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1781

Index 1781

No description. [1]

268 relations: Accra, Adelbert von Chamisso, Alcabala, Alexander Berry, American Revolution, American Revolutionary War, Ancient Order of Druids, Andrés Bello, Andrew Jackson, Anna Magdalena Godiche, Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Anton Diabelli, April 10, April 14, April 18, April 23, April 25, April 28, April 3, April 6, Articles of Confederation, August 30, Bagpipes, Bank of North America, Battle of Cowpens, Battle of Eutaw Springs, Battle of Groton Heights, Battle of Guilford Court House, Battle of Hobkirk's Hill, Battle of Jersey, Battle of the Chesapeake, Battle of Ushant (1781), Bay of Biscay, Benedict Arnold, Bernard Bolzano, Bernardo de Gálvez, Blue law, Camden, South Carolina, Capture of Sint Eustatius, Caribbean Sea, Carl Wilhelm Scheele, Channel Islands, Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis, Charles Messier, Checacupe District, Chesapeake Bay, Continental Army, Continental Congress, Cornelius Harnett, Criollo people, ..., Critique of Pure Reason, Cumberland County, North Carolina, Daniel Morgan, Danish literature, David Brewster, David Fanning (loyalist), December, December 11, December 12, Edward Capell, Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, Empress Joséphine, Eugène de Beauharnais, Falkirk, February 15, February 17, February 2, February 22, February 23, February 24, February 3, Fourth Anglo-Dutch War, François Henri de la Motte, François Joseph Paul de Grasse, Francisco Garcés, Freedom of religion, George III of the United Kingdom, George Stephenson, George Taylor (Pennsylvania politician), George Washington, Giovanni Battista Beccaria, Gotthold Ephraim Lessing, Groton, Connecticut, Habsburg Monarchy, Hanged, drawn and quartered, Henri Cassini, Henry George Bohn, High treason, History of slavery, Immanuel Kant, Industrial Revolution, Jacopo Puccini, James Abercrombie (British Army officer, born 1706), James Duane, James Lawrence, January, January 1, January 12, January 15, January 17, January 2, January 26, January 30, January 5, January 6, Jersey, Johann Nikolaus Götz, Johannes Ewald, John Blair (priest), John Campbell, of Strachur, John D. Sloat, John Hanson, John Joachim Zubly, John Paul Jones, Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor, Joseph Karl Stieler, July 18, July 23, July 25, July 27, July 29, July 6, June 21, June 4, June 9, Karl Friedrich Eichhorn, Karl Friedrich Schinkel, Kingdom of Great Britain, Lima, Liverpool, Locomotion No. 1, Los Angeles, Lucy Aikin, Ludwig Achim von Arnim, Maha Bandula, March, March 1, March 13, March 15, March 17, March 18, March 4, Mariana Victoria of Spain, Maryland, Mauro Giuliani, May 16, May 18, May 27, May 8, May 9, Merry-Joseph Blondel, Messier object, Micaela Bastidas Puyucahua, Moore County, North Carolina, Nathanael Greene, New Hampshire, November 1, November 20, November 29, November 30, November 4, November 5, November 6, October 1, October 12, October 16, October 19, October 20, October 5, Oliver Wolcott, Parliament of Great Britain, Patent of Toleration, Patriot (American Revolution), Peninsulars, Pensacola, Florida, Peter Scheemakers, Phillips Exeter Academy, Planet, President of the Continental Congress, Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, Pueblo de Los Ángeles, Rebecca Gratz, René Laennec, Richard Challoner, Richard Jago, Richard Kempenfelt, Richmond, Virginia, River Severn, Royal Navy, Samuel Peters, Sanité Bélair, September 10, September 12, September 28, September 3, September 4, September 5, September 6, September 8, Serfdom, Siege of Yorktown, Siméon Denis Poisson, Sint Eustatius, Slave ship, Socorro, Santander, South Carolina, Stamford Raffles, State cessions, Stephenson's Rocket, Swaminarayan, Túpac Amaru II, The Iron Bridge, Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves, Tungsten, Tyburn, Uranus, Virginia, Washington & Jefferson College, Washington County, Pennsylvania, Waxhaw, North Carolina, West Florida, William Herschel, William Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, William Pitt the Younger, William Sharpe (politician), William Williams of Wern, Yorktown, Virginia, Zong massacre, 1691, 1705, 1706, 1712, 1713, 1715, 1716, 1717, 1718, 1721, 1723, 1724, 1727, 1729, 1738, 1742, 1743, 1745, 1802, 1813, 1824, 1825, 1826, 1829, 1830, 1831, 1832, 1838, 1840, 1841, 1848, 1853, 1854, 1858, 1864, 1865, 1867, 1868, 1869, 1873. Expand index (218 more) »

Accra

Accra is the capital and largest city of Ghana, covering an area of with an estimated urban population of 2.27 million.

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Adelbert von Chamisso

Adelbert von Chamisso (30 January 178121 August 1838) was a German poet and botanist, author of Peter Schlemihl, a famous story about a man who sold his shadow.

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Alcabala

The alcabala or alcavala was a sales tax of up to fourteen percent,Joaquín Escriche, Diccionario razonado de legislacion y jurisprudencia, Volume 1, Third Edition, Viuda e hijos de A. Calleja, 1847.

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Alexander Berry

Alexander Berry (30 November 1781 – 17 September 1873) was a Scottish-born surgeon, merchant and explorer who in 1822 was given a land grant of 10,000 acres (40 km2) and 100 convicts to establish the first European settlement on the south coast of New South Wales, Australia.

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American Revolution

The American Revolution was a colonial revolt that took place between 1765 and 1783.

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American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.

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Ancient Order of Druids

The Ancient Order of Druids (AOD) is a fraternal organisation founded in London, England, in 1781 that still operates to this day.

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Andrés Bello

Andrés de Jesús María y José Bello López (November 29, 1781 – October 15, 1865) was a Venezuelan humanist, diplomat, poet, legislator, philosopher, educator and philologist, whose political and literary works constitute an important part of Spanish American culture.

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Andrew Jackson

Andrew Jackson (March 15, 1767 – June 8, 1845) was an American soldier and statesman who served as the seventh President of the United States from 1829 to 1837.

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Anna Magdalena Godiche

Anna Magdalena Godiche née Høpfner (January 11, 1721 - February 22, 1781) was a Danish book printer and publisher.

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Anne Robert Jacques Turgot

Anne Robert Jacques Turgot, Baron de l'Aulne (10 May 172718 March 1781), commonly known as Turgot, was a French economist and statesman.

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Anton Diabelli

Anton (or Antonio) Diabelli (6 September 17817 April 1858) was an Austrian music publisher, editor and composer.

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April 10

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April 14

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April 18

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April 23

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April 25

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April 28

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April 3

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April 6

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Articles of Confederation

The Articles of Confederation, formally the Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union, was an agreement among the 13 original states of the United States of America that served as its first constitution.

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August 30

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Bagpipes

Bagpipes are a woodwind instrument using enclosed reeds fed from a constant reservoir of air in the form of a bag.

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Bank of North America

The President, Directors, and Company, of the Bank of North America, commonly known as the Bank of North America, was a private bank first adopted on May 26, 1781 by the Confederation Congress, chartered on December 31, 1781 and opened in Philadelphia on January 7, 1782.

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Battle of Cowpens

The Battle of Cowpens, fought on January 17, 1781, was an engagement between American Colonial forces under Brigadier General Daniel Morgan and British forces under Sir Banastre Tarleton, as part of the campaign in the Carolinas (North and South).

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Battle of Eutaw Springs

The Battle of Eutaw Springs was a battle of the American Revolutionary War, and was the last major engagement of the war in the Carolinas.

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Battle of Groton Heights

The Battle of Groton Heights (also known as the Battle of Fort Griswold, and occasionally called the Fort Griswold massacre) was a battle of the American Revolutionary War fought on September 6, 1781 between a small Connecticut militia force led by Lieutenant Colonel William Ledyard and the more numerous British forces led by Brigadier General Benedict Arnold and Lieutenant Colonel Edmund Eyre.

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Battle of Guilford Court House

The Battle of Guilford Court House was a battle fought on March 15, 1781, at a site which is now in Greensboro, the county seat of Guilford County, North Carolina, during the American Revolutionary War.

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Battle of Hobkirk's Hill

The Battle of Hobkirk's Hill (sometimes referred to as the Second Battle of Camden) was a battle of the American Revolutionary War fought on April 25, 1781, near Camden, South Carolina.

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Battle of Jersey

The Battle of Jersey (6 January 1781) was an attempt by French forces to invade Jersey and remove the threat the island posed to French and American shipping in the Anglo-French War.

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Battle of the Chesapeake

The Battle of the Chesapeake, also known as the Battle of the Virginia Capes or simply the Battle of the Capes, was a crucial naval battle in the American Revolutionary War that took place near the mouth of Chesapeake Bay on 5 September 1781.

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Battle of Ushant (1781)

The Second Battle of Ushant was a naval battle fought between French and British squadrons near the island of Ushant on 12 December 1781, as part of the Anglo-French War.

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Bay of Biscay

The Bay of Biscay (Golfe de Gascogne, Golfo de Vizcaya, Pleg-mor Gwaskogn, Bizkaiko Golkoa) is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea.

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Benedict Arnold

Benedict Arnold (Brandt (1994), p. 4June 14, 1801) was a general during the American Revolutionary War who fought heroically for the American Continental Army—then defected to the enemy in 1780.

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Bernard Bolzano

Bernard Bolzano (born Bernardus Placidus Johann Nepomuk Bolzano; 5 October 1781 – 18 December 1848) was a Bohemian mathematician, logician, philosopher, theologian and Catholic priest of Italian extraction, also known for his antimilitarist views.

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Bernardo de Gálvez

Bernardo Vicente de Gálvez y Madrid, 1st Viscount of Galveston, 1st Count of Gálvez, OCIII (Macharaviaya, Málaga, Spain 25 July 1746 – 30 November 1786) was a Spanish military leader and colonial administrator who served as colonial governor of Spanish Louisiana and Cuba, and later as Viceroy of New Spain.

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Blue law

Blue laws, also known as Sunday laws, are laws designed to restrict or ban some or all Sunday activities for religious reasons, particularly to promote the observance of a day of worship or rest.

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Camden, South Carolina

Camden is a city in Kershaw County, South Carolina, United States.

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Capture of Sint Eustatius

The Capture of Sint Eustatius took place in February 1781 during the Fourth Anglo-Dutch War when British army and naval forces under General John Vaughan and Admiral George Rodney seized the Dutch-owned Caribbean island of Sint Eustatius.

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Caribbean Sea

The Caribbean Sea (Mar Caribe; Mer des Caraïbes; Caraïbische Zee) is a sea of the Atlantic Ocean in the tropics of the Western Hemisphere.

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Carl Wilhelm Scheele

Carl Wilhelm Scheele (9 December 1742 – 21 May 1786) was a Swedish Pomeranian and German pharmaceutical chemist.

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Channel Islands

The Channel Islands (Norman: Îles d'la Manche; French: Îles Anglo-Normandes or Îles de la Manche) are an archipelago in the English Channel, off the French coast of Normandy.

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Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis

Charles Cornwallis, 1st Marquess Cornwallis KG, PC (31 December 1738 – 5 October 1805), styled Viscount Brome between 1753 and 1762 and known as The Earl Cornwallis between 1762 and 1792, was a British Army general and official.

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Charles Messier

Charles Messier (26 June 1730 – 12 April 1817) was a French astronomer most notable for publishing an astronomical catalogue consisting of nebulae and star clusters that came to be known as the 110 "Messier objects".

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Checacupe District

Checacupe or Ch'iqa Kupi (Aymara ch'iqa left, kupi right, "left right") is one of eight districts of the Canchis Province in the Cusco Region in Peru.

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Chesapeake Bay

The Chesapeake Bay is an estuary in the U.S. states of Maryland and Virginia.

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Continental Army

The Continental Army was formed by the Second Continental Congress after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War by the colonies that became the United States of America.

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Continental Congress

The Continental Congress, also known as the Philadelphia Congress, was a convention of delegates called together from the Thirteen Colonies.

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Cornelius Harnett

Cornelius Harnett (April 10, 1723 – April 28, 1781) was an American merchant, farmer, and statesman from Wilmington, North Carolina.

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Criollo people

The Criollo is a term which, in modern times, has diverse meanings, but is most commonly associated with Latin Americans who are of full or near full Spanish descent, distinguishing them from both multi-racial Latin Americans and Latin Americans of post-colonial (and not necessarily Spanish) European immigrant origin.

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Critique of Pure Reason

The Critique of Pure Reason (Kritik der reinen Vernunft, KrV) (1781, Riga; second edition 1787) is a book by Immanuel Kant that has exerted an enduring influence on Western philosophy.

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Cumberland County, North Carolina

Cumberland County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina.

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Daniel Morgan

Daniel Morgan (July 6, 1736 – July 6, 1802) was an American pioneer, soldier, and politician from Virginia.

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Danish literature

Danish literature, a subset of Scandinavian literature, stretches back to the Middle Ages.

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David Brewster

Sir David Brewster KH PRSE FRS FSA(Scot) FSSA MICE (11 December 178110 February 1868) was a British scientist, inventor, author, and academic administrator.

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David Fanning (loyalist)

David Fanning (c. 1755 – March 14, 1825) was a Loyalist leader in the American Revolutionary War in North and South Carolina.

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December

December is the twelfth and final month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian Calendars and is the seventh and last of seven months to have a length of 31 days.

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December 11

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December 12

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Edward Capell

Edward Capell (11 June 1713 – 24 February 1781) was an English Shakespearian critic.

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Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke

Admiral of the Fleet Edward Hawke, 1st Baron Hawke, KB, PC (21 February 1705 – 17 October 1781) was a Royal Navy officer.

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Empress Joséphine

Joséphine de Beauharnais (born Marie-Josèphe-Rose Tascher de la Pagerie; 23 June 1763 – 29 May 1814) was the first wife of Napoleon I, and thus the first Empress of the French as Joséphine.

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Eugène de Beauharnais

Eugène Rose de Beauharnais, Duke of Leuchtenberg (3 September 1781 – 21 February 1824) was the first child and only son of Alexandre de Beauharnais and Joséphine Tascher de la Pagerie, first wife of Napoleon I. He was born in Paris, France, and became the stepson and adopted child (but not the heir to the imperial throne) of Napoleon I. His biological father was executed during the revolutionary Reign of Terror.

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Falkirk

Falkirk (The Fawkirk; An Eaglais Bhreac) is a large town in the Central Lowlands of Scotland, historically within the county of Stirlingshire.

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February 15

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February 17

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February 2

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February 22

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February 23

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February 24

For superstitious reasons, when the Romans began to intercalate to bring their calendar into line with the solar year, they chose not to place their extra month of Mercedonius after February but within it.

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February 3

No description.

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Fourth Anglo-Dutch War

The Fourth Anglo-Dutch War (Vierde Engels-Nederlandse Oorlog; 1780–1784) was a conflict between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Dutch Republic.

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François Henri de la Motte

Francis Henry de la Motte, or François Henri de la Motte, was a French citizen and ex-French army officer executed in London for High Treason on 27 July 1781.

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François Joseph Paul de Grasse

François Joseph Paul de Grasse (13 September 1722 – 11 January 1788), also known as Comte de Grasse, was a career French officer who achieved the rank of admiral.

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Francisco Garcés

Francisco Hermenegildo Tomás Garcés, O.F.M., (April 12, 1738 – July 18, 1781) was a Spanish Franciscan friar who served as a missionary and explorer in the colonial Viceroyalty of New Spain.

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Freedom of religion

Freedom of religion is a principle that supports the freedom of an individual or community, in public or private, to manifest religion or belief in teaching, practice, worship, and observance without government influence or intervention.

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George III of the United Kingdom

George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death in 1820.

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George Stephenson

George Stephenson (9 June 1781 – 12 August 1848) was a British civil engineer and mechanical engineer.

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George Taylor (Pennsylvania politician)

George Taylor (c. 1716 – February 23, 1781) was a Colonial ironmaster and a signer of the United States Declaration of Independence as a representative of Pennsylvania.

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George Washington

George Washington (February 22, 1732 –, 1799), known as the "Father of His Country," was an American soldier and statesman who served from 1789 to 1797 as the first President of the United States.

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Giovanni Battista Beccaria

Giovanni Battista Beccaria (3 October 1716 – 27 May 1781), Italian physicist, was born at Mondovì, and entered the religious Order of the Pious Schools or Piarists, in 1732, where he studied, and afterward taught, grammar and rhetoric.

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Gotthold Ephraim Lessing

Gotthold Ephraim Lessing (22 January 1729 – 15 February 1781) was a German writer, philosopher, dramatist, publicist and art critic, and one of the most outstanding representatives of the Enlightenment era.

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Groton, Connecticut

Groton is a town in New London County, Connecticut located on the Thames River.

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Habsburg Monarchy

The Habsburg Monarchy (Habsburgermonarchie) or Empire is an unofficial appellation among historians for the countries and provinces that were ruled by the junior Austrian branch of the House of Habsburg between 1521 and 1780 and then by the successor branch of Habsburg-Lorraine until 1918.

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Hanged, drawn and quartered

To be hanged, drawn and quartered was from 1352 a statutory penalty in England for men convicted of high treason, although the ritual was first recorded during the reign of King Henry III (1216–1272).

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Henri Cassini

Count Alexandre Henri Gabriel de Cassini (May 9, 1781 – April 23, 1832) was a French botanist and naturalist, who specialised in the sunflower family (Asteraceae) (then known as family Compositae).

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Henry George Bohn

Henry George Bohn (4 January 179622 August 1884) was a British publisher.

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High treason

Treason is criminal disloyalty.

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History of slavery

The history of slavery spans many cultures, nationalities, and religions from ancient times to the present day.

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Immanuel Kant

Immanuel Kant (22 April 1724 – 12 February 1804) was a German philosopher who is a central figure in modern philosophy.

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

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Jacopo Puccini

Jacopo (Giacomo) Puccini (26 January 1712 16 May 1781) was an 18th-century Italian composer who lived and worked primarily in Lucca, Tuscany.

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James Abercrombie (British Army officer, born 1706)

General James Abercrombie or Abercromby (1706 – 23 April 1781) was a British Army general and commander-in-chief of forces in North America during the French and Indian War, best known for the disastrous British losses in the 1758 Battle of Carillon.

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James Duane

James Duane (February 6, 1733 – February 1, 1797) was an American lawyer, jurist, and Revolutionary leader from New York.

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James Lawrence

James Lawrence (October 1, 1781 – June 4, 1813) was an American naval officer.

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January

January is the first month of the year in the Julian and Gregorian calendars and the first of seven months to have a length of 31 days.

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January 1

January 1 is the first day of the year in the Gregorian Calendar.

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January 12

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January 15

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January 17

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January 2

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January 26

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January 30

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January 5

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January 6

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Jersey

Jersey (Jèrriais: Jèrri), officially the Bailiwick of Jersey (Bailliage de Jersey; Jèrriais: Bailliage dé Jèrri), is a Crown dependency located near the coast of Normandy, France.

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Johann Nikolaus Götz

Johann Nikolaus Götz (Worms, July 9, 1721 – Winterburg near Bad Kreuznach, November 4, 1781) was a German poet from Worms.

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Johannes Ewald

Johannes Ewald (18 November 1743 – 17 March 1781) was a Danish national dramatist and poet.

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John Blair (priest)

John Blair FRS, FSA (died 24 June 1782), was a British clergyman, and chronologist.

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John Campbell, of Strachur

General John Campbell, 17th Chief of MacArthur Campbells of Strachur (1727 – 28 August 1806) was a Scottish soldier and nobleman, who commanded the British forces at the Siege of Pensacola, and succeeded Guy Carleton, 1st Baron Dorchester as Commander-in-Chief in North America in 1783 following the end of the American War of Independence.

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John D. Sloat

John Drake Sloat (July 6, 1781 – November 28, 1867) was a commodore in the United States Navy who, in 1846, claimed California for the United States.

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John Hanson

John Hanson (– November 15, 1783) was a merchant and public official from Maryland during the era of the American Revolution.

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John Joachim Zubly

Reverend John Joachim Zubly (August 27, 1724 – July 23, 1781), born Hans Joachim Züblin, was a Swiss-born American pastor, planter, and statesman during the American Revolution.

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John Paul Jones

John Paul Jones (born John Paul; July 6, 1747 July 18, 1792) was the United States' first well-known naval commander in the American Revolutionary War.

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Joseph II, Holy Roman Emperor

Joseph II (Joseph Benedikt Anton Michael Adam; 13 March 1741 – 20 February 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from 1765 and ruler of the Habsburg lands from 1780 to his death.

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Joseph Karl Stieler

Joseph Karl Stieler (1 November 1781 – 9 April 1858) was a German painter.

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July 18

No description.

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July 23

No description.

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July 25

No description.

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July 27

No description.

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July 29

No description.

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July 6

No description.

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June 21

This day usually marks the summer solstice in the Northern Hemisphere and the winter solstice in the Southern Hemisphere, which is the day of the year with the most hours of daylight in the Northern Hemisphere and the fewest hours of daylight in the Southern Hemisphere.

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June 4

No description.

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June 9

No description.

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Karl Friedrich Eichhorn

Karl Friedrich Eichhorn (20 November 1781 – 4 July 1854) was a German jurist.

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Karl Friedrich Schinkel

Karl Friedrich Schinkel (13 March 1781 – 9 October 1841) was a Prussian architect, city planner, and painter who also designed furniture and stage sets.

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Kingdom of Great Britain

The Kingdom of Great Britain, officially called simply Great Britain,Parliament of the Kingdom of England.

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Lima

Lima (Quechua:, Aymara) is the capital and the largest city of Peru.

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Liverpool

Liverpool is a city in North West England, with an estimated population of 491,500 in 2017.

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Locomotion No. 1

Locomotion No.

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Los Angeles

Los Angeles (Spanish for "The Angels";; officially: the City of Los Angeles; colloquially: by its initials L.A.) is the second-most populous city in the United States, after New York City.

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Lucy Aikin

Lucy Aikin (6 November 1781 – 29 January 1864) was an English historical writer.

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Ludwig Achim von Arnim

Carl Joachim Friedrich Ludwig von Arnim (26 January 1781 – 21 January 1831), better known as Achim von Arnim, was a German poet, novelist, and together with Clemens Brentano and Joseph von Eichendorff, a leading figure of German Romanticism.

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Maha Bandula

General Maha Bandula (မဟာဗန္ဓုလ; 6 November 1782 – 1 April 1825) was commander-in-chief of the Royal Burmese Armed Forces from 1821 until his death in 1825 in the First Anglo-Burmese War.

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March

March is the third month of the year in both the Julian and Gregorian calendars.

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March 1

No description.

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March 13

No description.

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March 15

In the Roman calendar, March 15 was known as the Ides of March.

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March 17

No description.

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March 18

No description.

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March 4

No description.

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Mariana Victoria of Spain

Mariana Victoria of Spain (Mariana Vitória; 31 March 1718 – 15 January 1781) was an Infanta of Spain by birth and was later the Queen of Portugal as wife of King Joseph I. The eldest daughter of Philip V of Spain and Elisabeth Farnese, she was engaged to the young Louis XV of France at the age of seven.

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Maryland

Maryland is a state in the Mid-Atlantic region of the United States, bordering Virginia, West Virginia, and Washington, D.C. to its south and west; Pennsylvania to its north; and Delaware to its east.

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Mauro Giuliani

Mauro Giuseppe Sergio Pantaleo Giuliani (27 July 1781 – 8 May 1829) was an Italian guitarist, cellist, singer, and composer.

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May 16

No description.

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May 18

No description.

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May 27

No description.

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May 8

No description.

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May 9

No description.

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Merry-Joseph Blondel

Merry-Joseph Blondel (25 July 1781 – 12 June 1853) was a French history painter of the Neoclassical school.

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Messier object

The Messier objects are a set of 110 astronomical objects, of which 103 were included in lists published by French astronomer Charles Messier in 1771 and 1781.

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Micaela Bastidas Puyucahua

Micaela Bastidas Puyucahua (born in Tamburco, 1744; died in Cusco, May 18, 1781), was a pioneering indigenous leader against Spanish rule in South America, and a martyr for Peruvian independence.

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Moore County, North Carolina

Moore County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina.

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Nathanael Greene

Nathanael Greene (June 19, 1786, sometimes misspelled Nathaniel) was a major general of the Continental Army in the American Revolutionary War (1775–1783).

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New Hampshire

New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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November 1

No description.

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November 20

No description.

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November 29

No description.

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November 30

No description.

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November 4

No description.

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November 5

No description.

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November 6

No description.

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October 1

No description.

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October 12

No description.

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October 16

No description.

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October 19

No description.

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October 20

No description.

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October 5

No description.

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Oliver Wolcott

Oliver Wolcott Sr. (November 20, 1726December 1, 1797) was an American politician.

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Parliament of Great Britain

The Parliament of Great Britain was formed in 1707 following the ratification of the Acts of Union by both the Parliament of England and the Parliament of Scotland.

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Patent of Toleration

The Patent of Toleration (Toleranzpatent) was an edict of toleration issued on 13 October 1781 by the Habsburg emperor Joseph II.

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Patriot (American Revolution)

Patriots (also known as Revolutionaries, Continentals, Rebels, or American Whigs) were those colonists of the Thirteen Colonies who rejected British rule during the American Revolution and declared the United States of America as an independent nation in July 1776.

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Peninsulars

In the context of the Spanish colonial caste system, a peninsular (pl. peninsulares) was a Spanish-born Spaniard residing in the New World or the Spanish East Indies.

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Pensacola, Florida

Pensacola is the westernmost city in the Florida Panhandle, approximately from the border with Alabama, and the county seat of Escambia County, in the U.S. state of Florida.

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Peter Scheemakers

Peter Scheemakers or Pieter Scheemaeckers II or the Younger (16 January 1691 – 12 September 1781) was a Flemish sculptor who worked for most of his life in London, Great Britain where his public and church sculptures in a classicist style had an important influence on the development of sculpture.

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Phillips Exeter Academy

Phillips Exeter Academy (often called Exeter or PEA) is a coeducational independent school for boarding and day students in grades 9 though 12, and offers a postgraduate program.

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Planet

A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.

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President of the Continental Congress

The president of the Continental Congress was the presiding officer of the Continental Congress, the convention of delegates that emerged as the first (transitional) national government of the United States during the American Revolution.

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Prime Minister of the United Kingdom

The Prime Minister of the United Kingdom is the head of the United Kingdom government.

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Pueblo de Los Ángeles

El Pueblo de Nuestra Señora la Reina de los Ángeles (the Town of Our Lady the Queen of the Angels) was the Spanish civilian pueblo founded in 1781, which by the 20th century became the American metropolis of Los Angeles.

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Rebecca Gratz

Rebecca Gratz (March 4, 1781 in Lancaster, Pennsylvania – August 27, 1869 in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) was a preeminent Jewish American educator and philanthropist in 19th century America.

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René Laennec

René-Théophile-Hyacinthe Laennec (17 February 1781 – 13 August 1826) was a French physician.

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Richard Challoner

His Excellency, The Right Reverend Bishop Richard Challoner, Bishop of Doberus (29 September 1691 – 12 January 1781) was an English Roman Catholic bishop, a leading figure of English Catholicism during the greater part of the 18th century.

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Richard Jago

Richard Jago (1 October 1715 – 8 May 1781) was an English clergyman poet and minor landscape gardener from Warwickshire.

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Richard Kempenfelt

Richard Kempenfelt (1718 – 29 August 1782) was a British rear admiral who gained a reputation as a naval innovator.

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Richmond, Virginia

Richmond is the capital of the Commonwealth of Virginia in the United States.

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River Severn

The River Severn (Afon Hafren, Sabrina) is a river in the United Kingdom.

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Royal Navy

The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.

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Samuel Peters

Reverend Samuel Andrew Peters (1735–1826) was a Connecticut Anglican clergyman and historian.

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Sanité Bélair

Suzanne Béliar, called Sanité Bélair, (1781 – 5 October 1802), was a Haitian Freedom fighter and revolutionary, lieutenant in the army of Toussaint Louverture.

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September 10

No description.

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September 12

No description.

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September 28

No description.

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September 3

No description.

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September 4

No description.

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September 5

No description.

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September 6

No description.

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September 8

No description.

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Serfdom

Serfdom is the status of many peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to manorialism.

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Siege of Yorktown

The Siege of Yorktown, also known as the Battle of Yorktown, the Surrender at Yorktown, German Battle or the Siege of Little York, ending on October 19, 1781, at Yorktown, Virginia, was a decisive victory by a combined force of American Continental Army troops led by General George Washington and French Army troops led by the Comte de Rochambeau over a British Army commanded by British peer and Lieutenant General Charles Cornwallis.

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Siméon Denis Poisson

Baron Siméon Denis Poisson FRS FRSE (21 June 1781 – 25 April 1840) was a French mathematician, engineer, and physicist, who made several scientific advances.

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Sint Eustatius

Sint Eustatius, also known affectionately to the locals as Statia,Tuchman, Barbara W. The First Salute: A View of the American Revolution New York: Ballantine Books, 1988.

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Slave ship

Slave ships were large cargo ships specially converted for the purpose of transporting slaves.

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Socorro, Santander

Socorro is a town and municipality in the Santander Department in northeastern Colombia.

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South Carolina

South Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Stamford Raffles

Sir Thomas Stamford Bingley Raffles, FRS (6 July 1781 – 5 July 1826) was a British statesman, Lieutenant-Governor of British Java (1811–1815) and Governor-General of Bencoolen (1817–1822), best known for his founding of Modern Singapore.

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State cessions

The state cessions are those areas of the United States that the separate states ceded to the federal government in the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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Stephenson's Rocket

Stephenson's Rocket was an early steam locomotive of 0-2-2 wheel arrangement.

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Swaminarayan

Swaminarayan (IAST:, 3 April 1781 – 1 June 1830), also known as Sahajanand Swami, was a yogi, and an ascetic whose life and teachings brought a revival of central Hindu practices of dharma, ahimsa and brahmacharya.

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Túpac Amaru II

José Gabriel Túpac Amaru (March 10, 1738 – May 18, 1781) — known as Túpac Amaru II — was the leader of a large Andean uprising against the Spanish in Peru, where its quelling resulted in his death.

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The Iron Bridge

The Iron Bridge is a bridge that crosses the River Severn in Shropshire, England.

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Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves

Thomas Graves, 1st Baron Graves KB (23 October 1725 – 9 February 1802) was a British Admiral and colonial official.

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Tungsten

Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W (referring to wolfram) and atomic number 74.

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Tyburn

Tyburn was a village in the county of Middlesex close to the current location of Marble Arch and the southern end of Edgware Road in present-day London.

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Uranus

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun.

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Virginia

Virginia (officially the Commonwealth of Virginia) is a state in the Southeastern and Mid-Atlantic regions of the United States located between the Atlantic Coast and the Appalachian Mountains.

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Washington & Jefferson College

Washington & Jefferson College, also known as W & J College or W&J, is a private liberal arts college in Washington, Pennsylvania, in the United States, which is south of Pittsburgh.

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Washington County, Pennsylvania

Washington County is a county located in the U.S. state of Pennsylvania.

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Waxhaw, North Carolina

Waxhaw is a town in Union County, North Carolina, United States.

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West Florida

West Florida (Florida Occidental) was a region on the north shore of the Gulf of Mexico that underwent several boundary and sovereignty changes during its history.

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William Herschel

Frederick William Herschel, (Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel; 15 November 1738 – 25 August 1822) was a German-born British astronomer, composer and brother of fellow astronomer Caroline Herschel, with whom he worked.

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William Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford

William Henry Nassau de Zuylestein, 4th Earl of Rochford, KG, PC (17 September 1717 O.S. – 29 September 1781) was a British courtier, diplomat and statesman of Anglo-Dutch descent.

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William Pitt the Younger

William Pitt the Younger (28 May 1759 – 23 January 1806) was a prominent British Tory statesman of the late 18th and early 19th centuries.

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William Sharpe (politician)

William Sharpe (December 13, 1742 – July 1, 1818) was a lawyer and politician from North Carolina, and a delegate to the Continental Congress.

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William Williams of Wern

William Williams of Wern (1781–1840) was an Independent minister in Wales, the promoter of the "General Union" movement of 1834.

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Yorktown, Virginia

Yorktown is a census-designated place (CDP) in York County, Virginia, United States.

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Zong massacre

The Zong massacre was the mass killing of 133 African slaves by the crew of the British slave ship Zong in the days following 29 November 1781.

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1691

No description.

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1705

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Sunday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1706

In the Swedish calendar it was a common year starting on Monday, one day ahead of the Julian and ten days behind the Gregorian calendar.

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1712

In the Swedish calendar it began as a leap year starting on Monday and remained so until Thursday, February 29.

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1713

No description.

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1715

No description.

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1716

No description.

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1717

No description.

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1718

No description.

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1721

No description.

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1723

No description.

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1724

No description.

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1727

No description.

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1729

No description.

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1738

No description.

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1742

No description.

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1743

No description.

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1745

No description.

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1802

No description.

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1813

No description.

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1824

No description.

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1825

No description.

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1826

No description.

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1829

No description.

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1830

It is known in European history as a rather tumultuous year with the Revolutions of 1830 in France, Belgium, Poland, Switzerland and Italy.

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1831

No description.

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1832

No description.

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1838

No description.

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1840

No description.

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1841

No description.

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1848

It is historically famous for the wave of revolutions, a series of widespread struggles for more liberal governments, which broke out from Brazil to Hungary; although most failed in their immediate aims, they significantly altered the political and philosophical landscape and had major ramifications throughout the rest of the century.

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1853

No description.

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1854

No description.

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1858

No description.

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1864

No description.

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1865

No description.

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1867

No description.

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1868

No description.

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1869

No description.

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1873

No description.

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Redirects here:

1781 (year), 1781 AD, 1781 CE, AD 1781, Births in 1781, Deaths in 1781, Events in 1781, Year 1781.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1781

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