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20 relations: Austro-Hungarian Army, Battle of Gnila Lipa, Battle of Limanowa, Dmitri Parsky, Dubno, Eastern Front (World War I), Galicia (Eastern Europe), Ilia Odishelidze, Imperial Russian Army formations and units (1914), Kiev Military District, Leonid Lesh, Mikhail Kvetsinsky, Nikolai Ruzsky, Northwestern Front (Russian Empire), Progress Publishers, Radko Dimitriev, Southwestern Front (Russian Empire), Western Front (Russian Empire), World War I, Zolochiv.
Austro-Hungarian Army
The Austro-Hungarian Army (Landstreitkräfte Österreich-Ungarns; Császári és Királyi Hadsereg) was the ground force of the Austro-Hungarian Dual Monarchy from 1867 to 1918.
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Battle of Gnila Lipa
The Battle of Gnila Lipa took place early in the World War I on 29–30 August 1914, when the Imperial Russian Army invaded Galicia and engaged the defending Austro-Hungarian Army.
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Battle of Limanowa
The Battle of Limanowa took place from 1 December to 13 December 1914, between the Austro-Hungarian Army and the Russian Army near the town of Limanowa (south-east of Kraków).
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Dmitri Parsky
Dmitri Pavlovich Parsky (Дмитрий Павлович Парский) (17 (26) October, 1866 – 20 December, 1921) was a Russian general of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I, who fought on the Eastern Front.
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Dubno
Dubno (Ду́бно, Dubno) is a city located on the Ikva River in Rivne Oblast (province) of western Ukraine.
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Eastern Front (World War I)
The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front, sometimes called the Second Fatherland War or Second Patriotic War (Вторая Отечественная война, Vtoraya Otechestvennaya voyna) in Russian sources) was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France. During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed "Plan 19" under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire. So instead of four armies invading East Prussia, the Russians planned to send two armies to East Prussia, and two Armies to defend against Austro-Hungarian forces invading from Galicia. In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains. The Kingdom of Romania entered the war in August 1916. The Entente promised the region of Transylvania (which was part of Austria-Hungary) in return for Romanian support. The Romanian Army invaded Transylvania and had initial successes, but was forced to stop and was pushed back by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians when Bulgaria attacked them in the south. Meanwhile, a revolution occurred in Russia in February 1917 (one of the several causes being the hardships of the war). Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a Russian Provisional Government was founded, with Georgy Lvov as its first leader, who was eventually replaced by Alexander Kerensky. The newly formed Russian Republic continued to fight the war alongside Romania and the rest of the Entente until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks in October 1917. Kerensky oversaw the July Offensive, which was largely a failure and caused a collapse in the Russian Army. The new government established by the Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, taking it out of the war and making large territorial concessions. Romania was also forced to surrender and signed a similar treaty, though both of the treaties were nullified with the surrender of the Central Powers in November 1918.
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Galicia (Eastern Europe)
Galicia (Ukrainian and Галичина, Halyčyna; Galicja; Czech and Halič; Galizien; Galícia/Kaliz/Gácsország/Halics; Galiția/Halici; Галиция, Galicija; גאַליציע Galitsiye) is a historical and geographic region in Central Europe once a small Kingdom of Galicia–Volhynia and later a crown land of Austria-Hungary, the Kingdom of Galicia and Lodomeria, that straddled the modern-day border between Poland and Ukraine.
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Ilia Odishelidze
Ilia Odishelidze (ილია ოდიშელიძე); Илья Зурабович Одишелидзе, Ilya Zurabovich Odishelidze) (25 March 1865 – c. 1924) was a Georgian military leader who had also served as a general of the Imperial Russian army. Born in Georgia, then part of the Russian Empire, he graduated from the 3rd Alexander’s School (1887) and the General Staff Academy in St Petersburg (1894). The next ten years were spent in military work in various regions of the empire. He took part in the Russo-Japanese war (1904–1905) in the capacity of a chief of staff of the 6th Eastern Siberian Division. He served, from 9 November 1911 to 9 January 1914, a governor general of Samarkand and was moved afterwards as a chief of staff of the Turkestan Military District. Promoted to lieutenant general on 11 October 1914, he held command over the 10th, 1st and 3rd armies from November 1914 to the fall of 1917. On October 2, 1917 he was appointed the commander-in-chief of the Caucasus Army. In January 1918 he was in command at Erzurum. During the total collapse of the Tsarist administration he tried to prevent the imperial armys disintegration, then resigned as a commander and helped to organize national Georgian divisions. In March 1918, he served as deputy minister of war for the Transcaucasian Transcaucasian Commissariat, but was sacked for his nationalistic sentiments. After Georgia’s declaration of independence (May 26, 1918), he held various important posts in the national armed forces and served as the commander-in-chief of army from the Fall of 1920 to February 1921. After the Soviet invasion of Georgia, he went in obscurity. According to some sources, he was shot by the Bolsheviks in 1921. He, however, appears to have fled to Turkey, where he died around 1924. Odishelidze's son Alexander, a colonel of the Georgian army, moved to France, where he committed suicide in 1933. His younger son, George (1899–1970), as a student of the Tiflis military college, fought against the Red Army in 1921 and then fled to France, where he enlisted in the French Foreign Legion and distinguished himself in World War II.
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Imperial Russian Army formations and units (1914)
This article lists Imperial Russian Army formations and units in 1914 prior to World War I mobilisation for the Russian invasion of Prussia and liberation Austro-Hungarian province of Galicia.
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Kiev Military District
The Kiev Military District was a military district of the Imperial Russian Army and subsequently of the Red Army and Soviet Armed Forces.
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Leonid Lesh
Leonid Vilgelmovich Lesh (Russian, Леонид Вильгельмович Леш, January 9, 1862 – August 28, 1934) was an Imperial Russian army commander.
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Mikhail Kvetsinsky
Mikhail Fyodorovich Kvetsinsky (Михаи́л Фёдорович Квецинский) (January 3, 1866 – March 31, 1923), also known as Michael (von) Kwetzinsky, was a Russian officer and a military administrator. He held notable command posts in the Russian Far East, during the Russo-Japanese War, during the First World War and during the Russian Civil War, when he was one of the leaders of the White Army of the North during the North Russia Intervention. Kvetsinsky became a Major-General in 1910 and a Lieutenant-General in 1915. He fled to Norway together with his superior Yevgeny Miller in 1920 and lived as a cab driver and labourer at a brewery at Lillehammer until his death three years later. His son Wassily von Kwetzinsky became a music critic and cultural figure in Norway. The Norwegian pianist Joachim Kwetzinsky is a stepson of his grandson.
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Nikolai Ruzsky
Nikolai Vladimirovich Ruzsky (Никола́й Влади́мирович Ру́зский) (– October 18, 1918) was a Russian general, member of the state and military councils.
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Northwestern Front (Russian Empire)
The Northwestern Front (Се́веро-За́падный фронт) was an army group of the Imperial Russian Army during the First World War.
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Progress Publishers
Progress Publishers was a Moscow-based Soviet publisher founded in 1931.
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Radko Dimitriev
Radko Dimitriev (Радко Димитриев) (24 September 1859 in Gradets – 18 October 1918 near Pyatigorsk) was a Bulgarian general, Head of the General Staff of the Bulgarian Army from 1 January 1904 to 28 March 1907, as well as a general in the Russian Army during the First World War.
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Southwestern Front (Russian Empire)
The Southwestern Front (Юго-Западный фронт) was an army group of the Imperial Russian Army during World War I. During the conflict it was responsible for managing operations along a front line that stretched 615 kilometers, from what is now southern Belarus to northern Romania, and took part in such operations as the Battle of Galicia and the Brusilov Offensive.
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Western Front (Russian Empire)
The Western Front (Западный фронт) was an army group in the armed forces of the Russian Empire during the First World War.
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World War I
World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.
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Zolochiv
Zolochiv (Золочів, Złoczów, זלאָטשאָוו, Zlotchov) is a small city of district significance in Lviv Oblast of Ukraine, the administrative center of Zolochiv Raion.
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