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214 relations: Adam, Afanasievo culture, Agriculture, Al Ubaidi, Alaska, Ancient Egypt, Ancient Near East, Anno Lucis, Antarctica, Antediluvian, Arghul, Aridification, Aryabhata, Arzachena culture, Astrology, Astronomy, Australia, Ötzi, Ötztal Alps, Đồng Đậu culture, Ġgantija, Ħaġar Qim, Barcelona, Beaker (archaeology), Bolívar Department, Botai culture, Bronze, Bronze Age, Brooklyn Museum, Bucharest, Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center, Cain and Abel, Canal, Caquetá Department, Caucasus, Cause of death, Céide Fields, Cernavodă, Chalcolithic, Chaldea, Colombia, Copper, Creation myth, Crete, Cucuteni–Trypillia culture, Cuneiform script, Dam, Desertification, Desiccation, Domestication of the horse, ..., Drainage, Early Dynastic Period (Egypt), Egypt, Egyptian hieroglyphs, Egyptian pyramids, Egyptology, Enoch (ancestor of Noah), Epoch (reference date), Eurasia, Eurasian Steppe, Flute, Freemasonry, Göbekli Tepe, Geography of Taiwan, Glacier, Glaciology, Gozo, Greenland, Harappa, Harp, Hebrew calendar, Hinduism, History of water supply and sanitation, History of writing, Holocene, Homicide, Hsekiu, Human migration, Hurrians, Hydrology, Iberians, Inclined plane, Indian subcontinent, Indus Valley Civilisation, Iry-Hor, Jar, John Lightfoot, Kali Yuga, Kazakhstan, Kish (Sumer), Krishna, Kura–Araxes culture, Kurgan hypothesis, Lever, Linen, List of national legal systems, Ljubljana Marshes, Ljubljana Marshes Wheel, Lleida, Lonnie Thompson, Lost-wax casting, Louvre, Lower Egypt, Lyre, Magdalena Department, Mahabharata, Malta, Mammoth, Mastaba, Mathematics, Maya calendar, Maykop culture, Mehrgarh, Memphis, Egypt, Menes, Mesopotamia, Methane, Methuselah (tree), Mijwiz, Minoan civilization, Mnajdra, Mohenjo-daro, Mount Kilimanjaro, Naqada, Narmer, Narmer Palette, National Museum of Romanian History, Nekhen, Neolithic, Neolithic Europe, Neolithic Subpluvial, New World, Newgrange, Nicolas Grimal, Nile, North Africa, Numeral system, Observatory, Ohio State University, Orkney, Ozieri culture, Pharaoh, Pontic–Caspian steppe, Potter's wheel, Pottery, Prehistoric Egypt, Proto-Elamite, Proto-Indo-European language, Proto-Indo-Europeans, Quelccaya Ice Cap, Recorded history, Romania, Sahara, Sail, Sailboat, Saint Paul Island (Alaska), Santorini, Scandinavian prehistory, Science Daily, Scorpion II, Scotland, Sexagesimal, Shush, Iran, Silver, Skara Brae, Slovenia, Southern Federal District, Sredny Stog culture, Stone sculpture, Stonehenge, Sumer, Susa, Sweet Track, Sydney, Sydney rock engravings, Tarxien, Thesh, Tin, Tiu (pharaoh), Tollmann's hypothetical bolide, Ukraine, Upper Egypt, Ur, Urbanization, Urheimat, Urkesh, Uruk, Uruk period, Valley, Vinča culture, Wazner, Wheel, World population, Writing, Yamna culture, Yangshao culture, Ziggurat, 20th century BC, 24th century BC, 25th century BC, 26th century BC, 29th century BC, 30th century BC, 31st century BC, 32nd century BC, 33rd century BC, 34th century BC, 35th century BC, 36th century BC, 37th century BC, 38th century BC, 39th century BC, 40th century BC, 5.9 kiloyear event. Expand index (164 more) »
Adam
Adam (ʾĀdam; Adám) is the name used in the opening chapters of the Book of Genesis for the first man created by God, but it is also used in a collective sense as "mankind" and individually as "a human".
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Afanasievo culture
The Afanasievo culture, or Afanasevo culture (Russian Афанасьевская культура Afanas'yevskaya kul'tura; " Afanasevan culture"), is the earliest known archaeological culture of south Siberia, occupying the Minusinsk Basin and the Altai Mountains during the eneolithic era, 3300 to 2500 BC.
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Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.
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Al Ubaidi
Al Ubaidi is a town in the Al Anbar province of Iraq.
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Alaska
Alaska (Alax̂sxax̂) is a U.S. state located in the northwest extremity of North America.
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Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River - geographically Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, in the place that is now occupied by the countries of Egypt and Sudan.
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Ancient Near East
The ancient Near East was the home of early civilizations within a region roughly corresponding to the modern Middle East: Mesopotamia (modern Iraq, southeast Turkey, southwest Iran, northeastern Syria and Kuwait), ancient Egypt, ancient Iran (Elam, Media, Parthia and Persia), Anatolia/Asia Minor and Armenian Highlands (Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region, Armenia, northwestern Iran, southern Georgia, and western Azerbaijan), the Levant (modern Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Israel, and Jordan), Cyprus and the Arabian Peninsula.
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Anno Lucis
Anno Lucis (“in the Year of Light”) is a dating system used in Masonic ceremonial or commemorative proceedings, which is equivalent to the Gregorian year plus 4000.
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Antarctica
Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent.
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Antediluvian
The Antediluvian (alternatively Pre-Diluvian or Pre-Flood, or even Tertiary) period (meaning "before the deluge") is the time period referred to in the Bible between the fall of humans and the Noachian Deluge (the Genesis Flood) in the biblical cosmology.
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Arghul
The arghul (أرغول or), also spelled argul, arghoul, arghool, argol, or yarghul (Israel), is a musical instrument.
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Aridification
Aridification is the process of a region becoming increasingly dry.
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Aryabhata
Aryabhata (IAST) or Aryabhata I (476–550 CE) was the first of the major mathematician-astronomers from the classical age of Indian mathematics and Indian astronomy.
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Arzachena culture
The Arzachena culture was a late Neolithic pre-Nuragic culture occupying the northeastern part of Sardinia (Gallura) and part of southern Corsica from roughly the 4th to the 3rd millennium BC.
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Astrology
Astrology is the study of the movements and relative positions of celestial objects as a means for divining information about human affairs and terrestrial events.
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Astronomy
Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.
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Ötzi
Ötzi (also called the Iceman, the Similaun Man, the Man from Hauslabjoch, the Tyrolean Iceman, and the Hauslabjoch mummy) is a nickname given to the well-preserved natural mummy of a man who lived between 3400 and 3100 BCE.
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Ötztal Alps
The Ötztal Alps (Alpi Venoste, Ötztaler Alpen) are a mountain range in the Central Eastern Alps, in the State of Tyrol in southern Austria and the Province of South Tyrol in northern Italy.
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Đồng Đậu culture
The Đồng Đậu culture (c. 1,500-1,000 BC) was a culture of the Middle Bronze Age in Vietnam.
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Ġgantija
Ġgantija ("Giants' Tower") is a megalithic temple complex from the Neolithic on the Mediterranean island of Gozo.
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Ħaġar Qim
Ħaġar Qim ("Standing/Worshipping Stones") is a megalithic temple complex found on the Mediterranean island of Malta, dating from the Ġgantija phase (3600-3200 BC).
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Barcelona
Barcelona is a city in Spain.
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Beaker (archaeology)
A beaker is a small ceramic or metal drinking vessel shaped to be held in the hands.
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Bolívar Department
Bolívar is a department of Colombia.
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Botai culture
The Botai culture is an archaeological culture (c. 3700–3100 BC) of ancient Kazakhstan.
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Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon.
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.
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Brooklyn Museum
The Brooklyn Museum is an art museum located in the New York City borough of Brooklyn.
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Bucharest
Bucharest (București) is the capital and largest city of Romania, as well as its cultural, industrial, and financial centre.
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Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center
The Byrd Polar and Climate Research Center (BPCRC) is a polar, alpine, and climate research center at The Ohio State University founded in 1960.
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Cain and Abel
In the biblical Book of Genesis, Cain and Abel are the first two sons of Adam and Eve.
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Canal
Canals, or navigations, are human-made channels, or artificial waterways, for water conveyance, or to service water transport vehicles.
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Caquetá Department
Caquetá Department is a department of Colombia.
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Caucasus
The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.
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Cause of death
In law, medicine, and statistics, cause of death is a term which refers to an official determination of conditions resulting in a human's death.
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Céide Fields
The Céide Fields is an archaeological site on the north County Mayo coast in the west of Ireland, about 7 kilometres northwest of Ballycastle.
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Cernavodă
Cernavodă (historical names: Thracian: Axiopa, Axiopolis, Черна вода, Cherna voda, Boğazköy) is a town in Constanța County, Northern Dobruja, Romania with a population of 20,514.
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Chalcolithic
The Chalcolithic (The New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998), p. 301: "Chalcolithic /,kælkəl'lɪθɪk/ adjective Archaeology of, relating to, or denoting a period in the 4th and 3rd millennium BCE, chiefly in the Near East and SE Europe, during which some weapons and tools were made of copper. This period was still largely Neolithic in character. Also called Eneolithic... Also called Copper Age - Origin early 20th cent.: from Greek khalkos 'copper' + lithos 'stone' + -ic". χαλκός khalkós, "copper" and λίθος líthos, "stone") period or Copper Age, in particular for eastern Europe often named Eneolithic or Æneolithic (from Latin aeneus "of copper"), was a period in the development of human technology, before it was discovered that adding tin to copper formed the harder bronze, leading to the Bronze Age.
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Chaldea
Chaldea or Chaldaea was a Semitic-speaking nation that existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which it and its people were absorbed and assimilated into Babylonia.
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Colombia
Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Creation myth
A creation myth (or cosmogonic myth) is a symbolic narrative of how the world began and how people first came to inhabit it.
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Crete
Crete (Κρήτη,; Ancient Greek: Κρήτη, Krḗtē) is the largest and most populous of the Greek islands, the 88th largest island in the world and the fifth largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, Sardinia, Cyprus, and Corsica.
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Cucuteni–Trypillia culture
The Cucuteni–Trypillia culture (and), also known as the Tripolye culture, is a Neolithic–Eneolithic archaeological culture (5200 to 3500 BC) in Eastern Europe.
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Cuneiform script
Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.
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Dam
A dam is a barrier that stops or restricts the flow of water or underground streams.
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Desertification
Desertification is a type of land degradation in which a relatively dry area of land becomes increasingly arid, typically losing its bodies of water as well as vegetation and wildlife.
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Desiccation
Desiccation is the state of extreme dryness, or the process of extreme drying.
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Domestication of the horse
A number of hypotheses exist on many of the key issues regarding the domestication of the horse.
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Drainage
Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub-surface water from an area.
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Early Dynastic Period (Egypt)
The Archaic or Early Dynastic Period of Egypt is the era immediately following the unification of Upper and Lower Egypt c. 3100 BC.
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Egypt
Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.
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Egyptian hieroglyphs
Egyptian hieroglyphs were the formal writing system used in Ancient Egypt.
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Egyptian pyramids
The Egyptian pyramids are ancient pyramid-shaped masonry structures located in Egypt.
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Egyptology
Egyptology (from Egypt and Greek -λογία, -logia. علم المصريات) is the study of ancient Egyptian history, language, literature, religion, architecture and art from the 5th millennium BC until the end of its native religious practices in the 4th century AD.
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Enoch (ancestor of Noah)
Enoch is a character of the Antediluvian period in the Hebrew Bible.
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Epoch (reference date)
In the fields of chronology and periodization, an epoch is an instant in time chosen as the origin of a particular era.
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Eurasia
Eurasia is a combined continental landmass of Europe and Asia.
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Eurasian Steppe
The Eurasian Steppe, also called the Great Steppe or the steppes, is the vast steppe ecoregion of Eurasia in the temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands biome.
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Flute
The flute is a family of musical instruments in the woodwind group.
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Freemasonry
Freemasonry or Masonry consists of fraternal organisations that trace their origins to the local fraternities of stonemasons, which from the end of the fourteenth century regulated the qualifications of stonemasons and their interaction with authorities and clients.
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Göbekli Tepe
Göbekli Tepe, Turkish for "Potbelly Hill", is an archaeological site in the Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey, approximately northeast of the city of Şanlıurfa.
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Geography of Taiwan
Taiwan, formerly known as Formosa, is an island in East Asia; located some off the southeastern coast of mainland China across the Taiwan Strait.
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Glacier
A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often centuries.
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Glaciology
Glaciology (from Latin: glacies, "frost, ice", and Ancient Greek: λόγος, logos, "subject matter"; literally "study of ice") is the scientific study of glaciers, or more generally ice and natural phenomena that involve ice.
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Gozo
Gozo (Għawdex,, formerly Gaulos) is an island of the Maltese archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Greenland
Greenland (Kalaallit Nunaat,; Grønland) is an autonomous constituent country within the Kingdom of Denmark between the Arctic and Atlantic Oceans, east of the Canadian Arctic Archipelago.
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Harappa
Harappa (Urdu/ہڑپّہ) is an archaeological site in Punjab, Pakistan, about west of Sahiwal.
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Harp
The harp is a stringed musical instrument that has a number of individual strings running at an angle to its soundboard; the strings are plucked with the fingers.
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Hebrew calendar
The Hebrew or Jewish calendar (Ha-Luah ha-Ivri) is a lunisolar calendar used today predominantly for Jewish religious observances.
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Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.
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History of water supply and sanitation
The history of water supply and sanitation is one of a logistical challenge to provide clean water and sanitation systems since the dawn of civilization.
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History of writing
The history of writing traces the development of expressing language by letters or other marks and also the studies and descriptions of these developments.
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Homicide
Homicide is the act of one human killing another.
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Hsekiu
Hsekiu, alternatively Seka, is mentioned in the Palermo Stone as a Predynastic Egyptian pharaoh (king) who ruled in Lower Egypt.
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Human migration
Human migration is the movement by people from one place to another with the intentions of settling, permanently or temporarily in a new location.
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Hurrians
The Hurrians (cuneiform:; transliteration: Ḫu-ur-ri; also called Hari, Khurrites, Hourri, Churri, Hurri or Hurriter) were a people of the Bronze Age Near East.
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Hydrology
Hydrology is the scientific study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth and other planets, including the water cycle, water resources and environmental watershed sustainability.
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Iberians
The Iberians (Hibērī, from Ίβηρες, Iberes) were a set of peoples that Greek and Roman sources (among others, Hecataeus of Miletus, Avienus, Herodotus and Strabo) identified with that name in the eastern and southern coasts of the Iberian peninsula, at least from the 6th century BC.
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Inclined plane
An inclined plane, also known as a ramp, is a flat supporting surface tilted at an angle, with one end higher than the other, used as an aid for raising or lowering a load.
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Indian subcontinent
The Indian subcontinent is a southern region and peninsula of Asia, mostly situated on the Indian Plate and projecting southwards into the Indian Ocean from the Himalayas.
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Indus Valley Civilisation
The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC), or Harappan Civilisation, was a Bronze Age civilisation (5500–1300 BCE; mature period 2600–1900 BCE) mainly in the northwestern regions of South Asia, extending from what today is northeast Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest India.
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Iry-Hor
Iry-Hor or Ro (as read by the Egyptologist Flinders Petrie)Flinders Petrie: The Royal tombs of the earliest dynasties, 1900, pp.
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Jar
A jar is a rigid, approximately cylindrical container with a wide mouth or opening.
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John Lightfoot
John Lightfoot (29 March 1602 – 6 December 1675) was an English churchman, rabbinical scholar, Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge and Master of St Catharine's College, Cambridge.
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Kali Yuga
Kali Yuga (Devanāgarī: कलियुग, lit. "age of Kali") is the last of the four stages (or ages or yugas) the world goes through as part of a 'cycle of yugas' (i.e. Mahayuga) described in the Sanskrit scriptures.
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Kazakhstan
Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan,; kəzɐxˈstan), officially the Republic of Kazakhstan (Qazaqstan Respýblıkasy; Respublika Kazakhstan), is the world's largest landlocked country, and the ninth largest in the world, with an area of.
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Kish (Sumer)
Kish (Sumerian: Kiš; transliteration: Kiški; cuneiform:; Akkadian: kiššatu) was an ancient tell (hill city) of Sumer in Mesopotamia, considered to have been located near the modern Tell al-Uhaymir in the Babil Governorate of Iraq, east of Babylon and 80 km south of Baghdad.
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Krishna
Krishna (Kṛṣṇa) is a major deity in Hinduism.
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Kura–Araxes culture
The Kura–Araxes culture or the early trans-Caucasian culture was a civilization that existed from about 4000 BC until about 2000 BC, which has traditionally been regarded as the date of its end; in some locations it may have disappeared as early as 2600 or 2700 BC.
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Kurgan hypothesis
The Kurgan hypothesis (also known as the Kurgan theory or Kurgan model) or steppe theory is the most widely accepted proposal to identify the Proto-Indo-European homeland from which the Indo-European languages spread out throughout Europe and parts of Asia.
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Lever
A lever is a simple machine consisting of a beam or rigid rod pivoted at a fixed hinge, or fulcrum.
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Linen
Linen is a textile made from the fibers of the flax plant.
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List of national legal systems
The contemporary legal systems of the world are generally based on one of four basic systems: civil law, common law, statutory law, religious law or combinations of these.
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Ljubljana Marshes
The Ljubljana Marshes (Ljubljansko barje), located south of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, is the largest marsh in the country.
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Ljubljana Marshes Wheel
The Ljubljana Marshes Wheel is a wooden wheel that was found in the Ljubljana Marshes some south of Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, in 2002.
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Lleida
Lleida (Lérida) is a city in the west of Catalonia, Spain.
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Lonnie Thompson
Lonnie Thompson (born July 1, 1948), is an American paleoclimatologist and Distinguished University Professor in the School of Earth Sciences at The Ohio State University.
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Lost-wax casting
Lost-wax casting (also called "investment casting", "precision casting", or cire perdue in French) is the process by which a duplicate metal sculpture (often silver, gold, brass or bronze) is cast from an original sculpture.
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Louvre
The Louvre, or the Louvre Museum, is the world's largest art museum and a historic monument in Paris, France.
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Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt (مصر السفلى.) is the northernmost region of Egypt: the fertile Nile Delta, between Upper Egypt and the Mediterranean Sea — from El Aiyat, south of modern-day Cairo, and Dahshur.
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Lyre
The lyre (λύρα, lýra) is a string instrument known for its use in Greek classical antiquity and later periods.
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Magdalena Department
Magdalena is a department of Colombia, located to the north of the country by the Caribbean Sea.
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Mahabharata
The Mahābhārata (महाभारतम्) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Rāmāyaṇa.
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Malta
Malta, officially known as the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta), is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Mammoth
A mammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammuthus, proboscideans commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair.
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Mastaba
A mastaba or pr-djt (meaning "house for eternity" or "eternal house" in Ancient Egyptian) is a type of ancient Egyptian tomb in the form of a flat-roofed, rectangular structure with inward sloping sides, constructed out of mud-bricks (from the Nile River).
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Mathematics
Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα máthēma, "knowledge, study, learning") is the study of such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change.
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Maya calendar
The Maya calendar is a system of calendars used in pre-Columbian Mesoamerica and in many modern communities in the Guatemalan highlands, Veracruz, Oaxaca and Chiapas, Mexico.
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Maykop culture
The Maykop culture (scientific transliteration: Majkop), c. 3700 BC–3000 BC, was a major Bronze Age archaeological culture in the western Caucasus region of southern Russia.
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Mehrgarh
Mehrgarh (Balochi: Mehrgaŕh; مهرګړ; مہرگڑھ), sometimes anglicized as Mehergarh or Mehrgar, is a Neolithic (7000 BCE to c. 2500/2000 BCE) site located near the Bolan Pass on the Kacchi Plain of Balochistan, Pakistan, to the west of the Indus River valley.
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Memphis, Egypt
Memphis (مَنْف; ⲙⲉⲙϥⲓ; Μέμφις) was the ancient capital of Aneb-Hetch, the first nome of Lower Egypt.
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Menes
Menes (mnj, probably pronounced *; Μήνης) was a pharaoh of the Early Dynastic Period of ancient Egypt credited by classical tradition with having united Upper and Lower Egypt and as the founder of the First Dynasty.
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Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.
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Methane
Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen).
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Methuselah (tree)
Methuselah is a -year-old Great Basin bristlecone pine (Pinus longaeva) tree growing high in the White Mountains of Inyo County in eastern California.
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Mijwiz
The mijwiz (مجوز, DIN: miǧwiz) is a traditional musical instrument of Palestine, Lebanon, Jordan, Syria and Iraq.
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Minoan civilization
The Minoan civilization was an Aegean Bronze Age civilization on the island of Crete and other Aegean Islands which flourished from about 2600 to 1600 BC, before a late period of decline, finally ending around 1100.
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Mnajdra
Mnajdra (L-Imnajdra) is a megalithic temple complex found on the southern coast of the Mediterranean island of Malta.
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Mohenjo-daro
Mohenjo-daro (موئن جو دڙو, meaning 'Mound of the Dead Men'; موئن جو دڑو) is an archaeological site in the province of Sindh, Pakistan.
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Mount Kilimanjaro
Mount Kilimanjaro or just Kilimanjaro, with its three volcanic cones, "Kibo", "Mawenzi", and "Shira", is a dormant volcano in Tanzania.
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Naqada
Naqada is a town on the west bank of the Nile in the Egyptian governorate of Qena.
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Narmer
Narmer was an ancient Egyptian king of the Early Dynastic Period.
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Narmer Palette
The Narmer Palette, also known as the Great Hierakonpolis Palette or the Palette of Narmer, is a significant Egyptian archeological find, dating from about the 31st century BC.
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National Museum of Romanian History
The National Museum of Romanian History (Muzeul Național de Istorie a României) is a museum located on Calea Victoriei in Bucharest, Romania, which contains Romanian historical artifacts from prehistoric times up to modern times.
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Nekhen
Nekhen or Hierakonpolis (Ἱεράκων πόλις Hierakōn polis "Hawk City", lit) was the religious and political capital of Upper Egypt at the end of prehistoric Egypt (3200–3100 BC) and probably also during the Early Dynastic Period (3100–2686 BC).
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Neolithic
The Neolithic was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 10,200 BC, according to the ASPRO chronology, in some parts of Western Asia, and later in other parts of the world and ending between 4500 and 2000 BC.
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Neolithic Europe
Neolithic Europe is the period when Neolithic technology was present in Europe, roughly between 7000 BCE (the approximate time of the first farming societies in Greece) and c. 1700 BCE (the beginning of the Bronze Age in northwest Europe).
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Neolithic Subpluvial
The Neolithic Subpluvial, or the Holocene Wet Phase, was an extended period (from about 7500–7000 BCE to about 3500–3000 BCE) of wet and rainy conditions in the climate history of northern Africa.
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New World
The New World is one of the names used for the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas (including nearby islands such as those of the Caribbean and Bermuda).
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Newgrange
Newgrange (Sí an Bhrú or Brú na Bóinne) is a prehistoric monument in County Meath, Ireland, located west of Drogheda on the north side of the River Boyne.
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Nicolas Grimal
Nicolas-Christophe Grimal (born 13 November 1948 in Libourne) is a French Egyptologist.
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Nile
The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.
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North Africa
North Africa is a collective term for a group of Mediterranean countries and territories situated in the northern-most region of the African continent.
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Numeral system
A numeral system (or system of numeration) is a writing system for expressing numbers; that is, a mathematical notation for representing numbers of a given set, using digits or other symbols in a consistent manner.
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Observatory
An observatory is a location used for observing terrestrial or celestial events.
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Ohio State University
The Ohio State University, commonly referred to as Ohio State or OSU, is a large, primarily residential, public university in Columbus, Ohio.
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Orkney
Orkney (Orkneyjar), also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of Great Britain.
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Ozieri culture
The Ozieri culture (or San Michele culture) was a prehistoric pre-Nuragic culture that occupied Sardinia from c. 3200 to 2800 BC.
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Pharaoh
Pharaoh (ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ Prro) is the common title of the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BCE) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the actual term "Pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until circa 1200 BCE.
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Pontic–Caspian steppe
The Pontic–Caspian steppe, Pontic steppe or Ukrainian steppe is the vast steppeland stretching from the northern shores of the Black Sea (called Euxeinos Pontos in antiquity) as far east as the Caspian Sea, from Moldova and eastern Ukraine across the Southern Federal District and the Volga Federal District of Russia to western Kazakhstan, forming part of the larger Eurasian steppe, adjacent to the Kazakh steppe to the east.
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Potter's wheel
In pottery, a potter's wheel is a machine used in the shaping (known as throwing) of round ceramic ware.
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Pottery
Pottery is the ceramic material which makes up pottery wares, of which major types include earthenware, stoneware and porcelain.
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Prehistoric Egypt
The prehistory of Egypt spans the period from earliest human settlement to the beginning of the Early Dynastic Period of Egypt around 3100 BC, starting with the first Pharaoh, Narmer for some egyptologists, Hor-Aha for others, (also known as Menes).
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Proto-Elamite
The Proto-Elamite period is the time from ca.
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Proto-Indo-European language
Proto-Indo-European (PIE) is the linguistic reconstruction of the hypothetical common ancestor of the Indo-European languages, the most widely spoken language family in the world.
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Proto-Indo-Europeans
The Proto-Indo-Europeans were the prehistoric people of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the ancestor of the Indo-European languages according to linguistic reconstruction.
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Quelccaya Ice Cap
The Quelccaya Ice Cap is the second largest glaciated area in the tropics, after Coropuna.
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Recorded history
Recorded history or written history is a historical narrative based on a written record or other documented communication.
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Romania
Romania (România) is a sovereign state located at the crossroads of Central, Eastern, and Southeastern Europe.
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Sahara
The Sahara (الصحراء الكبرى,, 'the Great Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic.
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Sail
A sail is a tensile structure—made from fabric or other membrane materials—that uses wind power to propel sailing craft, including sailing ships, sailboats, windsurfers, ice boats, and even sail-powered land vehicles.
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Sailboat
A sailboat or sailing boat is a boat propelled partly or entirely by sails smaller than a sailing ship.
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Saint Paul Island (Alaska)
Saint Paul Island is the largest of the Pribilof Islands, a group of four Alaskan volcanic islands located in the Bering Sea between the United States and Russia.
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Santorini
Santorini (Σαντορίνη), classically Thera (English pronunciation), and officially Thira (Greek: Θήρα), is an island in the southern Aegean Sea, about 200 km (120 mi) southeast of Greece's mainland.
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Scandinavian prehistory
The Scandinavian Peninsula became ice-free around 11,000 BC, at the end of the last ice age.
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Science Daily
Science Daily is an American website that aggregates press releases and publishes lightly edited press releases (a practice called churnalism) about science, similar to Phys.org and EurekAlert!.
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Scorpion II
Scorpion II (Ancient Egyptian: possibly Selk or Weha), also known as King Scorpion, refers to the second of two kings or chieftains of that name during the Protodynastic Period of Upper Egypt.
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Scotland
Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.
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Sexagesimal
Sexagesimal (base 60) is a numeral system with sixty as its base.
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Shush, Iran
Shush (شوش; also Romanized as Shūsh, Shoosh, and by name of the ancient nearby city: Sūsa) is a city and capital of Shush County, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
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Silver
Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (from the Latin argentum, derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47.
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Skara Brae
Skara Brae is a stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland, the largest island in the Orkney archipelago of Scotland.
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Slovenia
Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene:, abbr.: RS), is a country in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.
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Southern Federal District
The Southern Federal District (ˈjuʐnɨj fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨj ˈokrʊk) is one of the eight federal districts of Russia.
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Sredny Stog culture
The Sredny Stog culture is a pre-kurgan archaeological culture from the 5th millennium BC.
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Stone sculpture
A stone sculpture is an object made of stone which has been carved or assembled to form a visually interesting three-dimensional shape.
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Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, west of Amesbury.
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Sumer
SumerThe name is from Akkadian Šumeru; Sumerian en-ĝir15, approximately "land of the civilized kings" or "native land".
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Susa
Susa (fa Šuš;; שׁוּשָׁן Šušān; Greek: Σοῦσα; ܫܘܫ Šuš; Old Persian Çūšā) was an ancient city of the Proto-Elamite, Elamite, First Persian Empire, Seleucid, Parthian, and Sasanian empires of Iran, and one of the most important cities of the Ancient Near East.
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Sweet Track
The Sweet Track is an ancient causeway in the Somerset Levels, England.
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Sydney
Sydney is the state capital of New South Wales and the most populous city in Australia and Oceania.
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Sydney rock engravings
Sydney rock engravings, or Sydney rock art, are a form of Australian Aboriginal rock art in the sandstone around Sydney, New South Wales, Australia, that consist of carefully drawn images of people, animals, or symbols.
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Tarxien
Tarxien (Ħal Tarxien) is a town in the South Eastern Region of Malta.
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Thesh
Thesh, also known as Tjesh and Tesh, is mentioned in the Palermo Stone as a Predynastic Egyptian king who ruled in Lower Egypt.
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Tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from stannum) and atomic number 50.
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Tiu (pharaoh)
Tiu, also known as Teyew, is mentioned in the Palermo Stone as a Predynastic Egyptian king who ruled in Lower Egypt.
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Tollmann's hypothetical bolide
Alexander Tollmann's bolide, proposed by Kristan-Tollmann and Tollmann in 1994,Kristan-Tollmann, E. and A. Tollmann, 1994, The youngest big impact on Earth deduced from geological and historical evidence.
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Ukraine
Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.
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Upper Egypt
Upper Egypt (صعيد مصر, shortened to الصعيد) is the strip of land on both sides of the Nile that extends between Nubia and downriver (northwards) to Lower Egypt.
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Ur
Ur (Sumerian: Urim; Sumerian Cuneiform: KI or URIM5KI; Akkadian: Uru; أور; אור) was an important Sumerian city-state in ancient Mesopotamia, located at the site of modern Tell el-Muqayyar (تل المقير) in south Iraq's Dhi Qar Governorate.
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Urbanization
Urbanization refers to the population shift from rural to urban residency, the gradual increase in the proportion of people living in urban areas, and the ways in which each society adapts to this change.
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Urheimat
In historical linguistics, the term homeland (also Urheimat;; from a German compound of ur- "original" and Heimat "home, homeland") denotes the area of origin of the speakers of a proto-language, the (reconstructed or known) parent language of a group of languages assumed to be genetically related.
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Urkesh
Urkesh or Urkish (modern Tell Mozan; تل موزان) is a tell, or settlement mound, located in the foothills of the Taurus Mountains in Al-Hasakah Governorate, northeastern Syria.
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Uruk
Uruk (Cuneiform: URUUNUG; Sumerian: Unug; Akkadian: Uruk; وركاء,; Aramaic/Hebrew:; Orḥoē, Ὀρέχ Oreḥ, Ὠρύγεια Ōrugeia) was an ancient city of Sumer (and later of Babylonia), situated east of the present bed of the Euphrates river, on the dried-up, ancient channel of the Euphrates, some 30 km east of modern Samawah, Al-Muthannā, Iraq.
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Uruk period
The Uruk period (ca. 4000 to 3100 BC) existed from the protohistoric Chalcolithic to Early Bronze Age period in the history of Mesopotamia, following the Ubaid period and succeeded by the Jemdet Nasr period.
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Valley
A valley is a low area between hills or mountains often with a river running through it.
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Vinča culture
The Vinča culture, also known as Turdaș culture or Turdaș–Vinča culture, is a Neolithic archaeological culture in Serbia and smaller parts of Romania (particularly Transylvania), dated to the period 5700–4500 BC.
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Wazner
Wazner (also Wazenez, Wadjenedj and possibly Wenegbu) is mentioned in the Palermo Stone as a Predynastic Egyptian king who ruled in Lower Egypt.
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Wheel
A wheel is a circular component that is intended to rotate on an axle bearing.
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World population
In demographics, the world population is the total number of humans currently living, and was estimated to have reached 7.6 billion people as of May 2018.
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Writing
Writing is a medium of human communication that represents language and emotion with signs and symbols.
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Yamna culture
The Yamna people or Yamnaya culture (traditionally known as the Pit Grave culture or Ochre Grave culture) was a late Copper Age to early Bronze Age culture of the region between the Southern Bug, Dniester and Ural rivers (the Pontic steppe), dating to 3300–2600 BC.
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Yangshao culture
The Yangshao culture was a Neolithic culture that existed extensively along the Yellow River in China.
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Ziggurat
A ziggurat (Akkadian: ziqqurat, D-stem of zaqāru "to build on a raised area") is a type of massive stone structure built in ancient Mesopotamia.
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20th century BC
The 20th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 2000 BC to 1901 BC.
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24th century BC
The 24th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 2400 BC to 2301 BC.
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25th century BC
The 25th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 2500 BC to 2401 BC.
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26th century BC
The 26th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 2600 BC to 2501 BC.
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29th century BC
The 29th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 2900 BC to 2801 BC.
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30th century BC
The 30th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3000 BC to 2901 BC.
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31st century BC
The 31st century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3100 BC to 3001 BC.
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32nd century BC
The 32nd century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3200 BC to 3101 BC.
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33rd century BC
The 33rd century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3300 BC to 3201 BC.
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34th century BC
The 34th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3400 BC to 3301 BC.
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35th century BC
The 35th century BC in the Near East sees the gradual transition from the Chalcolithic to the Early Bronze Age.
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36th century BC
The 36th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3600 BC to 3501 BC.
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37th century BC
The 37th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3700 BC to 3601 BC.
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38th century BC
The 38th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3800 BC to 3701 BC.
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39th century BC
The 39th century BC was a century which lasted from the year 3900 BC to 3801 BC.
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40th century BC
During the 40th century BC, the Near East and southeastern Europe were in the Chalcolithic period (Copper Age), transitional between the Stone and the Bronze Ages.
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5.9 kiloyear event
A satellite image of the Sahara. The Congolese rainforests lie to its south. The 5.9-kiloyear event was one of the most intense aridification events during the Holocene.
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Redirects here:
3000's B.C., 3100's BC, 4,000 bc, 4000 B.C., 4000 BCE, 4th Millennium BC, 4th millennium B.C., 4th millennium BCE, 6,000 years ago, Fourth millenium BC, Fourth millennium BC, Fourth millennium BCE, Late Chalcolithic.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_millennium_BC
