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349 relations: Acacia, Achaemenid Empire, Afghanistan, Ahmedabad district, Al-Muddathir, Ali, Allah, Allahabad, Almond, American lion, Antoin Sevruguin, Arab culture, Arab world, Arabian Peninsula, Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project, Asiatic wildcat, Assyrian sculpture, Austen Henry Layard, Austria, Avatar, Babylon, Baghdad, Bahawalpur, Balkans, Balochistan, Banaskantha district, Banu Hashim, Barbary lion, Barda Wildlife Sanctuary, Baroda State, Batatotalena Cave, Beersheba, Beijing city fortifications, Bengal, Bengal tiger, Bhikkhu, Bible, Bihar, Binomial nomenclature, Biological dispersal, Bokator, Book of Judges, Breed registry, British Empire, British Indian Army, Cambodia, Canopus, Cape lion, Capital city, Carl Linnaeus, ..., Carnassial, Caspian tiger, Caste, Central African lion, Central India, Central Zoo Authority of India, Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary, Chester Zoo, China, Chinese art, Chinese guardian lions, Chinese New Year, Chinkara, Chinthe, Chital, CITES, Clouded leopard, Coat of arms, Common Era, Cromer Forest Bed, Dakini, Damoh district, Darrah National Park, Deesa, Deserts and xeric shrublands, Dezful, Dharma, DNA profiling, Dublin, Durga, East Africa, East African lion, East Asia, Eastern Europe, Edward Turner Bennett, Edward VII, Egypt, Encyclopædia Iranica, Endangered species, Epic of Gilgamesh, Epidemic, Euphrates, European Association of Zoos and Aquaria, European Endangered Species Programme, Ex situ conservation, Excavation (archaeology), Extinction, Fars Province, Flag of Sri Lanka, Flag of Tibet, Fossil, Founder effect, Four-horned antelope, Frontal bone, Fur, Gautama Buddha, Genetic diversity, Genetic marker, Genetic pollution, Genetic variability, Gestation, Gilgamesh, Gir Forest National Park, Girnar, Goat, God, Gold, Golden jackal, Great Rift Valley, Gujarat, Guna district, Guru Gobind Singh, Gwalior district, Habitat, Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib, Haryana, Hejaz, Helsinki Zoo, Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville, Herbivore, Hijaz Mountains, Hindi, Hindu, Hinduism, Hindustan Times, History of India, History of lions in Europe, Holocene, Hoysala Empire, Hungary, Hybrid (biology), In Situ Conservation in India, Inbreeding, India, Indian hare, Indian leopard, Indian literature, Indian Rebellion of 1857, Indus River, Infanticide, Infraorbital foramen, Iran, Iraq, Iraq national football team, Ishtar Gate, IUCN Red List, Jahangir, Jahrom County, Jainism, Journal of Biogeography, Junagadh district, Jungle cat, Karun, Kenya, Khalsa, Khiva, Khuzestan Plain, Khuzestan Province, Kot Diji, Kshatriya, Kumaragupta I, Lake Parishan, Leo (astrology), Levant, Lion, Lion and Sun, Lion dance, Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal, Lion hunting, Lion of Babylon, Lion of Babylon (statue), List of animal names, Local extinction, London Zoo, Macedonia (region), Madhya Pradesh, Mae Hong Son Province, Mahabharata, Maharashtra, Mahavira, Malay Annals, Malay language, Maldhari, Martial arts, Mating, McGraw-Hill Education, Medina, Mesopotamia, Mitochondrial DNA, Molecular genetics, Morphology (biology), Mount Abu, Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, Muhammad, Musa al-Kadhim, Myanmar, Narasimha, Narmada River, National emblem, National Museum of Ethnology (Netherlands), National Museum, Warsaw, Natural History Museum (Ireland), Nawab of Junagarh, Nawab Wajid Ali Shah Zoological Garden, Nemean lion, Neolithic, Nilgai, Nimrud, Nineveh, North Africa, North America, Occupancy–abundance relationship, Palamu district, Palestine (region), Panchatantra, Panthera leo fossilis, Panthera spelaea, Pantherinae, Paules Edward Pieris Deraniyagala, Persian language, Persian literature, Persian people, Phylogenetics, Phylogeography, Physical comparison of tigers and lions, Pig, Pistachio, Pleistocene, Population, Prakrit, Presidencies and provinces of British India, Pride, Prince Vijaya, Princely state, Proceedings of the Royal Society, Prophets and messengers in Islam, Punjab, Puranas, Quetta, Quran, R. I. Pocock, Rajasthan, Rajput, Ramhormoz, Reproductive health, Rewa (princely state), Rewa, Madhya Pradesh, Rusty-spotted cat, Safavid dynasty, Sagittal crest, Sahabah, Sahara, Sambar deer, Samson, Sang Nila Utama, Sanskrit, Saurashtra (region), Sherabad River, Shiraz, Sihor, Sikh, Sind Province (1936–55), Singapore, Singh, Singur, Sinha, Sinhala Kingdom, Sinhalese people, Sinhapura, Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet, Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary, Skull, Snow leopard, Snow Lion, South Arabia, Southern Africa, Southern African lion, Southern Europe, Species description, Species Survival Plan, Sri Lanka, Sri Lanka lion, Standard Tibetan, State Emblem of India, Steppe, Striped hyena, Sub-Saharan Africa, Sumatra, Supreme Court of India, Sympatry, Synonym, Syria, Syria (region), Tail, Tamils, Telemetry, Territory (animal), Thailand, The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, The Times of India, Thessaly, Tibetan Buddhism, Tibetan Mastiff, Tiger, Tirthankara, Traditional Chinese characters, Transcaucasia, Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests, Tropical rainforest, Turkey, Tympanic part of the temporal bone, Ukraine, Ulna, Ungulate, United Kingdom, University of Minnesota, Uttar Pradesh, Vahana, Veranda, Vishnu, Walters Art Museum, Water buffalo, West African lion, West Bengal, Western Asia, Western India, Wild boar, Wildlife Institute of India, Wildlife of India, Wildlife of Iran, William Loftus, Wylie transliteration, Yuan dynasty, Zagros Mountains, Zürich Zoologischer Garten, Zodiac, Zoological Society of London, Zoological specimen, 5th century BC. Expand index (299 more) »
Acacia
Acacia, commonly known as the wattles or acacias, is a large genus of shrubs and trees in the subfamily Mimosoideae of the pea family Fabaceae.
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Achaemenid Empire
The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.
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Afghanistan
Afghanistan (Pashto/Dari:, Pashto: Afġānistān, Dari: Afġānestān), officially the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan, is a landlocked country located within South Asia and Central Asia.
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Ahmedabad district
Ahmedabad District comprises the city of Ahmedabad, in the central part of the state of Gujarat in western India.
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Al-Muddathir
Sūrat al-Muddathir (سُـورة الـمُـدّثّـر, "Chapter of the Cloaked One" or "Chapter of the Man Wearing a Cloak") is the 74th sura of the Qur’an, with 56 ayat.
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Ali
Ali (ʿAlī) (15 September 601 – 29 January 661) was the cousin and the son-in-law of Muhammad, the last prophet of Islam.
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Allah
Allah (translit) is the Arabic word for God in Abrahamic religions.
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Allahabad
Prayag, or Allahabad is a large metropolitan city in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh and the administrative headquarters of Allahabad District, the most populous district in the state and 13th most populous district in India, and the Allahabad Division.
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Almond
The almond (Prunus dulcis, syn. Prunus amygdalus) is a species of tree native to Mediterranean climate regions of the Middle East, from Syria and Turkey to India and Pakistan, although it has been introduced elsewhere.
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American lion
The American lion (Panthera leo atrox) – also known as the North American cave lion – is an extinct subspecies of lion that lived in North America during the Pleistocene epoch (340,000 to 11,000 years ago).
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Antoin Sevruguin
Antoin Sevruguin (آنتوان سورگین; 1830-1933) was a photographer in Iran during the reign of the Qajar dynasty (1785–1925).
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Arab culture
Arab culture is the culture of the Arabs, from the Atlantic Ocean in the west to the Arabian Sea in the east, and from the Mediterranean Sea.
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Arab world
The Arab world (العالم العربي; formally: Arab homeland, الوطن العربي), also known as the Arab nation (الأمة العربية) or the Arab states, currently consists of the 22 Arab countries of the Arab League.
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Arabian Peninsula
The Arabian Peninsula, simplified Arabia (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, ‘Arabian island’ or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب, ‘Island of the Arabs’), is a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate.
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Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project
The Asiatic Lion Reintroduction Project is an initiative of the Indian Government to provide safeguards to the Asiatic lion (Panthera leo) from extinction in the wild by means of reintroduction.
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Asiatic wildcat
The Asiatic wildcat (Felis lybica ornata) is a African wildcat subspecies that occurs from the eastern Caspian Sea north to Kazakhstan, into western India, western China and southern Mongolia.
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Assyrian sculpture
Assyrian sculpture is the sculpture of the ancient Assyrian states, especially the Neo-Assyrian Empire of 911 to 612 BC, which ruled modern Iraq, Syria, and much of Iran.
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Austen Henry Layard
Sir Austen Henry Layard (5 March 18175 July 1894) was an English traveller, archaeologist, cuneiformist, art historian, draughtsman, collector, politician and diplomat.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Avatar
An avatar (Sanskrit: अवतार, IAST), a concept in Hinduism that means "descent", refers to the material appearance or incarnation of a deity on earth.
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Babylon
Babylon (KA2.DIĜIR.RAKI Bābili(m); Aramaic: בבל, Babel; بَابِل, Bābil; בָּבֶל, Bavel; ܒܒܠ, Bāwēl) was a key kingdom in ancient Mesopotamia from the 18th to 6th centuries BC.
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Baghdad
Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.
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Bahawalpur
Bahawalpur (بہاولپُور; Punjabi), is a city located in the Punjab province of Pakistan.
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Balkans
The Balkans, or the Balkan Peninsula, is a geographic area in southeastern Europe with various and disputed definitions.
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Balochistan
Balōchistān (بلوچستان; also Balūchistān or Balūchestān, often interpreted as the Land of the Baloch) is an arid desert and mountainous region in south-western Asia.
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Banaskantha district
Banaskantha is one among the thirty-three districts of the Gujarat state of India.
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Banu Hashim
Banū Hāshim (بنو هاشم) is a clan in the Quraysh tribe with a unique maternal bloodline of Israelite ancestry through Salma bint Amr of Banu Najjar.
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Barbary lion
The Barbary lion (Panthera leo leo) is the nominate lion subspecies in North Africa.
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Barda Wildlife Sanctuary
Barda Wildlife Sanctuary is located in Gujarat, India.
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Baroda State
Baroda State was a princely state in present-day Gujarat, ruled by the Gaekwad dynasty of the Maratha Confederacy from its formation in 1721 until 1949 when it acceded to the newly formed Union of India.
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Batatotalena Cave
The Batatotalena Cave, also known as the Diva Guhava in Buddhist literature, is a cave system in Sudagala, away from the town of Kuruwita, in the Sabaragamuwa Province of Sri Lanka.
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Beersheba
Beersheba, also spelled Beer-Sheva (בְּאֵר שֶׁבַע; بئر السبع), is the largest city in the Negev desert of southern Israel.
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Beijing city fortifications
The Beijing city fortifications were built between the early 15th century to 1553.
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Bengal
Bengal (Bānglā/Bôngô /) is a geopolitical, cultural and historical region in Asia, which is located in the eastern part of the Indian subcontinent at the apex of the Bay of Bengal.
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Bengal tiger
The Bengal tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is the most numerous tiger subspecies in Asia, and was estimated at fewer than 2,500 individuals by 2011.
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Bhikkhu
A bhikkhu (from Pali, Sanskrit: bhikṣu) is an ordained male monastic ("monk") in Buddhism.
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Bible
The Bible (from Koine Greek τὰ βιβλία, tà biblía, "the books") is a collection of sacred texts or scriptures that Jews and Christians consider to be a product of divine inspiration and a record of the relationship between God and humans.
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Bihar
Bihar is an Indian state considered to be a part of Eastern as well as Northern India.
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Binomial nomenclature
Binomial nomenclature ("two-term naming system") also called nomenclature ("two-name naming system") or binary nomenclature, is a formal system of naming species of living things by giving each a name composed of two parts, both of which use Latin grammatical forms, although they can be based on words from other languages.
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Biological dispersal
Biological dispersal refers to both the movement of individuals (animals, plants, fungi, bacteria, etc.) from their birth site to their breeding site ('natal dispersal'), as well as the movement from one breeding site to another ('breeding dispersal').
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Bokator
Bokator, or more formally, L'bokator (ល្បុក្កតោ) is a Kamen martial art that includes weapon technique.
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Book of Judges
The Book of Judges (Hebrew: Sefer Shoftim ספר שופטים) is the seventh book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament.
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Breed registry
A breed registry, also known as a herdbook, studbook or register, in animal husbandry and the hobby of animal fancy, is an official list of animals within a specific breed whose parents are known.
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British Empire
The British Empire comprised the dominions, colonies, protectorates, mandates and other territories ruled or administered by the United Kingdom and its predecessor states.
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British Indian Army
The Indian Army (IA), often known since 1947 (but rarely during its existence) as the British Indian Army to distinguish it from the current Indian Army, was the principal military of the British Indian Empire before its decommissioning in 1947.
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Cambodia
Cambodia (កម្ពុជា, or Kampuchea:, Cambodge), officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia (ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, prĕəh riəciənaacak kampuciə,; Royaume du Cambodge), is a sovereign state located in the southern portion of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.
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Canopus
Canopus, also designated Alpha Carinae (α Carinae, abbreviated Alpha Car, α Car), is the brightest star in the southern constellation of Carina, and the second-brightest star in the night-time sky, after Sirius.
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Cape lion
The Cape lion (Panthera leo melanochaita) was a subpopulation of the Southern African lion in South Africa's Cape region, which is locally extinct since the mid-19th century.
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Capital city
A capital city (or simply capital) is the municipality exercising primary status in a country, state, province, or other administrative region, usually as its seat of government.
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Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement as Carl von LinnéBlunt (2004), p. 171.
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Carnassial
Carnassials are paired upper and lower teeth (either molars or premolars and molars) modified in such a way as to allow enlarged and often self-sharpening edges to pass by each other in a shearing manner.
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Caspian tiger
The Caspian tiger (Panthera tigris tigris) is an extinct tiger population.
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Caste
Caste is a form of social stratification characterized by endogamy, hereditary transmission of a lifestyle which often includes an occupation, status in a hierarchy, customary social interaction, and exclusion.
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Central African lion
The Central African lion (Panthera leo leo) occurs in Central Africa.
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Central India
Central India is a loosely defined region of India consisting of the states of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.
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Central Zoo Authority of India
The Central Zoo Authority of India (CZA) is the body of the government of India responsible for oversight of zoos.
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Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary
The Chandra Prabha Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as Chandraprabha, is situated in Chandauli district of Uttar Pradesh state in central India.
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Chester Zoo
Chester Zoo is a zoo at Upton by Chester, in Cheshire, England.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chinese art
Chinese art is visual art that, whether ancient or modern, originated in or is practiced in China or by Chinese artists.
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Chinese guardian lions
Chinese guardian lions or Imperial guardian lions, often miscalled "Foo Dogs" in the West, are a common representation of the lion in imperial China.
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Chinese New Year
Chinese New Year, usually known as the Spring Festival in modern China, is an important Chinese festival celebrated at the turn of the traditional lunisolar Chinese calendar.
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Chinkara
The chinkara (Gazella bennettii), also known as the Indian gazelle, is a gazelle species native to Iran, Afghanistan, Pakistan and India.
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Chinthe
The Chinthe (ဇါဒိသိုၚ်,; သၢင်ႇသီႈ) is a leogryph (lion-like creature) that is often seen at the entrances of pagodas and temples in Burma, Cambodia, Laos and is related to the Singha (สิงห์) in Thailand and the Simha (සිංහ) in Sri Lanka as well as to other similar lion statues in other parts of Asia.
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Chital
The chital or cheetal (Axis axis), also known as spotted deer or axis deer, is a species of deer that is native in the Indian subcontinent.
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CITES
CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals.
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Clouded leopard
The clouded leopard (Neofelis nebulosa) is a wild cat occurring from the Himalayan foothills through mainland Southeast Asia into China.
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Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a heraldic visual design on an escutcheon (i.e., shield), surcoat, or tabard.
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Common Era
Common Era or Current Era (CE) is one of the notation systems for the world's most widely used calendar era – an alternative to the Dionysian AD and BC system.
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Cromer Forest Bed
The Cromer Forest Bed consists of river gravels, estuary and floodplain sediments and muds along the coast of Norfolk and Suffolk.
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Dakini
A ḍākinī (хандарма;; alternatively) is a type of spirit in Vajrayana Buddhism.
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Damoh district
Damoh District is a district of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.
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Darrah National Park
Darrah National Park in Rajasthan, India is a national park established in 2004 consisting of three wildlife sanctuaries: Darrah Wildlife Sanctuary, Chambal Wildlife Sanctuary, and Jawahar Sagar Wildlife Sanctuary.
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Deesa
Deesa is a city and a municipality in the Banaskantha district in the state of Gujarat, India.
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Deserts and xeric shrublands
Deserts and xeric shrublands are a biome characterized by receiving only a small amount of moisture, usually defined as less than 250 mm of annual precipitation.
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Dezful
Dezful (دزفول, pronounced, in local dialect دسفیل, also Romanized as Dezfūl and Dezfool; also known as Dīzfūl) is a city and capital of Dezful County, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
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Dharma
Dharma (dharma,; dhamma, translit. dhamma) is a key concept with multiple meanings in the Indian religions – Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, and Sikhism.
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DNA profiling
DNA profiling (also called DNA fingerprinting, DNA testing, or DNA typing) is the process of determining an individual's DNA characteristics, which are as unique as fingerprints.
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Dublin
Dublin is the capital of and largest city in Ireland.
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Durga
Durga, also identified as Adi Parashakti, Devī, Shakti, Bhavani, Parvati, Amba and by numerous other names, is a principal and popular form of Hindu goddess.
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East Africa
East Africa or Eastern Africa is the eastern region of the African continent, variably defined by geography.
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East African lion
The East African lion (Panthera leo melanochaita) occurs in East Africa, but is regionally extinct in Djibouti and Eritrea.
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East Asia
East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural "The East Asian cultural sphere evolves when Japan, Korea, and what is today Vietnam all share adapted elements of Chinese civilization of this period (that of the Tang dynasty), in particular Buddhism, Confucian social and political values, and literary Chinese and its writing system." terms.
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Eastern Europe
Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.
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Edward Turner Bennett
Edward Turner Bennett (6 January 1797 – 21 August 1836) was an English zoologist and writer.
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Edward VII
Edward VII (Albert Edward; 9 November 1841 – 6 May 1910) was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland and Emperor of India from 22 January 1901 until his death in 1910.
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Egypt
Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.
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Encyclopædia Iranica
Encyclopædia Iranica is a project whose goal is to create a comprehensive and authoritative English language encyclopedia about the history, culture, and civilization of Iranian peoples from prehistory to modern times.
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Endangered species
An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.
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Epic of Gilgamesh
The Epic of Gilgamesh is an epic poem from ancient Mesopotamia that is often regarded as the earliest surviving great work of literature.
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Epidemic
An epidemic (from Greek ἐπί epi "upon or above" and δῆμος demos "people") is the rapid spread of infectious disease to a large number of people in a given population within a short period of time, usually two weeks or less.
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Euphrates
The Euphrates (Sumerian: Buranuna; 𒌓𒄒𒉣 Purattu; الفرات al-Furāt; ̇ܦܪܬ Pǝrāt; Եփրատ: Yeprat; פרת Perat; Fırat; Firat) is the longest and one of the most historically important rivers of Western Asia.
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European Association of Zoos and Aquaria
The European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA) is an organisation for the European zoo and aquarium community that links over 340 member organizations in 41 countries.
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European Endangered Species Programme
The European Endangered Species Programme (EEP) is a population management programme for animals kept in European Association of Zoos and Aquaria (EAZA).
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Ex situ conservation
Ex situ conservation literally means, "off-site conservation".
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Excavation (archaeology)
In archaeology, excavation is the exposure, processing and recording of archaeological remains.
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Extinction
In biology, extinction is the termination of an organism or of a group of organisms (taxon), normally a species.
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Fars Province
Pars Province (استان پارس, Ostān-e Pārs) also known as Fars (Persian: فارس) or Persia in the Greek sources in historical context, is one of the thirty-one provinces of Iran and known as the cultural capital of the country.
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Flag of Sri Lanka
The flag of Sri Lanka (translit; translit), also called the Lion Flag or Sinha Flag, consists of a gold lion holding a ''kastane'' sword in its right fore-paw in a maroon background with four gold bo leaves in each corner.
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Flag of Tibet
The Tibetan flag, also known as the "snow lion flag" (gangs seng dar cha), is the national flag of Tibet, adopted by the 13th Dalai Lama in 1916.
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Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
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Founder effect
In population genetics, the founder effect is the loss of genetic variation that occurs when a new population is established by a very small number of individuals from a larger population.
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Four-horned antelope
The four-horned antelope (Tetracerus quadricornis), or chousingha, is a small antelope found in India and Nepal.
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Frontal bone
The frontal bone is a bone in the human skull.
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Fur
Fur is the hair covering of non-human mammals, particularly those mammals with extensive body hair that is soft and thick.
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Gautama Buddha
Gautama Buddha (c. 563/480 – c. 483/400 BCE), also known as Siddhārtha Gautama, Shakyamuni Buddha, or simply the Buddha, after the title of Buddha, was an ascetic (śramaṇa) and sage, on whose teachings Buddhism was founded.
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Genetic diversity
Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.
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Genetic marker
A genetic marker is a gene or DNA sequence with a known location on a chromosome that can be used to identify individuals or species.
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Genetic pollution
Genetic pollution is a controversial term for uncontrolled gene flow into wild populations.
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Genetic variability
Genetic variability is either the presence of, or the generation of, genetic differences.
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Gestation
Gestation is the carrying of an embryo or fetus inside viviparous animals.
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Gilgamesh
Gilgamesh was a historical king of the Sumerian city-state of Uruk, a major hero in ancient Mesopotamian mythology, and the protagonist of the Epic of Gilgamesh, an epic poem written in Akkadian during the late second millennium BC.
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Gir Forest National Park
Gir Forest National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary, also known as Sasan Gir, is a forest and wildlife sanctuary near Talala Gir in Gujarat, India.
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Girnar
Girnar, also known as Girinagar ('city-on-the-hill') or Revatak Parvata, is a group of mountains in the Junagadh District of Gujarat, India, situated near Junagadh.
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Goat
The domestic goat (Capra aegagrus hircus) is a subspecies of goat domesticated from the wild goat of southwest Asia and Eastern Europe.
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God
In monotheistic thought, God is conceived of as the Supreme Being and the principal object of faith.
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Gold
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.
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Golden jackal
The golden jackal (Canis aureus) is a wolf-like canid that is native to Southeast Europe, Southwest Asia, South Asia, and regions of Southeast Asia.
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Great Rift Valley
The Great Rift Valley is a name given to the continuous geographic trench, approximately in length, that runs from Lebanon's Beqaa Valley in Asia to Mozambique in Southeastern Africa.
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Gujarat
Gujarat is a state in Western India and Northwest India with an area of, a coastline of – most of which lies on the Kathiawar peninsula – and a population in excess of 60 million.
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Guna district
Guna district is one of the 51 districts of Madhya Pradesh in central India.
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Guru Gobind Singh
Guru Gobind Singh (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਗੋਬਿੰਦ ਸਿੰਘ) (5 January 1666 – 7 October 1708), born Gobind Rai, was the tenth Sikh Guru, a spiritual master, warrior, poet and philosopher.
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Gwalior district
Gwalior district (ग्वालियर जिला) is one of the 51 districts of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.
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Habitat
In ecology, a habitat is the type of natural environment in which a particular species of organism lives.
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Hamza ibn Abdul-Muttalib
Ḥamzah ibn ‘Abdul-Muṭṭalib (حمزة ابن عبد المطّلب) (c.570–625)Muhammad ibn Saad.
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Haryana
Haryana, carved out of the former state of East Punjab on 1November 1966 on linguistic basis, is one of the 29 states in India.
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Hejaz
The Hejaz (اَلْـحِـجَـاز,, literally "the Barrier"), is a region in the west of present-day Saudi Arabia.
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Helsinki Zoo
Helsinki Zoo (Korkeasaaren eläintarha, Högholmen djurpark) is the largest zoo in Finland, located on the island of Korkeasaari in Helsinki.
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Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville
Henri Marie Ducrotay de Blainville (12 September 1777 – 1 May 1850) was a French zoologist and anatomist.
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Herbivore
A herbivore is an animal anatomically and physiologically adapted to eating plant material, for example foliage, for the main component of its diet.
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Hijaz Mountains
The Hijaz Mountains (Jibāl al-Ḥijāz), or Hejaz Range, is a mountain range located in the Hejazi region of western Saudi Arabia.
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Hindi
Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी, IAST: Hindī), or Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी, IAST: Mānak Hindī) is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language.
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Hindu
Hindu refers to any person who regards themselves as culturally, ethnically, or religiously adhering to aspects of Hinduism.
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Hinduism
Hinduism is an Indian religion and dharma, or a way of life, widely practised in the Indian subcontinent.
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Hindustan Times
Hindustan Times is an Indian English-language daily newspaper founded in 1924 with roots in the Indian independence movement of the period ("Hindustan" being a historical name for India).
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History of India
The history of India includes the prehistoric settlements and societies in the Indian subcontinent; the advancement of civilisation from the Indus Valley Civilisation to the eventual blending of the Indo-Aryan culture to form the Vedic Civilisation; the rise of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism;Sanderson, Alexis (2009), "The Śaiva Age: The Rise and Dominance of Śaivism during the Early Medieval Period." In: Genesis and Development of Tantrism, edited by Shingo Einoo, Tokyo: Institute of Oriental Culture, University of Tokyo, 2009.
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History of lions in Europe
The history of lions in Europe is based on fossils of Pleistocene and Holocene lions excavated in Europe since the early 19th century.
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Hoysala Empire
The Hoysala Empire was a Kannadiga power originating from the Indian subcontinent, that ruled most of the what is now Karnataka, India between the 10th and the 14th centuries.
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Hungary
Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.
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Hybrid (biology)
In biology, a hybrid, or crossbreed, is the result of combining the qualities of two organisms of different breeds, varieties, species or genera through sexual reproduction.
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In Situ Conservation in India
In-situ conservation is the on-site conservation or the conservation of genetic resources in natural populations of plant or animal species, such as forest genetic resources in natural populations of Teagan species.
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Inbreeding
Inbreeding is the production of offspring from the mating or breeding of individuals or organisms that are closely related genetically.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Indian hare
The Indian hare (Lepus nigricollis), also known as the black-naped hare, is a common species of hare found in the Indian Subcontinent and in Java.
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Indian leopard
The Indian leopard (Panthera pardus fusca) is a leopard subspecies widely distributed on the Indian subcontinent.
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Indian literature
Indian literature refers to the literature produced on the Indian subcontinent until 1947 and in the Republic of India thereafter.
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Indian Rebellion of 1857
The Indian Rebellion of 1857 was a major uprising in India between 1857–58 against the rule of the British East India Company, which functioned as a sovereign power on behalf of the British Crown.
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Indus River
The Indus River (also called the Sindhū) is one of the longest rivers in Asia.
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Infanticide
Infanticide (or infant homicide) is the intentional killing of infants.
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Infraorbital foramen
In human anatomy, the infraorbital foramen is an opening in the maxillary bone of the skull located below the infraorbital margin of the orbit.
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Iran
Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).
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Iraq
Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.
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Iraq national football team
The Iraq national football team (المنتخب العراقي لكرة القدم) represents Iraq in international football.
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Ishtar Gate
The Ishtar Gate (بوابة عشتار) was the eighth gate to the inner city of Babylon.
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IUCN Red List
The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, has evolved to become the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species.
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Jahangir
Mirza Nur-ud-din Beig Mohammad Khan Salim مرزا نور الدین محمد خان سلیم, known by his imperial name (جہانگیر) Jahangir (31 August 1569 – 28 October 1627), was the fourth Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1605 until his death in 1627.
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Jahrom County
Jahrom County (شهرستان جهرم) is a county in Fars Province in Iran.
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Jainism
Jainism, traditionally known as Jain Dharma, is an ancient Indian religion.
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Journal of Biogeography
The Journal of Biogeography is a peer-reviewed scientific journal in biogeography that was established in 1974.
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Junagadh district
Junagadh District is a district of the Indian state of Gujarat.
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Jungle cat
The jungle cat (Felis chaus), also called reed cat and swamp cat, is a medium-sized cat native to the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia and southern China.
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Karun
The Kārūn (کارون) is Iran's most effluent and only navigable river.
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Kenya
Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.
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Khalsa
Khalsa (Punjabi: "the pure") refers to both a special group of initiated Sikh warriors, as well as a community that considers Sikhism as its faith.
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Khiva
Khiva (Xiva/Хива, خىۋا; خیوه,; alternative or historical names include Khorasam, Khoresm, Khwarezm, Khwarizm, Khwarazm, Chorezm, and خوارزم) is a city of approximately 50,000 people located in Xorazm Region, Uzbekistan.
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Khuzestan Plain
The Khuzestan Plain is the relatively flat region of Iran where the Khuzestan province and the cities of Ahvaz, Susa and Abadan are located.
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Khuzestan Province
Khuzestan Province (استان خوزستان Ostān-e Khūzestān, محافظة خوزستان Muḥāfaẓa Khūzistān) is one of the 31 provinces of Iran.
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Kot Diji
The ancient site at Kot Diji (کوٹ ڈیجی) was the forerunner of the Indus Civilization.
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Kshatriya
Kshatriya (Devanagari: क्षत्रिय; from Sanskrit kṣatra, "rule, authority") is one of the four varna (social orders) of the Hindu society.
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Kumaragupta I
Kumaragupta I, also known as Shakraditya and Mahendraditya, was an emperor of the Gupta Empire in 415–455 CE.
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Lake Parishan
Parishan Lake is a lake in Iran.
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Leo (astrology)
Leo (♌) (Greek: Λέων, Leōn), is the fifth astrological sign of the zodiac, originating from the constellation of Leo.
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Levant
The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean.
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Lion
The lion (Panthera leo) is a species in the cat family (Felidae).
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Lion and Sun
The Lion and Sun (شیر و خورشید, Shir o Khorshid) is one of the main emblems of Iran (Persia), and formerly was an element in Iran's national flag.
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Lion dance
Lion dance is a form of traditional dance in Chinese culture and other Asian countries in which performers mimic a lion's movements in a lion costume to bring good luck and fortune.
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Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal
The royal Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal is shown on a famous group of Assyrian palace reliefs from the North Palace of Nineveh that are now displayed in room 10a of the British Museum.
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Lion hunting
Lion hunting is the act of hunting lions.
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Lion of Babylon
The Lion of Babylon is an ancient Babylonian symbol.
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Lion of Babylon (statue)
Lion of Babylon is a stone sculpture that was found in the ancient city of Babylon, Iraq.
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List of animal names
Many animals, particularly domesticated, have specific names for males, females, young, and groups.
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Local extinction
Local extinction or extirpation is the condition of a species (or other taxon) that ceases to exist in the chosen geographic area of study, though it still exists elsewhere.
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London Zoo
London Zoo is the world's oldest scientific zoo.
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Macedonia (region)
Macedonia is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan peninsula in southeastern Europe.
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Madhya Pradesh
Madhya Pradesh (MP;; meaning Central Province) is a state in central India.
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Mae Hong Son Province
Mae Hong Son Province (แม่ฮ่องสอน,; formerly called Mae Rong Son), also spelled Maehongson, Mae Hong Sorn or Maehongsorn, is one of the northern provinces (changwat) of Thailand, on the country's western border.
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Mahabharata
The Mahābhārata (महाभारतम्) is one of the two major Sanskrit epics of ancient India, the other being the Rāmāyaṇa.
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Maharashtra
Maharashtra (abbr. MH) is a state in the western region of India and is India's second-most populous state and third-largest state by area.
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Mahavira
Mahavira (IAST), also known as Vardhamāna, was the twenty-fourth Tirthankara (ford-maker) of Jainism which was revived and re-established by him.
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Malay Annals
The Malay Annals (Malay: Sejarah Melayu, Jawi: سجاره ملايو), originally titled Sulalatus Salatin (Genealogy of Kings), is a literary work that gives a romanticised history of the origin, evolution and demise of the great Malay maritime empire, the Malacca Sultanate.
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Malay language
Malay (Bahasa Melayu بهاس ملايو) is a major language of the Austronesian family spoken in Brunei, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore.
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Maldhari
Maldharis are a tribal herdsmen community in Gujarat, India.
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Martial arts
Martial arts are codified systems and traditions of combat practices, which are practiced for a number of reasons: as self-defense, military and law enforcement applications, mental and spiritual development; as well as entertainment and the preservation of a nation's intangible cultural heritage.
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Mating
In biology, mating (or mateing in British English) is the pairing of either opposite-sex or hermaphroditic organisms, usually for the purposes of sexual reproduction.
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McGraw-Hill Education
McGraw-Hill Education (MHE) is a learning science company and one of the "big three" educational publishers that provides customized educational content, software, and services for pre-K through postgraduate education.
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Medina
Medina (المدينة المنورة,, "the radiant city"; or المدينة,, "the city"), also transliterated as Madīnah, is a city in the Hejaz region of the Arabian Peninsula and administrative headquarters of the Al-Madinah Region of Saudi Arabia.
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Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Molecular genetics
Molecular genetics is the field of biology that studies the structure and function of genes at a molecular level and thus employs methods of both molecular biology and genetics.
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Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.
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Mount Abu
Mount Abu is a popular hill station in the Aravalli Range in Sirohi district of Rajasthan state in western India, near the border with Gujarat.
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Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar
Mozaffar ad-Din Shah Qajar, (مظفرالدین شاه قاجار, Mozaffar Ŝāh-e Qājār,; 23 March 1853 – 3 January 1907) was the fifth Qajar king of Persia (Iran), reigning from 1896 until his death in 1907.
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Muhammad
MuhammadFull name: Abū al-Qāsim Muḥammad ibn ʿAbd Allāh ibn ʿAbd al-Muṭṭalib ibn Hāšim (ابو القاسم محمد ابن عبد الله ابن عبد المطلب ابن هاشم, lit: Father of Qasim Muhammad son of Abd Allah son of Abdul-Muttalib son of Hashim) (مُحمّد;;Classical Arabic pronunciation Latinized as Mahometus c. 570 CE – 8 June 632 CE)Elizabeth Goldman (1995), p. 63, gives 8 June 632 CE, the dominant Islamic tradition.
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Musa al-Kadhim
Mūsá ibn Ja‘far al-Kāzim (موسى بن جعفر الكاظم), also called Abūl-Hasan, Abū Abd Allah, Abū Ibrāhīm, and al-Kāzim (the one who controls his anger), was the seventh Shiite Imam after his father Ja'far al-Sadiq.
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Myanmar
Myanmar, officially the Republic of the Union of Myanmar and also known as Burma, is a sovereign state in Southeast Asia.
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Narasimha
Narasimha (Sanskrit: नरसिंह IAST: Narasiṃha, lit. man-lion) is an avatar of the Hindu god Vishnu, one who incarnates in the form of part lion and part man to destroy an evil, end religious persecution and calamity on Earth, thereby restoring Dharma.
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Narmada River
The Narmada, also called the Rewa and previously also known as Nerbudda,even Shankari, is a river in central India and the sixth longest river in the Indian subcontinent.
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National emblem
A national emblem is an emblem or seal that is reserved for use by a nation state or multi-national state as a symbol of that nation.
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National Museum of Ethnology (Netherlands)
The National Museum of Ethnology is a museum about ethnology in the Netherlands is located in the university city of Leiden.
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National Museum, Warsaw
The National Museum in Warsaw (Muzeum Narodowe w Warszawie), popularly abbreviated as MNW, is a national museum in Warsaw, one of the largest museums in Poland and the largest in the capital.
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Natural History Museum (Ireland)
Ireland's Natural History Museum (Músaem Stair an Dúlra), sometimes called the Dead Zoo, a branch of the National Museum of Ireland, is housed on Merrion Street in Dublin, Ireland.
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Nawab of Junagarh
Nawab of Junagarh or Junagadh refers to the now defunct ex- lineage of rulers of the princely Junagadh State in British Raj, nowadays Junagadh district in the state of Gujarat in India.
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Nawab Wajid Ali Shah Zoological Garden
Nawab Wazid Ali Shah Prani Udyan earlier known as Prince of Wales Zoological Gardens or popularly known as Lucknow Zoological Garden (Hindi: लखनऊ चिड़ियाघर, Urdu: لکھنؤ چڑیاگھر Lakhnaū Ciṛiyāghara) is a zoo located in the heart of the capital city of Uttar Pradesh.
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Nemean lion
The Nemean lion (Νεμέος λέων Neméos léōn; Leo Nemeaeus) was a vicious monster in Greek mythology that lived at Nemea.
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Neolithic
The Neolithic was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 10,200 BC, according to the ASPRO chronology, in some parts of Western Asia, and later in other parts of the world and ending between 4500 and 2000 BC.
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Nilgai
The nilgai or blue bull (literally meaning "blue cow"; Boselaphus tragocamelus) is the largest Asian antelope and is endemic to the Indian subcontinent.
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Nimrud
Nimrud (النمرود) is the name that Carsten NiebuhrNiebuhr wrote on:: "Bei Nimrud, einem verfallenen Castell etwa 8 Stunden von Mosul, findet man ein merkwürdigeres Werk.
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Nineveh
Nineveh (𒌷𒉌𒉡𒀀 URUNI.NU.A Ninua); ܢܝܼܢܘܹܐ was an ancient Assyrian city of Upper Mesopotamia, located on the outskirts of Mosul in modern-day northern Iraq.
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North Africa
North Africa is a collective term for a group of Mediterranean countries and territories situated in the northern-most region of the African continent.
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North America
North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.
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Occupancy–abundance relationship
In ecology, the occupancy–abundance (O–A) relationship is the relationship between the abundance of species and the size of their ranges within a region.
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Palamu district
Palamau is one of the twenty-four districts of Jharkhand state, India.
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Palestine (region)
Palestine (فلسطين,,; Παλαιστίνη, Palaistinē; Palaestina; פלשתינה. Palestina) is a geographic region in Western Asia.
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Panchatantra
The Panchatantra (IAST: Pañcatantra, पञ्चतन्त्र, "Five Treatises") is an ancient Indian work of political philosophy, in the form of a collection of interrelated animal fables in Sanskrit verse and prose, arranged within a frame story.
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Panthera leo fossilis
Panthera leo fossilis is a fossil cat of the genus Panthera, which was first excavated near Mauer in Germany, and lived during the Upper Pleistocene.
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Panthera spelaea
Panthera spelaea, formerly referred to as Panthera leo spelaea, is a fossil cat belonging to the genus Panthera, which was described by the German paleontologist Georg August Goldfuss in 1810 under the scientific name Felis spelaea.
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Pantherinae
Pantherinae is a subfamily within the family Felidae, which was named and first described by Reginald Innes Pocock in 1917.
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Paules Edward Pieris Deraniyagala
Dr.
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Persian language
Persian, also known by its endonym Farsi (فارسی), is one of the Western Iranian languages within the Indo-Iranian branch of the Indo-European language family.
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Persian literature
Persian literature (ادبیات فارسی adabiyāt-e fārsi), comprises oral compositions and written texts in the Persian language and it is one of the world's oldest literatures.
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Persian people
The Persians--> are an Iranian ethnic group that make up over half the population of Iran.
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Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.
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Phylogeography
Phylogeography is the study of the historical processes that may be responsible for the contemporary geographic distributions of individuals.
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Physical comparison of tigers and lions
When discussing fights between lions and tigers, a physical comparison of them is often made.
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Pig
A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae.
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Pistachio
The pistachio (Pistacia vera), a member of the cashew family, is a small tree originating from Central Asia and the Middle East.
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Pleistocene
The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.
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Population
In biology, a population is all the organisms of the same group or species, which live in a particular geographical area, and have the capability of interbreeding.
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Prakrit
The Prakrits (प्राकृत; pāuda; pāua) are any of several Middle Indo-Aryan languages formerly spoken in India.
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Presidencies and provinces of British India
The Provinces of India, earlier Presidencies of British India and still earlier, Presidency towns, were the administrative divisions of British governance in the subcontinent.
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Pride
Pride is an inwardly directed emotion that carries two antithetical meanings.
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Prince Vijaya
Prince Vijaya (විජය කුමරු) was a legendary king of Sri Lanka, mentioned in the Pali chronicles, including Mahavamsa.
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Princely state
A princely state, also called native state (legally, under the British) or Indian state (for those states on the subcontinent), was a vassal state under a local or regional ruler in a subsidiary alliance with the British Raj.
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Proceedings of the Royal Society
Proceedings of the Royal Society is the parent title of two scientific journals published by the Royal Society.
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Prophets and messengers in Islam
Prophets in Islam (الأنبياء في الإسلام) include "messengers" (rasul, pl. rusul), bringers of a divine revelation via an angel (Arabic: ملائكة, malāʾikah);Shaatri, A. I. (2007).
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Punjab
The Punjab, also spelled Panjab (land of "five rivers"; Punjabi: پنجاب (Shahmukhi); ਪੰਜਾਬ (Gurumukhi); Πενταποταμία, Pentapotamia) is a geographical and cultural region in the northern part of the Indian subcontinent, comprising areas of eastern Pakistan and northern India.
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Puranas
The Puranas (singular: पुराण), are ancient Hindu texts eulogizing various deities, primarily the divine Trimurti God in Hinduism through divine stories.
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Quetta
Quetta (کوټه; کویته; کوٹه; کوئٹہ) is the provincial capital and largest city of Balochistan, Pakistan.
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Quran
The Quran (القرآن, literally meaning "the recitation"; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah).
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R. I. Pocock
Reginald Innes Pocock F.R.S. (4 March 1863 – 9 August 1947) was a British zoologist.
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Rajasthan
Rajasthan (literally, "Land of Kings") is India's largest state by area (or 10.4% of India's total area).
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Rajput
Rajput (from Sanskrit raja-putra, "son of a king") is a large multi-component cluster of castes, kin bodies, and local groups, sharing social status and ideology of genealogical descent originating from the Indian subcontinent.
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Ramhormoz
Ramhormoz (Lurish: روومز – Rümez; Persian: رامهرمز; also Romanized as Rāmhormoz and Rām Hormuz; also known as Rāmuz) is the capital city of Ramhormoz County, Khuzestan Province, Iran.
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Reproductive health
Within the framework of the World Health Organization's (WHO) definition of health as a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity, reproductive health, or sexual health/hygiene, addresses the reproductive processes, functions and system at all stages of life.
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Rewa (princely state)
Rewa State, also known as Rewah, was a princely state of India, surrounding its eponymous capital, the town of Rewa.
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Rewa, Madhya Pradesh
Rewa is a city in the north-eastern part of Madhya Pradesh state in India.
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Rusty-spotted cat
The rusty-spotted cat (Prionailurus rubiginosus) is one of the cat family's smallest members, of which historical records are known only from India and Sri Lanka.
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Safavid dynasty
The Safavid dynasty (دودمان صفوی Dudmān e Safavi) was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran, often considered the beginning of modern Iranian history.
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Sagittal crest
A sagittal crest is a ridge of bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull (at the sagittal suture) of many mammalian and reptilian skulls, among others.
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Sahabah
The term (الصحابة meaning "the companions", from the verb صَحِبَ meaning "accompany", "keep company with", "associate with") refers to the companions, disciples, scribes and family of the Islamic prophet Muhammad.
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Sahara
The Sahara (الصحراء الكبرى,, 'the Great Desert') is the largest hot desert and the third largest desert in the world after Antarctica and the Arctic.
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Sambar deer
The sambar (Rusa unicolor) is a large deer native to the Indian subcontinent, southern China, and Southeast Asia that is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 2008.
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Samson
Samson (Shimshon, "man of the sun") was the last of the judges of the ancient Israelites mentioned in the Book of Judges in the Hebrew Bible (chapters 13 to 16) and one of the last of the leaders who "judged" Israel before the institution of the monarchy.
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Sang Nila Utama
Sang Nila Utama is a Srivijaya prince from Palembang said to have founded the Kingdom of Singapura in 1299.
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Sanskrit
Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.
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Saurashtra (region)
Saurashtra, also known as Sorath or Kathiawar, is a peninsular region of Gujarat, India, located on the Arabian Sea coast.
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Sherabad River
The Sherabad River, Shirabad River, Sherabad Darya or Shirabad Darya.
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Shiraz
Shiraz (fa, Šīrāz) is the fifth-most-populous city of Iran and the capital of Fars Province (Old Persian as Pars).
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Sihor
Sihor is a town, a municipality in Bhavnagar district in the Indian state of Gujarat.
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Sikh
A Sikh (ਸਿੱਖ) is a person associated with Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that originated in the 15th century based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.
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Sind Province (1936–55)
Sind was a province of British India from 1936 to 1947 and Pakistan from 1947 to 1955.
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Singapore
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia.
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Singh
Singh (IPA), is a title, middle name, or surname which originated in India.
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Singur
Singur (pronounced Shinggur) is a census town in Singur CD Block in Chandannagore subdivision of Hooghly district in the Indian state of West Bengal.
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Sinha
Sinha is a Sanskrit term, it originates in the Indian subcontinent, common in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh and Pakistan, covering south Asia.
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Sinhala Kingdom
The Sinhala Kingdom or Sinhalese Kingdom refers to the successive Sinhalese kingdoms that existed in what is today Sri Lanka.
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Sinhalese people
The Sinhalese (Sinhala: සිංහල ජාතිය Sinhala Jathiya, also known as Hela) are an Indo-Aryan-speaking ethnic group native to the island of Sri Lanka.
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Sinhapura
Sinhapura (Sanskrit, "Lion City"; IAST: Siṃhapura) was the capital of the legendary Indian king Sinhabahu.
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Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet
Sir William Jardine, 7th Baronet of Applegarth FRS FRSE FLS FSA (23 February 1800 – 21 November 1874) was a Scottish naturalist.
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Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary
The Sita Mata Wildlife Sanctuary is a wildlife sanctuary situated in the Pratapgarh district in Rajasthan, India, declared as a protected forest area by the Government of Rajasthan Notification No.
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Skull
The skull is a bony structure that forms the head in vertebrates.
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Snow leopard
The snow leopard or ounce (Panthera uncia) is a large cat native to the mountain ranges of Central and South Asia.
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Snow Lion
The Snow Lion, sometimes also Snowlion, is a celestial animal of Tibet.
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South Arabia
South Arabia is a historical region that consists of the southern region of the Arabian Peninsula, mainly centered in what is now the Republic of Yemen, yet it has also historically included Najran, Jizan, and 'Asir, which are presently in Saudi Arabia, and the Dhofar of present-day Oman.
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Southern Africa
Southern Africa is the southernmost region of the African continent, variably defined by geography or geopolitics, and including several countries.
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Southern African lion
The Southern African lion (Panthera leo melanochaita) is a lion subspecies in Southern Africa.
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Southern Europe
Southern Europe is the southern region of the European continent.
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Species description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper.
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Species Survival Plan
The American Species Survival Plan or SSP program was developed in 1981 by the (American) Association of Zoos and Aquariums to help ensure the survival of selected species in zoos and aquariums, most of which are threatened or endangered in the wild.
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Sri Lanka
Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.
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Sri Lanka lion
The Sri Lankan lion (Panthera leo sinhaleyus), also known as the Ceylon lion, is an extinct prehistoric subspecies of lion, endemic to Sri Lanka.
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Standard Tibetan
Standard Tibetan is the most widely spoken form of the Tibetic languages.
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State Emblem of India
The State Emblem of India, as the national emblem of India is called, is an adaptation of the Lion Capital of Ashoka at Sarnath, preserved in the Varanasi Sarnath Museum in India.
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Steppe
In physical geography, a steppe (p) is an ecoregion, in the montane grasslands and shrublands and temperate grasslands, savannas and shrublands biomes, characterized by grassland plains without trees apart from those near rivers and lakes.
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Striped hyena
The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) is a species of hyena native to North and East Africa, the Middle East, the Caucasus, Central Asia and the Indian subcontinent.
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Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.
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Sumatra
Sumatra is an Indonesian island in Southeast Asia that is part of the Sunda Islands.
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Supreme Court of India
The Supreme Court of India is the highest judicial forum and final court of appeal under the Constitution of India, the highest constitutional court, with the power of constitutional review.
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Sympatry
In biology, two species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another.
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Synonym
A synonym is a word or phrase that means exactly or nearly the same as another word or phrase in the same language.
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Syria
Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.
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Syria (region)
The historic region of Syria (ash-Shām, Hieroglyphic Luwian: Sura/i; Συρία; in modern literature called Greater Syria, Syria-Palestine, or the Levant) is an area located east of the Mediterranean sea.
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Tail
The tail is the section at the rear end of an animal's body; in general, the term refers to a distinct, flexible appendage to the torso.
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Tamils
The Tamil people, also known as Tamilar, Tamilans, or simply Tamils, are a Dravidian ethnic group who speak Tamil as their mother tongue and trace their ancestry to the Indian state of Tamil Nadu, the Indian Union territory of Puducherry, or the Northern, Eastern Province and Puttalam District of Sri Lanka.
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Telemetry
Telemetry is an automated communications process by which measurements and other data are collected at remote or inaccessible points and transmitted to receiving equipment for monitoring.
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Territory (animal)
In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against conspecifics (or, occasionally, animals of other species).
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Thailand
Thailand, officially the Kingdom of Thailand and formerly known as Siam, is a unitary state at the center of the Southeast Asian Indochinese peninsula composed of 76 provinces.
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The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology
The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology is a scientific journal published by the Lee Kong Chian Natural History Museum in Singapore.
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The Times of India
The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.
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Thessaly
Thessaly (Θεσσαλία, Thessalía; ancient Thessalian: Πετθαλία, Petthalía) is a traditional geographic and modern administrative region of Greece, comprising most of the ancient region of the same name.
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Tibetan Buddhism
Tibetan Buddhism is the form of Buddhist doctrine and institutions named after the lands of Tibet, but also found in the regions surrounding the Himalayas and much of Central Asia.
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Tibetan Mastiff
The Tibetan Mastiff is a large Tibetan dog breed (Canis lupus familiaris) (Tibetan: དོ་ཁྱི, Chinese: 藏獒; Pinyin: Zàng áo).
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Tiger
The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, most recognizable for its pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside.
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Tirthankara
In Jainism, a tirthankara (Sanskrit:; English: literally a 'ford-maker') is a saviour and spiritual teacher of the dharma (righteous path).
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Traditional Chinese characters
Traditional Chinese characters (Pinyin) are Chinese characters in any character set that does not contain newly created characters or character substitutions performed after 1946.
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Transcaucasia
Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.
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Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests
The tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forest biome, also known as tropical dry forest, monsoon forest, vine thicket, vine scrub and dry rainforest is located at tropical and subtropical latitudes.
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Tropical rainforest
Tropical rainforests are rainforests that occur in areas of tropical rainforest climate in which there is no dry season – all months have an average precipitation of at least 60 mm – and may also be referred to as lowland equatorial evergreen rainforest.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Tympanic part of the temporal bone
The tympanic part of the temporal bone is a curved plate of bone lying below the squamous part of the temporal bone, in front of the mastoid process, and surrounding the external part of the ear canal.
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Ukraine
Ukraine (Ukrayina), sometimes called the Ukraine, is a sovereign state in Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the east and northeast; Belarus to the northwest; Poland, Hungary, and Slovakia to the west; Romania and Moldova to the southwest; and the Black Sea and Sea of Azov to the south and southeast, respectively.
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Ulna
The ulna is a long bone found in the forearm that stretches from the elbow to the smallest finger, and when in anatomical position, is found on the medial side of the forearm.
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Ungulate
Ungulates (pronounced) are any members of a diverse group of primarily large mammals that includes odd-toed ungulates such as horses and rhinoceroses, and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, camels, deer, and hippopotami.
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United Kingdom
The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.
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University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities (often referred to as the University of Minnesota, Minnesota, the U of M, UMN, or simply the U) is a public research university in Minneapolis and Saint Paul, Minnesota.
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Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh (IAST: Uttar Pradeś) is a state in northern India.
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Vahana
Vahana (वाहन,, literally "that which carries, that which pulls") denotes the being, typically an animal or mythical entity, a particular Hindu deity is said to use as a vehicle.
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Veranda
A veranda or verandah (from Bengali baranda) is a roofed, open-air gallery or porch.
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Vishnu
Vishnu (Sanskrit: विष्णु, IAST) is one of the principal deities of Hinduism, and the Supreme Being in its Vaishnavism tradition.
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Walters Art Museum
The Walters Art Museum, located in Mount Vernon-Belvedere, Baltimore, Maryland, United States, is a public art museum founded and opened in 1934.
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Water buffalo
The water buffalo (Bubalus bubalis) or domestic Asian water buffalo is a large bovid originating in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and China.
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West African lion
The West African lion (Panthera leo leo) is a lion population in West Africa that is listed as Critically Endangered on the IUCN Red List.
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West Bengal
West Bengal (Paśchimbāṅga) is an Indian state, located in Eastern India on the Bay of Bengal.
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Western Asia
Western Asia, West Asia, Southwestern Asia or Southwest Asia is the westernmost subregion of Asia.
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Western India
Western India is a loosely defined region of India consisting of its western part.
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Wild boar
The wild boar (Sus scrofa), also known as the wild swine,Heptner, V. G.; Nasimovich, A. A.; Bannikov, A. G.; Hoffman, R. S. (1988), Volume I, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, pp.
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Wildlife Institute of India
The Wildlife Institute of India (WII) is an autonomous institution under the Ministry of Environment Forest and Climate change, Government of India.
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Wildlife of India
India prides for a variety of animal life.
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Wildlife of Iran
The wildlife of Iran has first been partly described by Hamdallah Mustawfi in the 14th century who only referred to animals.
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William Loftus
William Kennett Loftus (13 November 1820, Linton, Kent – 27 November 1858, at sea) was a British geologist, naturalist, explorer and archaeological excavator.
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Wylie transliteration
The Wylie transliteration scheme is a method for transliterating Tibetan script using only the letters available on a typical English language typewriter.
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Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Yehe Yuan Ulus), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.
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Zagros Mountains
The Zagros Mountains (کوههای زاگرس; چیاکانی زاگرۆس) form the largest mountain range in Iran, Iraq and southeastern Turkey.
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Zürich Zoologischer Garten
The Zürich Zoologischer Garten (Zürich Zoological Garden) is a zoo located in Zürich, Switzerland.
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Zodiac
The zodiac is an area of the sky that extends approximately 8° north or south (as measured in celestial latitude) of the ecliptic, the apparent path of the Sun across the celestial sphere over the course of the year.
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Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats.
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Zoological specimen
A zoological specimen is an animal or part of an animal preserved for scientific use.
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5th century BC
The 5th century BC started the first day of 500 BC and ended the last day of 401 BC.
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Redirects here:
Anatolian lion, Asian Lion, Asian lion, Asiatic Lion, Asiatic Lions, Asiatic lions, Assyrian lion, Bengal lion, Eurasian lion, Felis leo bengalensis, Gir Lion, Gir lion, Indian Lion, Indian Lions, Indian lion, Iraqi lion, Lions of the Near East, Melanistic Asiatic lion, Mesopotamian lion, P. leo persica, Panthera leo asiaticus, Panthera leo goojratensis, Panthera leo mesopotamica, Panthera leo persica, Persian Lion, Persian lion, Syrian lion.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Asiatic_lion
