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72 relations: Admiralty, Allies of World War II, Anti-aircraft warfare, Armstrong Whitworth Whitley, Avro Lancaster, Avro Manchester, Battle of the Atlantic, Bomber Command, Bomber stream, Bristol Blenheim, Buer, Germany, Cologne, Düsseldorf, De Havilland Mosquito, Eighth Air Force, Euskirchen, Fire department, Firestorm, Friendly fire, Gee (navigation), Gelsenkirchen, Gereon, Germany, Ground-controlled interception, H2S (radar), Hamburg, Handley Page Halifax, Handley Page Hampden, Heavy bomber, Incendiary device, Intruder (air combat), Jagdgeschwader 300, Kammhuber Line, Knapsack, Germany, Le Creusot, Leslie Manser, London, Luftwaffe, Mülheim, Medium bomber, Morale, Night fighter, Ninth Air Force, No. 1 Group RAF, No. 105 Squadron RAF, No. 3 Group RAF, No. 4 Group RAF, No. 5 Group RAF, Oboe (navigation), Operation Hurricane (1944), ..., Operations research, Pathfinder (RAF), Propaganda, RAF Bomber Command, RAF Coastal Command, RAF Training Command, Rhine, Royal Air Force, Royal Navy, Short Stirling, Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet, Strategic bombing during World War II, The Blitz, U-boat, United States Army Air Forces, Vickers Wellington, Victoria Cross, War cabinet, Wesseling, Wilde Sau, World War II, 303d Air Expeditionary Group. Expand index (22 more) »
Admiralty
The Admiralty, originally known as the Office of the Admiralty and Marine Affairs, was the government department responsible for the command of the Royal Navy firstly in the Kingdom of England, secondly in the Kingdom of Great Britain, and from 1801 to 1964, the United Kingdom and former British Empire.
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Allies of World War II
The Allies of World War II, called the United Nations from the 1 January 1942 declaration, were the countries that together opposed the Axis powers during the Second World War (1939–1945).
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Anti-aircraft warfare
Anti-aircraft warfare or counter-air defence is defined by NATO as "all measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of hostile air action."AAP-6 They include ground-and air-based weapon systems, associated sensor systems, command and control arrangements and passive measures (e.g. barrage balloons).
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Armstrong Whitworth Whitley
The Armstrong Whitworth A.W.38 Whitley was one of three British twin-engined, front line medium bomber types that were in service with the Royal Air Force (RAF) at the outbreak of the Second World War.
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Avro Lancaster
The Avro Lancaster is a British four-engined Second World War heavy bomber.
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Avro Manchester
The Avro 679 Manchester was a British twin-engine medium bomber developed and manufactured by the Avro aircraft company in the United Kingdom.
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Battle of the Atlantic
The Battle of the Atlantic was the longest continuous military campaign in World War II, running from 1939 to the defeat of Germany in 1945.
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Bomber Command
Bomber Command is an organisational military unit, generally subordinate to the air force of a country.
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Bomber stream
The bomber stream was a saturation attack tactic developed by the Royal Air Force (RAF) Bomber Command to overwhelm the night time German aerial defences of the Kammhuber Line during World War II.
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Bristol Blenheim
The Bristol Blenheim is a British light bomber aircraft designed and built by the Bristol Aeroplane Company (Bristol) which was used extensively in the first two years and in some cases throughout the Second World War.
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Buer, Germany
Buer is the largest suburb of Gelsenkirchen.
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Cologne
Cologne (Köln,, Kölle) is the largest city in the German federal state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the fourth most populated city in Germany (after Berlin, Hamburg, and Munich).
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Düsseldorf
Düsseldorf (Low Franconian, Ripuarian: Düsseldörp), often Dusseldorf in English sources, is the capital city of the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia and the seventh most populous city in Germany. Düsseldorf is an international business and financial centre, renowned for its fashion and trade fairs.
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De Havilland Mosquito
The de Havilland DH.98 Mosquito is a British twin-engine shoulder-winged multi-role combat aircraft.
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Eighth Air Force
The Eighth Air Force (Air Forces Strategic) (8 AF) is a numbered air force (NAF) of the United States Air Force's Air Force Global Strike Command (AFGSC).
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Euskirchen
Euskirchen is a town in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany, capital of the district Euskirchen.
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Fire department
A fire department (American English) or fire brigade (British English), also known as a fire protection district, fire authority or fire and rescue service is an organization that primarily provides firefighting services for a specific geographic area.
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Firestorm
A firestorm is a conflagration which attains such intensity that it creates and sustains its own wind system.
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Friendly fire
Friendly fire is an attack by a military force on non-enemy, own, allied or neutral, forces while attempting to attack the enemy, either by misidentifying the target as hostile, or due to errors or inaccuracy.
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Gee (navigation)
Gee, sometimes written GEE, was a radio navigation system used by the Royal Air Force during World War II.
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Gelsenkirchen
Gelsenkirchen is a city in the North Rhine-Westphalia state of Germany.
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Gereon
Saint Gereon of Cologne (Géréon), who may have been a soldier, was martyred at Cologne by beheading, probably in the early 4th century.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Ground-controlled interception
Ground-controlled interception (GCI) is an air defence tactic whereby one or more radar stations or other observational stations are linked to a command communications centre which guides interceptor aircraft to an airborne target.
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H2S (radar)
H2S was the first airborne, ground scanning radar system.
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Hamburg
Hamburg (locally), Hamborg, officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Friee un Hansestadt Hamborg),Constitution of Hamburg), is the second-largest city of Germany as well as one of the country's 16 constituent states, with a population of roughly 1.8 million people. The city lies at the core of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region which spreads across four German federal states and is home to more than five million people. The official name reflects Hamburg's history as a member of the medieval Hanseatic League, a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire, a city-state and one of the 16 states of Germany. Before the 1871 Unification of Germany, it was a fully sovereign state. Prior to the constitutional changes in 1919 it formed a civic republic headed constitutionally by a class of hereditary grand burghers or Hanseaten. The city has repeatedly been beset by disasters such as the Great Fire of Hamburg, exceptional coastal flooding and military conflicts including World War II bombing raids. Historians remark that the city has managed to recover and emerge wealthier after each catastrophe. Situated on the river Elbe, Hamburg is home to Europe's second-largest port and a broad corporate base. In media, the major regional broadcasting firm NDR, the printing and publishing firm italic and the newspapers italic and italic are based in the city. Hamburg remains an important financial center, the seat of Germany's oldest stock exchange and the world's oldest merchant bank, Berenberg Bank. Media, commercial, logistical, and industrial firms with significant locations in the city include multinationals Airbus, italic, italic, italic, and Unilever. The city is a forum for and has specialists in world economics and international law with such consular and diplomatic missions as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the EU-LAC Foundation, and the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. In recent years, the city has played host to multipartite international political conferences and summits such as Europe and China and the G20. Former German Chancellor italic, who governed Germany for eight years, and Angela Merkel, German chancellor since 2005, come from Hamburg. The city is a major international and domestic tourist destination. It ranked 18th in the world for livability in 2016. The Speicherstadt and Kontorhausviertel were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 2015. Hamburg is a major European science, research, and education hub, with several universities and institutions. Among its most notable cultural venues are the italic and italic concert halls. It gave birth to movements like Hamburger Schule and paved the way for bands including The Beatles. Hamburg is also known for several theatres and a variety of musical shows. St. Pauli's italic is among the best-known European entertainment districts.
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Handley Page Halifax
The Handley Page Halifax was a Royal Air Force (RAF) four-engined heavy bomber of the Second World War.
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Handley Page Hampden
The Handley Page HP.52 Hampden was a British twin-engine medium bomber of the Royal Air Force (RAF).
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Heavy bomber
Heavy bombers are bomber aircraft capable of delivering the largest payload of air-to-ground weaponry (usually bombs) and longest range of their era.
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Incendiary device
Incendiary weapons, incendiary devices or incendiary bombs are weapons designed to start fires or destroy sensitive equipment using fire (and sometimes used as anti-personnel weaponry), that use materials such as napalm, thermite, magnesium powder, chlorine trifluoride, or white phosphorus.
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Intruder (air combat)
In military aviation, an intruder is a fighter aircraft or light bomber, often a night fighter, the crew of which are tasked with penetrating deep into enemy airspace to disrupt enemy air operations.
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Jagdgeschwader 300
Jagdgeschwader 300 (JG 300) was a Luftwaffe fighter-wing of World War II.
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Kammhuber Line
The Kammhuber Line was the Allied name given to the German night air defense system established in July 1940 by Colonel Josef Kammhuber.
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Knapsack, Germany
Knapsack is a locality of Hürth, Rhine-Erft district, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.
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Le Creusot
Le Creusot is a commune in the Saône-et-Loire department in the region of Bourgogne in eastern France.
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Leslie Manser
Leslie Thomas Manser VC (11 May 1922 – 31 May 1942) was a British bomber pilot and recipient of the Victoria Cross, which was awarded posthumously following an attack on the German city of Cologne.
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London
London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.
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Luftwaffe
The Luftwaffe was the aerial warfare branch of the combined German Wehrmacht military forces during World War II.
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Mülheim
Mülheim an der Ruhr, also described as "City on the River", is a city in North Rhine-Westphalia in Germany.
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Medium bomber
A medium bomber is a military bomber aircraft designed to operate with medium-sized bombloads over medium range distances; the name serves to distinguish this type from larger heavy bombers and smaller light bombers.
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Morale
Morale, also known as esprit de corps, is the capacity of a group's members to maintain belief in an institution or goal, particularly in the face of opposition or hardship.
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Night fighter
A night fighter (also known as all-weather fighter or all-weather interceptor for a period of time post-World War II) is a fighter aircraft adapted for use at night or in other times of bad visibility.
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Ninth Air Force
The Ninth Air Force (9 AF) is a numbered air force of the United States Air Force's Air Combat Command (ACC).
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No. 1 Group RAF
No.
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No. 105 Squadron RAF
No.
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No. 3 Group RAF
No.
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No. 4 Group RAF
No.
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No. 5 Group RAF
No.
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Oboe (navigation)
Oboe was a British aerial blind bombing targeting system in World War II, based on radio transponder technology.
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Operation Hurricane (1944)
Operation Hurricane was a 24-hour bombing operation to "demonstrate to the enemy in Germany generally the overwhelming superiority of the Allied Air Forces in this theatre" (in the directive to Harris ACO RAF Bomber Command)Bishop p. 334.
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Operations research
Operations research, or operational research in British usage, is a discipline that deals with the application of advanced analytical methods to help make better decisions.
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Pathfinder (RAF)
The Pathfinders were target-marking squadrons in RAF Bomber Command during World War II.
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Propaganda
Propaganda is information that is not objective and is used primarily to influence an audience and further an agenda, often by presenting facts selectively to encourage a particular synthesis or perception, or using loaded language to produce an emotional rather than a rational response to the information that is presented.
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RAF Bomber Command
RAF Bomber Command controlled the RAF's bomber forces from 1936 to 1968.
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RAF Coastal Command
RAF Coastal Command was a formation within the Royal Air Force (RAF).
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RAF Training Command
Training Command was the RAF's command responsible for flying and ground training from 1936 to 1940 and again from 1968 to 1977.
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Rhine
--> The Rhine (Rhenus, Rein, Rhein, le Rhin,, Italiano: Reno, Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea.
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Royal Air Force
The Royal Air Force (RAF) is the United Kingdom's aerial warfare force.
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Royal Navy
The Royal Navy (RN) is the United Kingdom's naval warfare force.
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Short Stirling
The Short Stirling was a British four-engined heavy bomber of the Second World War.
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Sir Arthur Harris, 1st Baronet
Marshal of the Royal Air Force Sir Arthur Travers Harris, 1st Baronet, (13 April 1892 – 5 April 1984), commonly known as "Bomber" Harris by the press and often within the RAF as "Butcher" Harris, was Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C) RAF Bomber Command during the height of the Anglo-American strategic bombing campaign against Nazi Germany in the Second World War.
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Strategic bombing during World War II
Strategic bombing during World War II was the sustained aerial attack on railways, harbours, cities, workers' housing, and industrial districts in enemy territory during World War II.
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The Blitz
The Blitz was a German bombing offensive against Britain in 1940 and 1941, during the Second World War.
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U-boat
U-boat is an anglicised version of the German word U-Boot, a shortening of Unterseeboot, literally "undersea boat".
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United States Army Air Forces
The United States Army Air Forces (USAAF or AAF), informally known as the Air Force, was the aerial warfare service of the United States of America during and immediately after World War II (1939/41–1945), successor to the previous United States Army Air Corps and the direct predecessor of the United States Air Force of today, one of the five uniformed military services.
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Vickers Wellington
The Vickers Wellington was a British twin-engined, long-range medium bomber.
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Victoria Cross
The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest award of the British honours system.
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War cabinet
A war cabinet is a committee formed by a government in a time of war.
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Wesseling
Wesseling is an industrial German city on the Rhine bordering Cologne city on the south.
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Wilde Sau
Wilde Sau (German for wild boar) was the term given by the Luftwaffe to the tactic used from 1943 to 1944 during World War II by which British night bombers were engaged by single-seat day-fighter aircraft flying in the Defence of the Reich.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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303d Air Expeditionary Group
The 303d Air Expeditionary Group is a provisional United States Air Force unit.
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Redirects here:
Bombing of Cologne, Bombing of cologne in world war ii, Millennium Offensive, Operation Millenium, Operation Millennium.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombing_of_Cologne_in_World_War_II
