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Bonobo

Index Bonobo

The bonobo (Pan paniscus), formerly called the pygmy chimpanzee and less often, the dwarf or gracile chimpanzee, is an endangered great ape and one of the two species making up the genus Pan; the other is Pan troglodytes, or the common chimpanzee. [1]

162 relations: Africa, African forest elephant, African Wildlife Foundation, Altruism, Amenorrhea, Amygdala, Animal Behaviour (journal), Animal Diversity Web, Anomalure, Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative, Apenheul Primate Park, Audio frequency, Australopithecus, Basankusu, BBC News, Bioethics, Bolobo, Bonobo Conservation Initiative, Bushmeat, Chicago Tribune, Chimpanzee, Chimpanzee genome project, Chromosomal translocation, Clade, Cladistics, Claudine André, Clitoris, Common chimpanzee, Compassion, Conflict resolution, Congo Basin, Congo River, Conservation International, Cuvette Centrale, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Duiker, East African Rift, Eduard Paul Tratz, Empathy, Endangered species, Ernst Schwarz, Estrous cycle, Ethology, First Congo War, Fission–fusion society, Flying squirrel, Frans de Waal, Frans Lanting, French kiss, Freshwater swamp forest, ..., Frot, Frugivore, Gene pool, Genetic diversity, Genus, Geography of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, Gorilla, Gracility, Great ape personhood, Great Ape Project, Greeting, Group size measures, Habitat destruction, Habituation, Harold Jefferson Coolidge Jr., Heinz Heck, Holocene, Hominidae, Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, Human, Human evolution, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Invertebrate, IUCN Red List, Jared Diamond, Jeremy Griffith, John Wiley & Sons, Jonathan Balcombe, Kanzi, Kasai River, Kenya, Kinshasa, List of individual apes, Lola ya Bonobo, Lopori River, Lulonga River, Make love, not war, Maringa River, Matriarchy, Max Planck Society, Mbandaka, Milwaukee, Mirror test, Monogamy, Morris Goodman, National Human Genome Research Institute, National Museum of Natural History, Nature (journal), Neoteny, New Scientist, Non-governmental organization, Nova (TV series), Old-growth forest, Omnivore, Panbanisha, Penis fencing, Perineum, Person, Peter Singer, Philosopher, Pleistocene, PLOS One, Poaching, Primate, Primates (journal), Principle of Priority, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, Pygmy peoples, Right to life, Rive Gauche, Riverhead Books, Robert Yerkes, Roger Lewin, Royal Museum for Central Africa, Sahelanthropus, Salonga National Park, San Diego Zoo, Scientific American, Second Congo War, Secondary forest, Sensory processing, Sex position, Sexual swelling, Simian immunodeficiency virus, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Skull, Smithsonian Institution, Speciation, Species, Spectroscopy, Stanford University Press, Sue Savage-Rumbaugh, Susan Block, Svante Pääbo, Takayoshi Kano, Taxonomy (biology), The Atlantic, The Economist, The New York Times, The New Yorker, The Third Chimpanzee, Tribadism, University of California Press, University of New Hampshire, Vanessa Woods, Vertebrate, W. W. Norton & Company, Walking, Wayne State University, World Wide Fund for Nature, Yerkish. Expand index (112 more) »

Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).

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African forest elephant

The African forest elephant (Loxodonta cyclotis) is a forest-dwelling species of elephant found in the Congo Basin.

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African Wildlife Foundation

The African Wildlife Foundation (AWF), founded in 1961 as the African Wildlife Leadership Foundation, is an international conservation organization that focuses on critically important landscapes in Africa.

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Altruism

Altruism is the principle and moral practice of concern for happiness of other human beings, resulting in a quality of life both material and spiritual.

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Amenorrhea

Amenorrhoea is the absence of a menstrual period in a woman of reproductive age.

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Amygdala

The amygdala (plural: amygdalae; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'Almond', 'tonsil') is one of two almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans.

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Animal Behaviour (journal)

Animal Behaviour is a double-blind peer-reviewed scientific journal established in 1953 as The British Journal of Animal Behaviour, before obtaining its current title in 1958.

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Animal Diversity Web

Animal Diversity Web (ADW) is an online database that collects the natural history, classification, species characteristics, conservation biology, and distribution information on thousands of species of animals.

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Anomalure

The Anomaluridae are a family of rodents found in central Africa.

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Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative

Ape Cognition and Conservation Initiative is a sanctuary and scientific research facility in Des Moines, Iowa.

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Apenheul Primate Park

Apenheul Primate Park is a zoo in Apeldoorn, Netherlands.

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Audio frequency

An audio frequency (abbreviation: AF) or audible frequency is characterized as a periodic vibration whose frequency is audible to the average human.

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Australopithecus

Australopithecus (informal australopithecine or australopith, although the term australopithecine has a broader meaning as a member of the subtribe Australopithecina which includes this genus as well as Paranthropus, Kenyanthropus, Ardipithecus, and Praeanthropus) is an extinct genus of hominins.

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Basankusu

Basankusu is a town in Équateur Province, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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BBC News

BBC News is an operational business division of the British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) responsible for the gathering and broadcasting of news and current affairs.

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Bioethics

Bioethics is the study of the ethical issues emerging from advances in biology and medicine.

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Bolobo

Bolobo is a town on the Congo River in Plateaux District of Mai-Ndombe Province in the western part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC).

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Bonobo Conservation Initiative

The Bonobo Conservation Initiative is a non-profit organization based in Washington, D.C. and the Democratic Republic of the Congo that promotes conservation of the bonobo and its habitat in the tropical forests of the Congo Basin.

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Bushmeat

Bushmeat, wildmeat, or game meat is meat from non-domesticated mammals, reptiles, amphibians and birds hunted for food in tropical forests.

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Chicago Tribune

The Chicago Tribune is a daily newspaper based in Chicago, Illinois, United States, owned by Tronc, Inc., formerly Tribune Publishing.

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Chimpanzee

The taxonomical genus Pan (often referred to as chimpanzees or chimps) consists of two extant species: the common chimpanzee and the bonobo.

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Chimpanzee genome project

The Chimpanzee Genome Project is an effort to determine the DNA sequence of the Chimpanzee genome.

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Chromosomal translocation

In genetics, a chromosome translocation is a chromosome abnormality caused by rearrangement of parts between nonhomologous chromosomes.

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Clade

A clade (from κλάδος, klados, "branch"), also known as monophyletic group, is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants, and represents a single "branch" on the "tree of life".

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Cladistics

Cladistics (from Greek κλάδος, cládos, i.e., "branch") is an approach to biological classification in which organisms are categorized in groups ("clades") based on the most recent common ancestor.

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Claudine André

Claudine André, (born 6 November 1946 in La Hestre, Hainaut Province, Belgium), is a Belgian conservationist.

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Clitoris

The clitoris is a female sex organ present in mammals, ostriches and a limited number of other animals.

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Common chimpanzee

The common chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes), also known as the robust chimpanzee, is a species of great ape.

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Compassion

Compassion motivates people to go out of their way to help the physical, mental, or emotional pains of another and themselves.

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Conflict resolution

Conflict resolution is conceptualized as the methods and processes involved in facilitating the peaceful ending of conflict and retribution.

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Congo Basin

The Congo Basin is the sedimentary basin of the Congo River.

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Congo River

The Congo River (also spelled Kongo River and known as the Zaire River) is the second longest river in Africa after the Nile and the second largest river in the world by discharge volume of water (after the Amazon), and the world's deepest river with measured depths in excess of.

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Conservation International

Conservation International (CI) is an American nonprofit environmental organization headquartered in Arlington, Virginia.

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Cuvette Centrale

The Cuvette Centrale (French: "Central Basin") is a region of forests and wetlands in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo), also known as DR Congo, the DRC, Congo-Kinshasa or simply the Congo, is a country located in Central Africa.

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Duiker

A duiker is a small to medium-sized brown in colour antelope native to Sub-Saharan Africa.

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East African Rift

The East African Rift (EAR) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa.

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Eduard Paul Tratz

Eduard Paul Tratz (25 September 1888, in Salzburg – 5 January 1977, in Salzburg) was an Austrian zoologist.

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Empathy

Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within their frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.

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Endangered species

An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.

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Ernst Schwarz

Ernst Schwarz (1 December 1889 – 23 September 1962) was a German zoologist, mammalogist, and herpetologist.

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Estrous cycle

The estrous cycle or oestrus cycle (derived from Latin oestrus 'frenzy', originally from Greek οἶστρος oîstros 'gadfly') is the recurring physiological changes that are induced by reproductive hormones in most mammalian therian females.

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Ethology

Ethology is the scientific and objective study of animal behaviour, usually with a focus on behaviour under natural conditions, and viewing behaviour as an evolutionarily adaptive trait.

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First Congo War

The First Congo War (1996–1997) was a foreign invasion of Zaire led by Rwanda that replaced President Mobutu Sésé Seko with the rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila.

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Fission–fusion society

In ethology, a fission–fusion society is one in which the size and composition of the social group change as time passes and animals move throughout the environment; animals merge into a group (fusion)—e.g. sleeping in one place—or split (fission)—e.g. foraging in small groups during the day.

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Flying squirrel

Flying squirrels (scientifically known as Pteromyini or Petauristini) are a tribe of 50 species of squirrels in the family Sciuridae.

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Frans de Waal

Franciscus Bernardus Maria "Frans" de Waal, PhD (born 29 October 1948) is a Dutch primatologist and ethologist.

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Frans Lanting

Frans Lanting (born July 13, 1951) is a Dutch photographer specializing in wildlife photography.

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French kiss

In English informal speech, a French kiss, also known as a deep kiss, is an amorous kiss in which the participants' tongues extend to touch each other's lips or tongue.

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Freshwater swamp forest

Freshwater swamp forests, or flooded forests, are forests which are inundated with freshwater, either permanently or seasonally.

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Frot

Frot (slang for frottage; ult. from the French verb frotter, "to rub") is a non-penetrative form of male to male sexual activity that usually involves direct penis-to-penis contact.

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Frugivore

A frugivore is a fruit eater.

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Gene pool

The gene pool is the set of all genes, or genetic information, in any population, usually of a particular species.

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Genetic diversity

Genetic diversity is the total number of genetic characteristics in the genetic makeup of a species.

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Genus

A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.

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Geography of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo is by the Congo River Basin, which covers an area of almost.

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Gorilla

Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forests of central Sub-Saharan Africa.

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Gracility

Gracility is slenderness, the condition of being gracile, which means slender.

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Great ape personhood

Great ape personhood is a movement to extend personhood and some legal protections to the non-human members of the Hominidae or great ape family: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans.

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Great Ape Project

The Great Ape Project (GAP), founded in 1993, is an international organization of primatologists, anthropologists, ethicists, and others who advocate a United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Great Apes that would confer basic legal rights on non-human great apes: chimpanzees, bonobos, gorillas, and orangutans.

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Greeting

Greeting is an act of communication in which human beings intentionally make their presence known to each other, to show attention to, and to suggest a type of relationship (usually cordial) or social status (formal or informal) between individuals or groups of people coming in contact with each other.

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Group size measures

Many animals, including humans, tend to live in groups, herds, flocks, bands, packs, shoals, or colonies (hereafter: groups) of conspecific individuals.

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Habitat destruction

Habitat destruction is the process in which natural habitat is rendered unable to support the species present.

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Habituation

Habituation is a form of learning in which an organism decreases or ceases its responses to a stimulus after repeated or prolonged presentations.

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Harold Jefferson Coolidge Jr.

Harold Jefferson Coolidge Jr. (January 15, 1904IUCN:, URL retrieved 2011-01-21. – February 15, 1985The New York Times, obituary: "", February 16, 1985. URL retrieved 2011-01-21.) was an American zoologist and a founding director of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN) as well as of the World Wildlife Fund (WWF).

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Heinz Heck

Heinz Heck (22 January 1894 – 5 March 1982) was a German biologist and director of Hellabrunn Zoo (Tierpark Hellabrunn) in Munich.

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Holocene

The Holocene is the current geological epoch.

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Hominidae

The Hominidae, whose members are known as great apes or hominids, are a taxonomic family of primates that includes eight extant species in four genera: Pongo, the Bornean, Sumatran and Tapanuli orangutan; Gorilla, the eastern and western gorilla; Pan, the common chimpanzee and the bonobo; and Homo, which includes modern humans and its extinct relatives (e.g., the Neanderthal), and ancestors, such as Homo erectus.

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Houghton Mifflin Harcourt

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt (HMH) is an educational and trade publisher in the United States.

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Human

Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.

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Human evolution

Human evolution is the evolutionary process that led to the emergence of anatomically modern humans, beginning with the evolutionary history of primates – in particular genus Homo – and leading to the emergence of Homo sapiens as a distinct species of the hominid family, the great apes.

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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey.

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International Union for Conservation of Nature

The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.

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Invertebrate

Invertebrates are animals that neither possess nor develop a vertebral column (commonly known as a backbone or spine), derived from the notochord.

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IUCN Red List

The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data List), founded in 1964, has evolved to become the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biological species.

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Jared Diamond

Jared Mason Diamond (born September 10, 1937) is an American ecologist, geographer, biologist, anthropologist and author best known for his popular science books The Third Chimpanzee (1991); Guns, Germs, and Steel (1997, awarded a Pulitzer Prize); Collapse (2005); and The World Until Yesterday (2012).

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Jeremy Griffith

Jeremy Griffith (born 1945) is an Australian biologist and author on the subject of the human condition.

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John Wiley & Sons

John Wiley & Sons, Inc., also referred to as Wiley, is a global publishing company that specializes in academic publishing.

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Jonathan Balcombe

Jonathan Balcombe (born 28 February 1959) is an ethologist and author.

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Kanzi

Kanzi (born October 28, 1980), also known by the lexigram (from the character 太), is a male bonobo who has been featured in several studies on great ape language.

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Kasai River

The Kasai River (called Cassai in Angola) is a tributary (left side) of the Congo River, located in central Africa.

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Kenya

Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.

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Kinshasa

Kinshasa (formerly Léopoldville (Léopoldville or Dutch)) is the capital and the largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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List of individual apes

This is a list of nonhuman apes of encyclopedic interest.

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Lola ya Bonobo

Founded by Claudine Andre in 1994, Lola ya Bonobo is the world's only sanctuary for orphaned bonobos.

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Lopori River

The Lopori river is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Lulonga River

The Lulonga is a river in the Equateur province of Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Make love, not war

Make love, not war is an anti-war slogan commonly associated with the American counterculture of the 1960s.

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Maringa River

The Maringa river is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Matriarchy

Matriarchy is a social system in which females (most notably in mammals) hold the primary power positions in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege and control of property at the specific exclusion of males - at least to a large degree.

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Max Planck Society

The Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science (Max-Planck-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der Wissenschaften e. V.; abbreviated MPG) is a formally independent non-governmental and non-profit association of German research institutes founded in 1911 as the Kaiser Wilhelm Society and renamed the Max Planck Society in 1948 in honor of its former president, theoretical physicist Max Planck.

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Mbandaka

Mbandaka, pronounced mba ˈnda ka and formerly known as Coquilhatville in French or Coquilhatstad in Flemish, is a city on the Congo River in the Democratic Republic of Congo lying near the confluence of the Congo and Ruki Rivers.

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Milwaukee

Milwaukee is the largest city in the state of Wisconsin and the fifth-largest city in the Midwestern United States.

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Mirror test

The mirror test, sometimes called the mark test, mirror self-recognition test (MSR), red spot technique or rouge test is a behavioural technique developed in 1970 by psychologist Gordon Gallup Jr. as an attempt to determine whether a non-human animal possesses the ability of visual self-recognition.

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Monogamy

Monogamy is a form of relationship in which an individual has only one partner during their lifetime — alternately, only one partner at any one time (serial monogamy) — as compared to non-monogamy (e.g., polygamy or polyamory).

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Morris Goodman

Morris Goodman (1925 – November 14, 2010, Michigan) was an American scientist known for his work in molecular evolution and molecular systematics.

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National Human Genome Research Institute

NHGRI began as the Office of Human Genome Research in The Office of the Director in 1988.

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National Museum of Natural History

The National Museum of Natural History is a natural-history museum administered by the Smithsonian Institution, located on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., United States.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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Neoteny

Neoteny, (also called juvenilization)Montagu, A. (1989).

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New Scientist

New Scientist, first published on 22 November 1956, is a weekly, English-language magazine that covers all aspects of science and technology.

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Non-governmental organization

Non-governmental organizations, nongovernmental organizations, or nongovernment organizations, commonly referred to as NGOs, are usually non-profit and sometimes international organizations independent of governments and international governmental organizations (though often funded by governments) that are active in humanitarian, educational, health care, public policy, social, human rights, environmental, and other areas to effect changes according to their objectives.

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Nova (TV series)

Nova (stylized NOVΛ) is an American popular science television series produced by WGBH Boston.

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Old-growth forest

An old-growth forest — also termed primary forest, virgin forest, primeval forest, or late seral forest— is a forest that has attained great age without significant disturbance and thereby exhibits unique ecological features and might be classified as a climax community.

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Omnivore

Omnivore is a consumption classification for animals that have the capability to obtain chemical energy and nutrients from materials originating from plant and animal origin.

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Panbanisha

Panbanisha (November 17, 1985 – November 6, 2012), also known by the lexigram, was a female bonobo that featured in studies on great ape language by Professor Sue Savage-Rumbaugh.

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Penis fencing

Penis fencing is a mating behavior engaged in by many species of flatworm, such as Pseudobiceros hancockanus.

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Perineum

The perineum is the space between the anus and scrotum in the male and between the anus and the vulva in the female.

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Person

A person is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility.

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Peter Singer

Peter Albert David Singer, AC (born 6 July 1946) is an Australian moral philosopher.

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Philosopher

A philosopher is someone who practices philosophy, which involves rational inquiry into areas that are outside either theology or science.

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Pleistocene

The Pleistocene (often colloquially referred to as the Ice Age) is the geological epoch which lasted from about 2,588,000 to 11,700 years ago, spanning the world's most recent period of repeated glaciations.

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PLOS One

PLOS One (stylized PLOS ONE, and formerly PLoS ONE) is a peer-reviewed open access scientific journal published by the Public Library of Science (PLOS) since 2006.

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Poaching

Poaching has been defined as the illegal hunting or capturing of wild animals, usually associated with land use rights.

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Primate

A primate is a mammal of the order Primates (Latin: "prime, first rank").

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Primates (journal)

Primates is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal of primatology.

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Principle of Priority

valid name. Priority is a fundamental principle of modern botanical nomenclature and zoological nomenclature.

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Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America (PNAS) is the official scientific journal of the National Academy of Sciences, published since 1915.

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Pygmy peoples

In anthropology, pygmy peoples are ethnic groups whose average height is unusually short.

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Right to life

The right to life is a moral principle based on the belief that a human being has the right to live and, in particular, should not be killed by another human being.

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Rive Gauche

La Rive Gauche (The Left Bank) is the southern bank of the river Seine in Paris.

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Riverhead Books

Riverhead Books is a division of Penguin Group (USA) founded in 1993 by Susan Petersen Kennedy.

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Robert Yerkes

Robert Mearns Yerkes (May 26, 1876 – February 3, 1956) was an American psychologist, ethologist, eugenicist and primatologist best known for his work in intelligence testing and in the field of comparative psychology.

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Roger Lewin

Roger Lewin (born 1944) is a British prize-winning science writer and author of 20 books.

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Royal Museum for Central Africa

The Royal Museum for Central Africa or RMCA (Koninklijk Museum voor Midden-Afrika or KMMA; Musée royal de l'Afrique centrale or MRAC), colloquially known as the Africa Museum, is an ethnography and natural history museum situated in Tervuren in Flemish Brabant, Belgium, just outside Brussels.

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Sahelanthropus

Sahelanthropus tchadensis is an extinct homininae species and is probably the ancestor to Orrorin that is dated to about, during the Miocene epoch, possibly very close to the time of the chimpanzee–human divergence.

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Salonga National Park

Salonga National Park is a national park in the Democratic Republic of the Congo located in the Congo River basin.

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San Diego Zoo

The San Diego Zoo is a zoo in Balboa Park, San Diego, California, housing over 3,700 animals of more than 650 species and subspecies.

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Scientific American

Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.

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Second Congo War

The Second Congo War (also known as the Great War of Africa or the Great African War, and sometimes referred to as the African World War) began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, little more than a year after the First Congo War, and involved some of the same issues.

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Secondary forest

A secondary forest (or second-growth forest) is a forest or woodland area which has re-grown after a timber harvest, until a long enough period has passed so that the effects of the disturbance are no longer evident.

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Sensory processing

Sensory processing is the process that organizes sensation from one’s own body and the environment, thus making it possible to use the body effectively within the environment.

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Sex position

A sex position is a position of the body that an individual or couple people may use for sexual intercourse or other sexual activities.

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Sexual swelling

Sexual swellings are enlarged areas of the perineal skin occurring in some female primates that vary in size over the course of the menstrual cycle.

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Simian immunodeficiency virus

Simian immunodeficiency viruses (SIVs) are retroviruses that cause persistent infections in at least 45 species of African non-human primates.

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Single-nucleotide polymorphism

A single-nucleotide polymorphism, often abbreviated to SNP (plural), is a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome, where each variation is present to some appreciable degree within a population (e.g. > 1%).

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Skull

The skull is a bony structure that forms the head in vertebrates.

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Smithsonian Institution

The Smithsonian Institution, established on August 10, 1846 "for the increase and diffusion of knowledge," is a group of museums and research centers administered by the Government of the United States.

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Speciation

Speciation is the evolutionary process by which populations evolve to become distinct species.

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Species

In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity, but it has proven difficult to find a satisfactory definition.

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Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.

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Stanford University Press

The Stanford University Press (SUP) is the publishing house of Stanford University.

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Sue Savage-Rumbaugh

Sue Savage-Rumbaugh (born August 16, 1946) is a psychologist and primatologist most known for her work with two bonobos, Kanzi and Panbanisha, investigating their linguistic and cognitive abilities using lexigrams and computer-based keyboards.

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Susan Block

Susan Block, also known as Dr.

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Svante Pääbo

Svante Pääbo (born 20 April 1955) is a Swedish biologist specializing in evolutionary genetics.

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Takayoshi Kano

is a Japanese primatologist, known for his pioneering work on the bonobo chimpanzee (Pan paniscus).

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Taxonomy (biology)

Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.

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The Atlantic

The Atlantic is an American magazine and multi-platform publisher, founded in 1857 as The Atlantic Monthly in Boston, Massachusetts.

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The Economist

The Economist is an English-language weekly magazine-format newspaper owned by the Economist Group and edited at offices in London.

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The New York Times

The New York Times (sometimes abbreviated as The NYT or The Times) is an American newspaper based in New York City with worldwide influence and readership.

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The New Yorker

The New Yorker is an American magazine of reportage, commentary, criticism, essays, fiction, satire, cartoons, and poetry.

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The Third Chimpanzee

The Third Chimpanzee: The Evolution and Future of the Human Animal is a 1991 book by academic and popular science author Jared Diamond, in which the author explores concepts relating to the animal origins of human behavior, including cultural characteristics and those features often regarded as particularly unique to humans.

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Tribadism

Tribadism or tribbing, commonly known by its scissoring position, is a sex act in which a woman rubs her vulva against her partner's body for sexual stimulation, especially for ample stimulation of the clitoris.

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University of California Press

University of California Press, otherwise known as UC Press, is a publishing house associated with the University of California that engages in academic publishing.

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University of New Hampshire

The University of New Hampshire (UNH) is a public research university in the University System of New Hampshire, in the United States.

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Vanessa Woods

Vanessa Woods (born 1977) is an Australian science writer, author and journalist, and is the main Australian/New Zealand feature writer for the Discovery Channel.

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Vertebrate

Vertebrates comprise all species of animals within the subphylum Vertebrata (chordates with backbones).

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W. W. Norton & Company

W.

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Walking

Walking (also known as ambulation) is one of the main gaits of locomotion among legged animals.

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Wayne State University

Wayne State University (WSU) is a public research university located in Detroit, Michigan.

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World Wide Fund for Nature

The World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF) is an international non-governmental organization founded in 1961, working in the field of the wilderness preservation, and the reduction of human impact on the environment.

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Yerkish

Yerkish is an artificial language developed for use by non-human primates.

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Binobo, Bonobo Chimpanzee, Bonobos, Bygmy chimpanzee, Dwarf chimp, Dwarf chimpanzee, Evolutionary history of bonobos, Gracile Chimpanzee, Gracile chimpanzee, P. Paniscus, Pan panicus, Pan paniscus, Pan satyrus paniscus, Pygmy Chimpanzee, Pygmy chimp, Pygmy chimpanzee, Pygmy chimpanzees, Pygmy chimps, Sexual behavior of bonobos, Social behavior of bonobos.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bonobo

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