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Cervical cancer

Index Cervical cancer

Cervical cancer is a cancer arising from the cervix. [1]

136 relations: Abdomen, Acetic acid, Adenocarcinoma, Adenosquamous carcinoma, Adjuvant, American Cancer Society, Anemia, Annals of Oncology, Anorexia (symptom), Asymptomatic, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Benign tumor, Beta-Carotene, Bethesda system, Biopsy, Black people, BMC Cancer, Brachytherapy, Breast cancer, Burkitt's lymphoma, Cancer, Carcinoma in situ, Cell (biology), Cervarix, Cervical conization, Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia, Cervical screening, Cervicectomy, Cervix, Chemotherapy, Cisplatin, Colposcopy, Condom, Curettage, Cystoscopy, Cytopathology, Developed country, Developing country, Dyspareunia, Dysplasia, Electron microscope, Endometrial cancer, Epidemiology, Epithelium, Female reproductive system, Five-year survival rate, Food and Drug Administration, Gardasil, Genital wart, Georgetown University, ..., Georgios Papanikolaou, Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix, Harald zur Hausen, HeLa, Henrietta Lacks, Herpes simplex virus, Hippocrates, Histology, Histopathology, HIV, HPV vaccines, Human papillomavirus infection, Hysterectomy, Hysteroscopy, Ian Frazer, Immortalised cell line, Immunodeficiency, India, Instruments used in obstetrics and gynecology, International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Intravenous pyelogram, Janette Howard, John Howard, Loop electrical excision procedure, Lung, Lymph node, Lymphoma, Marek's disease, Medical imaging, Medical Research Council (United Kingdom), Melanoma, Merck & Co., Metastasis, Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare, Nasopharynx cancer, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Neuroendocrine tumor, Neutropenia, Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine, Nordic countries, Nun, Oncology, Oral contraceptive pill, Ovarian cancer, Pap test, Pathology, Pelvic pain, Perineum, Precancerous condition, Proctoscopy, Prostaglandin, Rabbit, Radiation therapy, Relative survival, Safe sex, Screening (medicine), Semen, Sex worker, Small-cell carcinoma, Smegma, Smoking, Squamous cell carcinoma, Surgery, Thrombocytopenia, TNM staging system, Topotecan, Ultrasound, United States, United States Preventive Services Task Force, University of Pennsylvania, University of Queensland, University of Rochester, Vagina, Vaginal bleeding, Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix, Vinegar, Virus, Vitamin A, Vitamin B12, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, WebMD, White people, World Health Organization, X-ray. Expand index (86 more) »

Abdomen

The abdomen (less formally called the belly, stomach, tummy or midriff) constitutes the part of the body between the thorax (chest) and pelvis, in humans and in other vertebrates.

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Acetic acid

Acetic acid, systematically named ethanoic acid, is a colourless liquid organic compound with the chemical formula CH3COOH (also written as CH3CO2H or C2H4O2).

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Adenocarcinoma

Adenocarcinoma (plural adenocarcinomas or adenocarcinomata) is a type of cancerous tumor that can occur in several parts of the body.

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Adenosquamous carcinoma

Adenosquamous carcinoma is a type of cancer that contains two types of cells: squamous cells (thin, flat cells that line certain organs) and gland-like cells.

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Adjuvant

An adjuvant is a pharmacological or immunological agent that modifies the effect of other agents.

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American Cancer Society

The American Cancer Society (ACS) is a nationwide voluntary health organization dedicated to eliminating cancer.

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Anemia

Anemia is a decrease in the total amount of red blood cells (RBCs) or hemoglobin in the blood, or a lowered ability of the blood to carry oxygen.

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Annals of Oncology

The Annals of Oncology is a peer-reviewed medical journal of oncology, published by Oxford University Press.

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Anorexia (symptom)

Anorexia (from Ancient Greek ανορεξία: 'ἀν-' "without" + 'όρεξις', spelled 'órexis' meaning "appetite") is the decreased sensation of appetite.

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Asymptomatic

In medicine, a disease is considered asymptomatic if a patient is a carrier for a disease or infection but experiences no symptoms.

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Australian Broadcasting Corporation

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) founded in 1929 is Australia's national broadcaster, funded by the Australian Federal Government but specifically independent of Government and politics in the Commonwealth.

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Benign tumor

A benign tumor is a mass of cells (tumor) that lacks the ability to invade neighboring tissue or metastasize.

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Beta-Carotene

β-Carotene is an organic, strongly colored red-orange pigment abundant in plants and fruits.

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Bethesda system

The Bethesda system (TBS) is a system for reporting cervical or vaginal cytologic diagnoses, used for reporting Pap smear results.

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Biopsy

A biopsy is a medical test commonly performed by a surgeon, interventional radiologist, or an interventional cardiologist involving extraction of sample cells or tissues for examination to determine the presence or extent of a disease.

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Black people

Black people is a term used in certain countries, often in socially based systems of racial classification or of ethnicity, to describe persons who are perceived to be dark-skinned compared to other populations.

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BMC Cancer

BMC Cancer is a peer-reviewed open access medical journal that publishes original research on cancer and oncology.

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Brachytherapy

Brachytherapy is a form of radiotherapy where a sealed radiation source is placed inside or next to the area requiring treatment.

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Breast cancer

Breast cancer is cancer that develops from breast tissue.

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Burkitt's lymphoma

Burkitt lymphoma is a cancer of the lymphatic system, particularly B lymphocytes found in the germinal center.

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Cancer

Cancer is a group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body.

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Carcinoma in situ

Carcinoma in situ (CIS), also known as in situ neoplasm, is a group of abnormal cells.

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Cell (biology)

The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.

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Cervarix

Cervarix is a vaccine against certain types of cancer-causing human papillomavirus (HPV).

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Cervical conization

Cervical conization (CPT codes 57520 (Cold Knife) and 57522 (Loop Excision)) refers to an excision of a cone-shaped sample of tissue from the mucous membrane of the cervix.

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Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia

Cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), also known as cervical dysplasia, is the abnormal growth of cells on the surface of the cervix that could potentially lead to cervical cancer.

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Cervical screening

Cervical screening is the process of detecting and removing abnormal tissue or cells in the cervix before cervical cancer develops.

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Cervicectomy

In gynecologic oncology, trachelectomy, also cervicectomy, is a surgical removal of the uterine cervix.

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Cervix

The cervix or cervix uteri (neck of the uterus) is the lower part of the uterus in the human female reproductive system.

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Chemotherapy

Chemotherapy (often abbreviated to chemo and sometimes CTX or CTx) is a type of cancer treatment that uses one or more anti-cancer drugs (chemotherapeutic agents) as part of a standardized chemotherapy regimen.

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Cisplatin

Cisplatin is a chemotherapy medication used to treat a number of cancers.

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Colposcopy

Colposcopy (hollow, womb, vagina + skopos "look at") is a medical diagnostic procedure to examine an illuminated, magnified view of the cervix and the tissues of the vagina and vulva.

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Condom

A condom is a sheath-shaped barrier device, used during sexual intercourse to reduce the probability of pregnancy or a sexually transmitted infection (STI).

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Curettage

Curettage, in medical procedures, is the use of a curette (French, meaning scoop) to remove tissue by scraping or scooping.

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Cystoscopy

Cystoscopy (si-ˈstäs-kə-pē) is endoscopy of the urinary bladder via the urethra.

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Cytopathology

Cytopathology (from Greek κύτος, kytos, "a hollow"; πάθος, pathos, "fate, harm"; and -λογία, -logia) is a branch of pathology that studies and diagnoses diseases on the cellular level.

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Developed country

A developed country, industrialized country, more developed country, or "more economically developed country" (MEDC), is a sovereign state that has a highly developed economy and advanced technological infrastructure relative to other less industrialized nations.

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Developing country

A developing country (or a low and middle income country (LMIC), less developed country, less economically developed country (LEDC), underdeveloped country) is a country with a less developed industrial base and a low Human Development Index (HDI) relative to other countries.

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Dyspareunia

Dyspareunia is painful sexual intercourse due to medical or psychological causes.

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Dysplasia

Dysplasia (from Ancient Greek δυσ- dys-, "bad" or "difficult" and πλάσις plasis, "formation") is a term used in pathology to refer to an abnormality of development or an epithelial anomaly of growth and differentiation (epithelial dysplasia).

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Electron microscope

An electron microscope is a microscope that uses a beam of accelerated electrons as a source of illumination.

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Endometrial cancer

Endometrial cancer is a cancer that arises from the endometrium (the lining of the uterus or womb).

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Epidemiology

Epidemiology is the study and analysis of the distribution (who, when, and where) and determinants of health and disease conditions in defined populations.

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Epithelium

Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.

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Female reproductive system

The female reproductive system is made up of the internal and external sex organs that function in reproduction of new offspring.

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Five-year survival rate

The five-year survival rate is a type of survival rate for estimating the prognosis of a particular disease, normally calculated from the point of diagnosis.

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Food and Drug Administration

The Food and Drug Administration (FDA or USFDA) is a federal agency of the United States Department of Health and Human Services, one of the United States federal executive departments.

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Gardasil

Gardasil, also known as Gardisil or Silgard or recombinant human papillomavirus vaccine, is a vaccine for use in the prevention of certain strains of human papillomavirus (HPV), specifically HPV types 6, 11, 16 and 18.

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Genital wart

Genital warts are a sexually transmitted infection caused by certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV).

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Georgetown University

Georgetown University is a private research university in the Georgetown neighborhood of Washington, D.C., the capital of the United States.

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Georgios Papanikolaou

Georgios Nikolaou Papanikolaou (or George Papanicolaou; Γεώργιος Ν. Παπανικολάου; 13 May 1883 – 19 February 1962) was a Greek pioneer in cytopathology and early cancer detection, and inventor of the "Pap smear".

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Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix

Glassy cell carcinoma of the cervix, also glassy cell carcinoma, is a rare aggressive malignant tumour of the uterine cervix.

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Harald zur Hausen

Harald zur Hausen (born 11 March 1936) is a German virologist and professor emeritus.

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HeLa

HeLa (also Hela or hela) is a cell type in an immortal cell line used in scientific research.

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Henrietta Lacks

Henrietta Lacks (born Loretta Pleasant; August 1, 1920 – October 4, 1951) Note: Some sources report her birthday as August 2, 1920, vs.

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Herpes simplex virus

Herpes simplex virus 1 and 2 (HSV-1 and HSV-2), also known as human herpesvirus 1 and 2 (HHV-1 and HHV-2), are two members of the herpesvirus family, Herpesviridae, that infect humans.

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Hippocrates

Hippocrates of Kos (Hippokrátēs ho Kṓos), also known as Hippocrates II, was a Greek physician of the Age of Pericles (Classical Greece), and is considered one of the most outstanding figures in the history of medicine.

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Histology

Histology, also microanatomy, is the study of the anatomy of cells and tissues of plants and animals using microscopy.

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Histopathology

Histopathology (compound of three Greek words: ἱστός histos "tissue", πάθος pathos "suffering", and -λογία -logia "study of") refers to the microscopic examination of tissue in order to study the manifestations of disease.

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HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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HPV vaccines

Human papilloma virus (HPV) vaccines are vaccines that prevent infection by certain types of human papillomavirus.

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Human papillomavirus infection

Human papillomavirus infection is an infection by human papillomavirus (HPV).

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Hysterectomy

Hysterectomy is the surgical removal of the uterus.

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Hysteroscopy

Hysteroscopy is the inspection of the uterine cavity by endoscopy with access through the cervix.

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Ian Frazer

Ian Hector Frazer (born 6 January 1953) is a Scottish-born Australian immunologist, the founding CEO and Director of Research of the Translational Research Institute (Australia).

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Immortalised cell line

An immortalized cell line is a population of cells from a multicellular organism which would normally not proliferate indefinitely but, due to mutation, have evaded normal cellular senescence and instead can keep undergoing division.

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Immunodeficiency

Immunodeficiency (or immune deficiency) is a state in which the immune system's ability to fight infectious disease and cancer is compromised or entirely absent.

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India

India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.

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Instruments used in obstetrics and gynecology

The following is a list of instruments that are used in modern obstetrics and gynecology.

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International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics

The International Federation of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, usually just FIGO ("fee'go") as the acronym of its French name Fédération Internationale de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, is a worldwide NGO organisation representing obstetricians and gynaecologists in over one hundred territories.

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Intravenous pyelogram

An intravenous pyelogram (IVP), also called an intravenous urogram (IVU), is a radiological procedure used to visualize abnormalities of the urinary system, including the kidneys, ureters, and bladder.

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Janette Howard

Janette Howard (née Parker; born 11 August 1944) is the wife of John Howard, who was the Prime Minister of Australia from 11 March 1996 to 3 December 2007 and the second longest serving Australian Prime Minister.

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John Howard

John Winston Howard, (born 26 July 1939) is a former Australian politician who served as the 25th Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1996 to 2007.

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Loop electrical excision procedure

The loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is one of the most commonly used approaches to treat high grade cervical dysplasia (CIN II/III, HGSIL) discovered on colposcopic examination.

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Lung

The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.

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Lymph node

A lymph node or lymph gland is an ovoid or kidney-shaped organ of the lymphatic system, and of the adaptive immune system, that is widely present throughout the body.

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Lymphoma

Lymphoma is a group of blood cancers that develop from lymphocytes (a type of white blood cell).

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Marek's disease

Marek's disease is a highly contagious viral neoplastic disease in chickens.

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Medical imaging

Medical imaging is the technique and process of creating visual representations of the interior of a body for clinical analysis and medical intervention, as well as visual representation of the function of some organs or tissues (physiology).

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Medical Research Council (United Kingdom)

The Medical Research Council (MRC) is responsible for co-coordinating and funding medical research in the United Kingdom.

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Melanoma

Melanoma, also known as malignant melanoma, is a type of cancer that develops from the pigment-containing cells known as melanocytes.

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Merck & Co.

Merck & Company, Inc., d.b.a. Merck Sharp & Dohme (MSD) outside the United States and Canada, is an American pharmaceutical company and one of the largest pharmaceutical companies in the world.

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Metastasis

Metastasis is a pathogenic agent's spread from an initial or primary site to a different or secondary site within the host's body; it is typically spoken of as such spread by a cancerous tumor.

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Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare

The is a cabinet level ministry of the Japanese government.

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Nasopharynx cancer

Nasopharynx cancer or nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is the most common cancer originating in the nasopharynx, most commonly in the postero-lateral nasopharynx or pharyngeal recess or 'Fossa of Rosenmüller' accounting for 50% cases.

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National Cancer Institute

The National Cancer Institute (NCI) is part of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), which is one of eleven agencies that are part of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services.

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National Institutes of Health

The National Institutes of Health (NIH) is the primary agency of the United States government responsible for biomedical and public health research, founded in the late 1870s.

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Neuroendocrine tumor

Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are neoplasms that arise from cells of the endocrine (hormonal) and nervous systems.

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Neutropenia

Neutropenia or neutropaenia is an abnormally low concentration of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell) in the blood.

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Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine

The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine (Nobelpriset i fysiologi eller medicin), administered by the Nobel Foundation, is awarded once a year for outstanding discoveries in the fields of life sciences and medicine.

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Nordic countries

The Nordic countries or the Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (literally "the North").

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Nun

A nun is a member of a religious community of women, typically living under vows of poverty, chastity, and obedience in the enclosure of a monastery.

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Oncology

Oncology is a branch of medicine that deals with the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of cancer.

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Oral contraceptive pill

Oral contraceptives, abbreviated OCPs, also known as birth control pills, are medications taken by mouth for the purpose of birth control.

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Ovarian cancer

Ovarian cancer is a cancer that forms in or on an ovary.

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Pap test

The Papanicolaou test (abbreviated as Pap test, also known as Pap smear, cervical smear, or smear test) is a method of cervical screening used to detect potentially pre-cancerous and cancerous processes in the cervix (opening of the uterus or womb).

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Pathology

Pathology (from the Ancient Greek roots of pathos (πάθος), meaning "experience" or "suffering" and -logia (-λογία), "study of") is a significant field in modern medical diagnosis and medical research, concerned mainly with the causal study of disease, whether caused by pathogens or non-infectious physiological disorder.

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Pelvic pain

Pelvic pain is pain in the area of the pelvis.

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Perineum

The perineum is the space between the anus and scrotum in the male and between the anus and the vulva in the female.

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Precancerous condition

A precancerous condition or premalignant condition, sometimes called a potentially precancerous condition or potentially premalignant condition, is a term used to describe certain conditions or lesions involving abnormal cells which are associated with an increased risk of developing into cancer.

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Proctoscopy

Proctoscopy is a common medical procedure in which an instrument called a proctoscope (also known as a rectoscope, although the latter may be a bit longer) is used to examine the anal cavity, rectum, or sigmoid colon.

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Prostaglandin

The prostaglandins (PG) are a group of physiologically active lipid compounds having diverse hormone-like effects in animals.

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Rabbit

Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha (along with the hare and the pika).

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Radiation therapy

Radiation therapy or radiotherapy, often abbreviated RT, RTx, or XRT, is therapy using ionizing radiation, generally as part of cancer treatment to control or kill malignant cells and normally delivered by a linear accelerator.

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Relative survival

Relative survival of a disease, in survival analysis, is calculated by dividing the overall survival after diagnosis by the survival as observed in a similar population not diagnosed with that disease.

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Safe sex

Safe sex is sexual activity engaged in by people who have taken precautions to protect themselves against sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as HIV.

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Screening (medicine)

Screening, in medicine, is a strategy used in a population to identify the possible presence of an as-yet-undiagnosed disease in individuals without signs or symptoms.

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Semen

Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is an organic fluid that may contain spermatozoa.

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Sex worker

A sex worker is a person who is employed in the sex industry.

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Small-cell carcinoma

Small-cell carcinoma (also known as "small-cell lung cancer", or "oat-cell carcinoma") is a type of highly malignant cancer that most commonly arises within the lung, although it can occasionally arise in other body sites, such as the cervix, prostate, and gastrointestinal tract.

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Smegma

Smegma (Greek smēgma) is a combination of shed skin cells, skin oils, and moisture.

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Smoking

Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.

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Squamous cell carcinoma

Squamous cell carcinomas, also known as epidermoid carcinoma are a number of different types of cancer that result from squamous cells.

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Surgery

Surgery (from the χειρουργική cheirourgikē (composed of χείρ, "hand", and ἔργον, "work"), via chirurgiae, meaning "hand work") is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques on a patient to investigate or treat a pathological condition such as a disease or injury, to help improve bodily function or appearance or to repair unwanted ruptured areas.

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Thrombocytopenia

Thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of thrombocytes, also known as platelets, in the blood.

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TNM staging system

The TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours (TNM) is a notation system that describes the stage of a cancer which originates from a solid tumour with alphanumeric codes.

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Topotecan

Topotecan (trade name Hycamtin) is a chemotherapeutic agent that is a topoisomerase inhibitor.

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Ultrasound

Ultrasound is sound waves with frequencies higher than the upper audible limit of human hearing.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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United States Preventive Services Task Force

The United States Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) is "an independent panel of experts in primary care and prevention that systematically reviews the evidence of effectiveness and develops recommendations for clinical preventive services".

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University of Pennsylvania

The University of Pennsylvania (commonly known as Penn or UPenn) is a private Ivy League research university located in University City section of West Philadelphia.

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University of Queensland

The University of Queensland (UQ) is a public research university primarily located in Queensland's capital city, Brisbane, Australia.

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University of Rochester

The University of Rochester (U of R or UR) frequently referred to as Rochester, is a private research university in Rochester, New York.

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Vagina

In mammals, the vagina is the elastic, muscular part of the female genital tract.

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Vaginal bleeding

Vaginal bleeding is any bleeding through the vagina, including bleeding from the vaginal wall itself, as well as (and more commonly) bleeding from another location of the female reproductive system, often the uterus.

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Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix

Villoglandular adenocarcinoma of the cervix, also villoglandular papillary adenocarcinoma, papillary villoglandular adenocarcinoma and well-differentiated villoglandular adenocarcinoma, abbreviated VGA, is a rare type of cervical cancer that, in relation to other cervical cancers, is typically found in younger women and has a better prognosis.

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Vinegar

Vinegar is a liquid consisting of about 5–20% acetic acid (CH3COOH), water (H2O), and trace chemicals that may include flavorings.

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Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

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Vitamin A

Vitamin A is a group of unsaturated nutritional organic compounds that includes retinol, retinal, retinoic acid, and several provitamin A carotenoids (most notably beta-carotene).

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Vitamin B12

Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body: it is a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.

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Vitamin C

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.

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Vitamin E

Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.

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WebMD

WebMD is an American corporation known primarily as an online publisher of news and information pertaining to human health and well-being.

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White people

White people is a racial classification specifier, used mostly for people of European descent; depending on context, nationality, and point of view, the term has at times been expanded to encompass certain persons of North African, Middle Eastern, and South Asian descent, persons who are often considered non-white in other contexts.

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World Health Organization

The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.

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X-ray

X-rays make up X-radiation, a form of electromagnetic radiation.

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Redirects here:

Cancer of the cervix, Carcinoma of the cervix, Causes of cervical cancer, Cervical Cancer, Cervical adenocarcinoma, Cervical cancer symptoms, Cervical carcinoma, Cervical neoplasm, Cervix Cancer, Cervix cancer, Cervix carcinoma, Together we can fight cervical cancer, Uterine cervical neoplasms.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cervical_cancer

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