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82 relations: Albert Einstein, Anomaly (physics), Automorphism, B − L, Baryon number, Chien-Shiung Wu, Chiral model, Chiral symmetry breaking, Chirality (chemistry), Chirality (mathematics), Chirality (physics), Classical mechanics, Clock, Cobalt, Connected space, Current algebra, Dirac fermion, Dirac operator, Dirac spinor, Domain wall (string theory), Eigenvalues and eigenvectors, Eightfold Way (physics), Electron, Electroweak interaction, Elementary particle, Euclidean vector, Fermion, Fermionic condensate, Flavour (particle physics), Frame of reference, Gamma matrices, Gauge theory, Gluon, Goldstone boson, Goran Senjanović, Grand Unified Theory, Graviton, Group extension, Group representation, Handedness, Helicity (particle physics), Involution (mathematics), Irreducible representation, Isaac Newton, Isospin, Lagrangian (field theory), Lepton, Lepton number, Lorentz transformation, Mirror image, ..., Momentum, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation, Nucleon, Outer automorphism group, Parity (physics), Pati–Salam model, Photon, Pion, Poincaré group, Projection (linear algebra), Quantum chromodynamics, Quantum mechanics, Quark, Seesaw mechanism, Semidirect product, Sigma model, Speed of light, Spin (physics), Spinor, Spontaneous symmetry breaking, Standard Model, Sterile neutrino, Subatomic particle, Symmetry, Theoretical physics, W and Z bosons, W′ and Z′ bosons, Weak interaction, Weak isospin, Weyl semimetal, Wu experiment. Expand index (32 more) »
Albert Einstein
Albert Einstein (14 March 1879 – 18 April 1955) was a German-born theoretical physicist who developed the theory of relativity, one of the two pillars of modern physics (alongside quantum mechanics).
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Anomaly (physics)
In quantum physics an anomaly or quantum anomaly is the failure of a symmetry of a theory's classical action to be a symmetry of any regularization of the full quantum theory.
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Automorphism
In mathematics, an automorphism is an isomorphism from a mathematical object to itself.
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B − L
In high energy physics, B − L (pronounced "bee minus ell") is the difference between the baryon number (B) and the lepton number (L).
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Baryon number
In particle physics, the baryon number is a strictly conserved additive quantum number of a system.
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Chien-Shiung Wu
Chien-Shiung Wu (May 31, 1912 – February 16, 1997) was a Chinese-American experimental physicist who made significant contributions in the field of nuclear physics.
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Chiral model
In nuclear physics, the chiral model, introduced by Feza Gürsey in 1960, is a phenomenological model describing effective interactions of mesons in the chiral limit (where the masses of the quarks go to zero), but without necessarily mentioning quarks at all.
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Chiral symmetry breaking
In particle physics, chiral symmetry breaking is the spontaneous symmetry breaking of a chiral symmetry – usually by a gauge theory such as quantum chromodynamics, the quantum field theory of the strong interaction.
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Chirality (chemistry)
Chirality is a geometric property of some molecules and ions.
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Chirality (mathematics)
In geometry, a figure is chiral (and said to have chirality) if it is not identical to its mirror image, or, more precisely, if it cannot be mapped to its mirror image by rotations and translations alone.
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Chirality (physics)
A chiral phenomenon is one that is not identical to its mirror image (see the article on mathematical chirality).
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Classical mechanics
Classical mechanics describes the motion of macroscopic objects, from projectiles to parts of machinery, and astronomical objects, such as spacecraft, planets, stars and galaxies.
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Clock
A clock is an instrument to measure, keep, and indicate time.
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Cobalt
Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27.
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Connected space
In topology and related branches of mathematics, a connected space is a topological space that cannot be represented as the union of two or more disjoint nonempty open subsets.
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Current algebra
Certain commutation relations among the current density operators in quantum field theories define an infinite-dimensional Lie algebra called a current algebra.
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Dirac fermion
In physics, a Dirac fermion is a fermion which is not its own antiparticle.
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Dirac operator
In mathematics and quantum mechanics, a Dirac operator is a differential operator that is a formal square root, or half-iterate, of a second-order operator such as a Laplacian.
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Dirac spinor
In quantum field theory, the Dirac spinor is the bispinor in the plane-wave solution of the free Dirac equation, where (in the units \scriptstyle c \,.
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Domain wall (string theory)
In physics, a domain wall is any of several similar things in string theory, magnetism, or optics.
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Eigenvalues and eigenvectors
In linear algebra, an eigenvector or characteristic vector of a linear transformation is a non-zero vector that changes by only a scalar factor when that linear transformation is applied to it.
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Eightfold Way (physics)
In physics, the Eightfold Way is a theory organizing subatomic hadrons.
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Electron
The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.
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Electroweak interaction
In particle physics, the electroweak interaction is the unified description of two of the four known fundamental interactions of nature: electromagnetism and the weak interaction.
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Elementary particle
In particle physics, an elementary particle or fundamental particle is a particle with no substructure, thus not composed of other particles.
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Euclidean vector
In mathematics, physics, and engineering, a Euclidean vector (sometimes called a geometric or spatial vector, or—as here—simply a vector) is a geometric object that has magnitude (or length) and direction.
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Fermion
In particle physics, a fermion is a particle that follows Fermi–Dirac statistics.
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Fermionic condensate
A fermionic condensate is a superfluid phase formed by fermionic particles at low temperatures.
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Flavour (particle physics)
In particle physics, flavour or flavor refers to the species of an elementary particle.
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Frame of reference
In physics, a frame of reference (or reference frame) consists of an abstract coordinate system and the set of physical reference points that uniquely fix (locate and orient) the coordinate system and standardize measurements.
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Gamma matrices
In mathematical physics, the gamma matrices, \, also known as the Dirac matrices, are a set of conventional matrices with specific anticommutation relations that ensure they generate a matrix representation of the Clifford algebra Cℓ1,3(R).
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Gauge theory
In physics, a gauge theory is a type of field theory in which the Lagrangian is invariant under certain Lie groups of local transformations.
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Gluon
A gluon is an elementary particle that acts as the exchange particle (or gauge boson) for the strong force between quarks.
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Goldstone boson
In particle and condensed matter physics, Goldstone bosons or Nambu–Goldstone bosons (NGBs) are bosons that appear necessarily in models exhibiting spontaneous breakdown of continuous symmetries.
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Goran Senjanović
Goran Senjanović (born June 9, 1950) is a theoretical physicist at the Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP).
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Grand Unified Theory
A Grand Unified Theory (GUT) is a model in particle physics in which, at high energy, the three gauge interactions of the Standard Model which define the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions, or forces, are merged into one single force.
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Graviton
In theories of quantum gravity, the graviton is the hypothetical elementary particle that mediates the force of gravity.
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Group extension
In mathematics, a group extension is a general means of describing a group in terms of a particular normal subgroup and quotient group.
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Group representation
In the mathematical field of representation theory, group representations describe abstract groups in terms of linear transformations of vector spaces; in particular, they can be used to represent group elements as matrices so that the group operation can be represented by matrix multiplication.
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Handedness
In human biology, handedness is a better, faster, or more precise performance or individual preference for use of a hand, known as the dominant hand; the less capable or less preferred hand is called the non-dominant hand.
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Helicity (particle physics)
In particle physics, helicity is the projection of the spin onto the direction of momentum.
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Involution (mathematics)
In mathematics, an involution, or an involutory function, is a function that is its own inverse, for all in the domain of.
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Irreducible representation
In mathematics, specifically in the representation theory of groups and algebras, an irreducible representation (\rho, V) or irrep of an algebraic structure A is a nonzero representation that has no proper subrepresentation (\rho|_W,W), W \subset V closed under the action of \. Every finite-dimensional unitary representation on a Hermitian vector space V is the direct sum of irreducible representations.
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Isaac Newton
Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.
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Isospin
In nuclear physics and particle physics, isospin is a quantum number related to the strong interaction.
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Lagrangian (field theory)
Lagrangian field theory is a formalism in classical field theory.
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Lepton
In particle physics, a lepton is an elementary particle of half-integer spin (spin) that does not undergo strong interactions.
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Lepton number
In particle physics, lepton number (historically also called lepton charge) is a conserved quantum number representing the difference between the number of leptons and the number of antileptons in an elementary particle reaction.
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Lorentz transformation
In physics, the Lorentz transformations (or transformation) are coordinate transformations between two coordinate frames that move at constant velocity relative to each other.
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Mirror image
A mirror image (in a plane mirror) is a reflected duplication of an object that appears almost identical, but is reversed in the direction perpendicular to the mirror surface.
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Momentum
In Newtonian mechanics, linear momentum, translational momentum, or simply momentum (pl. momenta) is the product of the mass and velocity of an object.
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Neutrino
A neutrino (denoted by the Greek letter ν) is a fermion (an elementary particle with half-integer spin) that interacts only via the weak subatomic force and gravity.
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Neutrino oscillation
Neutrino oscillation is a quantum mechanical phenomenon whereby a neutrino created with a specific lepton flavor (electron, muon, or tau) can later be measured to have a different flavor.
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Nucleon
In chemistry and physics, a nucleon is either a proton or a neutron, considered in its role as a component of an atomic nucleus.
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Outer automorphism group
In mathematics, the outer automorphism group of a group,, is the quotient,, where is the automorphism group of and) is the subgroup consisting of inner automorphisms.
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Parity (physics)
In quantum mechanics, a parity transformation (also called parity inversion) is the flip in the sign of one spatial coordinate.
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Pati–Salam model
In physics, the Pati–Salam model is a Partial Unification Theory proposed in 1974 by nobel laureate Abdus Salam and Jogesh Pati.
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Photon
The photon is a type of elementary particle, the quantum of the electromagnetic field including electromagnetic radiation such as light, and the force carrier for the electromagnetic force (even when static via virtual particles).
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Pion
In particle physics, a pion (or a pi meson, denoted with the Greek letter pi) is any of three subatomic particles:,, and.
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Poincaré group
The Poincaré group, named after Henri Poincaré (1906), was first defined by Minkowski (1908) as the group of Minkowski spacetime isometries.
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Projection (linear algebra)
In linear algebra and functional analysis, a projection is a linear transformation P from a vector space to itself such that.
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Quantum chromodynamics
In theoretical physics, quantum chromodynamics (QCD) is the theory of the strong interaction between quarks and gluons, the fundamental particles that make up composite hadrons such as the proton, neutron and pion.
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Quantum mechanics
Quantum mechanics (QM; also known as quantum physics, quantum theory, the wave mechanical model, or matrix mechanics), including quantum field theory, is a fundamental theory in physics which describes nature at the smallest scales of energy levels of atoms and subatomic particles.
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Quark
A quark is a type of elementary particle and a fundamental constituent of matter.
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Seesaw mechanism
In the theory of grand unification of particle physics, and, in particular, in theories of neutrino masses and neutrino oscillation, the seesaw mechanism is a generic model used to understand the relative sizes of observed neutrino masses, of the order of eV, compared to those of quarks and charged leptons, which are millions of times heavier.
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Semidirect product
In mathematics, specifically in group theory, the concept of a semidirect product is a generalization of a direct product.
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Sigma model
In physics, a sigma model is a physical system that is described by a Lagrangian density of the form: Depending on the scalars in, it is either a linear sigma model or a non-linear sigma model.
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Speed of light
The speed of light in vacuum, commonly denoted, is a universal physical constant important in many areas of physics.
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Spin (physics)
In quantum mechanics and particle physics, spin is an intrinsic form of angular momentum carried by elementary particles, composite particles (hadrons), and atomic nuclei.
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Spinor
In geometry and physics, spinors are elements of a (complex) vector space that can be associated with Euclidean space.
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Spontaneous symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in a symmetric state ends up in an asymmetric state.
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Standard Model
The Standard Model of particle physics is the theory describing three of the four known fundamental forces (the electromagnetic, weak, and strong interactions, and not including the gravitational force) in the universe, as well as classifying all known elementary particles.
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Sterile neutrino
Sterile neutrinos (or inert neutrinos) are a hypothetical particle (neutral leptons – neutrinos) that interact only via gravity and do not interact via any of the fundamental interactions of the Standard Model.
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Subatomic particle
In the physical sciences, subatomic particles are particles much smaller than atoms.
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Symmetry
Symmetry (from Greek συμμετρία symmetria "agreement in dimensions, due proportion, arrangement") in everyday language refers to a sense of harmonious and beautiful proportion and balance.
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Theoretical physics
Theoretical physics is a branch of physics that employs mathematical models and abstractions of physical objects and systems to rationalize, explain and predict natural phenomena.
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W and Z bosons
The W and Z bosons are together known as the weak or more generally as the intermediate vector bosons. These elementary particles mediate the weak interaction; the respective symbols are,, and.
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W′ and Z′ bosons
In particle physics, W′ and Z′ bosons (or W-prime and Z-prime bosons) refer to hypothetical gauge bosons that arise from extensions of the electroweak symmetry of the Standard Model.
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Weak interaction
In particle physics, the weak interaction (the weak force or weak nuclear force) is the mechanism of interaction between sub-atomic particles that causes radioactive decay and thus plays an essential role in nuclear fission.
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Weak isospin
In particle physics, weak isospin is a quantum number relating to the weak interaction, and parallels the idea of isospin under the strong interaction.
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Weyl semimetal
Weyl fermions are massless chiral fermions that play an important role in quantum field theory and the standard model.
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Wu experiment
The Wu experiment was a nuclear physics experiment conducted in 1956 by the Chinese American physicist Chien-Shiung Wu in collaboration with the Low Temperature Group of the US National Bureau of Standards.
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Redirects here:
Axial U(1), Chiral symmetry, Chiral theory, Left-right model, Left-right symmetry, Left–right symmetry.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chirality_(physics)
