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Electronic component

Index Electronic component

An electronic component is any basic discrete device or physical entity in an electronic system used to affect electrons or their associated fields. [1]

235 relations: Accelerometer, Aluminum electrolytic capacitor, Amplifier, Analogue electronics, Antenna (radio), Avalanche photodiode, Backward-wave oscillator, Biconical antenna, Bipolar junction transistor, Bolometer, Breadboard, Buzzer, Capacitor, Cathode ray tube, Cavity magnetron, Centrifugal switch, Ceramic capacitor, Ceramic resonator, Circuit breaker, Circuit design, Circuit diagram, Circulator, Coherer, Color, Constant-current diode, Contactor, Counterfeit electronic components, Crystal oscillator, Current sensor, Darlington transistor, Datasheet, Dekatron, DIAC, Digital data, Diode, Diode bridge, DIP switch, Dipole antenna, Direct current, Dot matrix, Dot-matrix display, Dual in-line package, E-series of preferred numbers, Electric battery, Electric generator, Electric light, Electric motor, Electrical connector, Electrical element, Electrical enclosure, ..., Electrical network, Electrical wiring, Electroluminescence, Electrolytic capacitor, Electromagnetic field, Electromagnetic radiation, Electromechanics, Electron, Electronic engineering, Electronic filter, Electronic mixer, Electronic oscillator, Electronic symbol, Electronics, Fan (machine), Feed horn, Ferrite bead, Field-effect transistor, Film capacitor, Filter capacitor, Flow measurement, Fourteen-segment display, Fuel cell, Fuse (electrical), Gas-filled tube, Gyrator, Hall effect sensor, Heat pump, Heat sink, Heating element, High-electron-mobility transistor, History of electronic engineering, Humidistat, Humistor, HVAC, Hybrid integrated circuit, Hygrometer, Ignitron, Incandescent light bulb, Inclinometer, Inductor, Industrial production, Inrush current, Inrush current limiter, Insulated-gate bipolar transistor, Integrated circuit, JFET, Keypad, Klystron, Knife switch, LC circuit, Lead (electronics), LED display, Light-emitting diode, Lightning arrester, Limit switch, Linear variable differential transformer, Liquid-crystal display, Lithium-ion capacitor, Log-periodic antenna, Loop antenna, Loudspeaker, Lumped element model, Magic eye tube, Magnetic amplifier, Magnetometer, Memristor, Mercury switch, Mercury-arc valve, MESFET, Microphone, Miniature snap-action switch, MIS capacitor, Monochrome, MOSFET, Motion detector, Motor capacitor, Nanoionic supercapacitor, Neon, Network analysis (electrical circuits), Nichrome, Niobium capacitor, Nixie tube, Ohm's law, Opto-isolator, Optoelectronics, Oscillation, Oscilloscope, Parabolic reflector, Passivity (engineering), Patch cable, Penetron, Pentagrid converter, Pentode, Phased array, Photodetector, Photodiode, Photoflash capacitor, Photomultiplier, Photoresistor, Phototube, Piezoelectricity, Pin header, Plasma display, Polymer capacitor, Potentiometer, Power cord, Power supply, Printed circuit board, Radar, Radio receiver, RC circuit, Reciprocity (electromagnetism), Rectifier, Reed switch, Reference designator, Relay, Resettable fuse, Residual-current device, Resistance thermometer, Resistance wire, Resistor, Rotary encoder, Saturable reactor, Schottky diode, Screw terminal, Semiconductor, Sensor, Seven-segment display, Signal, Silicon controlled rectifier, Sixteen-segment display, Snubber, Solar cell, Solenoid, Solid-state electronics, Solid-state relay, Spark gap, Static induction thyristor, Static induction transistor, Strain gauge, Supercapacitor, Switch, Sziklai pair, Tantalum capacitor, Temperature coefficient, Terminal (electronics), Test probe, Tetrode, Thermal cutoff, Thermistor, Thermocouple, Thermoelectric cooling, Thermoelectric generator, Thermopile, Thermostat, Thick-film technology, Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display, Thyratron, Thyristor, Toroid, Transducer, Transformer, Transient-voltage-suppression diode, Transistor, Traveling-wave tube, TRIAC, Trimmer (electronics), Triode, Tunnel diode, Two-port network, Ultrasonic motor, Unijunction transistor, Vacuum fluorescent display, Vacuum tube, Vacuum variable capacitor, Van de Graaff generator, Variable capacitor, Varicap, Varistor, Waveguide, Wire wrap, X-ray tube, Yagi–Uda antenna, Zener diode. Expand index (185 more) »

Accelerometer

An accelerometer is a device that measures proper acceleration.

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Aluminum electrolytic capacitor

Aluminum electrolytic capacitors are polarized electrolytic capacitors whose anode electrode (+) is made of a pure aluminum foil with an etched surface.

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Amplifier

An amplifier, electronic amplifier or (informally) amp is an electronic device that can increase the power of a signal (a time-varying voltage or current).

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Analogue electronics

Analogue electronics (also spelled analog electronics) are electronic systems with a continuously variable signal, in contrast to digital electronics where signals usually take only two levels.

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Antenna (radio)

In radio, an antenna is the interface between radio waves propagating through space and electric currents moving in metal conductors, used with a transmitter or receiver.

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Avalanche photodiode

An avalanche photodiode (APD) is a highly sensitive semiconductor electronic device that exploits the photoelectric effect to convert light to electricity.

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Backward-wave oscillator

A backward wave oscillator (BWO), also called carcinotron (a trade name for tubes manufactured by CSF, now Thales) or backward wave tube, is a vacuum tube that is used to generate microwaves up to the terahertz range.

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Biconical antenna

In radio systems, a biconical antenna is a broad-bandwidth antenna made of two roughly conical conductive objects, nearly touching at their points.

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Bipolar junction transistor

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Bolometer

A bolometer is a device for measuring the power of incident electromagnetic radiation via the heating of a material with a temperature-dependent electrical resistance.

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Breadboard

A breadboard is a construction base for prototyping of electronics.

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Buzzer

A buzzer or beeper is an audio signalling device, which may be mechanical, electromechanical, or piezoelectric (piezo for short).

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Capacitor

A capacitor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores potential energy in an electric field.

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Cathode ray tube

The cathode ray tube (CRT) is a vacuum tube that contains one or more electron guns and a phosphorescent screen, and is used to display images.

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Cavity magnetron

The cavity magnetron is a high-powered vacuum tube that generates microwaves using the interaction of a stream of electrons with a magnetic field while moving past a series of open metal cavities (cavity resonators).

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Centrifugal switch

A centrifugal switch is an electric switch that operates using the centrifugal force created from a rotating shaft, most commonly that of an electric motor or gasoline engine.

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Ceramic capacitor

A ceramic capacitor is a fixed-value capacitor in which ceramic material acts as the dielectric.

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Ceramic resonator

A ceramic resonator is an electronic component consisting of a piece of a piezoelectric ceramic material with two or more metal electrodes attached.

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Circuit breaker

A circuit breaker is an automatically operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by excess current from an overload or short circuit.

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Circuit design

The process of circuit design can cover systems ranging from complex electronic systems all the way down to the individual transistors within an integrated circuit.

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Circuit diagram

A circuit diagram (electrical diagram, elementary diagram, electronic schematic) is a graphical representation of an electrical circuit.

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Circulator

A circulator is a passive non-reciprocal three- or four-port device, in which a microwave or radio frequency signal entering any port is transmitted to the next port in rotation (only).

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Coherer

The coherer was a primitive form of radio signal detector used in the first radio receivers during the wireless telegraphy era at the beginning of the 20th century.

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Color

Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color categories, with names such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or purple.

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Constant-current diode

Constant-current diode is an electronic device that limits current to a maximal specified value for the device.

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Contactor

A contactor is an electrically-controlled switch (relay) used for switching an electrical power circuit.

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Counterfeit electronic components

Counterfeit electronic components are electronic parts that are misrepresented as to their origins or quality.

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Crystal oscillator

A crystal oscillator is an electronic oscillator circuit that uses the mechanical resonance of a vibrating crystal of piezoelectric material to create an electrical signal with a precise frequency.

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Current sensor

A current sensor is a device that detects electric current in a wire, and generates a signal proportional to that current.

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Darlington transistor

In electronics, the Darlington transistor (commonly called a Darlington pair) is a compound structure of a particular design made by two bipolar transistors connected in such a way that the current amplified by the first transistor is amplified further by the second one.

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Datasheet

A floppy disk controller datasheet. A datasheet, data sheet, or spec sheet is a document that summarizes the performance and other technical characteristics of a product, machine, component (e.g., an electronic component), material, a subsystem (e.g., a power supply) or software in sufficient detail to be used by a design engineer to integrate the component into a system.

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Dekatron

In electronics, a Dekatron (or Decatron, or generically three-phase gas counting tube or glow-transfer counting tube or cold cathode tube) is a gas-filled decade counting tube.

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DIAC

The DIAC is a diode that conducts electrical current only after its breakover voltage, VBO, has been reached momentarily.

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Digital data

Digital data, in information theory and information systems, is the discrete, discontinuous representation of information or works.

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Diode

A diode is a two-terminal electronic component that conducts current primarily in one direction (asymmetric conductance); it has low (ideally zero) resistance in one direction, and high (ideally infinite) resistance in the other.

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Diode bridge

A diode bridge is an arrangement of four (or more) diodes in a bridge circuit configuration that provides the same polarity of output for either polarity of input.

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DIP switch

A DIP switch is a manual electric switch that is packaged with others in a group in a standard dual in-line package (DIP).

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Dipole antenna

In radio and telecommunications a dipole antenna or doublet is the simplest and most widely used class of antenna.

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Direct current

Direct current (DC) is the unidirectional flow of electric charge.

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Dot matrix

A dot matrix is a 2-dimensional patterned array, used to represent characters, symbols and images.

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Dot-matrix display

A dot-matrix display is a display device used to display information on machines, clocks, railway departure indicators and many other devices requiring a simple display device of limited resolution.

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Dual in-line package

In microelectronics, a dual in-line package (DIP or DIL), or dual in-line pin package (DIPP) is an electronic component package with a rectangular housing and two parallel rows of electrical connecting pins.

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E-series of preferred numbers

The E-series is a system of preferred numbers (also called preferred values) derived for use in electronic components.

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Electric battery

An electric battery is a device consisting of one or more electrochemical cells with external connections provided to power electrical devices such as flashlights, smartphones, and electric cars.

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Electric generator

In electricity generation, a generator is a device that converts motive power (mechanical energy) into electrical power for use in an external circuit.

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Electric light

An electric light is a device that produces visible light from electric current.

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Electric motor

An electric motor is an electrical machine that converts electrical energy into mechanical energy.

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Electrical connector

An electrical connector, is an electro-mechanical device used to join electrical terminations and create an electrical circuit.

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Electrical element

Electrical elements are conceptual abstractions representing idealized electrical components, such as resistors, capacitors, and inductors, used in the analysis of electrical networks.

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Electrical enclosure

An electrical enclosure is a cabinet for electrical or electronic equipment to mount switches, knobs and displays and to prevent electrical shock to equipment users and protect the contents from the environment.

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Electrical network

An electrical network is an interconnection of electrical components (e.g. batteries, resistors, inductors, capacitors, switches) or a model of such an interconnection, consisting of electrical elements (e.g. voltage sources, current sources, resistances, inductances, capacitances).

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Electrical wiring

Electrical wiring is an electrical installation of cabling and associated devices such as switches, distribution boards, sockets and light fittings in a structure.

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Electroluminescence

Electroluminescence (EL) is an optical phenomenon and electrical phenomenon in which a material emits light in response to the passage of an electric current or to a strong electric field.

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Electrolytic capacitor

An electrolytic capacitor (e-cap) is a polarized capacitor whose anode or positive plate is made of a metal that forms an insulating oxide layer through anodization.

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Electromagnetic field

An electromagnetic field (also EMF or EM field) is a physical field produced by electrically charged objects.

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Electromagnetic radiation

In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.

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Electromechanics

In engineering, electromechanics combines processes and procedures drawn from electrical engineering and mechanical engineering.

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Electron

The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.

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Electronic engineering

Electronic engineering (also called electronics and communications engineering) is an electrical engineering discipline which utilizes nonlinear and active electrical components (such as semiconductor devices, especially transistors, diodes and integrated circuits) to design electronic circuits, devices, VLSI devices and their systems.

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Electronic filter

Electronic filters are circuits which perform signal processing functions, specifically to remove unwanted frequency components from the signal, to enhance wanted ones, or both.

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Electronic mixer

An electronic mixer is a device that combines two or more electrical or electronic signals into one or two composite output signals.

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Electronic oscillator

An electronic oscillator is an electronic circuit that produces a periodic, oscillating electronic signal, often a sine wave or a square wave.

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Electronic symbol

An electronic symbol is a pictogram used to represent various electrical and electronic devices or functions, such as wires, batteries, resistors, and transistors, in a schematic diagram of an electrical or electronic circuit.

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Electronics

Electronics is the discipline dealing with the development and application of devices and systems involving the flow of electrons in a vacuum, in gaseous media, and in semiconductors.

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Fan (machine)

A mechanical fan is a powered machine used to create flow within a fluid, typically a gas such as air.

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Feed horn

In parabolic antennas such as satellite dishes, a feed horn (or feedhorn) is a small horn antenna used to convey radio waves between the transmitter and/or receiver and the parabolic reflector.

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Ferrite bead

A ferrite bead or ferrite choke is a passive electric component that suppresses high frequency noise in electronic circuits.

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Field-effect transistor

The field-effect transistor (FET) is a transistor that uses an electric field to control the electrical behaviour of the device.

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Film capacitor

Film capacitors, plastic film capacitors, film dielectric capacitors, or polymer film capacitors, generically called “film caps” as well as power film capacitors, are electrical capacitors with an insulating plastic film as the dielectric, sometimes combined with paper as carrier of the electrodes.

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Filter capacitor

Filter capacitors are capacitors used for filtering of undesirable frequencies.

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Flow measurement

Flow measurement is the quantification of bulk fluid movement.

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Fourteen-segment display

A fourteen-segment display (FSD) (sometimes referred to as a starburst display or Union Jack display) is a type of display based on 14 segments that can be turned on or off to produce letters and numerals.

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Fuel cell

A fuel cell is an electrochemical cell that converts the chemical energy from a fuel into electricity through an electrochemical reaction of hydrogen fuel with oxygen or another oxidizing agent.

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Fuse (electrical)

In electronics and electrical engineering, a fuse is an electrical safety device that operates to provide overcurrent protection of an electrical circuit.

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Gas-filled tube

A gas-filled tube, also known as a discharge tube, is an arrangement of electrodes in a gas within an insulating, temperature-resistant envelope.

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Gyrator

A gyrator is a passive, linear, lossless, two-port electrical network element proposed in 1948 by Bernard D. H. Tellegen as a hypothetical fifth linear element after the resistor, capacitor, inductor and ideal transformer.

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Hall effect sensor

A Hall effect sensor is a transducer that varies its output voltage in response to a magnetic field.

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Heat pump

A heat pump is a device that transfers heat energy from a source of heat to what is called a "heat sink".

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Heat sink

A heat sink (also commonly spelled heatsink) is a passive heat exchanger that transfers the heat generated by an electronic or a mechanical device to a fluid medium, often air or a liquid coolant, where it is dissipated away from the device, thereby allowing regulation of the device's temperature at optimal levels.

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Heating element

A heating element converts energy into heat through the process of resistive or Joule heating.

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High-electron-mobility transistor

A High-electron-mobility transistor (HEMT), also known as heterostructure FET (HFET) or modulation-doped FET (MODFET), is a field-effect transistor incorporating a junction between two materials with different band gaps (i.e. a heterojunction) as the channel instead of a doped region (as is generally the case for MOSFET).

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History of electronic engineering

The history of electronic engineering is a long one.

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Humidistat

A humidistat is an electronic device analogous to a thermostat but which responds to relative humidity, not temperature.

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Humistor

A humistor is a type of variable resistor whose resistance varies based on humidity.

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HVAC

Heating, ventilation and air conditioning (HVAC) is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort.

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Hybrid integrated circuit

A hybrid integrated circuit (HIC), hybrid microcircuit, hybrid circuit or simply hybrid is a miniaturized electronic circuit constructed of individual devices, such as semiconductor devices (e.g. transistors, diodes andor monolithic ICs) and passive components (e.g. resistors, inductors, transformers, and capacitors), bonded to a substrate or printed circuit board (PCB).

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Hygrometer

A hygrometer is an instrument used for measuring the amount of humidity and water vapor in the atmosphere, in soil, or in confined spaces.

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Ignitron

An ignitron is a type of gas-filled tube used as a controlled rectifier and dating from the 1930s.

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Incandescent light bulb

An incandescent light bulb, incandescent lamp or incandescent light globe is an electric light with a wire filament heated to such a high temperature that it glows with visible light (incandescence).

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Inclinometer

An inclinometer or clinometer is an instrument used for measuring angles of slope (or tilt), elevation, or depression of an object with respect to gravity.

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Inductor

An inductor, also called a coil, choke or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it.

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Industrial production

Industrial production is a measure of output of the industrial sector of the economy.

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Inrush current

Inrush current, input surge current, or switch-on surge is the maximal instantaneous input current drawn by an electrical device when first turned on.

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Inrush current limiter

An inrush current limiter is a component used to limit inrush current to avoid gradual damage to components and avoid blowing fuses or tripping circuit breakers.

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Insulated-gate bipolar transistor

An insulated-gate bipolar transistor (IGBT) is a three-terminal power semiconductor device primarily used as an electronic switch which, as it was developed, came to combine high efficiency and fast switching.

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Integrated circuit

An integrated circuit or monolithic integrated circuit (also referred to as an IC, a chip, or a microchip) is a set of electronic circuits on one small flat piece (or "chip") of semiconductor material, normally silicon.

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JFET

The junction gate field-effect transistor (JFET or JUGFET) is the simplest type of field-effect transistor.

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Keypad

A keypad is a set of buttons arranged in a block or "pad" which bear digits, symbols or alphabetical letters.

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Klystron

A klystron is a specialized linear-beam vacuum tube, invented in 1937 by American electrical engineers Russell and Sigurd Varian,Pond, Norman H. "The Tube Guys".

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Knife switch

A knife switch is a type of switch used to control the flow of electricity in a circuit.

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LC circuit

An LC circuit, also called a resonant circuit, tank circuit, or tuned circuit, is an electric circuit consisting of an inductor, represented by the letter L, and a capacitor, represented by the letter C, connected together.

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Lead (electronics)

In electronics, a lead is an electrical connection consisting of a length of wire or a metal pad (SMD) that is designed to connect two locations electrically.

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LED display

An LED display is a flat panel display, which uses an array of light-emitting diodes as pixels for a video display.

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Light-emitting diode

A light-emitting diode (LED) is a two-lead semiconductor light source.

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Lightning arrester

A lightning arrester (alternative spelling lightning arrestor) (also called lightning diverter) is a device used on electric power systems and telecommunication systems to protect the insulation and conductors of the system from the damaging effects of lightning.

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Limit switch

In electrical engineering a limit switch is a switch operated by the motion of a machine part or presence of an object.

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Linear variable differential transformer

The linear variable differential transformer (LVDT) (also called linear variable displacement transformer, linear variable displacement transducer, or simply differential transformer) is a type of electrical transformer used for measuring linear displacement (position).

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Liquid-crystal display

A liquid-crystal display (LCD) is a flat-panel display or other electronically modulated optical device that uses the light-modulating properties of liquid crystals.

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Lithium-ion capacitor

A lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) is a hybrid type of capacitor out of the family of the supercapacitors.

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Log-periodic antenna

A log-periodic antenna (LP), also known as a log-periodic array or log-periodic aerial, is a multi-element, directional antenna designed to operate over a wide band of frequencies.

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Loop antenna

A loop antenna is a radio antenna consisting of a loop or coil of wire, tubing, or other electrical conductor usually fed by a balanced source or feeding a balanced load.

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Loudspeaker

A loudspeaker (or loud-speaker or speaker) is an electroacoustic transducer; which converts an electrical audio signal into a corresponding sound.

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Lumped element model

The lumped element model (also called lumped parameter model, or lumped component model) simplifies the description of the behaviour of spatially distributed physical systems into a topology consisting of discrete entities that approximate the behaviour of the distributed system under certain assumptions.

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Magic eye tube

A magic eye tube or tuning indicator, in technical literature called an electron-ray indicator tube, is a vacuum tube which gives a visual indication of the amplitude of an electronic signal, such as an audio output, radio-frequency signal strength, or other functions.

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Magnetic amplifier

The magnetic amplifier (colloquially known as a "mag amp") is an electromagnetic device for amplifying electrical signals.

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Magnetometer

A magnetometer is an instrument that measures magnetism—either the magnetization of a magnetic material like a ferromagnet, or the direction, strength, or relative change of a magnetic field at a particular location.

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Memristor

A memristor (a portmanteau of memory resistor) is a hypothetical non-linear passive two-terminal electrical component relating electric charge and magnetic flux linkage.

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Mercury switch

A mercury switch is an electrical switch that opens and closes a circuit when a small amount of the liquid metal mercury connects metal electrodes to close the circuit.

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Mercury-arc valve

A mercury-arc valve or mercury-vapor rectifier or (UK) mercury-arc rectifier is a type of electrical rectifier used for converting high-voltage or high-current alternating current (AC) into direct current (DC).

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MESFET

MESFET stands for metal–semiconductor field-effect transistor.

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Microphone

A microphone, colloquially nicknamed mic or mike, is a transducer that converts sound into an electrical signal.

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Miniature snap-action switch

A miniature snap-action switch, also trademarked and frequently known as a micro switch, is an electric switch that is actuated by very little physical force, through the use of a tipping-point mechanism, sometimes called an "over-center" mechanism.

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MIS capacitor

A MIS capacitor is a capacitor formed from a layer of metal, a layer of insulating material and a layer of semiconductor material.

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Monochrome

Monochrome describes paintings, drawings, design, or photographs in one color or values of one color.

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MOSFET

MOSFET showing gate (G), body (B), source (S) and drain (D) terminals. The gate is separated from the body by an insulating layer (white). surface-mount packages. Operating as switches, each of these components can sustain a blocking voltage of 120nbspvolts in the ''off'' state, and can conduct a continuous current of 30 amperes in the ''on'' state, dissipating up to about 100 watts and controlling a load of over 2000 watts. A matchstick is pictured for scale. A cross-section through an nMOSFET when the gate voltage ''V''GS is below the threshold for making a conductive channel; there is little or no conduction between the terminals drain and source; the switch is off. When the gate is more positive, it attracts electrons, inducing an ''n''-type conductive channel in the substrate below the oxide, which allows electrons to flow between the ''n''-doped terminals; the switch is on. Simulation result for formation of inversion channel (electron density) and attainment of threshold voltage (IV) in a nanowire MOSFET. Note that the threshold voltage for this device lies around 0.45 V The metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor (MOSFET, MOS-FET, or MOS FET) is a type of field-effect transistor (FET), most commonly fabricated by the controlled oxidation of silicon.

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Motion detector

A motion detector is a device that detects moving objects, particularly people.

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Motor capacitor

A motor capacitor, such as a start capacitor or run capacitor (including a dual run capacitor) is an electrical capacitor that alters the current to one or more windings of a single phase AC induction motor to create a rotating magnetic field.

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Nanoionic supercapacitor

Nanoionic supercapacitors belong to new class of nanoionic devices, i.e. devices operating due to fast ion transport at nano-scale.

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Neon

Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10.

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Network analysis (electrical circuits)

A network, in the context of electronics, is a collection of interconnected components.

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Nichrome

Nichrome (NiCr, nickel-chrome, chrome-nickel, etc.) is any of various alloys of nickel, chromium, and often iron (and possibly other elements).

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Niobium capacitor

A niobium electrolytic capacitor is a polarized capacitor whose anode electrode (+) is made of passivated niobium metal or niobium monoxide on which an insulating niobium pentoxide layer acts as the dielectric of the niobium capacitor.

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Nixie tube

A Nixie tube, or cold cathode display, is an electronic device for displaying numerals or other information using glow discharge.

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Ohm's law

Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.

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Opto-isolator

In electronics, an opto-isolator, also called an optocoupler, photocoupler, or optical isolator, is a component that transfers electrical signals between two isolated circuits by using light.

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Optoelectronics

Optoelectronics is the study and application of electronic devices and systems that source, detect and control light, usually considered a sub-field of photonics.

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Oscillation

Oscillation is the repetitive variation, typically in time, of some measure about a central value (often a point of equilibrium) or between two or more different states.

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Oscilloscope

An oscilloscope, previously called an oscillograph, and informally known as a scope or o-scope, CRO (for cathode-ray oscilloscope), or DSO (for the more modern digital storage oscilloscope), is a type of electronic test instrument that allows observation of varying signal voltages, usually as a two-dimensional plot of one or more signals as a function of time.

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Parabolic reflector

A parabolic (or paraboloid or paraboloidal) reflector (or dish or mirror) is a reflective surface used to collect or project energy such as light, sound, or radio waves.

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Passivity (engineering)

Passivity is a property of engineering systems, used in a variety of engineering disciplines, but most commonly found in analog electronics and control systems.

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Patch cable

A patch cable, patch cord or patch lead is an electrical or optical cable used to connect ("patch in") one electronic or optical device to another for signal routing.

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Penetron

The penetron, short for penetration tube, is a type of limited-color television used in some military applications.

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Pentagrid converter

The pentagrid converter is a type of radio receiving valve (vacuum tube) with five grids used as the frequency mixer stage of a superheterodyne radio receiver.

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Pentode

A pentode is an electronic device having five active electrodes.

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Phased array

In antenna theory, a phased array usually means an electronically scanned array; a computer-controlled array of antennas which creates a beam of radio waves which can be electronically steered to point in different directions, without moving the antennas.

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Photodetector

Photosensors or photodetectors are sensors of light or other electromagnetic energy.

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Photodiode

A photodiode is a semiconductor device that converts light into an electrical current.

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Photoflash capacitor

A photoflash capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor used in flash cameras, professional flashes, and also in solid-state laser power supplies.

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Photomultiplier

Photomultiplier tubes (photomultipliers or PMTs for short), members of the class of vacuum tubes, and more specifically vacuum phototubes, are extremely sensitive detectors of light in the ultraviolet, visible, and near-infrared ranges of the electromagnetic spectrum.

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Photoresistor

A photoresistor (or light-dependent resistor, LDR, or photo-conductive cell) is a light-controlled variable resistor.

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Phototube

A phototube or photoelectric cell is a type of gas-filled or vacuum tube that is sensitive to light.

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Piezoelectricity

Piezoelectricity is the electric charge that accumulates in certain solid materials (such as crystals, certain ceramics, and biological matter such as bone, DNA and various proteins) in response to applied mechanical stress.

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Pin header

A pin header (often abbreviated as PH, or simply header) is a form of electrical connector.

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Plasma display

A plasma display panel (PDP) is a type of flat panel display common to large TV displays or larger.

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Polymer capacitor

A polymer capacitor, or more accurately a polymer electrolytic capacitor, is an electrolytic capacitor (e-cap) with a solid electrolyte of a conductive polymer.

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Potentiometer

A potentiometer is a three-terminal resistor with a sliding or rotating contact that forms an adjustable voltage divider.

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Power cord

A power cord, line cord, or mains cable is an electrical cable that temporarily connects an appliance to the mains electricity supply via a wall socket or extension cord.

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Power supply

A power supply is an electrical device that supplies electric power to an electrical load.

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Printed circuit board

A printed circuit board (PCB) mechanically supports and electrically connects electronic components or electrical components using conductive tracks, pads and other features etched from one or more sheet layers of copper laminated onto and/or between sheet layers of a non-conductive substrate.

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Radar

Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects.

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Radio receiver

In radio communications, a radio receiver (receiver or simply radio) is an electronic device that receives radio waves and converts the information carried by them to a usable form.

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RC circuit

A resistor–capacitor circuit (RC circuit), or RC filter or RC network, is an electric circuit composed of resistors and capacitors driven by a voltage or current source.

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Reciprocity (electromagnetism)

In classical electromagnetism, reciprocity refers to a variety of related theorems involving the interchange of time-harmonic electric current densities (sources) and the resulting electromagnetic fields in Maxwell's equations for time-invariant linear media under certain constraints.

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Rectifier

A rectifier is an electrical device that converts alternating current (AC), which periodically reverses direction, to direct current (DC), which flows in only one direction.

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Reed switch

The reed switch is an electrical switch operated by an applied magnetic field.

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Reference designator

A reference designator unambiguously identifies a component in an electrical schematic or on a printed circuit board.

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Relay

A relay is an electrically operated switch.

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Resettable fuse

A resettable fuse is a polymeric positive temperature coefficient (PPTC) device that is a passive electronic component used to protect against overcurrent faults in electronic circuits.

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Residual-current device

A residual-current device (RCD), or residual-current circuit breaker (RCCB), is a device that instantly breaks an electric circuit to prevent serious harm from an ongoing electric shock.

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Resistance thermometer

Resistance thermometers, also called resistance temperature detectors (RTDs), are sensors used to measure temperature.

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Resistance wire

Resistance wire is wire intended for making electrical resistors (which are used to control the amount of current in a circuit).

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Resistor

A resistor is a passive two-terminal electrical component that implements electrical resistance as a circuit element.

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Rotary encoder

A rotary encoder, also called a shaft encoder, is an electro-mechanical device that converts the angular position or motion of a shaft or axle to analog or digital output signals.

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Saturable reactor

A saturable reactor in electrical engineering is a special form of inductor where the magnetic core can be deliberately saturated by a direct electric current in a control winding.

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Schottky diode

The Schottky diode (named after the German physicist Walter H. Schottky), also known as Schottky barrier diode or hot-carrier diode, is a semiconductor diode formed by the junction of a semiconductor with a metal.

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Screw terminal

A screw terminal is a type of electrical connector where a wire is held by the tightening of a screw.

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Semiconductor

A semiconductor material has an electrical conductivity value falling between that of a conductor – such as copper, gold etc.

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Sensor

In the broadest definition, a sensor is a device, module, or subsystem whose purpose is to detect events or changes in its environment and send the information to other electronics, frequently a computer processor.

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Seven-segment display

A seven-segment display (SSD), or seven-segment indicator, is a form of electronic display device for displaying decimal numerals that is an alternative to the more complex dot matrix displays.

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Signal

A signal as referred to in communication systems, signal processing, and electrical engineering is a function that "conveys information about the behavior or attributes of some phenomenon".

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Silicon controlled rectifier

A silicon controlled rectifier or semiconductor-controlled rectifier is a four-layer solid-state current-controlling device.

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Sixteen-segment display

A sixteen-segment display (SISD) is a type of display based on 16 segments that can be turned on or off according to the graphic pattern to be produced.

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Snubber

A snubber is a device used to suppress ("snub") a phenomenon such as voltage transients in electrical systems, pressure transients in fluid systems (caused by for example water hammer) or excess force or rapid movement in mechanical systems.

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Solar cell

A solar cell, or photovoltaic cell, is an electrical device that converts the energy of light directly into electricity by the photovoltaic effect, which is a physical and chemical phenomenon.

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Solenoid

A solenoid (/ˈsolə.nɔɪd/) (from the French solénoïde, derived in turn from the Greek solen ("pipe, channel") and eidos ("form, shape")) is a coil wound into a tightly packed helix.

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Solid-state electronics

Solid-state electronics means semiconductor electronics; electronic equipment using semiconductor devices such as semiconductor diodes, transistors, and integrated circuits (ICs).

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Solid-state relay

A solid-state relay (SSR) is an electronic switching device that switches on or off when a small external voltage is applied across its control terminals.

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Spark gap

A spark gap consists of an arrangement of two conducting electrodes separated by a gap usually filled with a gas such as air, designed to allow an electric spark to pass between the conductors.

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Static induction thyristor

The static induction thyristor (SIT, SITh) is a thyristor with a buried gate structure in which the gate electrodes are placed in n-base region.

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Static induction transistor

Static induction transistor (SIT) is a high power, high frequency transistor device.

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Strain gauge

A strain gauge is a device used to measure strain on an object.

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Supercapacitor

A supercapacitor (SC) (also called a supercap, ultracapacitor or Goldcap) is a high-capacity capacitor with capacitance values much higher than other capacitors (but lower voltage limits) that bridge the gap between electrolytic capacitors and rechargeable batteries.

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Switch

In electrical engineering, a switch is an electrical component that can "make" or "break" an electrical circuit, interrupting the current or diverting it from one conductor to another.

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Sziklai pair

In electronics, the Sziklai pair (also known as a complementary feedback pair (CFP) or "compound transistor", and as a "pseudo-Darlington") is a configuration of two bipolar transistors, similar to a Darlington pair.

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Tantalum capacitor

A tantalum electrolytic capacitor is an electrolytic capacitor, a passive component of electronic circuits.

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Temperature coefficient

A temperature coefficient describes the relative change of a physical property that is associated with a given change in temperature.

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Terminal (electronics)

A terminal is the point at which a conductor from an electrical component, device or network comes to an end and provides a point of connection to external circuits.

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Test probe

A test probe is a physical device used to connect electronic test equipment to a device under test (DUT).

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Tetrode

A tetrode is a vacuum tube (called valve in British English) having four active electrodes.

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Thermal cutoff

A thermal cutoff is an electrical safety device that interrupts electric current when heated to a specific temperature.

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Thermistor

A thermistor is a type of resistor whose resistance is dependent on temperature, more so than in standard resistors.

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Thermocouple

A thermocouple is an electrical device consisting of two dissimilar electrical conductors forming electrical junctions at differing temperatures.

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Thermoelectric cooling

Thermoelectric cooling uses the Peltier effect to create a heat flux between the junction of two different types of materials.

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Thermoelectric generator

A thermoelectric generator (TEG), also called a Seebeck generator, is a solid state device that converts heat flux (temperature differences) directly into electrical energy through a phenomenon called the Seebeck effect (a form of thermoelectric effect).

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Thermopile

A thermopile is an electronic device that converts thermal energy into electrical energy.

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Thermostat

A thermostat is a component which senses the temperature of a physical system and performs actions so that the system's temperature is maintained near a desired setpoint.

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Thick-film technology

Thick-film technology is used to produce electronic devices such as surface mount devices, hybrid integrated circuits and sensors.

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Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display

A Thin-film-transistor liquid-crystal display (TFT LCD) is a variant of a liquid-crystal display (LCD) that uses thin-film-transistor (TFT) technology to improve image qualities such as addressability and contrast.

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Thyratron

A thyratron is a type of gas-filled tube used as a high-power electrical switch and controlled rectifier.

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Thyristor

A thyristor is a solid-state semiconductor device with four layers of alternating P- and N-type materials.

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Toroid

In mathematics, a toroid is a surface of revolution with a hole in the middle, like a doughnut, forming a solid body.

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Transducer

A transducer is a device that converts energy from one form to another.

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Transformer

A transformer is a static electrical device that transfers electrical energy between two or more circuits through electromagnetic induction.

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Transient-voltage-suppression diode

A transient-voltage-suppression (TVS) diode, also transil or thyrector, is an electronic component used to protect electronics from voltage spikes induced on connected wires.

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Transistor

A transistor is a semiconductor device used to amplify or switch electronic signals and electrical power.

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Traveling-wave tube

A traveling-wave tube (TWT, pronounced "twit") or traveling-wave tube amplifier (TWTA, pronounced "tweeta") is a specialized vacuum tube that is used in electronics to amplify radio frequency (RF) signals in the microwave range.

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TRIAC

TRIAC, from triode for alternating current, is a generic trademark for a three terminal electronic component that conducts current in either direction when triggered.

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Trimmer (electronics)

A trimmer is a miniature adjustable electrical component.

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Triode

A triode is an electronic amplifying vacuum tube (or valve in British English) consisting of three electrodes inside an evacuated glass envelope: a heated filament or cathode, a grid, and a plate (anode).

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Tunnel diode

A tunnel diode or Esaki diode is a type of semiconductor that is capable of very fast operation, well into the microwave frequency region (up to), made possible by the use of the quantum mechanical effect called tunneling.

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Two-port network

A two-port network (a kind of four-terminal network or quadripole) is an electrical network (circuit) or device with two pairs of terminals to connect to external circuits.

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Ultrasonic motor

An ultrasonic motor is a type of electric motor powered by the ultrasonic vibration of a component, the stator, placed against another component, the rotor or slider depending on the scheme of operation (rotation or linear translation).

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Unijunction transistor

A unijunction transistor (UJT) is a three-lead electronic semiconductor device with only one junction that acts exclusively as an electrically controlled switch.

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Vacuum fluorescent display

A vacuum fluorescent display (VFD) is a display device used commonly on consumer electronics equipment such as video cassette recorders, car radios, and microwave ovens.

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Vacuum tube

In electronics, a vacuum tube, an electron tube, or just a tube (North America), or valve (Britain and some other regions) is a device that controls electric current between electrodes in an evacuated container.

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Vacuum variable capacitor

A vacuum variable capacitor is a variable capacitor which uses a high vacuum as the dielectric instead of air or other insulating material.

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Van de Graaff generator

A Van de Graaff generator is an electrostatic generator which uses a moving belt to accumulate electric charge on a hollow metal globe on the top of an insulated column, creating very high electric potentials.

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Variable capacitor

A variable capacitor is a capacitor whose capacitance may be intentionally and repeatedly changed mechanically or electronically.

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Varicap

In electronics, a varicap diode, varactor diode, variable capacitance diode, variable reactance diode or tuning diode is a type of diode designed to exploit the voltage-dependent capacitance of a reversed-biased p–n junction.

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Varistor

A varistor is an electronic component with an electrical resistance that varies with the applied voltage.

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Waveguide

A waveguide is a structure that guides waves, such as electromagnetic waves or sound, with minimal loss of energy by restricting expansion to one dimension or two.

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Wire wrap

Wire wrap was invented to wire telephone crossbar switches, and later adapted to construct electronic circuit boards.

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X-ray tube

An X-ray tube is a vacuum tube that converts electrical input power into X-rays.

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Yagi–Uda antenna

A Yagi–Uda antenna, commonly known as a Yagi antenna, is a directional antenna consisting of multiple parallel elements in a line, usually half-wave dipoles made of metal rods.

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Zener diode

A Zener diode is a particular type of diode that, unlike a normal one, allows current to flow not only from its anode to its cathode, but also in the reverse direction, when the Zener voltage is reached.

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Discreet components, Discrete component, Discrete components, Discrete device, Discrete-device, Electonic components, Electrical component, Electrical components, Electronic Components, Electronic components, Photoelectric devices.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_component

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