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Enclosure

Index Enclosure

Enclosure (sometimes inclosure) was the legal process in England of consolidating (enclosing) small landholdings into larger farms. [1]

141 relations: Abahlali baseMjondolo, Abandoned village, Agriculture, Allen Lane, Ancient Rome, Arable land, Beacon Press, Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee, Bocage, Boughton House, Brazil, British Agricultural Revolution, Cambridge University Press, Capital (economics), Capitalism, Charles I of England, Church of England, Common land, Common-pool resource, Continuum International Publishing Group, Das Kapital, Deer park (England), Diggers, Downland, Duke of Buccleuch, Economics, Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset, Edward VI of England, England and Wales, English Civil War, Essex, Fanmi Lavalas, Feudalism, Francis Tresham, Fynes Moryson, George III of the United Kingdom, George Orwell, Georgian era, Georgism, Gerrard Winstanley, Gibbeting, Google Books, Green cheese, Gross domestic product, Gunpowder Plot, Heath, Henry VII of England, Henry VIII of England, Highland Clearances, Historical Association, ..., History, Homeless Workers' Movement, Homestead principle, Inclosure Acts, Industrial Revolution, Inflation, Intake (land), Isle of Axholme, James Boyle (academic), John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland, Karl Marx, Kent, Kett's Rebellion, Labour economics, Land consolidation, Landed gentry, Landflucht, Landless People's Movement, Landless Workers' Movement, Law of rent, Laxton, Nottinghamshire, Lincolnshire, Longman, Lord Protector, Lowland Clearances, Manor house, Manorialism, Marsh, Marxist historiography, Midland Revolt, Moorland, Narmada Bachao Andolan, Natural resource economics, New World, Newton, Northamptonshire, North Lincolnshire, Northern England, Oliver Goldsmith, Open-field system, Overexploitation, Oxford University Press, Park, Pasture, Patrick O'Brian, Pavilion Books, Peasant, Penguin Group, Personal Rule, Population decline, Prague, Precinct, Primitive accumulation of capital, Private property, Rack-rent, Range war, Resource-based economy, Restoration (England), Robert Crowley (printer), Royal forest, Rushton, Northamptonshire, Secretary of State (England), Sheep, Star Chamber, Statute of Merton, Statute of Westminster 1285, Subsistence agriculture, Swing Riots, The Deserted Village, The Fens, The Guardian, The History Press, The Journal of Economic History, The Yellow Admiral, Thomas More, Thomas Smith (diplomat), Thomas Wolsey, Tillage, Tower of London, Tragedy of the anticommons, Tragedy of the commons, Tudor period, Utopia (book), Vagrancy, Village green, Weald, Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign, Western Rising and disafforestation riots, William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, Working class, Yorkshire, Zapatista Army of National Liberation. Expand index (91 more) »

Abahlali baseMjondolo

Abahlali baseMjondolo (Shack Dwellers), also known as AbM or the red shirts,Richard Pithouse, ‘Our Struggle is Thought, on the Ground, Running'.

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Abandoned village

An abandoned village is a village that has, for some reason, been deserted.

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Agriculture

Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.

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Allen Lane

Sir Allen Lane (born Allen Lane Williams; 21 September 1902 – 7 July 1970) was a British publisher who together with his brothers Richard and John Lane founded Penguin Books in 1935, bringing high-quality paperback fiction and non-fiction to the mass market.

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Ancient Rome

In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.

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Arable land

Arable land (from Latin arabilis, "able to be plowed") is, according to one definition, land capable of being ploughed and used to grow crops.

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Beacon Press

Beacon Press is an American non-profit book publisher.

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Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee

Bhumi Uchhed Pratirodh Committee ('Committee against Land Evictions') was an organisation in West Bengal, India, formed to oppose the set-up of a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in the rural area of Nandigram.

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Bocage

Bocage is a terrain of mixed woodland and pasture.

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Boughton House

Boughton House is a country house about north-east of Kettering off the A422 road near Geddington in Northamptonshire, England.

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Brazil

Brazil (Brasil), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (República Federativa do Brasil), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America.

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British Agricultural Revolution

The British Agricultural Revolution, or Second Agricultural Revolution, was the unprecedented increase in agricultural production in Britain due to increases in labour and land productivity between the mid-17th and late 19th centuries.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.

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Capital (economics)

In economics, capital consists of an asset that can enhance one's power to perform economically useful work.

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Capitalism

Capitalism is an economic system based upon private ownership of the means of production and their operation for profit.

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Charles I of England

Charles I (19 November 1600 – 30 January 1649) was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649.

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Church of England

The Church of England (C of E) is the state church of England.

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Common land

Common land is land owned collectively by a number of persons, or by one person, but over which other people have certain traditional rights, such as to allow their livestock to graze upon it, to collect wood, or to cut turf for fuel.

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Common-pool resource

In economics, a common-pool resource (CPR) is a type of good consisting of a natural or human-made resource system (e.g. an irrigation system or fishing grounds), whose size or characteristics makes it costly, but not impossible, to exclude potential beneficiaries from obtaining benefits from its use.

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Continuum International Publishing Group

Continuum International Publishing Group was an academic publisher of books with editorial offices in London and New York City.

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Das Kapital

Das Kapital, also known as Capital.

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Deer park (England)

In medieval and Early Modern England, a deer park was an enclosed area containing deer.

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Diggers

The Diggers were a group of Protestant radicals in England, sometimes seen as forerunners of modern anarchism, and also associated with agrarian socialism and Georgism.

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Downland

A downland is an area of open chalk hills.

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Duke of Buccleuch

The title Duke of Buccleuch, formerly also spelt Duke of Buccleugh, is a title created twice in the Peerage of Scotland.

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Economics

Economics is the social science that studies the production, distribution, and consumption of goods and services.

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Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset

Edward Seymour, 1st Duke of Somerset (c. 1500 – 22 January 1552) was Lord Protector of England during part of the Tudor period from 1547 until 1549 during the minority of his nephew, King Edward VI (1547–1553).

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Edward VI of England

Edward VI (12 October 1537 – 6 July 1553) was King of England and Ireland from 28 January 1547 until his death.

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England and Wales

England and Wales is a legal jurisdiction covering England and Wales, two of the four countries of the United Kingdom.

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English Civil War

The English Civil War (1642–1651) was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians ("Roundheads") and Royalists ("Cavaliers") over, principally, the manner of England's governance.

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Essex

Essex is a county in the East of England.

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Fanmi Lavalas

Fanmi Lavalas (Lavalas Family, Lavalas is Haitian Creole for flood), is a social-democratic political party in Haiti.

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Feudalism

Feudalism was a combination of legal and military customs in medieval Europe that flourished between the 9th and 15th centuries.

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Francis Tresham

Francis Tresham (1567 – 23 December 1605), eldest son of Thomas Tresham and Merial Throckmorton, was a member of the group of English provincial Catholics who planned the failed Gunpowder Plot of 1605, a conspiracy to assassinate King James I of England.

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Fynes Moryson

Fynes Moryson (or Morison) (1566 – 12 February 1630) spent most of the decade of the 1590s travelling on the European continent and the eastern Mediterranean lands.

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George III of the United Kingdom

George III (George William Frederick; 4 June 1738 – 29 January 1820) was King of Great Britain and Ireland from 25 October 1760 until the union of the two countries on 1 January 1801, after which he was King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland until his death in 1820.

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George Orwell

Eric Arthur Blair (25 June 1903 – 21 January 1950), better known by his pen name George Orwell, was an English novelist, essayist, journalist and critic whose work is marked by lucid prose, awareness of social injustice, opposition to totalitarianism and outspoken support of democratic socialism.

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Georgian era

The Georgian era is a period in British history from 1714 to, named eponymously after kings George I, George II, George III and George IV.

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Georgism

Georgism, also called geoism and single tax (archaic), is an economic philosophy holding that, while people should own the value they produce themselves, economic value derived from land (including natural resources and natural opportunities) should belong equally to all members of society.

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Gerrard Winstanley

Gerrard Winstanley (19 October 1609 – 10 September 1676) was an English Protestant religious reformer, political philosopher, and activist during The Protectorate of Oliver Cromwell.

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Gibbeting

A gibbet is any instrument of public execution (including guillotine, executioner's block, impalement stake, hanging gallows, or related scaffold), but gibbeting refers to the use of a gallows-type structure from which the dead or dying bodies of criminals were hung on public display to deter other existing or potential criminals.

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Google Books

Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search and Google Print and by its codename Project Ocean) is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.

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Green cheese

Green cheese is a fresh cheese that has not thoroughly dried nor aged, which is white in colour and usually round in shape.

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Gross domestic product

Gross domestic product (GDP) is a monetary measure of the market value of all final goods and services produced in a period (quarterly or yearly) of time.

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Gunpowder Plot

The Gunpowder Plot of 1605, in earlier centuries often called the Gunpowder Treason Plot or the Jesuit Treason, was a failed assassination attempt against King James I of England and VI of Scotland by a group of provincial English Catholics led by Robert Catesby.

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Heath

A heath is a shrubland habitat found mainly on free-draining infertile, acidic soils and is characterised by open, low-growing woody vegetation.

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Henry VII of England

Henry VII (Harri Tudur; 28 January 1457 – 21 April 1509) was the King of England and Lord of Ireland from his seizure of the crown on 22 August 1485 to his death on 21 April 1509.

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Henry VIII of England

Henry VIII (28 June 1491 – 28 January 1547) was King of England from 1509 until his death.

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Highland Clearances

The Highland Clearances (Fuadaichean nan Gàidheal, the "eviction of the Gaels") were the evictions of a significant number of tenants in the Scottish Highlands mostly during the 18th and 19th centuries.

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Historical Association

The Historical Association is a membership organisation founded in 1906 and based in London, England.

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History

History (from Greek ἱστορία, historia, meaning "inquiry, knowledge acquired by investigation") is the study of the past as it is described in written documents.

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Homeless Workers' Movement

The Homeless Workers Movement (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Teto. MTST) is a shack-dwellers' movement in Brazil.

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Homestead principle

The homestead principle is the principle by which one gains ownership of an unowned natural resource by performing an act of original appropriation.

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Inclosure Acts

The Inclosure Acts were a series of Acts of Parliament that empowered enclosure of open fields and common land in England and Wales, creating legal property rights to land that was previously held in common.

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Industrial Revolution

The Industrial Revolution was the transition to new manufacturing processes in the period from about 1760 to sometime between 1820 and 1840.

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Inflation

In economics, inflation is a sustained increase in price level of goods and services in an economy over a period of time.

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Intake (land)

An intake is a parcel of land, of the order of, which has been "taken in" from a moor and brought under cultivation.

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Isle of Axholme

The Isle of Axholme is a geographical area of North Lincolnshire, England.

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James Boyle (academic)

James Boyle (born 1959) is a Scottish intellectual property scholar who is the William Neal Reynolds Professor of Law and co-founder of the Center for the Study of the Public Domain at Duke University School of Law in Durham, North Carolina.

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John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland

John Dudley, 1st Duke of Northumberland (1504Loades 2008 – 22 August 1553) was an English general, admiral, and politician, who led the government of the young King Edward VI from 1550 until 1553, and unsuccessfully tried to install Lady Jane Grey on the English throne after the King's death.

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Karl Marx

Karl MarxThe name "Karl Heinrich Marx", used in various lexicons, is based on an error.

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Kent

Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.

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Kett's Rebellion

Kett's Rebellion was a revolt in Norfolk, England during the reign of Edward VI, largely in response to the enclosure of land.

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Labour economics

Labour economics seeks to understand the functioning and dynamics of the markets for wage labour.

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Land consolidation

Land consolidation is a planned readjustment and rearrangement of land parcels and their ownership.

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Landed gentry

Landed gentry or gentry is a largely historical British social class consisting in theory of landowners who could live entirely from rental income, or at least had a country estate.

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Landflucht

Landflucht ("flight from the land") refers to the mass migration of peasants into the cities that occurred in Germany (and throughout much of Europe) in the late 19th century.

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Landless People's Movement

The Landless People's Movement is an independent social movement in South Africa.

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Landless Workers' Movement

Landless Workers' Movement (Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem Terra, MST) is a social movement in Brazil, inspired by Marxism, generally regarded as one of the largest in Latin America with an estimated informal membership of 1.5 million across 23 of Brazil's 26 states.

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Law of rent

The law of rent was formulated by David Ricardo around 1809, and presented in its most developed form in his magnum opus, On the Principles of Political Economy and Taxation.

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Laxton, Nottinghamshire

Laxton is a small village in the civil parish of Laxton and Moorhouse in the English county of Nottinghamshire, situated about 25 miles northeast of Nottingham city centre.

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Lincolnshire

Lincolnshire (abbreviated Lincs) is a county in east central England.

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Longman

Longman, commonly known as Pearson Longman, is a publishing company founded in London, England, in 1724 and is owned by Pearson PLC.

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Lord Protector

Lord Protector (pl. Lords Protectors) is a title that has been used in British constitutional law for the head of state.

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Lowland Clearances

The Lowland Clearances were one of the results of the Scottish Agricultural Revolution, which changed the traditional system of agriculture which had existed in Lowland Scotland in the seventeenth century.

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Manor house

A manor house was historically the main residence of the lord of the manor.

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Manorialism

Manorialism was an essential element of feudal society.

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Marsh

A marsh is a wetland that is dominated by herbaceous rather than woody plant species.

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Marxist historiography

Marxist historiography, or historical materialist historiography, is a school of historiography influenced by Marxism.

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Midland Revolt

The Midland Revolt was a popular uprising which took place in the Midlands of England in 1607.

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Moorland

Moorland or moor is a type of habitat found in upland areas in temperate grasslands, savannas, and shrublands and montane grasslands and shrublands biomes, characterised by low-growing vegetation on acidic soils.

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Narmada Bachao Andolan

Narmada Bachao Andolan (NBA) is a social movement consisting of adivasis, farmers, environmentalists and human rights activists against the number of large dams being built across the Narmada River, which flows through the states of Gujarat, Madhya Pradesh and Maharashtra.

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Natural resource economics

Natural resource economics deals with the supply, demand, and allocation of the Earth's natural resources.

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New World

The New World is one of the names used for the majority of Earth's Western Hemisphere, specifically the Americas (including nearby islands such as those of the Caribbean and Bermuda).

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Newton, Northamptonshire

Newton, sometimes called Newton in the Willows, is a small village in the Ise valley, Kettering, Northamptonshire.

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North Lincolnshire

North Lincolnshire is a unitary authority area in Lincolnshire, England, with a population of 167,446 at the 2011 census.

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Northern England

Northern England, also known simply as the North, is the northern part of England, considered as a single cultural area.

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Oliver Goldsmith

Oliver Goldsmith (10 November 1728 – 4 April 1774) was an Irish novelist, playwright and poet, who is best known for his novel The Vicar of Wakefield (1766), his pastoral poem The Deserted Village (1770), and his plays The Good-Natur'd Man (1768) and She Stoops to Conquer (1771, first performed in 1773).

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Open-field system

The open-field system was the prevalent agricultural system in much of Europe during the Middle Ages and lasted into the 20th century in parts of western Europe, Russia, Iran and Turkey.

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Overexploitation

Overexploitation, also called overharvesting, refers to harvesting a renewable resource to the point of diminishing returns.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Park

A park is an area of natural, semi-natural or planted space set aside for human enjoyment and recreation or for the protection of wildlife or natural habitats.

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Pasture

Pasture (from the Latin pastus, past participle of pascere, "to feed") is land used for grazing.

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Patrick O'Brian

Patrick O'Brian, CBE (12 December 1914 – 2 January 2000), born Richard Patrick Russ, was an English novelist and translator, best known for his Aubrey–Maturin series of sea novels set in the Royal Navy during the Napoleonic Wars, and centred on the friendship of the English naval captain Jack Aubrey and the Irish–Catalan physician Stephen Maturin.

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Pavilion Books

Pavilion Books Holdings Ltd is an English publishing company based in London.

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Peasant

A peasant is a pre-industrial agricultural laborer or farmer, especially one living in the Middle Ages under feudalism and paying rent, tax, fees or services to a landlord.

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Penguin Group

The Penguin Group is a trade book publisher and part of Penguin Random House.

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Personal Rule

The Personal Rule (also known as the Eleven Years' Tyranny) was the period from 1629 to 1640, when King Charles I of England, Scotland and Ireland ruled without recourse to Parliament.

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Population decline

A population decline (or depopulation) in humans is any great reduction in a human population caused by events such as long-term demographic trends, as in sub-replacement fertility, urban decay, white flight or rural flight, or due to violence, disease, or other catastrophes.

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Prague

Prague (Praha, Prag) is the capital and largest city in the Czech Republic, the 14th largest city in the European Union and also the historical capital of Bohemia.

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Precinct

A precinct is a space enclosed by the walls or other boundaries of a particular place or building, or by an arbitrary and imaginary line drawn around it.

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Primitive accumulation of capital

In Marxist economics and preceding theories,Perelman, p. 25 (ch. 2) the problem of primitive accumulation (also called previous accumulation, original accumulation) of capital concerns the origin of capital, and therefore of how class distinctions between possessors and non-possessors came to be.

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Private property

Private property is a legal designation for the ownership of property by non-governmental legal entities.

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Rack-rent

Rack-rent denotes two different concepts.

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Range war

A range war is a type of usually violent conflict, most commonly in the 19th and early 20th century in the American West.

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Resource-based economy

A resource-based economy or natural-resource-based economy is the economy of a country whose gross national product or gross domestic product to a large extent comes from natural resources.

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Restoration (England)

The Restoration of the English monarchy took place in the Stuart period.

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Robert Crowley (printer)

Robert Crowley also Robertus Croleus, Roberto Croleo, Robart Crowleye, Robarte Crole, and Crule (c. 1517 – 18 June 1588), was a stationer, poet, polemicist and Protestant clergyman who was among the Marian exiles at Frankfurt.

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Royal forest

A royal forest, occasionally "Kingswood", is an area of land with different definitions in England, Wales, and Scotland.

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Rushton, Northamptonshire

Rushton is a small hamlet and civil parish in Northamptonshire.

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Secretary of State (England)

In the Kingdom of England, the title of Secretary of State came into being near the end of the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558–1603), the usual title before that having been King's Clerk, King's Secretary, or Principal Secretary.

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Sheep

Domestic sheep (Ovis aries) are quadrupedal, ruminant mammal typically kept as livestock.

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Star Chamber

The Star Chamber (Latin: Camera stellata) was an English court of law which sat at the royal Palace of Westminster, from the late to the mid-17th century (c. 1641), and was composed of Privy Councillors and common-law judges, to supplement the judicial activities of the common-law and equity courts in civil and criminal matters.

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Statute of Merton

The Statute of Merton or Provisions of Merton (Latin: Provisiones de Merton, or Stat. Merton), sometimes also known as the Ancient Statute of Merton, is considered to be the first English statute, and is printed as the first statute in The Statutes of the Realm.

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Statute of Westminster 1285

The Statute of Westminster of 1285 (13 Edw. I, St. 1), also known as the Statute of Westminster II, like the Statute of Westminster 1275, is a code in itself, and contains the famous clause De donis conditionalibus (still in force in England and Wales), one of the fundamental institutes of the medieval land law of England.

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Subsistence agriculture

Subsistence agriculture is a self-sufficiency farming system in which the farmers focus on growing enough food to feed themselves and their entire families.

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Swing Riots

The Swing Riots were a widespread uprising in 1830 by agricultural workers in southern and eastern England, in protest of agricultural mechanisation and other harsh conditions.

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The Deserted Village

The Deserted Village is a poem by Oliver Goldsmith published in 1770.

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The Fens

The Fens, also known as the, are a coastal plain in eastern England.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The History Press

The History Press is a British publishing company specialising in the publication of titles devoted to local and specialist history.

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The Journal of Economic History

The Journal of Economic History is an academic journal of economic history which has been published since 1941.

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The Yellow Admiral

The Yellow Admiral is the eighteenth naval historical novel in the Aubrey-Maturin series by English author Patrick O'Brian, first published in 1996.

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Thomas More

Sir Thomas More (7 February 14786 July 1535), venerated in the Catholic Church as Saint Thomas More, was an English lawyer, social philosopher, author, statesman, and noted Renaissance humanist.

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Thomas Smith (diplomat)

Sir Thomas Smith (23 December 1513 – 12 August 1577) was an English scholar, parliamentarian and diplomat.

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Thomas Wolsey

Thomas Wolsey (c. March 1473 – 29 November 1530; sometimes spelled Woolsey or Wulcy) was an English churchman, statesman and a cardinal of the Catholic Church.

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Tillage

Tillage is the agricultural preparation of soil by mechanical agitation of various types, such as digging, stirring, and overturning.

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Tower of London

The Tower of London, officially Her Majesty's Royal Palace and Fortress of the Tower of London, is a historic castle located on the north bank of the River Thames in central London.

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Tragedy of the anticommons

The tragedy of the anticommons is a type of coordination breakdown, in which a single resource has numerous rightsholders who prevent others from using it, frustrating what would be a socially desirable outcome.

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Tragedy of the commons

The tragedy of the commons is a term used in social science to describe a situation in a shared-resource system where individual users acting independently according to their own self-interest behave contrary to the common good of all users by depleting or spoiling that resource through their collective action.

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Tudor period

The Tudor period is the period between 1485 and 1603 in England and Wales and includes the Elizabethan period during the reign of Elizabeth I until 1603.

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Utopia (book)

Utopia (Libellus vere aureus, nec minus salutaris quam festivus, de optimo rei publicae statu deque nova insula Utopia) is a work of fiction and socio-political satire by Thomas More (1478–1535) published in 1516 in Latin.

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Vagrancy

Vagrancy is the condition of a person who wanders from place to place homeless with no regular employment nor income, referred to as a vagrant, vagabond, rogue, tramp or drifter.

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Village green

A village green is a common open area within a village or other settlement.

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Weald

The Weald is an area of South East England between the parallel chalk escarpments of the North and the South Downs.

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Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign

The Western Cape Anti-Eviction Campaign is a non-racial popular movement made up of poor and oppressed communities in Cape Town, South Africa.

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Western Rising and disafforestation riots

The Western Rising was a series of riots which took place during 1626–1632 in Gillingham Forest on the Wiltshire-Dorset border, Braydon Forest in Wiltshire, and Dean Forest, Gloucestershire, in response to disafforestation of royal forests, sale of royal lands and enclosure of property by the new owners.

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William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley

William Cecil, 1st Baron Burghley, (13 September 15204 August 1598) was an English statesman, the chief advisor of Queen Elizabeth I for most of her reign, twice Secretary of State (1550–1553 and 1558–1572) and Lord High Treasurer from 1572.

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Working class

The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.

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Yorkshire

Yorkshire (abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom.

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Zapatista Army of National Liberation

The Zapatista Army of National Liberation (Ejército Zapatista de Liberación Nacional, EZLN), often referred to as the Zapatistas, is a left-wing revolutionary political and militant group based in Chiapas, the southernmost state of Mexico.

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Redirects here:

Advantages of enclosure, Bill of enclosure, Bills of enclosure, Commissioner of Enclosures, Enclose the commons, Enclosed, Enclosing, Enclosure (Agricultural Revolution), Enclosure Movement, Enclosure movement, Enclosure of commons, Enclosure of land, Enclosure of the commons, Enclosure riots, Enclosures, Inclosure, Land enclosure, The English Enclosures.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enclosure

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