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16 relations: Antibody, Antigen, Complementarity-determining region, Enzyme, Epitope, Fragment crystallizable region, Immunoglobulin heavy chain, Immunoglobulin light chain, Monomer, N-terminus, Papain, Paratope, Pepsin, Redox, Single-chain variable fragment, Streptococcus pyogenes.
Antibody
An antibody (Ab), also known as an immunoglobulin (Ig), is a large, Y-shaped protein produced mainly by plasma cells that is used by the immune system to neutralize pathogens such as pathogenic bacteria and viruses.
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Antigen
In immunology, an antigen is a molecule capable of inducing an immune response (to produce an antibody) in the host organism.
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Complementarity-determining region
Complementarity-determining regions (CDRs) are part of the variable chains in immunoglobulins (antibodies) and T cell receptors, generated by B-cells and T-cells respectively, where these molecules bind to their specific antigen.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Epitope
An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells.
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Fragment crystallizable region
The fragment crystallizable region (Fc region) is the tail region of an antibody that interacts with cell surface receptors called Fc receptors and some proteins of the complement system.
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Immunoglobulin heavy chain
The immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH) is the large polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin).
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Immunoglobulin light chain
The immunoglobulin light chain is the small polypeptide subunit of an antibody (immunoglobulin).
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Monomer
A monomer (mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that "can undergo polymerization thereby contributing constitutional units to the essential structure of a macromolecule".
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N-terminus
The N-terminus (also known as the amino-terminus, NH2-terminus, N-terminal end or amine-terminus) is the start of a protein or polypeptide referring to the free amine group (-NH2) located at the end of a polypeptide.
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Papain
Papain, also known as papaya proteinase I, is a cysteine protease enzyme present in papaya (Carica papaya) and mountain papaya (Vasconcellea cundinamarcensis).
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Paratope
A paratope, also called an antigen-binding site, is a part of an antibody which recognizes and binds to an antigen.
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Pepsin
Pepsin is an endopeptidase that breaks down proteins into smaller peptides (that is, a protease).
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Single-chain variable fragment
A single-chain variable fragment (scFv) is not actually a fragment of an antibody, but instead is a fusion protein of the variable regions of the heavy (VH) and light chains (VL) of immunoglobulins, connected with a short linker peptide of ten to about 25 amino acids.
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Streptococcus pyogenes
Streptococcus pyogenes is a species of Gram-positive bacteria.
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Antigen binding fragment, Antigen-binding fragment, F(ab')2, F(ab')2 fragment, FAB fragment, FAB region, Fab domain, Fab fragment, Fab region, Fab regions, Fab', Fab' fragment, Fragment antigen binding, Fragment binding antigen, Immunoglobulin fab fragments.
