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111 relations: Acetylene, Adiabatic process, Analytical chemistry, Applied science, Atmosphere, Atmosphere of Earth, Atmospheric pressure, Backdraft, Biogas, Black body, Black-body radiation, Blow torch, Bunsen burner, Burn rate (chemistry), Butane, Candle, Carbon, Carbon monoxide, Charcoal, Chemical decomposition, Chemical formula, Chemical kinetics, Chemical reaction, Chlorine, Color, Combustion, Cyanogen, Diatomic carbon, Dicyanoacetylene, Diffusion flame, Dinitrogen tetroxide, Earth, Electric field, Electromagnetic radiation, Electron, Emission spectrum, Energy, Evaporation, Excited state, Exothermic process, Fire, Fireworks, Flame detector, Flame test, Flash point, Fluorine, Fluoropolymer, Fuel, Fuel efficiency, Fusion power, ..., Gas, Gasoline, Gravity, Heat, Humphry Davy, Hydrazine, Hydrocarbon, Hydrogen, Hydrogen chloride, Hypergolic propellant, Incandescence, Industry, International Flame Research Foundation, Ionization, Kerosene, Laboratory, Laminar flow, Light, Lighter, Magnesium, Magnesium/Teflon/Viton, MAPP gas, Methane, Methanol, Methylidyne radical, Micro-g environment, Molecule, NASA, Nitrogen, Orbit, Oxidizing agent, Oxidizing and reducing flames, Oxy-fuel welding and cutting, Oxygen, Ozone, Paraffin wax, Periodic Videos, Plasma (physics), Premixed flame, Propane torch, Pyrotechnic colorant, Pyrotechnics, Radical (chemistry), Redox, Rocket engine, Smoke, Soot, Spectral bands, Spectral line, Stoichiometry, Structure fire, Swan band, Temperature, The Combustion Institute, Thermal conductivity, Type Ia supernova, University of Nottingham, Vaporization, Visible spectrum, Weightlessness, Wood. Expand index (61 more) »
Acetylene
Acetylene (systematic name: ethyne) is the chemical compound with the formula C2H2.
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Adiabatic process
In thermodynamics, an adiabatic process is one that occurs without transfer of heat or matter between a thermodynamic system and its surroundings.
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Analytical chemistry
Analytical chemistry studies and uses instruments and methods used to separate, identify, and quantify matter.
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Applied science
Applied science is the application of existing scientific knowledge to practical applications, like technology or inventions.
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Atmosphere
An atmosphere is a layer or a set of layers of gases surrounding a planet or other material body, that is held in place by the gravity of that body.
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Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.
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Atmospheric pressure
Atmospheric pressure, sometimes also called barometric pressure, is the pressure within the atmosphere of Earth (or that of another planet).
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Backdraft
A backdraft is a dramatic event caused by a fire, resulting from rapid re-introduction of oxygen to combustion in an oxygen-depleted environment; for example, the breaking of a window or opening of a door to an enclosed space.
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Biogas
Biogas typically refers to a mixture of different gases produced by the breakdown of organic matter in the absence of oxygen.
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Black body
A black body is an idealized physical body that absorbs all incident electromagnetic radiation, regardless of frequency or angle of incidence.
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Black-body radiation
Black-body radiation is the thermal electromagnetic radiation within or surrounding a body in thermodynamic equilibrium with its environment, or emitted by a black body (an opaque and non-reflective body).
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Blow torch
A blowtorch (U.S. and Australia), or blowlamp (UK), is a fuel-burning tool used for applying flame and heat to various applications, usually metalworking.
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Bunsen burner
A Bunsen burner, named after Robert Bunsen, is a common piece of laboratory equipment that produces a single open gas flame, which is used for heating, sterilization, and combustion.
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Burn rate (chemistry)
In chemistry, the burn rate (or burning rate) is a measure of the linear combustion rate of a compound or substance such as a candle or a solid propellant.
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Butane
Butane is an organic compound with the formula C4H10 that is an alkane with four carbon atoms.
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Candle
A candle is an ignitable wick embedded in wax, or another flammable solid substance such as tallow, that provides light, and in some cases, a fragrance.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air.
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Charcoal
Charcoal is the lightweight black carbon and ash residue hydrocarbon produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances.
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Chemical decomposition
Chemical decomposition, analysis or breakdown is the separation of a single chemical compound into its two or more elemental parts or to simpler compounds.
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Chemical formula
A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs.
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Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the study of rates of chemical processes.
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Chemical reaction
A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.
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Chlorine
Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.
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Color
Color (American English) or colour (Commonwealth English) is the characteristic of human visual perception described through color categories, with names such as red, orange, yellow, green, blue, or purple.
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Combustion
Combustion, or burning, is a high-temperature exothermic redox chemical reaction between a fuel (the reductant) and an oxidant, usually atmospheric oxygen, that produces oxidized, often gaseous products, in a mixture termed as smoke.
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Cyanogen
Cyanogen is the chemical compound with the formula (CN)2.
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Diatomic carbon
Diatomic carbon (systematically named ethenediylidene and dicarbon(C—C)), also called dicarbon, is an inorganic chemical with the chemical formula C.
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Dicyanoacetylene
Dicyanoacetylene, also called carbon subnitride or but-2-ynedinitrile (IUPAC), is a compound of carbon and nitrogen with chemical formula C4N2.
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Diffusion flame
Glassman,I., Yetter, R.A. (2008) Combustion.
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Dinitrogen tetroxide
Dinitrogen tetroxide, commonly referred to as nitrogen tetroxide, is the chemical compound N2O4.
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Earth
Earth is the third planet from the Sun and the only astronomical object known to harbor life.
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Electric field
An electric field is a vector field surrounding an electric charge that exerts force on other charges, attracting or repelling them.
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Electromagnetic radiation
In physics, electromagnetic radiation (EM radiation or EMR) refers to the waves (or their quanta, photons) of the electromagnetic field, propagating (radiating) through space-time, carrying electromagnetic radiant energy.
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Electron
The electron is a subatomic particle, symbol or, whose electric charge is negative one elementary charge.
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Emission spectrum
The emission spectrum of a chemical element or chemical compound is the spectrum of frequencies of electromagnetic radiation emitted due to an atom or molecule making a transition from a high energy state to a lower energy state.
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Energy
In physics, energy is the quantitative property that must be transferred to an object in order to perform work on, or to heat, the object.
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Evaporation
Evaporation is a type of vaporization that occurs on the surface of a liquid as it changes into the gaseous phase before reaching its boiling point.
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Excited state
In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state (that is, more energy than the absolute minimum).
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Exothermic process
In thermodynamics, the term exothermic process (exo-: "outside") describes a process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen).
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Fire
Fire is the rapid oxidation of a material in the exothermic chemical process of combustion, releasing heat, light, and various reaction products.
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Fireworks
Fireworks are a class of low explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes.
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Flame detector
A flame detector is a sensor designed to detect and respond to the presence of a flame or fire, allowing flame detection.
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Flame test
A flame test is an analytic procedure used in chemistry to detect the presence of certain elements, primarily metal ions, based on each element's characteristic emission spectrum.
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Flash point
The flash point of a volatile material is the lowest temperature at which vapours of the material will ignite, when given an ignition source.
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Fluorine
Fluorine is a chemical element with symbol F and atomic number 9.
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Fluoropolymer
A fluoropolymer is a fluorocarbon-based polymer with multiple carbon–fluorine bonds.
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Fuel
A fuel is any material that can be made to react with other substances so that it releases energy as heat energy or to be used for work.
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Fuel efficiency
Fuel efficiency is a form of thermal efficiency, meaning the ratio from effort to result of a process that converts chemical potential energy contained in a carrier (fuel) into kinetic energy or work.
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Fusion power
Fusion power is a form of power generation in which energy is generated by using fusion reactions to produce heat for electricity generation.
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Gas
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma).
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Gasoline
Gasoline (American English), or petrol (British English), is a transparent, petroleum-derived liquid that is used primarily as a fuel in spark-ignited internal combustion engines.
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Gravity
Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.
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Heat
In thermodynamics, heat is energy transferred from one system to another as a result of thermal interactions.
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Humphry Davy
Sir Humphry Davy, 1st Baronet (17 December 177829 May 1829) was a Cornish chemist and inventor, who is best remembered today for isolating, using electricity, a series of elements for the first time: potassium and sodium in 1807 and calcium, strontium, barium, magnesium and boron the following year, as well as discovering the elemental nature of chlorine and iodine.
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Hydrazine
Hydrazine is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula (also written), called diamidogen, archaically.
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Hydrocarbon
In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
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Hydrogen
Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.
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Hydrogen chloride
The compound hydrogen chloride has the chemical formula and as such is a hydrogen halide.
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Hypergolic propellant
A hypergolic propellant combination used in a rocket engine is one whose components spontaneously ignite when they come into contact with each other.
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Incandescence
Incandescence is the emission of electromagnetic radiation (including visible light) from a hot body as a result of its temperature.
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Industry
Industry is the production of goods or related services within an economy.
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International Flame Research Foundation
The International Flame Research Foundation – IFRF is a non-profit research association and network created in 1948 in IJmuiden (Netherlands), established in Livorno (Italy) between 2005 and 2016 (Fondazione Internazionale per la Ricerca Sulla Combustione – ONLUS), and in Sheffield (UK) since 2017.
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Ionization
Ionization or ionisation, is the process by which an atom or a molecule acquires a negative or positive charge by gaining or losing electrons to form ions, often in conjunction with other chemical changes.
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Kerosene
Kerosene, also known as paraffin, lamp oil, and coal oil (an obsolete term), is a combustible hydrocarbon liquid which is derived from petroleum.
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Laboratory
A laboratory (informally, lab) is a facility that provides controlled conditions in which scientific or technological research, experiments, and measurement may be performed.
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Laminar flow
In fluid dynamics, laminar flow (or streamline flow) occurs when a fluid flows in parallel layers, with no disruption between the layers.
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Light
Light is electromagnetic radiation within a certain portion of the electromagnetic spectrum.
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Lighter
A lighter is a portable device used to create a flame, and to ignite a variety of combustible materials, such as cigars, gas stoves, fireworks, candles or cigarettes.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Magnesium/Teflon/Viton
Magnesium/Teflon/Viton (MTV) is a pyrolant.
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MAPP gas
"MAPP gas" is a trademarked name, belonging to The Linde Group, and previously belonging to the Dow Chemical Company, for a fuel gas based on a stabilized mixture of methylacetylene (propyne) and propadiene.
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Methane
Methane is a chemical compound with the chemical formula (one atom of carbon and four atoms of hydrogen).
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Methanol
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol among others, is a chemical with the formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated MeOH).
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Methylidyne radical
Methylidyne (also systematically named hydridocarbon(•)), also called carbyne, is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH• (also written as). Methylidyne is the simplest carbyne.
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Micro-g environment
The term micro-g environment (also µg, often referred to by the term microgravity) is more or less a synonym for weightlessness and zero-g, but indicates that g-forces are not quite zero—just very small.
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Molecule
A molecule is an electrically neutral group of two or more atoms held together by chemical bonds.
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NASA
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.
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Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
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Orbit
In physics, an orbit is the gravitationally curved trajectory of an object, such as the trajectory of a planet around a star or a natural satellite around a planet.
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Oxidizing agent
In chemistry, an oxidizing agent (oxidant, oxidizer) is a substance that has the ability to oxidize other substances — in other words to cause them to lose electrons.
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Oxidizing and reducing flames
In various burners, the oxidizing flame is the flame produced with an excessive amount of oxygen.
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Oxy-fuel welding and cutting
Principle of the burn cutting Oxy-fuel welding (commonly called oxyacetylene welding, oxy welding, or gas welding in the U.S.) and oxy-fuel cutting are processes that use fuel gases and oxygen to weld and cut metals, respectively.
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Oxygen
Oxygen is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8.
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Ozone
Ozone, or trioxygen, is an inorganic molecule with the chemical formula.
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Paraffin wax
Paraffin wax is a white or colourless soft solid, derived from petroleum, coal or oil shale, that consists of a mixture of hydrocarbon molecules containing between twenty and forty carbon atoms.
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Periodic Videos
The Periodic Table of Videos (usually shortened to Periodic Videos) is a series of videos about chemical elements and the periodic table.
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Plasma (physics)
Plasma (Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek English Lexicon, on Perseus) is one of the four fundamental states of matter, and was first described by chemist Irving Langmuir in the 1920s.
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Premixed flame
A premixed flame is a flame formed under certain conditions during the combustion of a premixed charge (also called pre-mixture) of fuel and oxidiser.
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Propane torch
A propane torch is a tool normally used for the application of flame or heat which uses propane, a hydrocarbon gas for its fuel.
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Pyrotechnic colorant
A pyrotechnic colorant is a chemical compound which causes a flame to burn with a particular color.
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Pyrotechnics
Pyrotechnics is the science of using materials capable of undergoing self-contained and self-sustained exothermic chemical reactions for the production of heat, light, gas, smoke and/or sound.
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Radical (chemistry)
In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Rocket engine
A rocket engine uses stored rocket propellant mass for forming its high-speed propulsive jet.
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Smoke
Smoke is a collection of airborne solid and liquid particulates and gases emitted when a material undergoes combustion or pyrolysis, together with the quantity of air that is entrained or otherwise mixed into the mass.
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Soot
Soot is a mass of impure carbon particles resulting from the incomplete combustion of hydrocarbons.
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Spectral bands
Spectral bands are part of optical spectra of polyatomic systems, including condensed materials, large molecules, etc.
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Spectral line
A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies.
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Stoichiometry
Stoichiometry is the calculation of reactants and products in chemical reactions.
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Structure fire
A structure fire is a fire involving the structural components of various types of residential, commercial or industrial buildings.
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Swan band
Swan bands are a characteristic of the spectra of carbon stars, comets and of burning hydrocarbon fuels.
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Temperature
Temperature is a physical quantity expressing hot and cold.
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The Combustion Institute
The Combustion Institute is an educational non-profit, international, scientific and engineering society whose purpose is to promote research in combustion science.
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Thermal conductivity
Thermal conductivity (often denoted k, λ, or κ) is the property of a material to conduct heat.
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Type Ia supernova
A type Ia supernova (read "type one-a") is a type of supernova that occurs in binary systems (two stars orbiting one another) in which one of the stars is a white dwarf.
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University of Nottingham
The University of Nottingham is a public research university in Nottingham, United Kingdom.
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Vaporization
Vaporization (or vapourisation) of an element or compound is a phase transition from the liquid phase to vapor.
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Visible spectrum
The visible spectrum is the portion of the electromagnetic spectrum that is visible to the human eye.
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Weightlessness
Weightlessness, or an absence of weight, is an absence of stress and strain resulting from externally applied mechanical contact-forces, typically normal forces (from floors, seats, beds, scales, etc.). Counterintuitively, a uniform gravitational field does not by itself cause stress or strain, and a body in free fall in such an environment experiences no g-force acceleration and feels weightless.
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Wood
Wood is a porous and fibrous structural tissue found in the stems and roots of trees and other woody plants.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flame
