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Fractional quantum Hall effect

Index Fractional quantum Hall effect

The fractional quantum Hall effect (FQHE) is a physical phenomenon in which the Hall conductance of 2D electrons shows precisely quantised plateaus at fractional values of e^2/h. [1]

47 relations: Anyon, Arthur Gossard, Bertrand Halperin, Boson, Charge carrier, Chemical polarity, Composite fermion, Daniel C. Tsui, Electric current, Elementary charge, Emergence, Excited state, Fermion, Fractionalization, French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission, Gallium arsenide, Hall effect sensor, Heterojunction, Horst Ludwig Störmer, Israel, Jainendra K. Jain, Laughlin wavefunction, Nature (journal), New York (state), Nobel Prize in Physics, Paris, Physical Review B, Physical Review Letters, Physics Letters, Physics World, Quantum anomalous Hall effect, Quantum Hall effect, Quantum Hall transitions, Quantum phase transition, Quantum spin Hall effect, Quasiparticle, Rehovot, Reviews of Modern Physics, Robert B. Laughlin, Science (journal), Shot noise, Stony Brook University, Symmetry breaking, Topological order, Topological quantum computer, Two-dimensional electron gas, Weizmann Institute of Science.

Anyon

In physics, an anyon is a type of quasiparticle that occurs only in ''two''-dimensional systems, with properties much less restricted than fermions and bosons.

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Arthur Gossard

Arthur C. Gossard is a professor of Materials and Electrical Engineering at the University of California, Santa Barbara.

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Bertrand Halperin

Bertrand I. Halperin (born December 6, 1941) is the Hollis Professor of Mathematics and Natural Philosophy at the physics department of Harvard University.

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Boson

In quantum mechanics, a boson is a particle that follows Bose–Einstein statistics.

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Charge carrier

In physics, a charge carrier is a particle free to move, carrying an electric charge, especially the particles that carry electric charges in electrical conductors.

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Chemical polarity

In chemistry, polarity is a separation of electric charge leading to a molecule or its chemical groups having an electric dipole or multipole moment.

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Composite fermion

A composite fermion is the topological bound state of an electron and an even number of quantized vortices, sometimes visually pictured as the bound state of an electron and, attached, an even number of magnetic flux quanta.

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Daniel C. Tsui

Daniel Chee Tsui (born February 28, 1939) is a Chinese-born American physicist whose areas of research included electrical properties of thin films and microstructures of semiconductors and solid-state physics.

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Electric current

An electric current is a flow of electric charge.

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Elementary charge

The elementary charge, usually denoted as or sometimes, is the electric charge carried by a single proton, or equivalently, the magnitude of the electric charge carried by a single electron, which has charge.

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Emergence

In philosophy, systems theory, science, and art, emergence occurs when "the whole is greater than the sum of the parts," meaning the whole has properties its parts do not have.

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Excited state

In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state (that is, more energy than the absolute minimum).

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Fermion

In particle physics, a fermion is a particle that follows Fermi–Dirac statistics.

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Fractionalization

In physics, fractionalization is the phenomenon whereby the quasiparticles of a system cannot be constructed as combinations of its elementary constituents.

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French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission

The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission or CEA (French: Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives), is a French public government-funded research organisation in the areas of energy, defense and security, information technologies and health technologies.

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Gallium arsenide

Gallium arsenide (GaAs) is a compound of the elements gallium and arsenic.

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Hall effect sensor

A Hall effect sensor is a transducer that varies its output voltage in response to a magnetic field.

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Heterojunction

A heterojunction is the interface that occurs between two layers or regions of dissimilar crystalline semiconductors.

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Horst Ludwig Störmer

Horst Ludwig Störmer (born April 6, 1949) is a German-born American physicist, Nobel laureate and emeritus professor at Columbia University.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

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Jainendra K. Jain

Jainendra K. Jain, an Indian-American physicist, is the Evan Pugh University Professor and Erwin W. Mueller Professor of Physics at Pennsylvania State University.

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Laughlin wavefunction

In condensed matter physics, the Laughlin wavefunction is an ansatz, proposed by Robert Laughlin for the ground state of a two-dimensional electron gas placed in a uniform background magnetic field in the presence of a uniform jellium background when the filling factor (Quantum Hall effect) of the lowest Landau level is \nu.

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Nature (journal)

Nature is a British multidisciplinary scientific journal, first published on 4 November 1869.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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Nobel Prize in Physics

The Nobel Prize in Physics (Nobelpriset i fysik) is a yearly award given by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences for those who conferred the most outstanding contributions for mankind in the field of physics.

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Paris

Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.

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Physical Review B

Physical Review B: Condensed Matter and Materials Physics (also known as PRB) is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal, published by the American Physical Society (APS).

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Physical Review Letters

Physical Review Letters (PRL), established in 1958, is a peer-reviewed, scientific journal that is published 52 times per year by the American Physical Society.

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Physics Letters

Physics Letters was a scientific journal published from 1962 to 1966, when it split in two series now published by Elsevier.

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Physics World

Physics World is the membership magazine of the Institute of Physics, one of the largest physical societies in the world.

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Quantum anomalous Hall effect

Quantum anomalous Hall effect is the "quantum" version of the anomalous Hall effect.

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Quantum Hall effect

The quantum Hall effect (or integer quantum Hall effect) is a quantum-mechanical version of the Hall effect, observed in two-dimensional electron systems subjected to low temperatures and strong magnetic fields, in which the Hall conductance undergoes quantum Hall transitions to take on the quantized values where is the channel current, is the Hall voltage, is the elementary charge and is Planck's constant.

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Quantum Hall transitions

Quantum Hall transitions are the quantum phase transitions that occur between different robustly quantized electronic phases of the quantum Hall effect.

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Quantum phase transition

In physics, a quantum phase transition (QPT) is a phase transition between different quantum phases (phases of matter at zero temperature).

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Quantum spin Hall effect

The quantum spin Hall state is a state of matter proposed to exist in special, two-dimensional, semiconductors that have a quantized spin-Hall conductance and a vanishing charge-Hall conductance.

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Quasiparticle

In physics, quasiparticles and collective excitations (which are closely related) are emergent phenomena that occur when a microscopically complicated system such as a solid behaves as if it contained different weakly interacting particles in free space.

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Rehovot

Rehovot (רְחוֹבוֹת) is a city in the Central District of Israel, about south of Tel Aviv.

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Reviews of Modern Physics

Reviews of Modern Physics is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the American Physical Society.

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Robert B. Laughlin

Robert Betts Laughlin (born November 1, 1950) is the Anne T. and Robert M. Bass Professor of Physics and Applied Physics at Stanford University.

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Science (journal)

Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.

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Shot noise

Shot noise or Poisson noise is a type of electronic noise which can be modeled by a Poisson process.

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Stony Brook University

The State University of New York at Stony Brook (also known as Stony Brook University or SUNY Stony Brook) is a public sea-grant and space-grant research university in the eastern United States.

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Symmetry breaking

In physics, symmetry breaking is a phenomenon in which (infinitesimally) small fluctuations acting on a system crossing a critical point decide the system's fate, by determining which branch of a bifurcation is taken.

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Topological order

In physics, topological order is a kind of order in the zero-temperature phase of matter (also known as quantum matter).

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Topological quantum computer

A topological quantum computer is a theoretical quantum computer that employs two-dimensional quasiparticles called anyons, whose world lines pass around one another to form braids in a three-dimensional spacetime (i.e., one temporal plus two spatial dimensions).

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Two-dimensional electron gas

A two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) is a scientific model in solid-state physics.

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Weizmann Institute of Science

The Weizmann Institute of Science (מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) is a public research university in Rehovot, Israel, established in 1934, 14 years before the State of Israel.

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FQH, FQHE, Fqhe, Fractional Hall effect, Fractional Quantum Hall Effect, Fractional Quantum Hall effect, Fractional quantum hall effect.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fractional_quantum_Hall_effect

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