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32 relations: Alfonso V of León, Almanzor, Andregoto Galíndez, Basque language, Battle of Calatañazor, Battle of Cervera, Calatayud, Caliphate of Córdoba, Catholic Church, Córdoba, Spain, County of Aragon, Fernando Bermúdez de Cea, Fernán González of Castile, Galindo Aznárez II, García Gómez, García Sánchez I of Pamplona, Gonzalo Fernández of Castile, Jiménez dynasty, Kingdom of Castile, Kingdom of León, Kingdom of Navarre, List of Navarrese monarchs, Monastery of Leyre, Muslim, Ramón Menéndez Pidal, Sancho García of Castile, Sancho I of Pamplona, Sancho II of Pamplona, Sancho III of Pamplona, Sancho Ramírez of Viguera, Toda of Pamplona, Urraca Fernández.
Alfonso V of León
Alfonso V (9947 August 1028), called the Noble, was King of León from 999 to 1028.
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Almanzor
Abu ʿĀmir Muḥammad bin ʿAbdullāh ibn Abi ʿĀmir, al-Ḥājib al-Manṣūr (أبو عامر محمد بن عبد الله بن أبي عامر الحاجب المنصور) (c. 938 – August 8, 1002), better known as Almanzor, was for 24 years (978–1002) the de facto ruler of Muslim Iberia (al-Andalus) under the Umayyad Caliphate of Córdoba (Khilāfat Qurṭuba).
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Andregoto Galíndez
Andregoto Galíndez (literally Lady Goth, daughter of Galindo, from Basque title andre) was daughter of Count Galindo II Aznárez Count of Aragon by his second wife, Sancha Garcés of Pamplona.
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Basque language
Basque (euskara) is a language spoken in the Basque country and Navarre. Linguistically, Basque is unrelated to the other languages of Europe and, as a language isolate, to any other known living language. The Basques are indigenous to, and primarily inhabit, the Basque Country, a region that straddles the westernmost Pyrenees in adjacent parts of northern Spain and southwestern France. The Basque language is spoken by 28.4% of Basques in all territories (751,500). Of these, 93.2% (700,300) are in the Spanish area of the Basque Country and the remaining 6.8% (51,200) are in the French portion. Native speakers live in a contiguous area that includes parts of four Spanish provinces and the three "ancient provinces" in France. Gipuzkoa, most of Biscay, a few municipalities of Álava, and the northern area of Navarre formed the core of the remaining Basque-speaking area before measures were introduced in the 1980s to strengthen the language. By contrast, most of Álava, the western part of Biscay and central and southern areas of Navarre are predominantly populated by native speakers of Spanish, either because Basque was replaced by Spanish over the centuries, in some areas (most of Álava and central Navarre), or because it was possibly never spoken there, in other areas (Enkarterri and southeastern Navarre). Under Restorationist and Francoist Spain, public use of Basque was frowned upon, often regarded as a sign of separatism; this applied especially to those regions that did not support Franco's uprising (such as Biscay or Gipuzkoa). However, in those Basque-speaking regions that supported the uprising (such as Navarre or Álava) the Basque language was more than merely tolerated. Overall, in the 1960s and later, the trend reversed and education and publishing in Basque began to flourish. As a part of this process, a standardised form of the Basque language, called Euskara Batua, was developed by the Euskaltzaindia in the late 1960s. Besides its standardised version, the five historic Basque dialects are Biscayan, Gipuzkoan, and Upper Navarrese in Spain, and Navarrese–Lapurdian and Souletin in France. They take their names from the historic Basque provinces, but the dialect boundaries are not congruent with province boundaries. Euskara Batua was created so that Basque language could be used—and easily understood by all Basque speakers—in formal situations (education, mass media, literature), and this is its main use today. In both Spain and France, the use of Basque for education varies from region to region and from school to school. A language isolate, Basque is believed to be one of the few surviving pre-Indo-European languages in Europe, and the only one in Western Europe. The origin of the Basques and of their languages is not conclusively known, though the most accepted current theory is that early forms of Basque developed prior to the arrival of Indo-European languages in the area, including the Romance languages that geographically surround the Basque-speaking region. Basque has adopted a good deal of its vocabulary from the Romance languages, and Basque speakers have in turn lent their own words to Romance speakers. The Basque alphabet uses the Latin script.
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Battle of Calatañazor
The Battle of Calatañazor was a legendary battle of the Reconquista that supposedly took place in July 1002 at Calatañazor between an army of invading Saracens under Almanzor and a force of Christian allies led by Alfonso V of León, Sancho III of Navarre, and Sancho García of Castile.
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Battle of Cervera
The Battle of Cervera took place near Espinosa de Cervera on 29 July 1000 between the Christian troops of counts Sancho García of Castile and García Gómez of Saldaña and the Muslim Caliphate of Córdoba under the hajib Almanzor.
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Calatayud
Calatayud (Calatayú; 2014 pop. 20,658, declining during the last decade due to migration) is a municipality in the Province of Zaragoza, within Aragón, Spain, lying on the river Jalón, in the midst of the Sistema Ibérico mountain range.
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Caliphate of Córdoba
The Caliphate of Córdoba (خلافة قرطبة; trans. Khilāfat Qurṭuba) was a state in Islamic Iberia along with a part of North Africa ruled by the Umayyad dynasty.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Córdoba, Spain
Córdoba, also called Cordoba or Cordova in English, is a city in Andalusia, southern Spain, and the capital of the province of Córdoba.
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County of Aragon
The County of Aragon or County of Jaca was a small Frankish marcher county in the central Pyrenean valley of the Aragon river, comprising Ansó, Echo, and Canfranc and centered on the small town of Jaca (Iacca in Latin and Chaca in Aragonese), an area now part of Spain.
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Fernando Bermúdez de Cea
Fernando Bermúdez (died c. 978), the second Count of Cea, was the son of Bermudo Núñez and his wife Argilo.
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Fernán González of Castile
Fernán González (died 970) was the first autonomous count of Castile, son of Gonzalo Fernández de Burgos, who had been named count of Arlanza and the Duero around the year 900, and by tradition a descendant of semi-legendary judge Nuño Rasura.
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Galindo Aznárez II
Galindo Aznárez II (died 922) was Count of Aragon (893922), the son of Aznar Galíndez II and his wife Onneca Garcés, daughter of King García Íñiguez of Pamplona.
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García Gómez
García Gómez (died after 1017) was a Leonese count, at least from 971.
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García Sánchez I of Pamplona
García Sánchez I (Basque: Gartzea I.a Santxez; c. 919 – 970), also known as García I, was King of Pamplona from 925 until his death in 970.
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Gonzalo Fernández of Castile
Gonzalo Fernández was Count of Burgos (ca. 899-915) and of Castile (c. 909-915).
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Jiménez dynasty
The Jiménez or Giménez/Ximenes, alternatively called the Jimena, the Sancha, the Banu Sancho, the Abarca or the Banu Abarca,Alberto Cañada Juste, "¿Quién fue Sancho Abarca?, Príncipe de Viana, 73: 79-132.
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Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (Reino de Castilla, Regnum Castellae) was a large and powerful state on the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages.
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Kingdom of León
The Kingdom of León (Astur-Leonese: Reinu de Llïón, Reino de León, Reino de León, Reino de Leão, Regnum Legionense) was an independent kingdom situated in the northwest region of the Iberian Peninsula.
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Kingdom of Navarre
The Kingdom of Navarre (Nafarroako Erresuma, Reino de Navarra, Royaume de Navarre, Regnum Navarrae), originally the Kingdom of Pamplona (Iruñeko Erresuma), was a Basque-based kingdom that occupied lands on either side of the western Pyrenees, alongside the Atlantic Ocean between present-day Spain and France.
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List of Navarrese monarchs
This is a list of the kings and queens of Pamplona, later Navarre.
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Monastery of Leyre
The Monastery of San Salvador of Leyre is a religious complex to the south of the Sierra of Leyre, in northern Navarre, Spain, representing one of the most important historical monasteries of Spain.
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Muslim
A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.
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Ramón Menéndez Pidal
Ramón Menéndez Pidal (13 March 1869 - 14 November 1968) was a Spanish philologist and historian.
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Sancho García of Castile
Sancho García (died 5 February 1017), called of the Good Laws (in Spanish, el de los Buenos Fueros), was the count of Castile and Álava from 995 to his death.
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Sancho I of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés I (Basque: Antso Ia. Gartzez; c. 860 – 10 December 925), also known as Sancho I, was King of Pamplona from 905 until 925.
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Sancho II of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés II (Basque: Antso II.a Gartzez, c. 938 – dead 994), also known as Sancho II.
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Sancho III of Pamplona
Sancho Garcés III (994 – 18 October 1035), also known as Sancho the Great (Sancho el Mayor, Antso Gartzez Nagusia), was the King of Pamplona from 1004 until his death in 1035.
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Sancho Ramírez of Viguera
Sancho Ramírez (Basque: Antso Ramirez; dead c. 1002) was the second King of Viguera, from 981 until his death c. 1002.
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Toda of Pamplona
Toda Aznárez (Basque: Tota Aznar; 876 – 958), known as Toda of Pamplona, was Queen consort of Pamplona by her marriage with Sancho I of Pamplona.
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Urraca Fernández
Urraca Fernández (died 1007), was queen consort of two Kings of León and one King of Navarre between 951 and 994.
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Redirects here:
Garcia II of Navarre, Garcia IV, Garcia IV of Navarre, Garcia IV of Pamplona, Garcia Sanchez II of Pamplona, García IV of Pamplona.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/García_Sánchez_II_of_Pamplona
