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Gas mask

Index Gas mask

The gas mask is a mask used to protect the user from inhaling airborne pollutants and toxic gases. [1]

118 relations: Absorption (chemistry), Acid, Activated carbon, Adsorption, Aesculus hippocastanum, Alexander von Humboldt, Amine, Ammonia, Ancient Greece, Asbestos, Asphyxiant gas, Atmosphere of Earth, Atom, Baghdad, Banū Mūsā, Biological warfare, Black Veil Respirator, Blister agent, Book of Ingenious Devices, Camphor, Carbon monoxide, Carcinogen, Cartridge (respirator), CBRN defense, Cf., Charcoal, Chemical Corps, Chemical reaction, Chemical weapon, Chestnut, Chlorine, Chloropicrin, Cluny Macpherson (physician), Coconut, Cold War, CS gas, Dangerous goods, Diphosgene, Donald Hill, Drum and bass, Dust, East Asian people, East Germany, Eastern Front (World War I), Edward Harrison (chemist), Electric charge, Finland, Functional group, Garrett Morgan, Genre, ..., Glass, GP-5 gas mask, Graffiti, Hexavalent chromium, History of Iran, Hydrogen chloride, Hydrogen cyanide, Hydrogen sulfide, Hypo helmet, Industrial music, Iodine, Iran–Iraq War, Iraq, Iraqi chemical weapons program, Isoamyl acetate, Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier, John Scott Haldane, Lewis Haslett, Louisville, Kentucky, M17 gas mask, M2 gas mask, M40 field protective mask, Mask, MCU-2/P protective mask, Mercury (element), Methyl iodide, Mica, Mine Safety Appliances, Miner, NBC suit, Nerve agent, Neurofunk, Nikolay Zelinsky, Ozone cracking, Peach, Peritoneal mesothelioma, PH helmet, Phenacyl chloride, Phosgene, Plague doctor, Plague doctor costume, Pollutant, Poly(methyl methacrylate), Polycarbonate, Popular Mechanics, Popular Science, Prussia, Respirator, Respirator assigned protection factors, Respirator fit test, Riebeckite, Riot control, Scientific American, Second Battle of Ypres, Smoke hood, Sorbent, South Korea, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfur mustard, Synthetic resin, Tear gas, Tin(IV) chloride, Toxicity, Urban exploration, Water well, Western Front (World War I), Workplace respirator testing, Zeolite. Expand index (68 more) »

Absorption (chemistry)

In chemistry, absorption is a physical or chemical phenomenon or a process in which atoms, molecules or ions enter some bulk phase – liquid or solid material.

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Acid

An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).

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Activated carbon

Activated carbon, also called activated charcoal, is a form of carbon processed to have small, low-volume pores that increase the surface area available for adsorption or chemical reactions.

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Adsorption

Adsorption is the adhesion of atoms, ions or molecules from a gas, liquid or dissolved solid to a surface.

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Aesculus hippocastanum

Aesculus hippocastanum is a species of flowering plant in the soapberry and lychee family Sapindaceae.

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Alexander von Humboldt

Friedrich Wilhelm Heinrich Alexander von Humboldt (14 September 17696 May 1859) was a Prussian polymath, geographer, naturalist, explorer, and influential proponent of Romantic philosophy and science.

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Amine

In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.

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Ammonia

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.

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Ancient Greece

Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).

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Asbestos

Asbestos is a set of six naturally occurring silicate minerals, which all have in common their eponymous asbestiform habit: i.e. long (roughly 1:20 aspect ratio), thin fibrous crystals, with each visible fiber composed of millions of microscopic "fibrils" that can be released by abrasion and other processes.

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Asphyxiant gas

An asphyxiant gas is a nontoxic or minimally toxic gas which reduces or displaces the normal oxygen concentration in breathing air.

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Atmosphere of Earth

The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.

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Atom

An atom is the smallest constituent unit of ordinary matter that has the properties of a chemical element.

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Baghdad

Baghdad (بغداد) is the capital of Iraq.

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Banū Mūsā

The Banū Mūsā brothers ("Sons of Moses"), namely Abū Jaʿfar, Muḥammad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir (before 803 – February 873), Abū al‐Qāsim, Aḥmad ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir (d. 9th century) and Al-Ḥasan ibn Mūsā ibn Shākir (d. 9th century), were three 9th-century scholars who lived and worked in Baghdad.

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Biological warfare

Biological warfare (BW)—also known as germ warfare—is the use of biological toxins or infectious agents such as bacteria, viruses, and fungi with the intent to kill or incapacitate humans, animals or plants as an act of war.

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Black Veil Respirator

The Black Veil Respirator was an early British gas mask designed by John Scott Haldane and introduced in May 1915.

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Blister agent

A blister agent, or vesicant, is a chemical compound that causes severe skin, eye and mucosal pain and irritation.

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Book of Ingenious Devices

The Book of Ingenious Devices (Arabic: كتاب الحيل Kitab al-Hiyal, literally: "The Book of Tricks") was a large illustrated work on mechanical devices, including automata, published in 850 by the three Iraqi brothers of Persian descent, known as the Banu Musa (Ahmad, Muhammad and Hasan bin Musa ibn Shakir) working at the House of Wisdom (Bayt al-Hikma) in Baghdad, Iraq, under the Abbasid Caliphate.

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Camphor

Camphor is a waxy, flammable, white or transparent solid with a strong aroma.

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Carbon monoxide

Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air.

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Carcinogen

A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis, the formation of cancer.

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Cartridge (respirator)

A respirator cartridge or canister is a container that cleans pollution from air.

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CBRN defense

Chemical, biological, radiological and nuclear defense (CBRN defense or CBRNE defense) is protective measures taken in situations in which chemical, biological, radiological or nuclear warfare (including terrorism) hazards may be present.

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Cf.

The abbreviation cf. (short for the confer/conferatur, both meaning "compare") is used in writing to refer the reader to other material to make a comparison with the topic being discussed.

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Charcoal

Charcoal is the lightweight black carbon and ash residue hydrocarbon produced by removing water and other volatile constituents from animal and vegetation substances.

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Chemical Corps

The Chemical Corps is the branch of the United States Army tasked with defending against chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear (CBRN) weapons.

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Chemical reaction

A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the transformation of one set of chemical substances to another.

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Chemical weapon

A chemical weapon (CW) is a specialized munition that uses chemicals formulated to inflict death or harm on humans.

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Chestnut

The chestnut (Castanea) group is a genus of eight or nine species of deciduous trees and shrubs in the beech family Fagaceae, native to temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.

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Chlorine

Chlorine is a chemical element with symbol Cl and atomic number 17.

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Chloropicrin

Chloropicrin, also known as PS and nitrochloroform, is a chemical compound currently used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial, fungicide, herbicide, insecticide, and nematicide.

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Cluny Macpherson (physician)

Cluny Macpherson (March 18, 1879 – November 16, 1966) was a physician and the inventor of an early gas mask.

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Coconut

The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family) and the only species of the genus Cocos.

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Cold War

The Cold War was a state of geopolitical tension after World War II between powers in the Eastern Bloc (the Soviet Union and its satellite states) and powers in the Western Bloc (the United States, its NATO allies and others).

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CS gas

The compound 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (also called o-chlorobenzylidene malononitrile; chemical formula: C10H5ClN2), a cyanocarbon, is the defining component of a tear gas commonly referred to as CS gas, which is used as a riot control agent.

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Dangerous goods

Dangerous goods or hazardous goods are solids, liquids, or gases that can harm people, other living organisms, property, or the environment.

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Diphosgene

Diphosgene is a chemical compound with the formula ClCO2CCl3.

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Donald Hill

Donald Routledge Hill (August 6, 1922 – May 30, 1994)D.

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Drum and bass

Drum and bass (also written as "drum 'n' bass" or "drum & bass"; commonly abbreviated as "D&B", "DnB" or "D'n'B"), is a genre and branch of electronic music which emerged from rave and jungle scenes in Britain during the early 1990s.

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Dust

Dust are fine particles of matter.

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East Asian people

East Asian people or East Asians is a term used for ethnic groups that are indigenous to East Asia, which consists of Mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, Japan, Mongolia, North Korea, South Korea, and Taiwan.

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East Germany

East Germany, officially the German Democratic Republic (GDR; Deutsche Demokratische Republik, DDR), existed from 1949 to 1990 and covers the period when the eastern portion of Germany existed as a state that was part of the Eastern Bloc during the Cold War period.

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Eastern Front (World War I)

The Eastern Front or Eastern Theater of World War I (Восточный фронт, Vostochnıy front, sometimes called the Second Fatherland War or Second Patriotic War (Вторая Отечественная война, Vtoraya Otechestvennaya voyna) in Russian sources) was a theatre of operations that encompassed at its greatest extent the entire frontier between the Russian Empire and Romania on one side and the Austro-Hungarian Empire, Bulgaria, the Ottoman Empire and the German Empire on the other. It stretched from the Baltic Sea in the north to the Black Sea in the south, included most of Eastern Europe and stretched deep into Central Europe as well. The term contrasts with "Western Front", which was being fought in Belgium and France. During 1910, Russian General Yuri Danilov developed "Plan 19" under which four armies would invade East Prussia. This plan was criticised as Austria-Hungary could be a greater threat than the German Empire. So instead of four armies invading East Prussia, the Russians planned to send two armies to East Prussia, and two Armies to defend against Austro-Hungarian forces invading from Galicia. In the opening months of the war, the Imperial Russian Army attempted an invasion of eastern Prussia in the northwestern theater, only to be beaten back by the Germans after some initial success. At the same time, in the south, they successfully invaded Galicia, defeating the Austro-Hungarian forces there. In Russian Poland, the Germans failed to take Warsaw. But by 1915, the German and Austro-Hungarian armies were on the advance, dealing the Russians heavy casualties in Galicia and in Poland, forcing it to retreat. Grand Duke Nicholas was sacked from his position as the commander-in-chief and replaced by the Tsar himself. Several offensives against the Germans in 1916 failed, including Lake Naroch Offensive and the Baranovichi Offensive. However, General Aleksei Brusilov oversaw a highly successful operation against Austria-Hungary that became known as the Brusilov Offensive, which saw the Russian Army make large gains. The Kingdom of Romania entered the war in August 1916. The Entente promised the region of Transylvania (which was part of Austria-Hungary) in return for Romanian support. The Romanian Army invaded Transylvania and had initial successes, but was forced to stop and was pushed back by the Germans and Austro-Hungarians when Bulgaria attacked them in the south. Meanwhile, a revolution occurred in Russia in February 1917 (one of the several causes being the hardships of the war). Tsar Nicholas II was forced to abdicate and a Russian Provisional Government was founded, with Georgy Lvov as its first leader, who was eventually replaced by Alexander Kerensky. The newly formed Russian Republic continued to fight the war alongside Romania and the rest of the Entente until it was overthrown by the Bolsheviks in October 1917. Kerensky oversaw the July Offensive, which was largely a failure and caused a collapse in the Russian Army. The new government established by the Bolsheviks signed the Treaty of Brest-Litovsk with the Central Powers, taking it out of the war and making large territorial concessions. Romania was also forced to surrender and signed a similar treaty, though both of the treaties were nullified with the surrender of the Central Powers in November 1918.

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Edward Harrison (chemist)

Lt-Col Edward Frank Harrison C.M.G. (1869–1918) was an English chemical scientist, credited with the invention of the first serviceable gas mask during World War I. Born in Camberwell, Harrison, at the age of 14, was apprenticed to a pharmacist, at the end of which he was awarded the Royal Pharmaceutical Society's Jacob Bell Scholarship.

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Electric charge

Electric charge is the physical property of matter that causes it to experience a force when placed in an electromagnetic field.

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Finland

Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.

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Functional group

In organic chemistry, functional groups are specific substituents or moieties within molecules that are responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of those molecules.

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Garrett Morgan

Garrett Augustus Morgan, Sr. (March 4, 1877 – July 27, 1963) was an American inventor and community leader of African-American descent.

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Genre

Genre is any form or type of communication in any mode (written, spoken, digital, artistic, etc.) with socially-agreed upon conventions developed over time.

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Glass

Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.

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GP-5 gas mask

The GP-5 gas mask (r) is a Soviet-made single-filter gas mask.

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Graffiti

Graffiti (plural of graffito: "a graffito", but "these graffiti") are writing or drawings that have been scribbled, scratched, or painted, typically illicitly, on a wall or other surface, often within public view.

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Hexavalent chromium

Hexavalent chromium (chromium(VI), Cr(VI), chromium 6) is any chemical compound that contains the element chromium in the +6 oxidation state (thus hexavalent).

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History of Iran

The history of Iran, commonly also known as Persia in the Western world, is intertwined with the history of a larger region, also to an extent known as Greater Iran, comprising the area from Anatolia, the Bosphorus, and Egypt in the west to the borders of Ancient India and the Syr Darya in the east, and from the Caucasus and the Eurasian Steppe in the north to the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman in the south.

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Hydrogen chloride

The compound hydrogen chloride has the chemical formula and as such is a hydrogen halide.

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Hydrogen cyanide

Hydrogen cyanide (HCN), sometimes called prussic acid, is a chemical compound with the chemical formula HCN.

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Hydrogen sulfide

Hydrogen sulfide is the chemical compound with the chemical formula H2S.

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Hypo helmet

The Hypo helmet, or British Smoke Hood (its official name), was an early British World War I gas mask, designed by Cluny MacPherson.

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Industrial music

Industrial music is a fusion genre of electronic and experimental music which draws on harsh, transgressive or provocative sounds and themes.

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Iodine

Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53.

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Iran–Iraq War

The Iran–Iraq War was an armed conflict between Iran and Iraq, beginning on 22 September 1980, when Iraq invaded Iran, and ending on 20 August 1988, when Iran accepted the UN-brokered ceasefire.

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Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

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Iraqi chemical weapons program

In violation of the Geneva Protocol of 1925, the Iraqi Army initiated two failed (1970–1974, 1974–1978) and one successful (1978–1991) offensive chemical weapons (CW) programs.

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Isoamyl acetate

Isoamyl acetate, also known as isopentyl acetate, is an organic compound that is the ester formed from isoamyl alcohol and acetic acid.

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Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier

Jean-François Pilâtre de Rozier was a French chemistry and physics teacher, and one of the first pioneers of aviation.

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John Scott Haldane

John Scott Haldane (2 May 1860 – 14/15 March 1936) was a Scottish physiologist famous for intrepid self-experimentation which led to many important discoveries about the human body and the nature of gases.

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Lewis Haslett

Lewis P. Haslett was an inventor and the first person to receive a patent in the U.S. for an early form of the gas mask.

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Louisville, Kentucky

Louisville is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 29th most-populous city in the United States.

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M17 gas mask

The M17 Protective Mask is a series of gas masks that were designed and produced in 1959 (as a replacement of the M-9 gas mask) to provide protection from all types of known chemical and biological agents present.

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M2 gas mask

The M2 gas mask was a French-made gas mask used by French, British and American forces from April 1916 to August 1918 during World War I. The M2 was fabricated in large quantities, with about 29,300,000 being made during the war.

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M40 field protective mask

The M40 field protective mask is one of various gas masks used by the United States Armed Forces and its allies to protect from field concentrations of chemical and biological agents, along with radiological fallout particles.

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Mask

A mask is an object normally worn on the face, typically for protection, disguise, performance, or entertainment.

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MCU-2/P protective mask

The MCU-2/P is a gas mask used by the United States Navy and United States Air Force, adopted in the 1990s.

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Mercury (element)

Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.

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Methyl iodide

Methyl iodide, also called iodomethane, and commonly abbreviated "MeI", is the chemical compound with the formula CH3I.

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Mica

The mica group of sheet silicate (phyllosilicate) minerals includes several closely related materials having nearly perfect basal cleavage.

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Mine Safety Appliances

Mine Safety Appliances, or MSA Safety Incorporated, is a maker of sophisticated safety products that help protect workers who may be exposed to a variety of hazardous conditions.

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Miner

A miner is a person who extracts ore, coal, or other mineral from the earth through mining.

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NBC suit

An NBC (nuclear, biological, chemical) suit, also called a chemsuit or chem suit or chemical suit is a type of military personal protective equipment.

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Nerve agent

Nerve agents, sometimes also called nerve gases, are a class of organic chemicals that disrupt the mechanisms by which nerves transfer messages to organs.

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Neurofunk

Neurofunk (also known more informally as just neuro) is a subgenre of drum and bass which emerged between 1997 and 1998 in London, England as a progression of techstep.

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Nikolay Zelinsky

Nikolay Dimitrievich Zelinsky (Никола́й Дми́триевич Зели́нский in Russian) (6 February n.s., 1861 in Tiraspol, Russian Empire – 31 July 1953 in Moscow), Russian and Soviet chemist, academician of the Academy of Sciences of USSR (1929).

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Ozone cracking

Cracks can be formed in many different elastomers by ozone attack, and the characteristic form of attack of vulnerable rubbers is known as ozone cracking.

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Peach

The peach (Prunus persica) is a deciduous tree native to the region of Northwest China between the Tarim Basin and the north slopes of the Kunlun Mountains, where it was first domesticated and cultivated.

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Peritoneal mesothelioma

Peritoneal mesothelioma is the name given to the cancer that attacks the lining of the abdomen.

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PH helmet

The P helmet, PH helmet and PHG helmet were early types of gas mask issued by the British Army in the First World War, to protect troops against chlorine, phosgene and tear gases.

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Phenacyl chloride

Phenacyl chloride, also commonly known as chloroacetophenone, is a substituted acetophenone.

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Phosgene

Phosgene is the chemical compound with the formula COCl2.

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Plague doctor

A plague doctor was a medical physician who treated victims of the bubonic plague.

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Plague doctor costume

The clothing worn by plague doctors was intended to protect them from airborne diseases.

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Pollutant

A pollutant is a substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource.

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Poly(methyl methacrylate)

Poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), also known as acrylic or acrylic glass as well as by the trade names Crylux, Plexiglas, Acrylite, Lucite, and Perspex among several others (see below), is a transparent thermoplastic often used in sheet form as a lightweight or shatter-resistant alternative to glass.

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Polycarbonate

Polycarbonates (PC) are a group of thermoplastic polymers containing carbonate groups in their chemical structures.

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Popular Mechanics

Popular Mechanics is a classic magazine of popular science and technology.

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Popular Science

Popular Science (also known as PopSci) is an American quarterly magazine carrying popular science content, which refers to articles for the general reader on science and technology subjects.

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Prussia

Prussia (Preußen) was a historically prominent German state that originated in 1525 with a duchy centred on the region of Prussia.

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Respirator

A respirator is a device designed to protect the wearer from inhaling particulate matter, including airborne microorganisms, fumes, vapours and gases.

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Respirator assigned protection factors

The respiratory protective devices (RPD) can protect workers only if their protective properties are adequate to the conditions in the workplace.

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Respirator fit test

A respirator fit test checks whether a respirator properly fits the face of someone who wears it.

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Riebeckite

Riebeckite is a sodium-rich member of the amphibole group of silicate minerals, chemical formula Na2(Fe2+3Fe3+2)Si8O22(OH)2.

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Riot control

Riot control refers to the measures used by police, military, or other security forces to control, disperse, and arrest people who are involved in a riot, demonstration, or protest.

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Scientific American

Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.

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Second Battle of Ypres

During World War I, the Second Battle of Ypres was fought from for control of the strategic Flemish town of Ypres in western Belgium after the First Battle of Ypres the previous autumn.

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Smoke hood

A smoke hood is a protective device similar in concept to a gas mask.

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Sorbent

A sorbent is a material used to absorb or adsorb liquids or gases.

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South Korea

South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.

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Sulfur dioxide

Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.

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Sulfur mustard

Sulfur mustard, commonly known as mustard gas, is the prototypical substance of the sulfur-based family of cytotoxic and vesicant chemical warfare agents known as the sulfur mustards which have the ability to form large blisters on exposed skin and in the lungs.

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Synthetic resin

doi.

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Tear gas

Tear gas, formally known as a lachrymator agent or lachrymator (from the Latin lacrima, meaning "tear"), sometimes colloquially known as mace,"Mace" is a brand name for a tear gas spray is a chemical weapon that causes severe eye and respiratory pain, skin irritation, bleeding, and even blindness.

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Tin(IV) chloride

Tin(IV) chloride, also known as tin tetrachloride or stannic chloride, is an inorganic compound with the formula SnCl4.

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Toxicity

Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism.

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Urban exploration

Urban exploration (often shortened as UE, urbex and sometimes known as roof-and-tunnel hacking) is the exploration of man-made structures, usually abandoned ruins or not usually seen components of the man-made environment.

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Water well

A water well is an excavation or structure created in the ground by digging, driving, boring, or drilling to access groundwater in underground aquifers.

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Western Front (World War I)

The Western Front was the main theatre of war during the First World War.

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Workplace respirator testing

To protect workers from air contaminants employers often used respirators.

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Zeolite

Zeolites are microporous, aluminosilicate minerals commonly used as commercial adsorbents and catalysts.

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Anti-chemical masks, Gas Masks, Gas masks, Gas-mask, Gasmask, Thermal Breather.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gas_mask

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