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321 relations: Aedui, Aethiopia, Agris, Agris Helmet, Alesia (city), Allobroges, Alps, Ambarri, Ambiani, Amfreville-sous-les-Monts, Amiens, Ammianus Marcellinus, Anatolia, Ancient Carthage, Ancient Greece, Andes (Andecavi), Angers, Animism, Antiochus Hierax, Antiochus I Soter, Aosta, Aquileia, Aquitani, Aquitanian language, Armorica, Arras, Arverni, Asterix, Atlantic Ocean, Atrebates, Attalus I, Augsburg, Augusta Raurica, Austria, Autaritus, Avaricum, Évreux, Baiocasses, Batavi (Germanic tribe), Battle of Burdigala, Battle of Cannae, Battle of Raphia, Battle of Telamon, Battle of the Allia, Battle of the Caecus River, Battle of Thermopylae, Bavay, Bay of Biscay, Bayeux, Beauvais, ..., Belgae, Belgium, Bellovaci, Bergamo, Besançon, Bibracte, Bituriges, Blackface, Boii, Bolgios, Bologna, Bordeaux, Boulogne-sur-Mer, Bourges, Brannovices, Brennus (3rd century BC), Brennus (4th century BC), Brescia, Burgundy, Cahors, Cantal, Capetian dynasty, Carhaix-Plouguer, Carni, Carnutes, Carnyx, Cassel, Nord, Catalauni, Caturiges, Celtiberian language, Celtic languages, Celtic settlement of Eastern Europe, Celtic warfare, Celts, Celts in Transylvania, Cenabum, Cenomani, Cenomani (Cisalpine Gaul), Cerethrius, Ceutrones, Charente, Charles de Gaulle, Chartres, Châlons-en-Champagne, Chorges, Cicero, Cimbri, Cimbrian War, Cisalpine Gaul, Civitas, Clovis I, Commentarii de Bello Gallico, Continental Celtic languages, Corrèze, Corseul, Coutances, Crisis of the Third Century, Curiosolitae, Czech Republic, Danube, Deiotarus, Delphi, Diablintes, Druid, Eastern Mediterranean, Eburones, Eburovices, Elbe, Encyclopædia Britannica Online, Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., Entrains-sur-Nohain, Ernest Lavisse, Ethnic stereotype, Etruscan civilization, Ferrous metallurgy, First Punic War, France, Francia, Franco-Belgian comics, Franks, French Revolution, French Third Republic, Galatia, Galatian language, Galatian War, Gallia Belgica, Gallia Celtica, Gallia Narbonensis, Gallic Empire, Gallic Wars, Gallo-Brittonic languages, Gallo-Roman culture, Garonne, Gaul, Gaulish language, Gauls, Gergovia, Germanic peoples, Gnaeus Manlius Vulso, Guînes, Hallstatt culture, Hellenistic period, Helvetia, Helvetii, Henry George Bohn, Historiography of Switzerland, Illyria, Insubres, Iron Age Europe, Italy, Jublains, Julius Caesar, Kaiseraugst, Kingdom of France, Kingdom of Pontus, La Roche-Blanche, Puy-de-Dôme, La Tène culture, La Teste-de-Buch, Laevi, Langres, Languedoc, Laon, Latin, Le Mans, Le Puy-en-Velay, Lemovices, Lepontic language, Lexovii, Limoges, Lingones, Lisieux, List of Ancien Régime dioceses of France, List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes, List of ancient Macedonians, List of kings of Galatia, Macedonia (ancient kingdom), Manching, Marne (river), Marseille, Mâcon, Médoc, Mediomatrici, Mediterranean Sea, Medulli, Menapii, Mercenary War, Mercury (mythology), Metz, Middle Rhine, Migration Period, Milan, Mithridatic Wars, Moûtiers, Morini, Namnetes, Nantes, Nervii, Nicomedes I of Bithynia, Nile, Nordic Bronze Age, Novara, Orobii, Osismii, Paraphyly, Paris, Parisii (Gaul), Pausanias (geographer), Pavia, Périgueux, Persian people, Petronius, Pictones, Po Valley, Poitiers, Portugal, Postumus, Proto-Celtic language, Proto-Indo-Europeans, Ptolemaic dynasty, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Ptolemy II Philadelphus, Ptolemy IV Philopator, Ptolemy Keraunos, Punic Wars, Pyrenees, Reims, Remi, Rennes, Rhône, Rhine, Riedones, Rodez, Roman consul, Roman Empire, Roman Gaul, Roman Republic, Roman–Gallic wars, Rouen, Ruteni, Saône, Saint-Denis-lès-Martel, Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux, Saintes, Charente-Maritime, Salassi, Santones, Second Punic War, Segusini, Seine, Seleucid Empire, Senones, Sens, Sequani, Sicily, Slovakia, Soissons, Sosthenes of Macedon, Southern Germany, Spain, Sphere of influence, Suessiones, Susa, Piedmont, Swan, Switzerland, Taurini, Tectosages, Teutons, Thermopylae, Third Servile War, Thrace, Tigurini, Tintignac, Tolistobogii, Tongeren, Torc, Toulouse, Tours, Toutatis, Treveri, Tricastin, Trier, Triskelion, Trocmi, Tungri, Turin, Turones, Unelli, Urnfield culture, Uxellodunum, Vaison-la-Romaine, Vangiones, Vannes, Vascones, Vayrac, Veliocasses, Vellavi, Veneti (Gaul), Vercingetorix, Vertamocorii, Viducasses, Vienne, Vienne, Isère, Vieux, Calvados, Vindelici, Vix Grave, Vocontii, Volcae, Walhaz, War elephant, Wild boar, Worms, Germany, Yverdon-les-Bains. Expand index (271 more) »
Aedui
The Aedui, Haedui, or Hedui (Αἰδούοι) were a Gallic people of Gallia Lugdunensis, who inhabited the country between the Arar (Saône) and Liger (Loire), in today's France.
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Aethiopia
Ancient Aethiopia (Αἰθιοπία Aithiopia) first appears as a geographical term in classical documents in reference to the upper Nile region, as well as all certain areas south of the Sahara desert and south of the Atlantic Ocean.
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Agris
Agris is a French commune in the Charente department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region of southwestern France.
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Agris Helmet
The Agris Helmet (Casque d'Agris) is a ceremonial Celtic helmet from BC that was found in a cave near Agris, Charente, France, in 1981.
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Alesia (city)
Alesia was the capital of the Mandubii, one of the Gallic tribes allied with the Aedui.
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Allobroges
The Allobroges (Άλλόβριγες, Άλλόβρυγες, Άλλόβρoγες) were a Gallic tribe of ancient Gaul, located between the Rhône River and Lake Geneva in what later became Savoy, Dauphiné, and Vivarais.
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Alps
The Alps (Alpes; Alpen; Alpi; Alps; Alpe) are the highest and most extensive mountain range system that lies entirely in Europe,The Caucasus Mountains are higher, and the Urals longer, but both lie partly in Asia.
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Ambarri
The Ambarri were a Gallic people, whom Julius Caesar (B. G. i. 11) calls close allies and kinsmen of the Aedui.
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Ambiani
The Ambiani were a Belgic people of Celtic language, who were said to be able to muster 10,000 armed men, in 57 BC, the year of Julius Caesar's Belgic campaign.
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Amfreville-sous-les-Monts
Amfreville-sous-les-Monts is a commune in the Eure department in Normandy in north-western France.
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Amiens
Amiens is a city and commune in northern France, north of Paris and south-west of Lille.
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Ammianus Marcellinus
Ammianus Marcellinus (born, died 400) was a Roman soldier and historian who wrote the penultimate major historical account surviving from Antiquity (preceding Procopius).
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Anatolia
Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.
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Ancient Carthage
Carthage (from Carthago; Punic:, Qart-ḥadašt, "New City") was the Phoenician state, including, during the 7th–3rd centuries BC, its wider sphere of influence, known as the Carthaginian Empire.
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).
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Andes (Andecavi)
The Andecavi (also Andicavi) or Andegavi, also Andes in Julius Caesar's Bellum Gallicum, were a people of ancient and medieval Aremorica.
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Angers
Angers is a city in western France, about southwest of Paris.
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Animism
Animism (from Latin anima, "breath, spirit, life") is the religious belief that objects, places and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.
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Antiochus Hierax
Antiochus (Ἀντίoχoς; killed c. 226 BC), called Hierax (Ἱέραξ, "Hawk") for his grasping and ambitious character, was the younger son of Antiochus II and Laodice I and separatist leader in the Hellenistic Seleucid kingdom, who ruled as king of Syria during his brother's reign.
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Antiochus I Soter
Antiochus I Soter (Ἀντίοχος Α΄ ὁ Σωτήρ; epithet means "the Saviour"; c. 324/3261 BC), was a king of the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire.
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Aosta
Aosta (Aoste; Aoûta; Augusta Praetoria Salassorum; Augschtal; Osta) is the principal city of Aosta Valley, a bilingual region in the Italian Alps, north-northwest of Turin.
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Aquileia
Aquileia (Acuilee/Aquilee/Aquilea;bilingual name of Aquileja - Oglej in: Venetian: Aquiłeja/Aquiłegia; Aglar/Agley/Aquileja; Oglej) is an ancient Roman city in Italy, at the head of the Adriatic at the edge of the lagoons, about from the sea, on the river Natiso (modern Natisone), the course of which has changed somewhat since Roman times.
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Aquitani
The Aquitanians (Latin: Aquitani) were a people living in what is now southern Aquitaine and southwestern Midi-Pyrénées, France, called Gallia Aquitania by the Romans in the region between the Pyrenees, the Atlantic ocean, and the Garonne, present-day southwestern France.
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Aquitanian language
The Aquitanian language was spoken on both sides of the western Pyrenees in ancient Aquitaine (approximately between the Pyrenees and the Garonne, in the region later known as Gascony) and in the areas south of the Pyrenees in the valleys of the Basque Country before the Roman conquest.
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Armorica
Armorica or Aremorica is the name given in ancient times to the part of Gaul between the Seine and the Loire that includes the Brittany Peninsula, extending inland to an indeterminate point and down the Atlantic Coast.
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Arras
Arras (Atrecht) is the capital (chef-lieu/préfecture) of the Pas-de-Calais department, which forms part of the region of Hauts-de-France; prior to the reorganization of 2014 it was located in Nord-Pas-de-Calais.
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Arverni
The Arverni were a Celtic tribe.
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Asterix
Asterix or The Adventures of Asterix (Astérix or Astérix le Gaulois) is a series of French comics.
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Atlantic Ocean
The Atlantic Ocean is the second largest of the world's oceans with a total area of about.
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Atrebates
The Atrebates (singular Atrebas) were a Belgic tribe of Gaul and Britain before the Roman conquests.
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Attalus I
Attalus I (Ἄτταλος Α΄), surnamed Soter (Σωτήρ, "Savior"; 269–197 BC) ruled Pergamon, an Ionian Greek polis (what is now Bergama, Turkey), first as dynast, later as king, from 241 BC to 197 BC.
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Augsburg
Augsburg (Augschburg) is a city in Swabia, Bavaria, Germany.
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Augusta Raurica
Augusta Raurica is a Roman archaeological site and an open-air museum in Switzerland located on the south bank of the Rhine river about 20 km east of Basel near the villages of Augst and Kaiseraugst.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Autaritus
Autaritus (died 238 BCE) was a leader of Gallic mercenaries in the Carthaginian army during the First Punic War.
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Avaricum
Avaricum was an oppidum in ancient Gaul, near what is now the city of Bourges.
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Évreux
Évreux is a commune in and the capital of the department of Eure, in the French region of Normandy.
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Baiocasses
The Baiocasses were a Celtic tribe (pagus) in ancient Gaul.
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Batavi (Germanic tribe)
The Batavi were an ancient Germanic tribe that lived around the modern Dutch Rhine delta in the area that the Romans called Batavia, from the second half of the first century BC to the third century AD.
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Battle of Burdigala
The Battle of Burdigala was a battle of the Cimbrian War that occurred in the year 107 BC.
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Battle of Cannae
The Battle of Cannae was a major battle of the Second Punic War that took place on 2 August 216 BC in Apulia, in southeast Italy.
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Battle of Raphia
The Battle of Raphia, also known as the Battle of Gaza, was a battle fought on 22 June 217 BC near modern Rafah between the forces of Ptolemy IV Philopator, king and pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt and Antiochus III the Great of the Seleucid Empire during the Syrian Wars.
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Battle of Telamon
The Battle of Telamon was fought between the Roman Republic and an alliance of Celtic tribes in 225 BC.
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Battle of the Allia
The Battle of the Allia was fought between the Senones (one of the Gallic tribes which had invaded northern Italy) and the Roman Republic.
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Battle of the Caecus River
The Battle of the Caecus River was a battle that occurred in 241 BC between the armies of the Kingdom of Pergamon, commanded by Attalus I and the Galatian tribes who resided in Anatolia.
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Battle of Thermopylae
The Battle of Thermopylae (Greek: Μάχη τῶν Θερμοπυλῶν, Machē tōn Thermopylōn) was fought between an alliance of Greek city-states, led by King Leonidas of Sparta, and the Persian Empire of Xerxes I over the course of three days, during the second Persian invasion of Greece.
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Bavay
Bavay (pronounced) is a commune in the Nord department in the Hauts-de-France region of northern France.
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Bay of Biscay
The Bay of Biscay (Golfe de Gascogne, Golfo de Vizcaya, Pleg-mor Gwaskogn, Bizkaiko Golkoa) is a gulf of the northeast Atlantic Ocean located south of the Celtic Sea.
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Bayeux
Bayeux is a commune in the Calvados department in Normandy in northwestern France.
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Beauvais
Beauvais archaic English: Beawayes, Beeway, Boway, is a city and commune in northern France.
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Belgae
The Belgae were a large Gallic-Germanic confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel, the west bank of the Rhine, and northern bank of the river Seine, from at least the third century BC.
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Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
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Bellovaci
The Bellovaci were among the most powerful and numerous of the Belgian tribes of north-eastern Gaul conquered by Julius Caesar in 57 BC.
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Bergamo
Bergamo (Italian:; Bèrghem; from Latin Bergomum) is a city in Lombardy, northern Italy, approximately northeast of Milan, and about from the Alpine lakes Como and Iseo.
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Besançon
Besançon (French and Arpitan:; archaic Bisanz, Vesontio) is the capital of the department of Doubs in the region of Bourgogne-Franche-Comté.
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Bibracte
Bibracte, a Gaulish oppidum or fortified city, was the capital of the Aedui and one of the most important hillforts in Gaul.
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Bituriges
The Bituriges (Bituriges Cubi) were a tribe of Celtic Gaul with its capital at Bourges (Avaricum), whose territory corresponds to the former province of Berry.
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Blackface
Blackface was and is a form of theatrical make-up used predominantly by non-black performers to represent a caricature of a black person.
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Boii
The Boii (Latin plural, singular Boius; Βόιοι) were a Gallic tribe of the later Iron Age, attested at various times in Cisalpine Gaul (northern Italy), Pannonia (Hungary and its western neighbours), parts of Bavaria, in and around Bohemia (after whom the region is named in most languages; comprising the bulk of the Czech Republic), and Gallia Narbonensis.
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Bolgios
Bolgios (Greek Βόλγιος, also Bolgius, Belgius) was a Gaulish leader during the Gallic invasion of the Balkans who led an invasion of Macedon and Illyria in 279 BC, killing the Macedonian king Ptolemy Keraunos.
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Bologna
Bologna (Bulåggna; Bononia) is the capital and largest city of the Emilia-Romagna Region in Northern Italy.
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Bordeaux
Bordeaux (Gascon Occitan: Bordèu) is a port city on the Garonne in the Gironde department in Southwestern France.
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Boulogne-sur-Mer
Boulogne-sur-Mer, often called Boulogne (Latin: Gesoriacum or Bononia, Boulonne-su-Mér, Bonen), is a coastal city in Northern France.
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Bourges
Bourges is a city in central France on the Yèvre river.
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Brannovices
The Brannovices or Brannovii were a Gallic people mentioned by Julius Caesar (B. G. vii. 75).
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Brennus (3rd century BC)
Brennus (or Brennos) (died 279 BC at Delphi, Ancient Greece) was one of the Gaul leaders of the army of the Gallic invasion of the Balkans.
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Brennus (4th century BC)
Brennus (or Brennos) was a chieftain of the Senones.
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Brescia
Brescia (Lombard: Brèsa,, or; Brixia; Bressa) is a city and comune in the region of Lombardy in northern Italy.
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Burgundy
Burgundy (Bourgogne) is a historical territory and a former administrative region of France.
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Cahors
Cahors (Caors) is the capital of the Lot department in south-western France.
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Cantal
Cantal is a department (administrative province) in south-central France, with its capital at Aurillac.
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Capetian dynasty
The Capetian dynasty, also known as the House of France, is a dynasty of Frankish origin, founded by Hugh Capet.
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Carhaix-Plouguer
Carhaix-Plouguer (Karaez-Plougêr) is a commune in the Finistère department in northwestern France.
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Carni
The Carni (Greek Καρνίοι) were a tribe of the Eastern Alps in classical antiquity, settling in the mountains separating Noricum and Venetia (roughly corresponding to the more modern Triveneto).
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Carnutes
The Carnutes, a powerful Gaulish people in the heart of independent Gaul, dwelt in an extensive territory between the Sequana (Seine) and the Liger (Loire) rivers.
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Carnyx
The carnyx was a wind instrument of the Iron Age Celts, used between c. 200 BC and c. AD 200.
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Cassel, Nord
Cassel (from Flemish; Kassel in modern Dutch spelling) is a commune in the Nord départment in northern France.
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Catalauni
The Catalauni were a tribe of Belgic Gaul.
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Caturiges
The Caturiges (Caturĭges, Κατόριγες) were a Gallic tribe in the ancient Roman province of Alpes Maritimae, at first located on the Druentia river (modern Durance), towards its source, west of Vapincum (modern Gap), but later extending into Viennensis and Narbonensis.
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Celtiberian language
Celtiberian or Northeastern Hispano-Celtic is an extinct Indo-European language of the Celtic branch spoken by the Celtiberians in an area of the Iberian Peninsula lying between the headwaters of the Douro, Tagus, Júcar and Turia rivers and the Ebro river.
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Celtic languages
The Celtic languages are a group of related languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic"; a branch of the greater Indo-European language family.
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Celtic settlement of Eastern Europe
Gallic groups, originating from the various La Tène chiefdoms, began a south-eastern movement into the Balkan peninsula from the 4th century BC.
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Celtic warfare
This article discusses the warfare of the Ancient Celts throughout the European Iron Age and the Roman era, both of the Insular Celts and the Continental Celts (Gaul, Iberia, and Anatolia) The scope of this article does not extend to the Britons and Gaels of the Sub-Roman to Medieval period (for which see Welsh warfare, Gaelic warfare).
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Celts
The Celts (see pronunciation of ''Celt'' for different usages) were an Indo-European people in Iron Age and Medieval Europe who spoke Celtic languages and had cultural similarities, although the relationship between ethnic, linguistic and cultural factors in the Celtic world remains uncertain and controversial.
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Celts in Transylvania
The appearance of Celts in Transylvania can be traced to the later La Tène period (c. 4th century BC).
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Cenabum
Cenabum, Cenabaum or Genabum was the name of an oppidum of the Carnutes tribe, situated on the site of what is now Orléans.
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Cenomani
The Cenomani or Aulerci Cenomani were a Celtic people, a branch of the Aulerci in Gallia Celtica, whose territory corresponded generally to Maine in the modern départment of Sarthe, west of the Carnutes between the Seine and the Loire.
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Cenomani (Cisalpine Gaul)
The Cenomani (Greek: Κενομάνοι, Strabo, Ptol.; Γονομάνοι, Polyb.), was an ancient tribe of the Cisalpine Gauls, who occupied the tract north of the Padus (modern Po River), between the Insubres on the west and the Veneti on the east.
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Cerethrius
Cerethrius was a Gallic king in Thrace.
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Ceutrones
The Ceutrones (variant: Centrones) were a pre-Roman Celtic tribe of ancient Gaul that controlled the Graian Alps regions of Gallia Viennensis Quinta in Gallia Narbonensis.
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Charente
Charente (Saintongeais: Chérente, Occitan: Charanta) is a department in southwestern France, in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, named after the Charente River, the most important river in the department, and also the river beside which the department's two largest towns, Angoulême and Cognac, are sited.
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Charles de Gaulle
Charles André Joseph Marie de Gaulle (22 November 1890 – 9 November 1970) was a French general and statesman who led the French Resistance against Nazi Germany in World War II and chaired the Provisional Government of the French Republic from 1944 to 1946 in order to reestablish democracy in France.
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Chartres
Chartres is a commune and capital of the Eure-et-Loir department in France.
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Châlons-en-Champagne
Châlons-en-Champagne is a city in the Grand Est region of France.
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Chorges
Chorges is a commune in the Hautes-Alpes department in southeastern France.
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Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero (3 January 106 BC – 7 December 43 BC) was a Roman statesman, orator, lawyer and philosopher, who served as consul in the year 63 BC.
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Cimbri
The Cimbri were an ancient tribe.
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Cimbrian War
The Cimbrian or Cimbric War (113–101 BC) was fought between the Roman Republic and the Celtic or Germanic tribes of the Cimbri and the Teutones, who migrated from the Jutland peninsula into Roman controlled territory, and clashed with Rome and her allies.
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Cisalpine Gaul
Cisalpine Gaul (Gallia Cisalpina), also called Gallia Citerior or Gallia Togata, was the part of Italy inhabited by Celts (Gauls) during the 4th and 3rd centuries BC.
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Civitas
In the history of Rome, the Latin term civitas (plural civitates), according to Cicero in the time of the late Roman Republic, was the social body of the cives, or citizens, united by law (concilium coetusque hominum jure sociati).
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Clovis I
Clovis (Chlodovechus; reconstructed Frankish: *Hlōdowig; 466 – 27 November 511) was the first king of the Franks to unite all of the Frankish tribes under one ruler, changing the form of leadership from a group of royal chieftains to rule by a single king and ensuring that the kingship was passed down to his heirs.
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Commentarii de Bello Gallico
Commentāriī dē Bellō Gallicō (italic), also Bellum Gallicum (italic), is Julius Caesar's firsthand account of the Gallic Wars, written as a third-person narrative.
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Continental Celtic languages
The Continental Celtic languages are the Celtic languages, now extinct, that were spoken on the continent of Europe, as distinguished from the Insular Celtic languages of the British Isles and Brittany.
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Corrèze
Corrèze (Corresa) is a department in south-western France, named after the river Corrèze which runs though it.
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Corseul
Corseul (Gallo: Corsoeut) is a commune in the Côtes-d'Armor department of Brittany in northwestern France.
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Coutances
Coutances is a commune in the Manche department in Normandy in north-western France.
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Crisis of the Third Century
The Crisis of the Third Century, also known as Military Anarchy or the Imperial Crisis (AD 235–284), was a period in which the Roman Empire nearly collapsed under the combined pressures of invasion, civil war, plague, and economic depression.
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Curiosolitae
The Curiosolites or Curiosolitae were a people in the region now called Brittany, in Celtica, who are mentioned by Julius Caesar several times.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.
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Danube
The Danube or Donau (known by various names in other languages) is Europe's second longest river, after the Volga.
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Deiotarus
Deiotarus of Galatia (in Galatian and Greek Deiotaros, surnamed Philoromaios; 42 BC, 41 BC or 40 BC) was a Chief Tetrarch of the Tolistobogii in western Galatia, Asia Minor, and a King of Galatia ("Gallo-Graecia").
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Delphi
Delphi is famous as the ancient sanctuary that grew rich as the seat of Pythia, the oracle who was consulted about important decisions throughout the ancient classical world.
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Diablintes
The Diablintes or Diablintres or Diablindi or Aulerci Diaulitae were an ancient people of Gaul, a division of the Aulerci.
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Druid
A druid (derwydd; druí; draoidh) was a member of the high-ranking professional class in ancient Celtic cultures.
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Eastern Mediterranean
The Eastern Mediterranean denotes the countries geographically to the east of the Mediterranean Sea (Levantine Seabasin).
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Eburones
The Eburones (Greek: Ἐβούρωνες, Strabo), were a Gallic-Germanic tribe who lived in the northeast of Gaul, in what is now the southern Netherlands, eastern Belgium, and the German Rhineland, in the period immediately before this region was conquered by Rome.
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Eburovices
The Eburovices, or Eburovici, were a Gallic tribe, a branch of the Aulerci.
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Elbe
The Elbe (Elbe; Low German: Elv) is one of the major rivers of Central Europe.
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Encyclopædia Britannica Online
Encyclopædia Britannica Online is the website of Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. and its Encyclopædia Britannica, with more than 120,000 articles that are updated regularly.
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Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc.
Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. is a Scottish-founded, now American company best known for publishing the Encyclopædia Britannica, the world's oldest continuously published encyclopedia.
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Entrains-sur-Nohain
Entrains-sur-Nohain is a commune in the Nièvre department in central France.
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Ernest Lavisse
Ernest Lavisse (17 December 1842 – 18 August 1922) was a French historian.
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Ethnic stereotype
An ethnic stereotype, national stereotype, or national character is a system of beliefs about typical characteristics of members of a given ethnic group or nationality, their status, society and cultural norms.
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Etruscan civilization
The Etruscan civilization is the modern name given to a powerful and wealthy civilization of ancient Italy in the area corresponding roughly to Tuscany, western Umbria and northern Lazio.
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Ferrous metallurgy
Ferrous metallurgy is the metallurgy of iron and its alloys.
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First Punic War
The First Punic War (264 to 241 BC) was the first of three wars fought between Ancient Carthage and the Roman Republic, the two great powers of the Western Mediterranean.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Francia
Francia, also called the Kingdom of the Franks (Regnum Francorum), or Frankish Empire was the largest post-Roman Barbarian kingdom in Western Europe.
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Franco-Belgian comics
Franco-Belgian comics (bande dessinée franco-belge) are comics that are created for French-Belgian (Wallonia) and/or French readership.
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Franks
The Franks (Franci or gens Francorum) were a collection of Germanic peoples, whose name was first mentioned in 3rd century Roman sources, associated with tribes on the Lower and Middle Rhine in the 3rd century AD, on the edge of the Roman Empire.
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French Revolution
The French Revolution (Révolution française) was a period of far-reaching social and political upheaval in France and its colonies that lasted from 1789 until 1799.
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French Third Republic
The French Third Republic (La Troisième République, sometimes written as La IIIe République) was the system of government adopted in France from 1870 when the Second French Empire collapsed during the Franco-Prussian War until 1940 when France's defeat by Nazi Germany in World War II led to the formation of the Vichy government in France.
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Galatia
Ancient Galatia (Γαλατία, Galatía) was an area in the highlands of central Anatolia (Ankara, Çorum, Yozgat Province) in modern Turkey.
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Galatian language
Galatian is an extinct Celtic language once spoken by the Galatians in Galatia mainly in north central lands of Asia Minor (modern Turkey) from the 3rd century BCE up to at least the 4th century CE, although ancient sources suggest it was still spoken in the 6th century.
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Galatian War
The Galatian War was a war between the Galatian Gauls and the Roman Republic supported by their allies Pergamum in 189 BC.
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Gallia Belgica
Gallia Belgica ("Belgic Gaul") was a province of the Roman empire located in the north-eastern part of Roman Gaul, in what is today primarily Belgium, Luxembourg and the Netherlands.
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Gallia Celtica
Gallia Celtica, meaning "Celtic Gaul" in Latin, was a cultural region of Gaul inhabited by Celts, located in what is now Switzerland, France, Luxembourg and the west bank of the Rhine in Germany.
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Gallia Narbonensis
Gallia Narbonensis (Latin for "Gaul of Narbonne", from its chief settlement) was a Roman province located in what is now Languedoc and Provence, in southern France.
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Gallic Empire
"Gallic Empire" (Imperium Galliarum) or Gallic Roman Empire are two names for a breakaway part of the Roman Empire that functioned de facto as a separate state from 260 to 274.
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Gallic Wars
The Gallic Wars were a series of military campaigns waged by the Roman proconsul Julius Caesar against several Gallic tribes.
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Gallo-Brittonic languages
The Gallo-Brittonic languages, also known as the P-Celtic languages, are a subdivision of the Celtic languages of Ancient Gaul (both celtica and belgica) and Celtic Britain, which share certain features.
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Gallo-Roman culture
The term "Gallo-Roman" describes the Romanized culture of Gaul under the rule of the Roman Empire.
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Garonne
The Garonne (Garonne,; in Occitan, Catalan, and Spanish: Garona; Garumna or Garunna) is a river in southwest France and northern Spain, with a length of.
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Gaul
Gaul (Latin: Gallia) was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age that was inhabited by Celtic tribes, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, Northern Italy, as well as the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine.
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Gaulish language
Gaulish was an ancient Celtic language that was spoken in parts of Europe as late as the Roman Empire.
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Gauls
The Gauls were Celtic people inhabiting Gaul in the Iron Age and the Roman period (roughly from the 5th century BC to the 5th century AD).
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Gergovia
Gergovia was a Gaulish town in modern Auvergne in the upper part of the basin of the Allier, near present-day Clermont-Ferrand and Gergovie.
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Germanic peoples
The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.
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Gnaeus Manlius Vulso
Gnaeus Manlius Vulso (fl. 189 BC) was a Roman consul for the year 189 BC, together with Marcus Fulvius Nobilior.
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Guînes
Guînes is a commune in the Pas-de-Calais department in northern France.
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Hallstatt culture
The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western and Central European culture of Early Iron Age Europe from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture.
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Hellenistic period
The Hellenistic period covers the period of Mediterranean history between the death of Alexander the Great in 323 BC and the emergence of the Roman Empire as signified by the Battle of Actium in 31 BC and the subsequent conquest of Ptolemaic Egypt the following year.
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Helvetia
Helvetia is the female national personification of Switzerland, officially Confœderatio Helvetica, the Swiss Confederation.
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Helvetii
The Helvetii (anglicized Helvetians) were a Gallic tribe or tribal confederation occupying most of the Swiss plateau at the time of their contact with the Roman Republic in the 1st century BC.
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Henry George Bohn
Henry George Bohn (4 January 179622 August 1884) was a British publisher.
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Historiography of Switzerland
The historiography of Switzerland is the study of the history of Switzerland.
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Illyria
In classical antiquity, Illyria (Ἰλλυρία, Illyría or Ἰλλυρίς, Illyrís; Illyria, see also Illyricum) was a region in the western part of the Balkan Peninsula inhabited by the Illyrians.
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Insubres
The Insubres or Insubri were a Gaulish population settled in Insubria, in what is now the Italian region of Lombardy.
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Iron Age Europe
In Europe, the Iron Age may be defined as including the last stages of the prehistoric period and the first of the proto-historic periods.
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Jublains
Jublains is a commune in the Mayenne department in north-western France.
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), known by his cognomen Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
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Kaiseraugst
Kaiseraugst (Swiss German: Chäiseraugscht) is a municipality in the district of Rheinfelden in the canton of Aargau in Switzerland.
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Kingdom of France
The Kingdom of France (Royaume de France) was a medieval and early modern monarchy in Western Europe.
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Kingdom of Pontus
The Kingdom of Pontus or Pontic Empire was a state founded by the Persian Mithridatic dynasty,http://www.iranicaonline.org/articles/pontus which may have been directly related to Darius the Great and the Achaemenid dynasty.
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La Roche-Blanche, Puy-de-Dôme
La Roche-Blanche is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne in central France.
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La Tène culture
The La Tène culture was a European Iron Age culture named after the archaeological site of La Tène on the north side of Lake Neuchâtel in Switzerland, where thousands of objects had been deposited in the lake, as was discovered after the water level dropped in 1857.
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La Teste-de-Buch
La Teste-de-Buch (La Tèsta de Bug) is a commune in the Gironde department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
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Laevi
The Laevi, or Levi (who are not to be confused with descendants of Levi), were Celtic-LigurianLivius, Ab Urbe condita 5.34-35.3.
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Langres
Langres is a commune in northeastern France.
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Languedoc
Languedoc (Lengadòc) is a former province of France.
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Laon
Laon is the capital city of the Aisne department in Hauts-de-France, northern France.
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Latin
Latin (Latin: lingua latīna) is a classical language belonging to the Italic branch of the Indo-European languages.
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Le Mans
Le Mans is a city in France, on the Sarthe River.
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Le Puy-en-Velay
Le Puy-en-Velay (Lo Puèi de Velai) is a commune in the Haute-Loire department in south-central France near the Loire river.
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Lemovices
The Lemovices (Lemovici) were a Gaulish tribe of Central Europe who established themselves in Limousin and Poitou between 700 and 400 BC.
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Lepontic language
Lepontic is an ancient Alpine Celtic language that was spoken in parts of Rhaetia and Cisalpine Gaul (what is now Northern Italy) between 550 and 100 BC.
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Lexovii
The Lexovii (Ληξόβιοι, Strabo; Ληξούβιοι, Ptol. ii. 8. § 2), were a Celtic people, on the coast of Gallia, immediately west of the mouth of the Seine.
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Limoges
Limoges (Occitan: Lemòtges or Limòtges) is a city and commune, the capital of the Haute-Vienne department and was the administrative capital of the former Limousin region in west-central France.
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Lingones
The Lingones were a Celtic tribe that originally lived in Gaul in the area of the headwaters of the Seine and Marne rivers.
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Lisieux
Lisieux is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.
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List of Ancien Régime dioceses of France
French Ancien Régime Roman Catholic dioceses and ecclesiastical provinces were heirs of Late Roman civitates (themselves created out of Gaulish tribes) and provinces.
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List of ancient Celtic peoples and tribes
This is a list of Celtic tribes, listed in order of the Roman province (after Roman conquest) or the general area in which they lived.
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List of ancient Macedonians
This is a list of the Ancient Macedonians.
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List of kings of Galatia
Galatia was a region of Central Anatolia settled by the Gauls after their invasions in the mid-3rd century BC.
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Macedonia (ancient kingdom)
Macedonia or Macedon (Μακεδονία, Makedonía) was an ancient kingdom on the periphery of Archaic and Classical Greece, and later the dominant state of Hellenistic Greece.
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Manching
Manching is a municipality in the district of Pfaffenhofen, in Bavaria, Germany.
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Marne (river)
The Marne (la Marne) is a river in France, an eastern tributary of the Seine in the area east and southeast of Paris.
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Marseille
Marseille (Provençal: Marselha), is the second-largest city of France and the largest city of the Provence historical region.
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Mâcon
Mâcon, historically anglicized as Mascon, is a small city in east-central France.
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Médoc
The Médoc (Gascon: Medòc) is a region of France, well known as a wine growing region, located in the département of Gironde, on the left bank of the Gironde estuary, north of Bordeaux.
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Mediomatrici
The Mediomatrici (Greek: Μεδιομάτρικες) were an ancient Celtic people of Gaul, who belong to the division of Belgae.
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Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant.
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Medulli
A Gaulish people, the Medulli belonged to the group of mountain tribes controlling access to high Alps passes, along with the Centrones in Tarentaise Valley and the Salassi in Aosta Valley, especially for the trade of metals (tin, iron and copper).
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Menapii
The Menapii were a Belgic tribe of northern Gaul in pre-Roman and Roman times.
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Mercenary War
The Mercenary War (240 BC – 238 BC), also called the Libyan War and the Truceless War by Polybius, was an uprising of mercenary armies formerly employed by Carthage, backed by Libyan settlements revolting against Carthaginian control.
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Mercury (mythology)
Mercury (Latin: Mercurius) is a major god in Roman religion and mythology, being one of the Dii Consentes within the ancient Roman pantheon.
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Metz
Metz (Lorraine Franconian pronunciation) is a city in northeast France located at the confluence of the Moselle and the Seille rivers.
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Middle Rhine
Between Bingen and Bonn, Germany, the river Rhine flows as the Middle Rhine (Mittelrhein) through the Rhine Gorge, a formation created by erosion, which happened at about the same rate as an uplift in the region, leaving the river at about its original level, and the surrounding lands raised.
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Migration Period
The Migration Period was a period during the decline of the Roman Empire around the 4th to 6th centuries AD in which there were widespread migrations of peoples within or into Europe, mostly into Roman territory, notably the Germanic tribes and the Huns.
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Milan
Milan (Milano; Milan) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city in Italy after Rome, with the city proper having a population of 1,380,873 while its province-level municipality has a population of 3,235,000.
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Mithridatic Wars
There were three Mithridatic Wars between Rome and the Kingdom of Pontus in the 1st century BC.
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Moûtiers
Moûtiers, historically also called Tarentaise, is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France.
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Morini
The Morini were a Belgic tribe of northern Gaul.
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Namnetes
The Namnetes were a tribe of ancient Gaul, living in the area of the modern city of Nantes near the river Liger (modern Loire).
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Nantes
Nantes (Gallo: Naunnt or Nantt) is a city in western France on the Loire River, from the Atlantic coast.
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Nervii
The Nervii were one of the most powerful Celtic tribes,; living in northern Gaul at the time of its conquest by Rome.
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Nicomedes I of Bithynia
Nicomedes I (Nικoμήδης; lived c. 300 BC – c. 255 BC, ruled 278 BC – c. 255 BC), second king of Bithynia, was the eldest son of Zipoetes I, whom he succeeded on the throne in 278 BC.
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Nile
The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.
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Nordic Bronze Age
The Nordic Bronze Age (also Northern Bronze Age, or Scandinavian Bronze Age) is a period of Scandinavian prehistory from c. 1700–500 BC.
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Novara
Novara (Nuàra in the local Lombard dialect) is the capital city of the province of Novara in the Piedmont region in northwest Italy, to the west of Milan.
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Orobii
The Orobii also Orumobii or Orumbovii were a population that inhabited the northern Italian valleys of Bergamo, Como and Lecco in the 1st millennium BC.
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Osismii
The Osismii were a Gaulish tribe on the western Armorican peninsula.
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Paraphyly
In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor excluding a few—typically only one or two—monophyletic subgroups.
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Paris
Paris is the capital and most populous city of France, with an area of and a population of 2,206,488.
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Parisii (Gaul)
The Parisii were Celtic Iron Age people who lived on the banks of the river Seine (in Latin, Sequana) in Gaul from the middle of the 3rd century BCE until the Roman era.
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Pausanias (geographer)
Pausanias (Παυσανίας Pausanías; c. AD 110 – c. 180) was a Greek traveler and geographer of the second century AD, who lived in the time of Roman emperors Hadrian, Antoninus Pius, and Marcus Aurelius.
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Pavia
Pavia (Lombard: Pavia; Ticinum; Medieval Latin: Papia) is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, northern Italy, south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po.
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Périgueux
Périgueux (Peireguers or Periguers) is a commune in the Dordogne department in Nouvelle-Aquitaine in southwestern France.
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Persian people
The Persians--> are an Iranian ethnic group that make up over half the population of Iran.
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Petronius
Gaius Petronius Arbiter (c. 27 – 66 AD) was a Roman courtier during the reign of Nero.
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Pictones
The Pictones were a tribe inhabiting a region along the Bay of Biscay in what is now western France, along the south bank of the Loire.
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Po Valley
The Po Valley, Po Plain, Plain of the Po, or Padan Plain (Pianura Padana, or Val Padana) is a major geographical feature of Northern Italy.
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Poitiers
Poitiers is a city on the Clain river in west-central France.
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Portugal
Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.
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Postumus
Marcus Cassianius Latinius PostumusJones & Martindale (1971), p. 720 was a Roman commander of provincial origin who ruled as emperor in the west.
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Proto-Celtic language
The Proto-Celtic language, also called Common Celtic, is the reconstructed ancestor language of all the known Celtic languages.
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Proto-Indo-Europeans
The Proto-Indo-Europeans were the prehistoric people of Eurasia who spoke Proto-Indo-European (PIE), the ancestor of the Indo-European languages according to linguistic reconstruction.
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Ptolemaic dynasty
The Ptolemaic dynasty (Πτολεμαῖοι, Ptolemaioi), sometimes also known as the Lagids or Lagidae (Λαγίδαι, Lagidai, after Lagus, Ptolemy I's father), was a Macedonian Greek royal family, which ruled the Ptolemaic Kingdom in Egypt during the Hellenistic period.
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Ptolemaic Kingdom
The Ptolemaic Kingdom (Πτολεμαϊκὴ βασιλεία, Ptolemaïkḕ basileía) was a Hellenistic kingdom based in Egypt.
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Ptolemy II Philadelphus
Ptolemy II Philadelphus (Πτολεμαῖος Φιλάδελφος, Ptolemaîos Philádelphos "Ptolemy Beloved of his Sibling"; 308/9–246 BCE) was the king of Ptolemaic Egypt from 283 to 246 BCE.
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Ptolemy IV Philopator
Ptolemy IV Philopator (Πτολεμαῖος Φιλοπάτωρ, Ptolemaĩos Philopátōr "Ptolemy Beloved of his Father"; 245/4–204 BC), son of Ptolemy III and Berenice II, was the fourth Pharaoh of Ptolemaic Egypt from 221 to 204 BC.
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Ptolemy Keraunos
Ptolemy Keraunos (Πτολεμαῖος Κεραυνός, after 321 BC – 279 BC) was the King of Macedon from 281 BC to 279 BC.
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Punic Wars
The Punic Wars were a series of three wars fought between Rome and Carthage from 264 BC to 146 BC.
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Pyrenees
The Pyrenees (Pirineos, Pyrénées, Pirineus, Pirineus, Pirenèus, Pirinioak) is a range of mountains in southwest Europe that forms a natural border between Spain and France.
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Reims
Reims (also spelled Rheims), a city in the Grand Est region of France, lies east-northeast of Paris.
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Remi
The Remi were a Belgic people of north-eastern Gaul (Gallia Belgica).
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Rennes
Rennes (Roazhon,; Gallo: Resnn) is a city in the east of Brittany in northwestern France at the confluence of the Ille and the Vilaine.
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Rhône
The Rhône (Le Rhône; Rhone; Walliser German: Rotten; Rodano; Rôno; Ròse) is one of the major rivers of Europe and has twice the average discharge of the Loire (which is the longest French river), rising in the Rhône Glacier in the Swiss Alps at the far eastern end of the Swiss canton of Valais, passing through Lake Geneva and running through southeastern France.
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Rhine
--> The Rhine (Rhenus, Rein, Rhein, le Rhin,, Italiano: Reno, Rijn) is a European river that begins in the Swiss canton of Graubünden in the southeastern Swiss Alps, forms part of the Swiss-Liechtenstein, Swiss-Austrian, Swiss-German and then the Franco-German border, then flows through the German Rhineland and the Netherlands and eventually empties into the North Sea.
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Riedones
The Riedones, Redones or Rhedones are an ancient tribe of Gaul.
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Rodez
Rodez is a small city and commune in the South of France, about 150 km northeast of Toulouse.
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Roman consul
A consul held the highest elected political office of the Roman Republic (509 to 27 BC), and ancient Romans considered the consulship the highest level of the cursus honorum (an ascending sequence of public offices to which politicians aspired).
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.
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Roman Gaul
Roman Gaul refers to Gaul under provincial rule in the Roman Empire from the 1st century BC to the 5th century AD.
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Roman Republic
The Roman Republic (Res publica Romana) was the era of classical Roman civilization beginning with the overthrow of the Roman Kingdom, traditionally dated to 509 BC, and ending in 27 BC with the establishment of the Roman Empire.
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Roman–Gallic wars
The Roman-Gallic Wars were a series of conflicts between the forces of ancient Rome and various groups identified as Gauls (or Galli, Galatai, Celts, Celtae, Keltai, Keltoi).
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Rouen
Rouen (Frankish: Rodomo; Rotomagus, Rothomagus) is a city on the River Seine in the north of France.
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Ruteni
The Ruteni ("The blond ones") were a tribe of Gaul.
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Saône
The Saône (La Saône; Arpitan Sona, Arar) is a river of eastern France.
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Saint-Denis-lès-Martel
Saint-Denis-lès-Martel is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.
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Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux
Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux (Sant Pau Tres Castèus), sometimes known as -en-Tricastin, is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France.
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Saintes, Charente-Maritime
Saintes is a commune and historic town in southwestern France, in the Charente-Maritime department of which it is a sub-prefecture, in Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
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Salassi
The Salassi were a Celtic or Celticized Italic or Ligurian tribe whose lands lay on the Italian side of the Little St Bernard Pass across the Graian Alps to Lyons, and the Great St Bernard Pass over the Pennine Alps.
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Santones
The Santones or Santoni or Santii (Σάντονες, Σάντονοι, Σάντωνες, Santons) were a tribe of ancient Gaul located in the modern region of Saintonge and around the city of Saintes, city to which they gave their name.
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Second Punic War
The Second Punic War (218 to 201 BC), also referred to as The Hannibalic War and by the Romans the War Against Hannibal, was the second major war between Carthage and the Roman Republic and its allied Italic socii, with the participation of Greek polities and Numidian and Iberian forces on both sides.
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Segusini
The Segusini were a Gaulish tribe whose territory largely corresponded with the ancient Roman province of Alpes Cottiae, in the Cottian Alps.
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Seine
The Seine (La Seine) is a river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France.
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Seleucid Empire
The Seleucid Empire (Βασιλεία τῶν Σελευκιδῶν, Basileía tōn Seleukidōn) was a Hellenistic state ruled by the Seleucid dynasty, which existed from 312 BC to 63 BC; Seleucus I Nicator founded it following the division of the Macedonian empire vastly expanded by Alexander the Great.
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Senones
The Senones (Σήνωνες) were an ancient Celtic Gallic culture.
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Sens
Sens is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France, 120 km from Paris.
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Sequani
Sequani, in ancient geography, were a Gallic people who occupied the upper river basin of the Arar (Saône), the valley of the Doubs and the Jura Mountains, their territory corresponding to Franche-Comté and part of Burgundy.
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Sicily
Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.
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Slovakia
Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
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Soissons
Soissons is a commune in the northern French department of Aisne, in the region of Hauts-de-France.
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Sosthenes of Macedon
Sosthenes (Greek Σωσθένης; died 277 BC) was a Macedonian general who may have been a king of the Antipatrid dynasty.
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Southern Germany
Southern Germany as a region has no exact boundary but is generally taken to include the areas in which Upper German dialects are spoken.
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Spain
Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.
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Sphere of influence
In the field of international relations, a sphere of influence (SOI) is a spatial region or concept division over which a state or organization has a level of cultural, economic, military, or political exclusivity, accommodating to the interests of powers outside the borders of the state that controls it.
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Suessiones
The Suessiones were a Belgic tribe of western Gallia Belgica in the 1st century BC, inhabiting the region between the Oise and the Marne, around the present-day city of Soissons.
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Susa, Piedmont
Susa (Segusio) is a town and comune in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Piedmont, Italy.
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Swan
Swans are birds of the family Anatidae within the genus Cygnus.
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Taurini
The Taurini were an ancient Celtic people, who occupied the upper valley of the river Po, in the centre of modern Piedmont.
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Tectosages
The Tectosages or Tectosagii (Taker-Seekers) were one of the three ancient Gaulish tribes of Galatia in central Asia Minor, together with the Tolistobogii and Trocmii.
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Teutons
The Teutons (Latin: Teutones, Teutoni, Greek: "Τεύτονες") were an ancient tribe mentioned by Roman authors.
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Thermopylae
Thermopylae (Ancient and Katharevousa Greek: Θερμοπύλαι, Demotic: Θερμοπύλες: "hot gates") is a place in Greece where a narrow coastal passage existed in antiquity.
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Third Servile War
The Third Servile War, also called by Plutarch the Gladiator War and The War of Spartacus, was the last in a series of slave rebellions against the Roman Republic, known collectively as the Servile Wars.
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Thrace
Thrace (Modern Θράκη, Thráki; Тракия, Trakiya; Trakya) is a geographical and historical area in southeast Europe, now split between Bulgaria, Greece and Turkey, which is bounded by the Balkan Mountains to the north, the Aegean Sea to the south and the Black Sea to the east.
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Tigurini
The Tigurini were a clan or tribe forming one out of four pagi (provinces) of the Helvetii.
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Tintignac
Tintignac is a hamlet near Naves in the Corrèze region of France.
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Tolistobogii
Tolistobogii (in other sources Tolistobogioi, Tolistobōgioi, Tolistoboioi, Tolistobioi, Toligistobogioi or Tolistoagioi) is the name used by the Roman historian, Livy, for one of the three ancient Gaulish tribes of Galatia in central Asia Minor, together with the Trocmi and Tectosages.
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Tongeren
Tongeren (Tongres, Tongern) is a city and municipality located in the Belgian province of Limburg, in the southeastern corner of the Flemish region of Belgium.
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Torc
A torc, also spelled torq or torque, is a large rigid or stiff neck ring in metal, made either as a single piece or from strands twisted together.
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Toulouse
Toulouse (Tolosa, Tolosa) is the capital of the French department of Haute-Garonne and of the region of Occitanie.
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Tours
Tours is a city located in the centre-west of France.
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Toutatis
Toutatis or Teutates was a Celtic god worshipped in ancient Gaul and Britain.
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Treveri
The Treveri or Treviri were a Belgic tribe who inhabited the lower valley of the Moselle from around 150 BCE, if not earlier, until their displacement by the Franks.
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Tricastin
The Tricastin is a natural and historic region in the southern Rhône valley of southeastern France comprising the southwestern portion of the Drôme department and the northwestern portion of Vaucluse and centered on the modern town of Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux.
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Trier
Trier (Tréier), formerly known in English as Treves (Trèves) and Triers (see also names in other languages), is a city in Germany on the banks of the Moselle.
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Triskelion
A triskelion or triskele is a motif consisting of a triple spiral exhibiting rotational symmetry.
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Trocmi
The Trocmii or Trocmi were one of the three ancient tribes of Galatia in central Asia Minor, together with the Tolistobogii and Tectosages, part of the possible Gallic group who moved from Macedonia into Asia Minor in the early third century BCE.
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Tungri
The Tungri (or Tongri, or Tungrians) were a tribe, or group of tribes, who lived in the Belgic part of Gaul, during the times of the Roman empire.
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Turin
Turin (Torino; Turin) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in northern Italy.
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Turones
The Turones were a Celtic tribe of pre-Roman Gaul.
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Unelli
The Unelli or Veneli (also Venelli) were one of the Armoric or maritime states of Gallia.
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Urnfield culture
The Urnfield culture (c. 1300 BC – 750 BC) was a late Bronze Age culture of central Europe, often divided into several local cultures within a broader Urnfield tradition.
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Uxellodunum
Uxellodunum is an iron age hill fort, or oppidum, located above the river Dordogne near the modern-day French village of Vayrac in the Lot department.
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Vaison-la-Romaine
Vaison-la-Romaine (Latin: Vasio Vocontiorum) is a commune in the Vaucluse department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in southeastern France.The French archaeologist and hellenist Henri Metzger (1912–2007) died here.
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Vangiones
The Vangiones appear first in history as an ancient Germanic tribe of unknown provenance.
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Vannes
Vannes is a commune in the Morbihan department in Brittany in north-western France.
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Vascones
The Vascones (singular Vasco, in the Spanish-language Auñamendi Encyclopedia. from Latin gens Vasconum) were a pre-Roman tribe who, on the arrival of the Romans in the 1st century, inhabited a territory that spanned between the upper course of the Ebro river and the southern basin of the western Pyrenees, a region that coincides with present-day Navarre, western Aragon and northeastern La Rioja, in the Iberian Peninsula.
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Vayrac
Vayrac is a commune in the Lot department in south-western France.
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Veliocasses
In pre-Roman Gaul the Belgic tribe of the Veliocasses or Velocasses controlled a large area in the lower Seine valley, which retains a trace of their name, as the Vexin.
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Vellavi
The Vellavi were a Gaulish people in the region of Le Puy-en-Velay in the region of the Auvergne, which, at the time of Julius Caesar's campaigns against the Gaul (Gallic Wars) lay on the border of Gallia Narbonensis.
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Veneti (Gaul)
The Veneti were a seafaring Celtic people who lived in the Brittany peninsula (France), which in Roman times formed part of an area called Armorica.
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Vercingetorix
Vercingetorix (– 46 BC) was a king and chieftain of the Arverni tribe; he united the Gauls in a revolt against Roman forces during the last phase of Julius Caesar's Gallic Wars.
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Vertamocorii
The Vertamocorii were a Celtic people that lived in Cisalpine Gaul around Novara, in Eastern Piedmont (Italy).
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Viducasses
The Viducasses or Viducassii were a Celtic people in Gallia Lugdunensis.
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Vienne
Vienne is a department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
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Vienne, Isère
Vienne (Vièna) is a commune in southeastern France, located south of Lyon, on the river Rhône.
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Vieux, Calvados
Vieux is a commune in the Calvados department in the Normandy region in northwestern France.
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Vindelici
The Vindelici were a Celtic people in antiquity.
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Vix Grave
The Vix Grave is a burial mound near the village of Vix in northern Burgundy.
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Vocontii
The Vocontii were a Gallic people who lived to the east of the River Rhône in modern south-eastern France.
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Volcae
The Volcae were a tribal confederation constituted before the raid of combined Gauls that invaded Macedonia c. 270 BC and fought the assembled Greeks at the Battle of Thermopylae in 279 BC.
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Walhaz
*Walhaz is a reconstructed Proto-Germanic word meaning "foreigner", "stranger", "Roman", "Romance-speaker", or "Celtic-speaker".
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War elephant
A war elephant is an elephant that is trained and guided by humans for combat.
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Wild boar
The wild boar (Sus scrofa), also known as the wild swine,Heptner, V. G.; Nasimovich, A. A.; Bannikov, A. G.; Hoffman, R. S. (1988), Volume I, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, pp.
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Worms, Germany
Worms is a city in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, situated on the Upper Rhine about south-southwest of Frankfurt-am-Main.
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Yverdon-les-Bains
Yverdon-les-Bains (called Eburodunum and Ebredunum during the Roman era) is a municipality in the district of Jura-Nord vaudois of the canton of Vaud in Switzerland.
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Gallic people, Gallic tribe, Gaulish people, Gaulish tribe, List of Gallic tribes, List of Gaulish tribes, List of Peoples of Gaul, List of peoples of Gaul, Nos ancêtres les Gaulois.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gauls
