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161 relations: Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias, Algeria, Alstom, Amtrak, Australia, Austria, Austrian Federal Railways, Axle counter, České dráhy, Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko, Balise, Banedanmark, Bangladesh, Bangladesh Railway, Base station, Base transceiver station, Belgium, Bit, Bondi Junction, New South Wales, Bulgaria, Cab Secure Radio, Cambrian Line, China, China Railway, CIÉ, Circuit switching, Classification yard, Closed-circuit television, Croatia, Croatian Railways, Czech Republic, DB Netz, Denmark, Department of Transport (Victoria), Deutsche Bahn, DSB (railway company), East Coast Main Line, European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations, European Rail Traffic Management System, European Train Control System, European Union, Far North Line, Finland, Finnish Transport Agency, France, Frequency band, Frequentis, Gare de l'Est, Germany, Getlink, ..., Government of Victoria, Great Britain, Greece, Green Cargo, GSM, GSM frequency bands, Harlech, Hector Rail, Hellenic Railways Organisation, High-speed rail, Highland Main Line, Huawei, Hungarian State Railways, Hungary, Iarnród Éireann, India, Indian Railways, Infrabel, Intercity-Express, International Union of Railways, Israel, Israel Railways, Italy, Kapsch, Kapsch CarrierCom AG, Kiama, New South Wales, Leaky feeder, LGV Est, Lithgow, New South Wales, Lithuania, Lithuanian Railways, LTE (telecommunication), Luxembourg, Macarthur, New South Wales, Metro Trains Melbourne, Minimum-shift keying, Ministry of Railways (China), Modem, National Company for Rail Transport, National Railway Company of Belgium, National Railway Infrastructure Company, Nederlandse Spoorwegen, Netherlands, Network Rail, Newcastle, New South Wales, NI Railways, Nokia, Nokia Networks, Nortel, North Clyde Line, Northern Ireland, Norway, Norwegian National Rail Administration, Norwegian State Railways, NS Railinfratrust, PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe, Poland, Polish State Railways, Professional mobile radio, Pwllheli, Radio Electronic Token Block, Rail transport, RailCorp, Railways of Slovak Republic, Renfe Operadora, Republic of Ireland, Rete Ferroviaria Italiana, Russia, Russian Railways, Saarbrücken, SAGEMCOM, Saudi Arabia, Siemens Mobility, Sierra Wireless, Slovakia, Slovenia, Slovenian Railways, SNCF, SNCF TGV POS, Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois, South Korea, Spain, Správa železniční dopravní cesty, Strasbourg, Sweden, Swedish State Railways, Swedish Transport Administration, Swiss Federal Railways, Switzerland, Türkmendemirýollary, Thales Group, The Australian, Time-division multiple access, Track (rail transport), Trenitalia, Trunked radio system, Turkey, Turkish State Railways, Turkmenistan, UGL Limited, United States, United States Department of Transportation, Voice group call service, VR (company), Waterfall rail accident, West Coast Main Line, WINGcon, Wireless, ZTE, 4G, 5G. Expand index (111 more) »
Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias
ADIF (an acronym of Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias) is a Spanish state-owned railway infrastructure manager under the responsibility of the Ministry of Public Works and Transport, charged with the management of most of Spain's railway infrastructure, that is the track, signaling and stations.
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Algeria
Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.
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Alstom
Alstom is a French multinational company operating worldwide in rail transport markets, active in the fields of passenger transportation, signalling and locomotives, with products including the AGV, TGV, Eurostar, and Pendolino high-speed trains, in addition to suburban, regional and metro trains, and Citadis trams.
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Amtrak
The National Railroad Passenger Corporation, doing business as Amtrak, is a passenger railroad service that provides medium- and long-distance intercity service in the contiguous United States and to three Canadian cities.
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Australia
Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.
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Austria
Austria (Österreich), officially the Republic of Austria (Republik Österreich), is a federal republic and a landlocked country of over 8.8 million people in Central Europe.
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Austrian Federal Railways
The Austrian Federal Railways (German: Österreichische Bundesbahnen or ÖBB, formerly the Bundesbahn Österreich or BBÖ) is the national railway system of Austria, and the administrator of Liechtenstein's railways.
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Axle counter
An axle counter is a device on a railway that detects the passing of a train between two points on a track.
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České dráhy
České dráhy, often shortened to ČD (English: Czech Railways), is the main railway operator in the Czech Republic providing regional and long-distance services.
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Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko
Železničná spoločnosť Slovensko, a.s. (ZSSK) is Slovak state-owned passenger trains operated company, based in Bratislava.
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Balise
A balise is an electronic beacon or transponder placed between the rails of a railway as part of an automatic train protection (ATP) system.
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Banedanmark
Banedanmark (previously Banestyrelsen) is a Danish company responsible for maintenance and traffic control of most of the Danish railway network.
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Bangladesh
Bangladesh (বাংলাদেশ, lit. "The country of Bengal"), officially the People's Republic of Bangladesh (গণপ্রজাতন্ত্রী বাংলাদেশ), is a country in South Asia.
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Bangladesh Railway
Bangladesh Railway (বাংলাদেশ রেলওয়ে) is the state owned rail transport agency of Bangladesh.
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Base station
Base station (or base radio station) is – according to the International Telecommunication Union's (ITU) Radio Regulations (RR) – a "land station in the land mobile service." The term is used in the context of mobile telephony, wireless computer networking and other wireless communications and in land surveying.
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Base transceiver station
A base transceiver station (BTS) is a piece of equipment that facilitates wireless communication between user equipment (UE) and a network.
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Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
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Bit
The bit (a portmanteau of binary digit) is a basic unit of information used in computing and digital communications.
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Bondi Junction, New South Wales
Bondi Junction is an eastern suburb of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
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Bulgaria
Bulgaria (България, tr.), officially the Republic of Bulgaria (Република България, tr.), is a country in southeastern Europe.
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Cab Secure Radio
Cab Secure Radio (CSR) is an in-cab analogue radiotelephone system used on parts of the British railway network.
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Cambrian Line
The Cambrian Line (Welsh: Rheilffordd y Cambrian) is a railway that runs from Shrewsbury (in Shropshire, England) to Aberystwyth (in Ceredigion) and Pwllheli (in Gwynedd), both on the west coast of Wales.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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China Railway
China Railway, commonly known as CR, full name China Railway Corporation is a state-owned sole proprietorship enterprise that undertakes railway passenger and cargo transportation services in the People's Republic of China and is a state-owned industrial enterprise established under the "Law of the People's Republic of China on All-Ownership Industrial Enterprises." The Ministry of Finance acts on behalf of the State Council to perform the duties of investors..
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CIÉ
Córas Iompair Éireann (Irish Transport System), or CIÉ, is a statutory corporation of the Republic of Ireland, answerable to the Irish Government and responsible for most public transport in Ireland and – jointly with its Northern Ireland counterpart, the Northern Ireland Transport Holding Company – the railway service between Ireland and Northern Ireland.
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Circuit switching
Circuit switching is a method of implementing a telecommunications network in which two network nodes establish a dedicated communications channel (circuit) through the network before the nodes may communicate.
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Classification yard
A classification yard (American and Canadian English) or marshalling yard (British, Hong Kong, Indian, Australian and Canadian English) is a railway yard found at some freight train stations, used to separate railway cars onto one of several tracks.
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Closed-circuit television
Closed-circuit television (CCTV), also known as video surveillance, is the use of video cameras to transmit a signal to a specific place, on a limited set of monitors.
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Croatia
Croatia (Hrvatska), officially the Republic of Croatia (Republika Hrvatska), is a country at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, on the Adriatic Sea.
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Croatian Railways
Croatian Railways (Hrvatske željeznice, HŽ) is the national railway company of Croatia.
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Czech Republic
The Czech Republic (Česká republika), also known by its short-form name Czechia (Česko), is a landlocked country in Central Europe bordered by Germany to the west, Austria to the south, Slovakia to the east and Poland to the northeast.
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DB Netz
DB Netz AG is a 100%-owned subsidiary of Deutsche Bahn is a railway infrastructure manager, which owns and operates a majority of the German railway system (2005: 34,211 km).
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Denmark
Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.
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Department of Transport (Victoria)
The Department of Transport (DOT) was the government agency responsible for the coordination, integration and regulation of the transport system in the State of Victoria, Australia.
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Deutsche Bahn
Deutsche Bahn AG (abbreviated as DB, DB AG or DBAG) is a German railway company.
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DSB (railway company)
DSB, an abbreviation of Danske Statsbaner (Danish State Railways), is the largest Danish train operating company, and the largest in Scandinavia.
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East Coast Main Line
The East Coast Main Line (ECML) is a major railway link between London and Edinburgh via Peterborough, Doncaster, York, Darlington, Durham and Newcastle; it is presently electrified along the whole route.
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European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations
The European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications Administrations (CEPT) was established on June 26, 1959, as a coordinating body for European state telecommunications and postal organizations.
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European Rail Traffic Management System
The European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS) is the system of standards for management and interoperation of signalling for railways by the European Union (EU).
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European Train Control System
The European Train Control System (ETCS) is the signalling and control component of the European Rail Traffic Management System (ERTMS).
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European Union
The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.
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Far North Line
The Far North Line is a rural railway line entirely within the Highland area of Scotland, extending from Inverness to Thurso and Wick.
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Finland
Finland (Suomi; Finland), officially the Republic of Finland is a country in Northern Europe bordering the Baltic Sea, Gulf of Bothnia, and Gulf of Finland, between Norway to the north, Sweden to the northwest, and Russia to the east.
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Finnish Transport Agency
The Finnish Transport Agency (Liikennevirasto, Trafikverket), shortened to FTA, is a Finnish government agency responsible for the maintenance of Finland's road, rail, and waterway systems.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Frequency band
A frequency band is an interval in the frequency domain, delimited by a lower frequency and an upper frequency.
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Frequentis
Frequentis is an Austrian high-tech company that develops communication and information systems in fields such as air traffic management and public safety & transport (police, rescue and fire services, coastal rescue, railways, shipping, and others).
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Gare de l'Est
The Gare de l'Est ("Station of the East" in English), officially Paris-Est, is one of the six large SNCF termini in Paris.
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Germany
Germany (Deutschland), officially the Federal Republic of Germany (Bundesrepublik Deutschland), is a sovereign state in central-western Europe.
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Getlink
Getlink, formerly Groupe Eurotunnel, is a public company which manages and operates the Channel Tunnel between England and France, including the Eurotunnel Shuttle vehicle services, and earns revenue on other trains through the tunnel (DB Schenker freight and Eurostar passenger).
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Government of Victoria
The Government of Victoria is the executive administrative authority of the Australian state of Victoria.
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Great Britain
Great Britain, also known as Britain, is a large island in the north Atlantic Ocean off the northwest coast of continental Europe.
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Greece
No description.
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Green Cargo
Green Cargo AB is a Swedish logistics company transporting various types of goods by train.
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GSM
GSM (Global System for Mobile communications) is a standard developed by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) to describe the protocols for second-generation digital cellular networks used by mobile devices such as tablets, first deployed in Finland in December 1991.
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GSM frequency bands
GSM frequency bands or frequency ranges are the cellular frequencies designated by the ITU for the operation of GSM mobile phones and other mobile devices.
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Harlech
Harlech is a seaside resort in Gwynedd within the historic boundaries of Merionethshire in north-west Wales.
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Hector Rail
Hector Rail is a Swedish-based independent train haulage provider operating in the European rail transport market, operating 50 locomotives.
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Hellenic Railways Organisation
The Hellenic Railways Organisation or OSE (italic or Ο.Σ.Ε.) is the Greek national railway company which owns, maintains and operates all railway infrastructure in Greece with the exception of Athens' rapid transit lines.
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High-speed rail
High-speed rail is a type of rail transport that operates significantly faster than traditional rail traffic, using an integrated system of specialized rolling stock and dedicated tracks.
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Highland Main Line
The Highland Main Line is a railway line in Scotland.
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Huawei
Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. is a Chinese multinational networking, telecommunications equipment, and services company headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong.
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Hungarian State Railways
Hungarian State Railways (Magyar Államvasutak, MÁV) is the Hungarian national railway company, with divisions "MÁV START Zrt." (passenger transport), "MÁV-Gépészet Zrt." (maintenance) and "MÁV-Trakció Zrt.". The "MÁV Cargo Zrt" (freight transport) was sold to Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) in 2007.
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Hungary
Hungary (Magyarország) is a country in Central Europe that covers an area of in the Carpathian Basin, bordered by Slovakia to the north, Ukraine to the northeast, Austria to the northwest, Romania to the east, Serbia to the south, Croatia to the southwest, and Slovenia to the west.
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Iarnród Éireann
Iarnród Éireann, also known as Irish Rail in English, is the operator of the national railway network of Ireland.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Indian Railways
Indian Railways (IR) is India's national railway system operated by the Ministry of Railways.
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Infrabel
Infrabel is a Belgian government-owned public limited company.
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Intercity-Express
The Intercity-Express (written as InterCityExpress in Austria, Denmark, Switzerland and, formerly, in Germany) or ICE is a system of high-speed trains predominantly running in Germany and its surrounding countries.
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International Union of Railways
The UIC (Union Internationale des Chemins de fer) or International Union of Railways is an international rail transport industry body.
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Israel
Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.
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Israel Railways
Israel Railways corporation Ltd., dba Israel Railways (רַכֶּבֶת יִשְׂרָאֵל, Rakevet Yisra'el, خطوط السكك الحديدية الإسرائيلية) is the state-owned principal railway company responsible for all inter-city, commuter, and freight rail transport in Israel.
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Italy
Italy (Italia), officially the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Kapsch
The Kapsch Group, headquartered in Vienna, Austria, is an international Road Telematics, Information Technology and Telecommunications Company.
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Kapsch CarrierCom AG
Kapsch CarrierCom is a global system integrator and supplier of end-to-end telecommunications solutions for public and railway operators, urban transport organizations and companies seeking real-time asset management solutions.
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Kiama, New South Wales
Kiama is a coastal town 120 kilometres south of Sydney in the Illawarra.
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Leaky feeder
A leaky feeder is a communications system used in underground mining and other tunnel environments.
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LGV Est
The Ligne à Grande Vitesse Est européenne (English: East European High Speed Line), typically shortened to LGV Est, is a French high-speed rail line that connects Vaires-sur-Marne (near Paris) and Vendenheim (near Strasbourg).
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Lithgow, New South Wales
Lithgow is a city in the Central Tablelands of New South Wales, Australia and is the administrative centre of the City of Lithgow local government area.
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Lithuania
Lithuania (Lietuva), officially the Republic of Lithuania (Lietuvos Respublika), is a country in the Baltic region of northern-eastern Europe.
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Lithuanian Railways
Lithuanian Railways (Lietuvos geležinkeliai) is the national, state-owned railway company of Lithuania.
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LTE (telecommunication)
In telecommunication, Long-Term Evolution (LTE) is a standard for high-speed wireless communication for mobile devices and data terminals, based on the GSM/EDGE and UMTS/HSPA technologies.
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Luxembourg
Luxembourg (Lëtzebuerg; Luxembourg, Luxemburg), officially the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg, is a landlocked country in western Europe.
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Macarthur, New South Wales
Macarthur is a region in south-west of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia.
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Metro Trains Melbourne
Metro Trains Melbourne, known colloquially as simply Metro, is the franchised operator of the suburban railway network in Melbourne, Australia.
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Minimum-shift keying
In digital modulation, minimum-shift keying (MSK) is a type of continuous-phase frequency-shift keying that was developed in the late 1950s and 1960s.
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Ministry of Railways (China)
The Ministry of Railways (MOR) is a defunct ministry under the State Council of the People's Republic of China.
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Modem
A modem (modulator–demodulator) is a network hardware device that modulates one or more carrier wave signals to encode digital information for transmission and demodulates signals to decode the transmitted information.
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National Company for Rail Transport
The National Rail Transportation Company (Société Nationale des Transports Ferroviaires, abbreviated SNTF; الشركة الوطنية للنّقل بالسّكك الحديدية) — is Algeria's national railway operator.
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National Railway Company of Belgium
NMBS/SNCB (Nationale Maatschappij der Belgische Spoorwegen, Société nationale des chemins de fer belges, Nationale Gesellschaft der Belgischen Eisenbahnen) is the national railway company of Belgium.
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National Railway Infrastructure Company
The National Railway Infrastructure Company (Национална компания Железопътна инфраструктура, Natsionalna kompaniya Zhelezopatna infrastruktura, abbreviated as НКЖИ or NRIC) is Bulgaria's state railway infrastructure company, established as an entity on 1 January 2002.
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Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS;; "Dutch Railways") a Dutch state-owned company, the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands.
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Netherlands
The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.
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Network Rail
Network Rail is the owner (via its subsidiary Network Rail Infrastructure Ltd, which was known as Railtrack plc before 2002) and infrastructure manager of most of the rail network in England, Scotland and Wales.
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Newcastle, New South Wales
The Newcastle metropolitan area is the second most populated area in the Australian state of New South Wales and includes most of the Newcastle and Lake Macquarie local government areas.
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NI Railways
NI Railways, also known as Northern Ireland Railways (NIR) and for a brief period Ulster Transport Railways (UTR), is the railway operator in Northern Ireland.
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Nokia
Nokia is a Finnish multinational telecommunications, information technology, and consumer electronics company, founded in 1865.
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Nokia Networks
Nokia Networks (formerly Nokia Solutions and Networks (NSN) and Nokia Siemens Networks (NSN) is a multinational data networking and telecommunications equipment company headquartered in Espoo, Finland, and wholly owned subsidiary of Nokia Corporation. It started as a joint venture between Nokia of Finland and Siemens of Germany known as Nokia Siemens Networks. Nokia Networks has operations in around 120 countries. In 2013, Nokia acquired 100% of Nokia Networks, buying all of Siemens' shares. In April 2014, NSN name was phased out as part of rebranding process.
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Nortel
Nortel Networks Corporation, formerly known as Northern Telecom Limited, Northern Electric and sometimes known simply as Nortel, was a multinational telecommunications and data networking equipment manufacturer headquartered in Mississauga, Ontario, Canada.
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North Clyde Line
The North Clyde Line (defined by Network Rail as the Glasgow North Electric Suburban line) is a suburban railway in West Central Scotland.
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Northern Ireland
Northern Ireland (Tuaisceart Éireann; Ulster-Scots: Norlin Airlann) is a part of the United Kingdom in the north-east of the island of Ireland, variously described as a country, province or region.
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Norway
Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.
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Norwegian National Rail Administration
The Norwegian National Rail Administration (Jernbaneverket) was a government agency responsible for owning, maintaining, operating and developing the Norwegian railway network, including the track, stations, classification yards, traffic management and timetables.
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Norwegian State Railways
Norges Statsbaner AS, trading as NSB AS and known in English as the Norwegian State Railways, is a government-owned railway company which operates most passenger train services in Norway.
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NS Railinfratrust
The Railinfratrust Company (RIT) is the owner of the rail infrastructure in the Netherlands.
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PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe
PKP Polskie Linie Kolejowe S.A. is a company of the PKP Group and is the Polish railway infrastructure manager, responsible for maintenance of rail tracks, conducting the trains across country, scheduling train timetables and management of railway land.
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Poland
Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.
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Polish State Railways
Polskie Koleje Państwowe SA (PKP SA, Polish State Railways, Inc.) is the dominant railway operator in Poland.
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Professional mobile radio
Professional mobile radio (also known as private mobile radio (PMR) in the UK and land mobile radio (LMR) in North America) are field radio communications systems which use portable, mobile, base station, and dispatch console radios.
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Pwllheli
Pwllheli is a community and the main market town of the Llŷn Peninsula (Penrhyn Llŷn) in Gwynedd, north-western Wales.
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Radio Electronic Token Block
Radio Electronic Token Block is a system of railway signalling used in the United Kingdom.
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Rail transport
Rail transport is a means of transferring of passengers and goods on wheeled vehicles running on rails, also known as tracks.
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RailCorp
Rail Corporation New South Wales (RailCorp) is an agency of the State of New South Wales, Australia established under the Transport Administration Act 1988 in 2004.
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Railways of Slovak Republic
Railways of the Slovak Republic (Železnice Slovenskej republiky, ŽSR) is the state-owned railway infrastructure company in Slovakia.
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Renfe Operadora
Renfe Operadora is the state-owned company which operates freight and passenger trains on the, the and the networks of the Spanish national railway infrastructure company Adif (Administrador de Infraestructuras Ferroviarias—Railway Infrastructure Administration).
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Republic of Ireland
Ireland (Éire), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland.
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Rete Ferroviaria Italiana
Rete Ferroviaria Italiana (RFI) is the Italian railway infrastructure manager, subsidiary of Ferrovie dello Stato (FS), a state-owned holding company.
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Russia
Russia (rɐˈsʲijə), officially the Russian Federation (p), is a country in Eurasia. At, Russia is the largest country in the world by area, covering more than one-eighth of the Earth's inhabited land area, and the ninth most populous, with over 144 million people as of December 2017, excluding Crimea. About 77% of the population live in the western, European part of the country. Russia's capital Moscow is one of the largest cities in the world; other major cities include Saint Petersburg, Novosibirsk, Yekaterinburg and Nizhny Novgorod. Extending across the entirety of Northern Asia and much of Eastern Europe, Russia spans eleven time zones and incorporates a wide range of environments and landforms. From northwest to southeast, Russia shares land borders with Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania and Poland (both with Kaliningrad Oblast), Belarus, Ukraine, Georgia, Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia and North Korea. It shares maritime borders with Japan by the Sea of Okhotsk and the U.S. state of Alaska across the Bering Strait. The East Slavs emerged as a recognizable group in Europe between the 3rd and 8th centuries AD. Founded and ruled by a Varangian warrior elite and their descendants, the medieval state of Rus arose in the 9th century. In 988 it adopted Orthodox Christianity from the Byzantine Empire, beginning the synthesis of Byzantine and Slavic cultures that defined Russian culture for the next millennium. Rus' ultimately disintegrated into a number of smaller states; most of the Rus' lands were overrun by the Mongol invasion and became tributaries of the nomadic Golden Horde in the 13th century. The Grand Duchy of Moscow gradually reunified the surrounding Russian principalities, achieved independence from the Golden Horde. By the 18th century, the nation had greatly expanded through conquest, annexation, and exploration to become the Russian Empire, which was the third largest empire in history, stretching from Poland on the west to Alaska on the east. Following the Russian Revolution, the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic became the largest and leading constituent of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, the world's first constitutionally socialist state. The Soviet Union played a decisive role in the Allied victory in World War II, and emerged as a recognized superpower and rival to the United States during the Cold War. The Soviet era saw some of the most significant technological achievements of the 20th century, including the world's first human-made satellite and the launching of the first humans in space. By the end of 1990, the Soviet Union had the world's second largest economy, largest standing military in the world and the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, twelve independent republics emerged from the USSR: Russia, Ukraine, Belarus, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan and the Baltic states regained independence: Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania; the Russian SFSR reconstituted itself as the Russian Federation and is recognized as the continuing legal personality and a successor of the Soviet Union. It is governed as a federal semi-presidential republic. The Russian economy ranks as the twelfth largest by nominal GDP and sixth largest by purchasing power parity in 2015. Russia's extensive mineral and energy resources are the largest such reserves in the world, making it one of the leading producers of oil and natural gas globally. The country is one of the five recognized nuclear weapons states and possesses the largest stockpile of weapons of mass destruction. Russia is a great power as well as a regional power and has been characterised as a potential superpower. It is a permanent member of the United Nations Security Council and an active global partner of ASEAN, as well as a member of the G20, the Shanghai Cooperation Organisation (SCO), the Council of Europe, the Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation (APEC), the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the World Trade Organization (WTO), as well as being the leading member of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the Collective Security Treaty Organization (CSTO) and one of the five members of the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU), along with Armenia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan.
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Russian Railways
JSC Russian Railways (JSC RZhD; ОАО «Российские железные дороги» (ОАО «РЖД») tr. OAO Rossiyskie zheleznye dorogi (OAO RZhD)) is a Russian fully state-owned vertically integrated company, both managing infrastructure and operating freight and passenger train services.
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Saarbrücken
Saarbrücken (Sarrebruck, Rhine Franconian: Saarbrigge) is the capital and largest city of the state of Saarland, Germany.
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SAGEMCOM
SAGEMCOM is a French communications company based in Rueil-Malmaison.
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Saudi Arabia
Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula.
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Siemens Mobility
Siemens Mobility is a division of the German conglomerate Siemens.
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Sierra Wireless
Sierra Wireless is a multinational wireless communications equipment designer and manufacturer headquartered in Richmond, British Columbia, Canada.
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Slovakia
Slovakia (Slovensko), officially the Slovak Republic (Slovenská republika), is a landlocked country in Central Europe.
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Slovenia
Slovenia (Slovenija), officially the Republic of Slovenia (Slovene:, abbr.: RS), is a country in southern Central Europe, located at the crossroads of main European cultural and trade routes.
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Slovenian Railways
Slovenian Railways (Slovenske železnice, SŽ) is the state railway company of Slovenia, created in 1991 from the Ljubljana division of the former Yugoslav Railways after the breakup of Yugoslavia.
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SNCF
The Société nationale des chemins de fer français (SNCF, "French National Railway Company") is France's national state-owned railway company.
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SNCF TGV POS
The TGV POS is a TGV train built by French manufacturer Alstom which is operated by the French national rail company, the SNCF, in France's high-speed rail lines.
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Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois
The Société Nationale des Chemins de Fer Luxembourgeois (Luxembourg National Railway Company, abbreviated CFL) is the national railway company of Luxembourg.
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South Korea
South Korea, officially the Republic of Korea (대한민국; Hanja: 大韓民國; Daehan Minguk,; lit. "The Great Country of the Han People"), is a country in East Asia, constituting the southern part of the Korean Peninsula and lying east to the Asian mainland.
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Spain
Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.
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Správa železniční dopravní cesty
Správa železniční dopravní cesty (English: Railway Infrastructure Administration) is the national railway infrastructure manager in the Czech Republic.
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Strasbourg
Strasbourg (Alsatian: Strossburi; Straßburg) is the capital and largest city of the Grand Est region of France and is the official seat of the European Parliament.
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Sweden
Sweden (Sverige), officially the Kingdom of Sweden (Swedish), is a Scandinavian country in Northern Europe.
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Swedish State Railways
The Swedish State Railways (Statens Järnvägar) or SJ, originally the Royal Railway Board (Kungl.), was the former government agency responsible for operating the state railways in Sweden.
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Swedish Transport Administration
The Swedish Transport Administration (Trafikverket) is a government agency in Sweden, controlled by the Riksdag and the Government of Sweden.
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Swiss Federal Railways
Swiss Federal Railways (Schweizerische Bundesbahnen, SBB, Chemins de fer fédéraux suisses, CFF, Ferrovie federali svizzere, FFS) is the national railway company of Switzerland.
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Switzerland
Switzerland, officially the Swiss Confederation, is a sovereign state in Europe.
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Türkmendemirýollary
Türkmendemirýollary (Turkmen Railways) is a state-owned operator of railways in Turkmenistan.
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Thales Group
Thales Group is a French multinational company that designs and builds electrical systems and provides services for the aerospace, defence, transportation and security markets.
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The Australian
The Australian is a broadsheet newspaper published in Australia from Monday to Saturday each week since 14 July 1964.
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Time-division multiple access
Time-division multiple access (TDMA) is a channel access method for shared-medium networks.
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Track (rail transport)
The track on a railway or railroad, also known as the permanent way, is the structure consisting of the rails, fasteners, railroad ties (sleepers, British English) and ballast (or slab track), plus the underlying subgrade.
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Trenitalia
Trenitalia is the primary train operator in Italy.
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Trunked radio system
A trunked radio system is two-way radio system that uses a control channel to automatically direct radio traffic.
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Turkey
Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.
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Turkish State Railways
The State Railways of the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti Devlet Demiryolları), abbreviated as TCDD, is a government-owned national railway company responsible with the ownership and maintenance of railway infrastructure in Turkey, as well as the planning and construction of new lines.
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Turkmenistan
Turkmenistan (or; Türkmenistan), (formerly known as Turkmenia) is a sovereign state in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south and southwest, and the Caspian Sea to the west.
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UGL Limited
UGL, formerly known as United Group is an engineering company.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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United States Department of Transportation
The United States Department of Transportation (USDOT or DOT) is a federal Cabinet department of the U.S. government concerned with transportation.
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Voice group call service
The voice group call service (VGCS) is a mobile communication service for GSM, that allows subscribers to communicate to multiple other subscribers at the same time.
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VR (company)
VR (formally VR Group) is a government-owned railway company in Finland.
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Waterfall rail accident
The Waterfall rail accident was a train accident that occurred on 31 January 2003 near Waterfall, New South Wales, Australia.
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West Coast Main Line
The West Coast Main Line (WCML) is one of the most important railway corridors in the United Kingdom, connecting the major cities of London, Birmingham, Liverpool, Manchester, and Glasgow.
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WINGcon
WINGcon is a German company that operates in the telecommunications industry.
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Wireless
Wireless communication, or sometimes simply wireless, is the transfer of information or power between two or more points that are not connected by an electrical conductor.
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ZTE
ZTE Corporation is a Chinese multinational telecommunications equipment and systems company headquartered in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China.
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4G
4G is the fourth generation of broadband cellular network technology, succeeding 3G.
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5G
5G is a marketing term for some new mobile technologies.
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Redirects here:
GSM-Railway, GSMR, Global System for Mobile Communication - Railway, Global System for Mobile Communication – Railway, Global System for Mobile Communications - Railway, Global System for Mobile Communications – Railway, Gsm-r.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GSM-R
