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31 relations: Atomic nucleus, Beryllium, Boron, Borromean nucleus, Borromean rings, Carbon, Excited state, Femtometre, Ground state, Helium, Ion beam, Isotopes of beryllium, Isotopes of boron, Isotopes of carbon, Isotopes of helium, Isotopes of lithium, Isotopes of neon, Isotopes of phosphorus, Isotopes of sulfur, Lead, Lithium, Mass number, National Nuclear Data Center, Neon, Neutronium, Nuclear drip line, Nuclear physics, Phosphorus, Semi-empirical mass formula, Sulfur, Table of nuclides.
Atomic nucleus
The atomic nucleus is the small, dense region consisting of protons and neutrons at the center of an atom, discovered in 1911 by Ernest Rutherford based on the 1909 Geiger–Marsden gold foil experiment.
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Beryllium
Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4.
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Boron
Boron is a chemical element with symbol B and atomic number 5.
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Borromean nucleus
A Borromean nucleus is an atomic nucleus that has a nuclear halo containing two neutrons.
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Borromean rings
In mathematics, the Borromean rings consist of three topological circles which are linked and form a Brunnian link (i.e., removing any ring results in two unlinked rings).
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Excited state
In quantum mechanics, an excited state of a system (such as an atom, molecule or nucleus) is any quantum state of the system that has a higher energy than the ground state (that is, more energy than the absolute minimum).
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Femtometre
The femtometre (American spelling femtometer, symbol fm derived from the Danish and Norwegian word femten, "fifteen"+Ancient Greek: μέτρον, metrοn, "unit of measurement") is an SI unit of length equal to 10−15 metres, which means a quadrillionth of one.
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Ground state
The ground state of a quantum mechanical system is its lowest-energy state; the energy of the ground state is known as the zero-point energy of the system.
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Helium
Helium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol He and atomic number 2.
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Ion beam
An ion beam is a type of charged particle beam consisting of ions.
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Isotopes of beryllium
Beryllium (4Be) has 12 known isotopes, but only one of these isotopes is stable and a primordial nuclide.
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Isotopes of boron
Boron (5B) naturally occurs as isotopes 10B and 11B, the latter of which makes up about 80% of natural boron.
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Isotopes of carbon
Carbon (6C) has 15 known isotopes, from 8C to 22C, of which 12C and 13C are stable.
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Isotopes of helium
Although there are nine known isotopes of helium (2He) (standard atomic weight), only helium-3 and helium-4 are stable.
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Isotopes of lithium
Naturally occurring lithium (3Li) is composed of two stable isotopes, lithium-6 and lithium-7, with the latter being far more abundant: about 92.5 percent of the atoms.
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Isotopes of neon
Neon (10Ne) possesses three stable isotopes, 20Ne, 21Ne, and 22Ne.
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Isotopes of phosphorus
Although phosphorus (15P) has 23 isotopes from 24P to 46P, only one of these isotopes is stable 31P; as such, it is considered a monoisotopic element.
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Isotopes of sulfur
Sulfur (16S) has 24 known isotopes with mass numbers ranging from 26 to 49, four of which are stable: 32S (95.02%), 33S (0.75%), 34S (4.21%), and 36S (0.02%).
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
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Lithium
Lithium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3.
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Mass number
The mass number (symbol A, from the German word Atomgewichte (atomic weight), also called atomic mass number or nucleon number, is the total number of protons and neutrons (together known as nucleons) in an atomic nucleus. It determines the atomic mass of atoms. Because protons and neutrons both are baryons, the mass number A is identical with the baryon number B as of the nucleus as of the whole atom or ion. The mass number is different for each different isotope of a chemical element. This is not the same as the atomic number (Z) which denotes the number of protons in a nucleus, and thus uniquely identifies an element. Hence, the difference between the mass number and the atomic number gives the number of neutrons (N) in a given nucleus:. The mass number is written either after the element name or as a superscript to the left of an element's symbol. For example, the most common isotope of carbon is carbon-12, or, which has 6 protons and 6 neutrons. The full isotope symbol would also have the atomic number (Z) as a subscript to the left of the element symbol directly below the mass number:. This is technically redundant, as each element is defined by its atomic number, so it is often omitted.
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National Nuclear Data Center
The National Nuclear Data Center is an organization based in the Brookhaven National Laboratory that acts as a repository for data regarding nuclear chemistry, such as nuclear structure, decay, and reaction data, as well as historical information regarding previous experiments and literature.
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Neon
Neon is a chemical element with symbol Ne and atomic number 10.
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Neutronium
Neutronium (sometimes shortened to neutrium, also referred to as neutrite) is a hypothetical substance composed purely of neutrons.
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Nuclear drip line
The nuclear drip line is the boundary delimiting the zone beyond which atomic nuclei decay by the emission of a proton or neutron.
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Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions.
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Phosphorus
Phosphorus is a chemical element with symbol P and atomic number 15.
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Semi-empirical mass formula
In nuclear physics, the semi-empirical mass formula (SEMF) (sometimes also called Weizsäcker's formula, or the Bethe–Weizsäcker formula, or the Bethe–Weizsäcker mass formula to distinguish it from the Bethe–Weizsäcker process) is used to approximate the mass and various other properties of an atomic nucleus from its number of protons and neutrons.
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Sulfur
Sulfur or sulphur is a chemical element with symbol S and atomic number 16.
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Table of nuclides
A table of nuclides or chart of nuclides is a two-dimensional graph in which one axis represents the number of neutrons and the other represents the number of protons in an atomic nucleus.
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Redirects here:
Halo neutron, Halo nuclei, Neutron halo, Nuclear halo, Proton halo.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halo_nucleus
