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100 relations: Aerospace, Allotropes of iron, Allotropy, Alloy, Aluminium, Aluminium alloy, Annealing (metallurgy), Atmosphere of Earth, Austempering, Austenite, Bainite, Brine, Carbon, Carbon dioxide, Carbon monoxide, Carbon steel, Carbonization, Case-hardening, Cementite, Chemical property, Copper, Crane (machine), Crankshaft, Crystal, Crystallite, Deformation (engineering), Differential heat treatment, Diffusion, Diffusion hardening, Diffusionless transformation, Ductility, Elasticity (physics), Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Equiaxed crystals, Eutectic system, Fluidized bed, Gas, Glass, Hardenability, Hardness, Heat-affected zone, Heating system, Hysteresis, Induction hardening, Induction heating, Industrial processes, Iron, Iron oxide, Jian, Katana, ..., Knife, Kukri, Liquid, Malleable iron, Maraging steel, Martempering, Martensite, Melting point, Metallurgist, Metallurgy, Metalworking, Microstructure, Nickel, Nitriding, Nitrogen, Nucleation, Oil, Oxide, Pearlite, Phase (matter), Physical property, Platelet, Polymer, Precipitation (chemistry), Precipitation hardening, Pressure vessel, Quenching, Recrystallization (metallurgy), Reducing atmosphere, Retort, Retrogression heat treatment, Rockwell scale, Shear strength, Solid solution, Solubility, Solvation, Spring steel, Stainless steel, Strength of materials, Superalloy, Supersaturation, Sword, Tempering (metallurgy), Thermal conduction, Thermal conductivity, Thin-film interference, Tool steel, Toughness, Ultimate tensile strength, Work hardening. Expand index (50 more) »
Aerospace
Aerospace is the human effort in science, engineering and business to fly in the atmosphere of Earth (aeronautics) and surrounding space (astronautics).
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Allotropes of iron
Iron represents perhaps the best-known example for allotropy in a metal.
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Allotropy
Allotropy or allotropism is the property of some chemical elements to exist in two or more different forms, in the same physical state, known as allotropes of these elements.
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Alloy
An alloy is a combination of metals or of a metal and another element.
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Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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Aluminium alloy
Aluminium alloys (or aluminum alloys; see spelling differences) are alloys in which aluminium (Al) is the predominant metal.
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Annealing (metallurgy)
Annealing, in metallurgy and materials science, is a heat treatment that alters the physical and sometimes chemical properties of a material to increase its ductility and reduce its hardness, making it more workable.
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Atmosphere of Earth
The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.
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Austempering
Austempering is heat treatment that is applied to ferrous metals, most notably steel and ductile iron.
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Austenite
Austenite, also known as gamma-phase iron (γ-Fe), is a metallic, non-magnetic allotrope of iron or a solid solution of iron, with an alloying element.
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Bainite
Bainite is a plate-like microstructure that forms in steels at temperatures of 125–550 °C (depending on alloy content).
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Brine
Brine is a high-concentration solution of salt (usually sodium chloride) in water.
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Carbon
Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.
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Carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide (chemical formula) is a colorless gas with a density about 60% higher than that of dry air.
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Carbon monoxide
Carbon monoxide (CO) is a colorless, odorless, and tasteless gas that is slightly less dense than air.
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Carbon steel
Carbon steel is a steel with carbon content up to 2.1% by weight.
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Carbonization
Carbonization (or carbonisation) is the conversion of an organic substance into carbon or a carbon-containing residue through pyrolysis or destructive distillation.
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Case-hardening
Case-hardening or surface hardening is the process of hardening the surface of a metal object while allowing the metal deeper underneath to remain soft, thus forming a thin layer of harder metal (called the "case") at the surface.
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Cementite
Cementite (or iron carbide) is a compound of iron and carbon, more precisely an intermediate transition metal carbide with the formula Fe3C.
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Chemical property
A chemical property is any of a material's properties that becomes evident during, or after, a chemical reaction; that is, any quality that can be established only by changing a substance's chemical identity.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Crane (machine)
A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist rope, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally.
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Crankshaft
A crankshaft—related to crank—is a mechanical part able to perform a conversion between reciprocating motion and rotational motion.
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Crystal
A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.
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Crystallite
A crystallite is a small or even microscopic crystal which forms, for example, during the cooling of many materials.
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Deformation (engineering)
In materials science, deformation refers to any changes in the shape or size of an object due to-.
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Differential heat treatment
Differential heat treatment (also called selective heat treatment or local heat treatment) is a technique used during heat treating to harden or soften certain areas of a steel object, creating a difference in hardness between these areas.
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Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of high concentration (or high chemical potential) to a region of low concentration (or low chemical potential) as a result of random motion of the molecules or atoms.
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Diffusion hardening
Diffusion hardening is a process used in manufacturing that increases the hardness of steels.
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Diffusionless transformation
A diffusionless transformation is a phase change that occurs without the long-range diffusion of atoms but rather by some form of cooperative, homogeneous movement of many atoms that results in a change in crystal structure.
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Ductility
Ductility is a measure of a material's ability to undergo significant plastic deformation before rupture, which may be expressed as percent elongation or percent area reduction from a tensile test.
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Elasticity (physics)
In physics, elasticity (from Greek ἐλαστός "ductible") is the ability of a body to resist a distorting influence and to return to its original size and shape when that influence or force is removed.
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Electrical resistivity and conductivity
Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is a fundamental property that quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current.
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Equiaxed crystals
Equiaxed crystals are crystals that have axes of approximately the same length.
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Eutectic system
A eutectic system from the Greek "ευ" (eu.
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Fluidized bed
A fluidised bed is a physical phenomenon occurring when a quantity of a solid particulate substance (usually present in a holding vessel) is placed under appropriate conditions to cause a solid/fluid mixture to behave as a fluid.
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Gas
Gas is one of the four fundamental states of matter (the others being solid, liquid, and plasma).
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Glass
Glass is a non-crystalline amorphous solid that is often transparent and has widespread practical, technological, and decorative usage in, for example, window panes, tableware, and optoelectronics.
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Hardenability
The hardenability of a metal alloy is the depth up to which a material is hardened after putting through a heat treatment process.
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Hardness
Hardness is a measure of the resistance to localized plastic deformation induced by either mechanical indentation or abrasion.
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Heat-affected zone
The heat-affected zone (HAZ) is the area of base material, either a metal or a thermoplastic, which is not melted but has had its microstructure and properties altered by welding or heat intensive cutting operations.
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Heating system
A heating system is a mechanism for maintaining temperatures at an acceptable level; by using thermal energy within a home, office, or other dwelling.
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Hysteresis
Hysteresis is the dependence of the state of a system on its history.
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Induction hardening
Induction hardening is a type of surface hardening in which a metal part is induction-heated and then quenched.
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Induction heating
Induction heating is the process of heating an electrically conducting object (usually a metal) by electromagnetic induction, through heat generated in the object by eddy currents.
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Industrial processes
Industrial processes are procedures involving chemical, physical, electrical or mechanical steps to aid in the manufacturing of an item or items, usually carried out on a very large scale.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Iron oxide
Iron oxides are chemical compounds composed of iron and oxygen.
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Jian
The jian (Cantonese: Gim) is a double-edged straight sword used during the last 2,500 years in China.
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Katana
Historically, were one of the traditionally made that were used by the samurai of ancient and feudal Japan.
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Knife
A knife (plural knives) is a tool with a cutting edge or blade, hand-held or otherwise, with most having a handle.
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Kukri
The kukri or khukuri (खुकुरी khukuri) is a Nepalese knife with an inwardly curved blade, similar to a machete, used as both a tool and as a weapon in Nepal.
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Liquid
A liquid is a nearly incompressible fluid that conforms to the shape of its container but retains a (nearly) constant volume independent of pressure.
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Malleable iron
Malleable iron is cast as white iron, the structure being a metastable carbide in a pearlitic matrix.
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Maraging steel
Maraging steels (a portmanteau of "martensitic" and "aging") are steels (iron alloys) that are known for possessing superior strength and toughness without losing malleability, although they cannot hold a good cutting edge.
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Martempering
Martempering is also known as stepped quenching or interrupted quenching.
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Martensite
Martensite, named after the German metallurgist Adolf Martens (1850–1914), most commonly refers to a very hard form of steel crystalline structure, but it can also refer to any crystal structure that is formed by diffusionless transformation.
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Melting point
The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure.
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Metallurgist
Definition: Metallurgist also known as metallurgical engineers or material science engineers is a material scientist or technician who specializes in metals.
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Metallurgy
Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.
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Metalworking
Metalworking is the process of working with metals to create individual parts, assemblies, or large-scale structures.
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Microstructure
Microstructure is the very small scale structure of a material, defined as the structure of a prepared surface of material as revealed by a microscope above 25× magnification.
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Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
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Nitriding
Nitriding is a heat treating process that diffuses nitrogen into the surface of a metal to create a case-hardened surface.
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Nitrogen
Nitrogen is a chemical element with symbol N and atomic number 7.
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Nucleation
Nucleation is the first step in the formation of either a new thermodynamic phase or a new structure via self-assembly or self-organization.
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Oil
An oil is any nonpolar chemical substance that is a viscous liquid at ambient temperatures and is both hydrophobic (does not mix with water, literally "water fearing") and lipophilic (mixes with other oils, literally "fat loving").
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Oxide
An oxide is a chemical compound that contains at least one oxygen atom and one other element in its chemical formula.
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Pearlite
Pearlite is a two-phased, lamellar (or layered) structure composed of alternating layers of ferrite (88 wt%) and cementite (12 wt%) that occurs in some steels and cast irons.
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Phase (matter)
In the physical sciences, a phase is a region of space (a thermodynamic system), throughout which all physical properties of a material are essentially uniform.
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Physical property
A physical property is any property that is measurable, whose value describes a state of a physical system.
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Platelet
Platelets, also called thrombocytes (from Greek θρόμβος, "clot" and κύτος, "cell"), are a component of blood whose function (along with the coagulation factors) is to react to bleeding from blood vessel injury by clumping, thereby initiating a blood clot.
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Polymer
A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.
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Precipitation (chemistry)
Precipitation is the creation of a solid from a solution.
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Precipitation hardening
Precipitation hardening, also called age hardening or particle hardening, is a heat treatment technique used to increase the yield strength of malleable materials, including most structural alloys of aluminium, magnesium, nickel, titanium, and some steels and stainless steels.
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Pressure vessel
A pressure vessel is a container designed to hold gases or liquids at a pressure substantially different from the ambient pressure.
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Quenching
In materials science, quenching is the rapid cooling of a workpiece in water, oil or air to obtain certain material properties.
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Recrystallization (metallurgy)
Recrystallization is a process by which deformed grains are replaced by a new set of defects-free grains that nucleate and grow until the original grains have been entirely consumed.
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Reducing atmosphere
A reducing atmosphere is an atmospheric condition in which oxidation is prevented by removal of oxygen and other oxidizing gases or vapours, and which may contain actively reducing gases such as hydrogen, carbon monoxide, and gases such as hydrogen sulphide that would be oxidized by any present oxygen.
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Retort
In a chemistry laboratory, a retort is a glassware device used for distillation or dry distillation of substances.
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Retrogression heat treatment
Retrogression heat treatment (RHT) is a heat treatment process that rapidly heat treats age-hardenable aluminum alloys.
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Rockwell scale
The Rockwell scale is a hardness scale based on indentation hardness of a material.
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Shear strength
In engineering, shear strength is the strength of a material or component against the type of yield or structural failure where the material or component fails in shear.
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Solid solution
A solid solution is a solid-state solution of one or more solutes in a solvent.
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Solubility
Solubility is the property of a solid, liquid or gaseous chemical substance called solute to dissolve in a solid, liquid or gaseous solvent.
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Solvation
Solvation describes the interaction of solvent with dissolved molecules.
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Spring steel
Spring steel is a name given to a wide range of steels used in the manufacture of springs, prominently in automotive and industrial suspension applications.
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Stainless steel
In metallurgy, stainless steel, also known as inox steel or inox from French inoxydable (inoxidizable), is a steel alloy with a minimum of 10.5% chromium content by mass.
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Strength of materials
Strength of materials, also called mechanics of materials, is a subject which deals with the behavior of solid objects subject to stresses and strains.
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Superalloy
A superalloy, or high-performance alloy, is an alloy that exhibits several key characteristics: excellent mechanical strength, resistance to thermal creep deformation, good surface stability, and resistance to corrosion or oxidation.
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Supersaturation
Supersaturation is a state of a solution that contains more of the dissolved material than could be dissolved by the solvent under normal circumstances.
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Sword
A sword is a bladed weapon intended for slashing or thrusting that is longer than a knife or dagger.
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Tempering (metallurgy)
Tempering is a process of heat treating, which is used to increase the toughness of iron-based alloys.
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Thermal conduction
Thermal conduction is the transfer of heat (internal energy) by microscopic collisions of particles and movement of electrons within a body.
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Thermal conductivity
Thermal conductivity (often denoted k, λ, or κ) is the property of a material to conduct heat.
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Thin-film interference
Thin-film interference is a natural phenomenon in which light waves reflected by the upper and lower boundaries of a thin film interfere with one another, either enhancing or reducing the reflected light.
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Tool steel
Tool steel refers to a variety of carbon and alloy steels that are particularly well-suited to be made into tools.
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Toughness
In materials science and metallurgy, toughness is the ability of a material to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing.
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Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), often shortened to tensile strength (TS), ultimate strength, or Ftu within equations, is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to elongate, as opposed to compressive strength, which withstands loads tending to reduce size.
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Work hardening
Work hardening, also known as strain hardening, is the strengthening of a metal or polymer by plastic deformation.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_treating
