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34 relations: Alex Biryukov, ASCII, Authentication, Bart Preneel, Concatenation, Cryptographic hash function, Data integrity, Digital signature forgery, Exclusive or, Federal Information Processing Standards, Hamming distance, HAVAL, Hexadecimal, International Cryptology Conference, IPsec, Key (cryptography), Key size, Length extension attack, MD4, MD5, Message authentication code, Mihir Bellare, National Institute of Standards and Technology, Plaintext, Preimage attack, Pseudocode, Pseudorandom function family, SHA-1, SHA-3, Stochastic process, Strong cryptography, Transport Layer Security, UTF-8, Xiaoyun Wang.
Alex Biryukov
Alex Biryukov is a cryptographer, currently a full professor at the University of Luxembourg.
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ASCII
ASCII, abbreviated from American Standard Code for Information Interchange, is a character encoding standard for electronic communication.
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Authentication
Authentication (from authentikos, "real, genuine", from αὐθέντης authentes, "author") is the act of confirming the truth of an attribute of a single piece of data claimed true by an entity.
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Bart Preneel
Bart Preneel (born 15 October 1963) is a Flemish cryptographer and cryptanalyst.
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Concatenation
In formal language theory and computer programming, string concatenation is the operation of joining character strings end-to-end.
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Cryptographic hash function
A cryptographic hash function is a special class of hash function that has certain properties which make it suitable for use in cryptography.
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Data integrity
Data integrity is the maintenance of, and the assurance of the accuracy and consistency of, data over its entire life-cycle, and is a critical aspect to the design, implementation and usage of any system which stores, processes, or retrieves data.
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Digital signature forgery
In a cryptographic digital signature or MAC system, digital signature forgery is the ability to create a pair consisting of a message, m, and a signature (or MAC), \sigma, that is valid for m, where m has not been signed in the past by the legitimate signer.
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Exclusive or
Exclusive or or exclusive disjunction is a logical operation that outputs true only when inputs differ (one is true, the other is false).
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Federal Information Processing Standards
Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States federal government for use in computer systems by non-military government agencies and government contractors.
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Hamming distance
In information theory, the Hamming distance between two strings of equal length is the number of positions at which the corresponding symbols are different.
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HAVAL
HAVAL is a cryptographic hash function.
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Hexadecimal
In mathematics and computing, hexadecimal (also base, or hex) is a positional numeral system with a radix, or base, of 16.
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International Cryptology Conference
CRYPTO, the International Cryptology Conference, is one of the largest academic conferences in cryptography and cryptanalysis.
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IPsec
In computing, Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) is a secure network protocol suite of IPv4 that authenticates and encrypts the packets of data sent over an IPv4 network.
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Key (cryptography)
In cryptography, a key is a piece of information (a parameter) that determines the functional output of a cryptographic algorithm.
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Key size
In cryptography, key size or key length is the number of bits in a key used by a cryptographic algorithm (such as a cipher).
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Length extension attack
In cryptography and computer security, a length extension attack is a type of attack where an attacker can use Hash(message1) and the length of message1 to calculate Hash(message1 ‖ message2) for an attacker-controlled message2.
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MD4
The MD4 Message-Digest Algorithm is a cryptographic hash function developed by Ronald Rivest in 1990.
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MD5
The MD5 algorithm is a widely used hash function producing a 128-bit hash value.
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Message authentication code
In cryptography, a message authentication code (MAC), sometimes known as a tag, is a short piece of information used to authenticate a message—in other words, to confirm that the message came from the stated sender (its authenticity) and has not been changed.
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Mihir Bellare
Mihir Bellare is a cryptographer and professor at the University of California San Diego.
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National Institute of Standards and Technology
The National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) is one of the oldest physical science laboratories in the United States.
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Plaintext
In cryptography, plaintext or cleartext is unencrypted information, as opposed to information encrypted for storage or transmission.
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Preimage attack
In cryptography, a preimage attack on cryptographic hash functions tries to find a message that has a specific hash value.
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Pseudocode
Pseudocode is an informal high-level description of the operating principle of a computer program or other algorithm.
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Pseudorandom function family
In cryptography, a pseudorandom function family, abbreviated PRF, is a collection of efficiently-computable functions which emulate a random oracle in the following way: no efficient algorithm can distinguish (with significant advantage) between a function chosen randomly from the PRF family and a random oracle (a function whose outputs are fixed completely at random).
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SHA-1
In cryptography, SHA-1 (Secure Hash Algorithm 1) is a cryptographic hash function which takes an input and produces a 160-bit (20-byte) hash value known as a message digest - typically rendered as a hexadecimal number, 40 digits long.
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SHA-3
SHA-3 (Secure Hash Algorithm 3) is the latest member of the Secure Hash Algorithm family of standards, released by NIST on August 5, 2015.
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Stochastic process
--> In probability theory and related fields, a stochastic or random process is a mathematical object usually defined as a collection of random variables.
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Strong cryptography
Strong cryptography or cryptographic-ally strong are general terms applied to cryptographic systems or components that are considered highly resistant to cryptanalysis.
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Transport Layer Security
Transport Layer Security (TLS) – and its predecessor, Secure Sockets Layer (SSL), which is now deprecated by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) – are cryptographic protocols that provide communications security over a computer network.
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UTF-8
UTF-8 is a variable width character encoding capable of encoding all 1,112,064 valid code points in Unicode using one to four 8-bit bytes.
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Xiaoyun Wang
Xiaoyun Wang (born 1966) is a researcher and professor in the Department of Mathematics and System Science, Shandong University, Shandong, China.
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HMAC MD5, HMAC SHA1, HMAC SHA256, HMAC md5, HMAC-MD5, HMAC-SHA1, HMAC-SHA256, HMAC-md5, Hash-based message authentication code, Hashed message authentication code, Hmac, Hmac MD5, Hmac md5, Hmac-MD5, Hmac-md5, KHMAC, Keyed-Hashing Message Authentication, Keyed-hash message authentication code, NMAC.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HMAC
