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Human T-lymphotropic virus

Index Human T-lymphotropic virus

The human T-lymphotropic virus, human T-cell lymphotropic virus, or human T-cell leukemia-lymphoma virus (HTLV) family of viruses are a group of human retroviruses that are known to cause a type of cancer called adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma and a demyelinating disease called HTLV-1 associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). [1]

38 relations: Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma, AH receptor-interacting protein, Azacitidine, Bovine leukemia virus, Breastfeeding, Cameroon, Cepharanthine, Cutaneous T cell lymphoma, Cytotoxicity, Deltaretrovirus, Demyelinating disease, Dermatitis, Epitope, HIV, HIV/AIDS, Human, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1, Human T-lymphotropic virus 2, Leukemia, Monkey, Mycosis fungoides, Myelopathy, Old World monkey, Oncovirus, Polymerase chain reaction, Prosultiamine, Provirus, Respiratory tract infection, Retrovirus, Robert Gallo, Sexually transmitted infection, Simian-T-lymphotropic virus, Subtypes of HIV, Tenofovir alafenamide, Tenofovir disoproxil, Tropical spastic paraparesis, Uveitis, Virus.

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma

Adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL or ATLL) is a rare cancer of the immune system's own T-cells.

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AH receptor-interacting protein

AH receptor-interacting protein (AIP) also known as aryl-hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein, immunophilin homolog ARA9, or HBV X-associated protein 2 (XAP-2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AIP gene.

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Azacitidine

Azacitidine (INN; trade name Vidaza) is a chemical analog of cytidine, a nucleoside in DNA and RNA.

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Bovine leukemia virus

Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is a retrovirus which causes enzootic bovine leukosis in cattle.

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Breastfeeding

Breastfeeding, also known as nursing, is the feeding of babies and young children with milk from a woman's breast.

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Cameroon

No description.

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Cepharanthine

Cepharanthine is an antiinflammatory and antineoplastic compound isolated from Stephania.

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Cutaneous T cell lymphoma

Cutaneous T cell lymphoma (CTCL) is a class of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, which is a type of cancer of the immune system.

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Cytotoxicity

Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells.

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Deltaretrovirus

A deltaretrovirus is a genus of the retroviridae family.

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Demyelinating disease

A demyelinating disease is any disease of the nervous system in which the myelin sheath of neurons is damaged.

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Dermatitis

Dermatitis, also known as eczema, is a group of diseases that results in inflammation of the skin.

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Epitope

An epitope, also known as antigenic determinant, is the part of an antigen that is recognized by the immune system, specifically by antibodies, B cells, or T cells.

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HIV

The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is a lentivirus (a subgroup of retrovirus) that causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

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HIV/AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Human

Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.

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Human T-lymphotropic virus 1

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 or human T-lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-I), also called the adult T-cell lymphoma virus type 1, is a retrovirus of the human T-lymphotropic virus (HTLV) family that has been implicated in several kinds of diseases including very aggressive adult T-cell lymphoma (ATL), HTLV-I-associated myelopathy, uveitis, Strongyloides stercoralis hyper-infection and some other diseases.

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Human T-lymphotropic virus 2

A virus closely related to HTLV-I, human T-lymphotropic virus 2 (HTLV-II) shares approximately 70% genomic homology (structural similarity) with HTLV-I. It is found predominantly in Native Americans, and South American Indian groups.

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Leukemia

Leukemia, also spelled leukaemia, is a group of cancers that usually begin in the bone marrow and result in high numbers of abnormal white blood cells.

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Monkey

Monkeys are non-hominoid simians, generally possessing tails and consisting of about 260 known living species.

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Mycosis fungoides

Mycosis fungoides, also known as Alibert-Bazin syndrome or granuloma fungoides, is the most common form of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma.

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Myelopathy

Myelopathy describes any neurologic deficit related to the spinal cord.

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Old World monkey

The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a family of catarrhines, the only family in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade (or parvorder) of Catarrhini.

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Oncovirus

An oncovirus is a virus that can cause cancer.

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Polymerase chain reaction

Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is a technique used in molecular biology to amplify a single copy or a few copies of a segment of DNA across several orders of magnitude, generating thousands to millions of copies of a particular DNA sequence.

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Prosultiamine

Prosultiamine (INN; also known as thiamine propyl disulfide or TPD; brand name Jubedel) is a disulfide thiamine derivative discovered in garlic in Japan in the 1950s, and is a homolog of allithiamine.

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Provirus

A provirus is a virus genome that is integrated into the DNA of a host cell.

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Respiratory tract infection

Respiratory tract infection (RTI) refers to any of a number of infectious diseases involving the respiratory tract.

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Retrovirus

A retrovirus is a single-stranded positive-sense RNA virus with a DNA intermediate and, as an obligate parasite, targets a host cell.

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Robert Gallo

Robert Charles Gallo (born March 23, 1937) is an American biomedical researcher.

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Sexually transmitted infection

Sexually transmitted infections (STI), also referred to as sexually transmitted diseases (STD) or venereal diseases (VD), are infections that are commonly spread by sexual activity, especially vaginal intercourse, anal sex and oral sex.

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Simian-T-lymphotropic virus

Simian-T-lymphotropic viruses, also Simian T-cell leukemia viruses (STLVs), are retroviruses closely related to the human sexually and breastfeeding transmissible viruses HTLV.

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Subtypes of HIV

One of the obstacles to treatment of the human immunodeficiency virus is its high genetic variability.

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Tenofovir alafenamide

Tenofovir alafenamide (INN/USAN; trade name Vemlidy) is a nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor and a prodrug of tenofovir. It was developed by Gilead Sciences for use in the treatment of HIV infection and chronic hepatitis B, and is applied in the form of tenofovir alafenamide fumarate (TAF). Closely related to the commonly used reverse-transcriptase inhibitor tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF), TAF has greater antiviral activity and better distribution into lymphoid tissues than that agent. Gilead was awarded FDA approval in November 2016 for the drug Vemlidy. Gilead announced a phase 3 clinical trial evaluating a single-tablet regimen combining tenofovir alafenamide with cobicistat, emtricitabine and elvitegravir and developed a coformulation of the drug with cobicistat, emtricitabine and the protease inhibitor darunavir. In a 48-week study comparing elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir disoproxil (trade name Stribild) to elvitegravir/cobicistat/emtricitabine/tenofovir alafenamide (trade name Genvoya), the results showed the newer drug to be noninferior to the established agent, but at much lower dosages and with lower incidence of adverse side effects such as impaired kidney function. The FDA approved the TAF-based treatment regimen for treatment of HIV-1 in November 2015. Genvoya is the first TAF-based regimen to receive approval.

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Tenofovir disoproxil

Tenofovir disoproxil, sold under the trade name Viread among others, is a medication used to treat chronic hepatitis B and to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS.

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Tropical spastic paraparesis

Tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP), also called HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM) or HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP) is a medical condition that causes weakness, muscle spasms, and sensory disturbance by human T-lymphotropic virus resulting in paraparesis, weakness of the legs.

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Uveitis

Uveitis is the inflammation of the uvea, the pigmented layer that lies between the inner retina and the outer fibrous layer composed of the sclera and cornea.

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Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

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Redirects here:

ATLV, HTLV, Htlv, Htlv-i antigens, Htlv-i infections, Htlv-ii antigens, Htlv-ii infections, Human T cell leukaemia virus-1, Human T cell lymphotropic virus type I, Human T cell lymphotropic virus type II, Human T lymphotropic virus II, Human T-Lymphotropic Virus, Human T-cell leukaemia virus, Human T-cell leukemia virus, Human T-cell virus, Human T-lymphotrophic virus, Human t-lymphotropic virus 2.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Human_T-lymphotropic_virus

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