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Hunan

Index Hunan

Hunan is the 7th most populous province of China and the 10th most extensive by area. [1]

201 relations: Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China, Ancestor veneration in China, Ancestral shrine, Antimony, Autonomous counties of the People's Republic of China, Autonomous prefecture, Autumn Harvest Uprising, Bai people, Beihu District, Biao Min language, Buddhism, Cambrian, Census, Changde, Changsha, Chenzhou, Chih-yu Shih, Chili pepper, China, China League One, Chinese Buddhism, Chinese folk religion, Chinese lineage associations, Chinese opera, Chinese salvationist religions, Chongqing, Christianity, Chu (state), Chu (Ten Kingdoms), Communist Party of China, Concrete pump, Confucianism, Counties of the People's Republic of China, County-level city, Crane (machine), Cultural Revolution, Daxiang District, Deng Xiaoping, District (China), Dongting Lake, Du Jiahao, Dzao Min language, Ethnic townships of the People's Republic of China, Fenghuang County, Fireworks, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Five-year plans of China, Former Residence of Mao Zedong, Furongian, Gan Chinese, ..., Geary–Khamis dollar, Guangdong, Guangxi, Guangzhou, Guangzhou–Hankou railway, Guizhou, Hakka people, Han Chinese, Han dynasty, Hecheng District, Hemp, Henan, Hengyang, Heshan District, Yiyang, History of China, Hm Nai language, Hmong people, Hmu language, Hong Jiang, Hong Kong Trade Development Council, Huaguxi, Huaihua, Hubei, Huguang Province, Hui people, Humid subtropical climate, Hunan Billows F.C., Hunan cuisine, International Monetary Fund, Iu Mien language, Jiangxi, Jiangyong County, Jin dynasty (265–420), Jishou, Kam language, Kam people, Köppen climate classification, Kuomintang, Latitude, Lengshuijiang, Lengshuitan District, Lishui River, List of administrative divisions of Greater China by Human Development Index, List of Chinese administrative divisions by area, List of Chinese administrative divisions by population, List of ethnic groups in China and Taiwan, List of Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Hunan, List of national parks of China, List of universities and colleges in Hunan, List of World Heritage Sites in China, Liu Shaoqi, Liuyang, Long March, Longitude, Lotus (genus), Loudi, Louxing District, Luoxiao Mountains, Mainland China, Mao Zedong, Maojia dialect, Miao people, Miao Rebellion (1795–1806), Ministry of Civil Affairs, Minority group, Mount Heng (Hunan), Muslim, Nanjing, Nanling Mountains, National Bureau of Statistics of China, Nüshu, Northern and Southern dynasties, Operation Ichi-Go, Pa-Hng language, Party Committee Secretary, Peng Dehuai, People's Daily, Politics of Hunan, Prefecture-level city, Prefectures of the People's Republic of China, President of the People's Republic of China, Provinces of China, Purchasing power parity, Qin (state), Qing dynasty, Ramie, Renminbi, Rhubarb, Sany, Second Sino-Japanese War, Shaanxi, Shaoshan, Shaoyang, Shaozhou Tuhua, Shiniuzhai National Geological Park, South Central China, Southwestern Mandarin, Stibnite, Subdistrict, Subtropics, Taiping Rebellion, Tang dynasty, Taoism, Taoyuan County, Temple of Confucius, Tianyuan District, Towns of the People's Republic of China, Townships of the People's Republic of China, Tujia language, Tujia people, United States dollar, Uyghurs, Varieties of Chinese, Vehicle registration plates of China, Waxiang Chinese, World Economic Outlook, Wuchang District, Wuling District, Wuling Mountains, Wulingyuan, Xiang Chinese, Xiang River, Xiangtan, Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Xiaoxiang, Xong language, Xu Dazhe, Xuefeng Mountains, Yangtze, Yao people, Yiyang, Yongding District, Zhangjiajie, Yongzhou, Yuan River, Yuelu Academy, Yuelu District, Yuetang District, Yueyang, Yueyang Tower, Yueyanglou District, Zeng Guofan, Zhangjiajie, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park, Zhejiang, Zhengxiang District, Zhou dynasty, Zhu Rongji, Zhuang people, Zhuzhou, Zi River, Zoomlion. Expand index (151 more) »

Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China

Administrative division codes of the People's Republic of China identify administrative divisions of the PRC at county level and above.

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Ancestor veneration in China

Chinese ancestor worship, or Chinese ancestor veneration, also called the Chinese patriarchal religion, is an aspect of the Chinese traditional religion which revolves around the ritual celebration of the deified ancestors and tutelary deities of people with the same surname organised into lineage societies in ancestral shrines.

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Ancestral shrine

An ancestral shrine, hall or temple, also called lineage temple, is a Chinese temple dedicated to deified ancestors and progenitors of surname lineages or families in the Chinese traditional religion.

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Antimony

Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from stibium) and atomic number 51.

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Autonomous counties of the People's Republic of China

Autonomous counties and autonomous banners are autonomous administrative divisions of China.

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Autonomous prefecture

Autonomous prefectures are one type of autonomous administrative divisions of China, existing at the prefectural level, with either ethnic minorities forming over 50% of the population or being the historic home of significant minorities.

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Autumn Harvest Uprising

The Autumn Harvest Uprising was an insurrection that took place in Hunan and Jiangxi provinces, China, on September 7, 1927, led by Mao Zedong, who established a short-lived Hunan Soviet.

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Bai people

The Bai or Baip (Bai language: Baipho /pɛ̰˦˨xo̰˦/ (白和);; endonym pronounced) are an East Asian ethnic group.

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Beihu District

Beihu District is one of two urban districts in Chenzhou Prefecture-level City, Hunan province, China.

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Biao Min language

Biao Min, or Biao-Jiao Mien, is a Hmong–Mien language of China.

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Buddhism

Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.

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Cambrian

The Cambrian Period was the first geological period of the Paleozoic Era, and of the Phanerozoic Eon.

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Census

A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population.

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Changde

Changde is a prefecture-level city in the northwest of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, with a population of 5,717,218 as of the 2010 census, of which 1,232,182 reside in the urban districts of Dingcheng and Wuling.

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Changsha

Changsha is the capital and most populous city of Hunan province in the south central part of the People's Republic of China.

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Chenzhou

Chenzhou is a prefecture-level city located in the south of Hunan province, China.

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Chih-yu Shih

Chih-yu Shih (born 8 August 1958) is a political science professor in Taiwan and National Chair Professor of the Republic of China.

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Chili pepper

The chili pepper (also chile pepper, chilli pepper, or simply chilli) from Nahuatl chīlli) is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. They are widely used in many cuisines to add spiciness to dishes. The substances that give chili peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin and related compounds known as capsaicinoids. Chili peppers originated in Mexico. After the Columbian Exchange, many cultivars of chili pepper spread across the world, used for both food and traditional medicine. Worldwide in 2014, 32.3 million tonnes of green chili peppers and 3.8 million tonnes of dried chili peppers were produced. China is the world's largest producer of green chillies, providing half of the global total.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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China League One

The Chinese Football Association China League, also known as China League One or Chinese Jia League (中甲联赛), is the second tier of Chinese clubs.

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Chinese Buddhism

Chinese Buddhism or Han Buddhism has shaped Chinese culture in a wide variety of areas including art, politics, literature, philosophy, medicine, and material culture.

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Chinese folk religion

Chinese folk religion (Chinese popular religion) or Han folk religion is the religious tradition of the Han people, including veneration of forces of nature and ancestors, exorcism of harmful forces, and a belief in the rational order of nature which can be influenced by human beings and their rulers as well as spirits and gods.

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Chinese lineage associations

Chinese lineage associations, also kinship or ancestral associations, are a type of social relationship institutions found in Han Chinese ethnic groups and the fundamental unit of Chinese ancestral religion.

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Chinese opera

Traditional Chinese opera, or Xiqu, is a popular form of drama and musical theatre in China with roots going back to the early periods in China.

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Chinese salvationist religions

Chinese salvationist religions or Chinese folk religious sects are a Chinese religious tradition characterised by a concern for salvation (moral fulfillment) of the person and the society.

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Chongqing

Chongqing, formerly romanized as Chungking, is a major city in southwest China.

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Christianity

ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.

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Chu (state)

Chu (Old Chinese: *s-r̥aʔ) was a hegemonic, Zhou dynasty era state.

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Chu (Ten Kingdoms)

Chǔ (楚), often referred to as Ma Chu (马楚) or Southern Chu (南楚) to distinguish it from other historical states called Chu, was a kingdom in southern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period (907–960).

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Communist Party of China

The Communist Party of China (CPC), also referred to as the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), is the founding and ruling political party of the People's Republic of China.

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Concrete pump

A concrete pump is a machine used for transferring liquid concrete by pumping.

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Confucianism

Confucianism, also known as Ruism, is described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or simply a way of life.

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Counties of the People's Republic of China

Counties, formally county-level divisions, are found in the third level of the administrative hierarchy in Provinces and Autonomous regions, and the second level in municipalities and Hainan, a level that is known as "county level" and also contains autonomous counties, county-level cities, banners, autonomous banner, and City districts.

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County-level city

A county-level municipality, county-level city, or county city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China.

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Crane (machine)

A crane is a type of machine, generally equipped with a hoist rope, wire ropes or chains, and sheaves, that can be used both to lift and lower materials and to move them horizontally.

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Cultural Revolution

The Cultural Revolution, formally the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in China from 1966 until 1976.

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Daxiang District

Daxiang District is one of three urban districts in Shaoyang City, Hunan province, China.

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Deng Xiaoping

Deng Xiaoping (22 August 1904 – 19 February 1997), courtesy name Xixian (希贤), was a Chinese politician.

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District (China)

The term district, in the context of China, is used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China.

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Dongting Lake

Dongting Lake is a large, shallow lake in northeastern Hunan province, China.

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Du Jiahao

Du Jiahao (born July 1955) is a Chinese politician, serving since 2016 as the Communist Party Secretary of Hunan province.

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Dzao Min language

Dzao Min (Zao Min), is a Hmong–Mien language of China.

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Ethnic townships of the People's Republic of China

An Ethnic township is a fourth-level administrative unit designated for ethnic minorities of political divisions in China.

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Fenghuang County

Fenghuang County is a county of Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of Xiangxi Autonomous Prefecture.

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Fireworks

Fireworks are a class of low explosive pyrotechnic devices used for aesthetic and entertainment purposes.

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Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period

The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was an era of political upheaval in 10th-century Imperial China.

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Five-year plans of China

China's Five-Year Plans are a series of social and economic development initiatives.

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Former Residence of Mao Zedong

Former Residence of Mao Zedong or Mao Zedong's Former Residence was built in the late Qing dynasty (1644–1911).

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Furongian

The Furongian is the fourth and final series of the Cambrian.

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Gan Chinese

Gan is a group of Chinese varieties spoken as the native language by many people in the Jiangxi province of China, as well as significant populations in surrounding regions such as Hunan, Hubei, Anhui, and Fujian.

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Geary–Khamis dollar

The Geary–Khamis dollar, more commonly known as the international dollar (Int'l. dollar or Intl. dollar, abbreviation: Int'l$., Intl$. or Int$), is a hypothetical unit of currency that has the same purchasing power parity that the U.S. dollar had in the United States at a given point in time.

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Guangdong

Guangdong is a province in South China, located on the South China Sea coast.

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Guangxi

Guangxi (pronounced; Zhuang: Gvangjsih), officially the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, is a Chinese autonomous region in South Central China, bordering Vietnam.

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Guangzhou

Guangzhou, also known as Canton, is the capital and most populous city of the province of Guangdong.

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Guangzhou–Hankou railway

The Guangzhou–Hankou or Yuehan railway is a former railroad in China which once connected Guangzhou on the Pearl River in the south with Wuchang on the Yangtze River in the north.

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Guizhou

Guizhou, formerly romanized as Kweichow, is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the southwestern part of the country.

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Hakka people

The Hakkas, sometimes Hakka Han, are Han Chinese people whose ancestral homes are chiefly in the Hakka-speaking provincial areas of Guangdong, Fujian, Jiangxi, Guangxi, Sichuan, Hunan, Zhejiang, Hainan and Guizhou.

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Han Chinese

The Han Chinese,.

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Han dynasty

The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.

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Hecheng District

Hecheng District is the only urban district of Huaihua Prefecturel-level City, Hunan Province, China.

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Hemp

Hemp, or industrial hemp (from Old English hænep), typically found in the northern hemisphere, is a variety of the Cannabis sativa plant species that is grown specifically for the industrial uses of its derived products.

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Henan

Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country.

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Hengyang

Hengyang is the second largest city of Hunan Province, China.

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Heshan District, Yiyang

Heshan District is one of two districts in Yiyang City, Hunan Province, China, it is also the most populous district in the province.

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History of China

The earliest known written records of the history of China date from as early as 1250 BC,William G. Boltz, Early Chinese Writing, World Archaeology, Vol.

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Hm Nai language

Hm Nai (Mandarin: Wunai (唔奈 wúnài), Cantonese: Ng-nai) is a Hmong-Mien language (Mandarin: Miao-Yao, Chinese: 苗瑶) spoken in western Hunan province, China.

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Hmong people

The Hmong/Mong (RPA: Hmoob/Moob) are an indigenous people in Asia.

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Hmu language

The Hmu language (hveb Hmub), also known as Qiandong Miao (黔东 Eastern Guizhou Miao), Central Miao, East Hmongic, or (somewhat ambiguously) Black Miao, is a dialect cluster of Hmongic languages of China.

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Hong Jiang

Hong Jiang from the Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for leadership in parallel multimedia computing architectures and systems.

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Hong Kong Trade Development Council

The Hong Kong Trade Development Council (HKTDC; Chinese: 香港貿易發展局) is a statutory body established in 1966 as the international marketing arm for Hong Kong-based manufacturers, traders and service providers.

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Huaguxi

Huaguxi (花鼓戏) is a form of Chinese opera originating in Hunan province.

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Huaihua

Huaihua is a prefecture-level city in the southwest of Hunan province, China.

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Hubei

Hubei is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the Central China region.

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Huguang Province

Huguang was a province of China during the Yuan and Ming dynasties.

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Hui people

The Hui people (Xiao'erjing: خُوِذُو; Dungan: Хуэйзў, Xuejzw) are an East Asian ethnoreligious group predominantly composed of Han Chinese adherents of the Muslim faith found throughout China, mainly in the northwestern provinces of the country and the Zhongyuan region.

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Humid subtropical climate

A humid subtropical climate is a zone of climate characterized by hot and humid summers, and mild to cool winters.

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Hunan Billows F.C.

Hunan Billows Football Club is a professional Chinese football club that participates in the China League Two division under licence from the Chinese Football Association (CFA).

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Hunan cuisine

Hunan cuisine, also known as Xiang cuisine, consists of the cuisines of the Xiang River region, Dongting Lake and western Hunan Province in China.

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International Monetary Fund

The International Monetary Fund (IMF) is an international organization headquartered in Washington, D.C., consisting of "189 countries working to foster global monetary cooperation, secure financial stability, facilitate international trade, promote high employment and sustainable economic growth, and reduce poverty around the world." Formed in 1945 at the Bretton Woods Conference primarily by the ideas of Harry Dexter White and John Maynard Keynes, it came into formal existence in 1945 with 29 member countries and the goal of reconstructing the international payment system.

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Iu Mien language

The Iu Mien language (Chinese: 勉語 or 勉方言; Thai: ภาษาอิวเมี่ยน) is the language spoken by the Iu Mien people in China (where they are considered a constituent group of the Yao peoples), Laos, Vietnam, Thailand and, more recently, the United States in diaspora.

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Jiangxi

Jiangxi, formerly spelled as Kiangsi Gan: Kongsi) is a province in the People's Republic of China, located in the southeast of the country. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to the northwest. The name "Jiangxi" derives from the circuit administrated under the Tang dynasty in 733, Jiangnanxidao (道, Circuit of Western Jiangnan; Gan: Kongnomsitau). The short name for Jiangxi is 赣 (pinyin: Gàn; Gan: Gōm), for the Gan River which runs across from the south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately called Ganpo Dadi (贛鄱大地) which literally means the "Great Land of Gan and Po".

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Jiangyong County

Jiangyong County is a county of Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of Yongzhou prefecture-level City.

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Jin dynasty (265–420)

The Jin dynasty or the Jin Empire (sometimes distinguished as the or) was a Chinese dynasty traditionally dated from 266 to 420.

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Jishou

Jishou is a county-level city and the seat of Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hunan province, China.

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Kam language

The Kam language, also known as Gam (autonym: lix Gaeml), or in Chinese, Dong or Tung-Chia, is a Kam–Sui language spoken by the Dong people.

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Kam people

The Dong people, also known as Kam people (endonym), a Kam–Sui people of southern China, are one of the 56 ethnic groups officially recognized by the People's Republic of China.

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Köppen climate classification

The Köppen climate classification is one of the most widely used climate classification systems.

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Kuomintang

The Kuomintang of China (KMT; often translated as the Nationalist Party of China) is a major political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, based in Taipei and is currently the opposition political party in the Legislative Yuan.

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Latitude

In geography, latitude is a geographic coordinate that specifies the north–south position of a point on the Earth's surface.

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Lengshuijiang

Lengshuijiang is a county-level city in Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of Loudi prefecture-level City.

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Lengshuitan District

Lengshuitan District is one of two urban districts of Yongzhou City, Hunan Province, China.

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Lishui River

Lishui River (also known as Li River, Chinese language: 澧水, pinyin: lǐshuǐ, Wade-Giles: li3-shui3) is a river in Hunan province of China, one of the Yangtze River's four largest tributaries in the province.

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List of administrative divisions of Greater China by Human Development Index

This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC), including all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities, in order of their Human Development Index (HDI), alongside Taiwan.

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List of Chinese administrative divisions by area

This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of the People's Republic of China (PRC), including all provinces (except the claimed Taiwan Province), autonomous regions, special administrative regions, and municipalities, in order of their total land area as reported by the national or provincial-level government.

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List of Chinese administrative divisions by population

This is a list of the first-level administrative divisions of China in order of their total resident populations.

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List of ethnic groups in China and Taiwan

Multiple ethnic groups populate China, where "China" is taken to mean areas controlled by either of the two states using "China" in their formal names, the People's Republic of China (China) and the Republic of China (Taiwan).

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List of Major National Historical and Cultural Sites in Hunan

This list is of Major Sites Protected for their Historical and Cultural Value at the National Level in the Province of Hunan, People's Republic of China.

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List of national parks of China

In China, is the exact equivalent of the term 'national park' applied to the rest of the world, as specified in the National Standard of the People's Republic of China GB50298-1999: Code for Scenic Area Planning, and in the Green Paper: Situation and Prospects of China's Scenic Areas published by the Ministry of Construction in 1994.

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List of universities and colleges in Hunan

This is a list of colleges and universities in Hunan Province.

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List of World Heritage Sites in China

This is a list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites in China.

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Liu Shaoqi

Liu Shaoqi (24 November 189812 November 1969) was a Chinese revolutionary, politician, and theorist.

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Liuyang

Liuyang is a county-level city, the most populous and the easternmost county-level division of Hunan Province, China; it is under the administration of Changsha prefecture-level City.

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Long March

The Long March (October 1934 – October 1935) was a military retreat undertaken by the Red Army of the Communist Party of China, the forerunner of the People's Liberation Army, to evade the pursuit of the Kuomintang (KMT or Chinese Nationalist Party) army.

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Longitude

Longitude, is a geographic coordinate that specifies the east-west position of a point on the Earth's surface.

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Lotus (genus)

Lotus, a latinization of Greek lōtos (λωτός), is a genus that includes most bird's-foot trefoils (also known as bacon-and-eggs) and deervetches and contains many dozens of species distributed worldwide.

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Loudi

Loudi is a prefecture-level city located in central Hunan province, China.

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Louxing District

Louxing District is the only urban district and the seat of Loudi Prefecturel-level City, Hunan Province, China.

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Luoxiao Mountains

The Luoxiao Mountains are a system of mountain ranges in the People's Republic of China that straddle Jiangxi, Hubei, and Hunan provinces.

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Mainland China

Mainland China, also known as the Chinese mainland, is the geopolitical as well as geographical area under the direct jurisdiction of the People's Republic of China (PRC).

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Mao Zedong

Mao Zedong (December 26, 1893September 9, 1976), commonly known as Chairman Mao, was a Chinese communist revolutionary who became the founding father of the People's Republic of China, which he ruled as the Chairman of the Communist Party of China from its establishment in 1949 until his death in 1976.

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Maojia dialect

Maojia (猫家 Chen, Qiguang (2013). Miao and Yao language. Beijing: China Minzu University Press.) is a mixed language in Southern China.

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Miao people

The Miao is an ethnic group belonging to South China, and is recognized by the government of China as one of the 55 official minority groups.

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Miao Rebellion (1795–1806)

The Miao Rebellion of 1795–1806 was an anti-Qing uprising in Hunan and Guizhou provinces, during the reign of the Jiaqing Emperor.

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Ministry of Civil Affairs

The Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) is a ministry in the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for social and administrative affairs.

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Minority group

A minority group refers to a category of people differentiated from the social majority, those who hold on to major positions of social power in a society.

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Mount Heng (Hunan)

Hengshan (also known as Mount Heng), is a mountain in southcentral China's Hunan Province known as the southern mountain of the Five Great Mountains of China.

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Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

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Nanjing

Nanjing, formerly romanized as Nanking and Nankin, is the capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China and the second largest city in the East China region, with an administrative area of and a total population of 8,270,500.

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Nanling Mountains

The Nanling, also known as the Wuling, is a major mountain range in Southern China that separates the Pearl River Basin from the Yangtze Valley and serves as the dividing line between south and central subtropical zones.

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National Bureau of Statistics of China

The National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China or NBS is an agency directly under the State Council of the People's Republic of China charged with the collection and publication of statistics related to the economy, population and society of the People's Republic of China at the national and local levels.

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Nüshu

Nüshu, is a syllabic script derived from Chinese characters that was used exclusively among women in Jiangyong County in Hunan province of southern China.

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Northern and Southern dynasties

The Northern and Southern dynasties was a period in the history of China that lasted from 420 to 589, following the tumultuous era of the Sixteen Kingdoms and the Wu Hu states.

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Operation Ichi-Go

Operation Ichi-Go (一号作戦 Ichi-gō Sakusen, lit. "Operation Number One") was a campaign of a series of major battles between the Imperial Japanese Army forces and the National Revolutionary Army of the Republic of China, fought from April to December 1944.

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Pa-Hng language

Pa-Hng (also spelled Pa-Hung; Bāhēng yǔ) is a divergent Hmongic (Miao) language spoken in Guizhou, Guangxi, and Hunan in southern China as well as northern Vietnam.

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Party Committee Secretary

In modern Chinese politics, a Party Committee Secretary, commonly translated as Party Secretary, party chief, or party boss, is the leader of the Communist Party of China (CPC) organization in a province, city, or other administrative region.

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Peng Dehuai

Peng Dehuai (October 24, 1898November 29, 1974) was a prominent Chinese Communist military leader, who served as China's Defense Minister from 1954 to 1959.

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People's Daily

The People's Daily or Renmin Ribao is the biggest newspaper group in China.

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Politics of Hunan

The Politics of Hunan Province in the People's Republic of China is structured in a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in mainland China.

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Prefecture-level city

A prefectural-level municipality, prefectural-level city or prefectural city; formerly known as province-controlled city from 1949 to 1983, is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure.

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Prefectures of the People's Republic of China

Prefectures, formally a kind of prefecture-level divisions as a term in the context of China, are used to refer to several unrelated political divisions in both ancient and modern China.

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President of the People's Republic of China

The President of the People's Republic of China is the head of state of the People's Republic of China.

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Provinces of China

Provincial-level administrative divisions or first-level administrative divisions, are the highest-level Chinese administrative divisions.

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Purchasing power parity

Purchasing power parity (PPP) is a neoclassical economic theory that states that the exchange rate between two countries is equal to the ratio of the currencies' respective purchasing power.

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Qin (state)

Qin (Old Chinese: *) was an ancient Chinese state during the Zhou dynasty.

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Qing dynasty

The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.

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Ramie

Ramie is a flowering plant in the nettle family Urticaceae, native to eastern Asia.

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Renminbi

The renminbi (Ab.: RMB;; sign: 元; code: CNY) is the official currency of the People's Republic of China.

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Rhubarb

Rhubarb (Rheum rhabarbarum) is a species of plant in the family Polygonaceae.

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Sany

Sany (officially Sany Heavy Industry Co., Ltd.) is a Chinese multinational heavy machinery manufacturing company headquartered in Changsha, Hunan Province.

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Second Sino-Japanese War

The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from July 7, 1937, to September 2, 1945.

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Shaanxi

Shaanxi is a province of the People's Republic of China.

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Shaoshan

Shaoshan is a county-level city in Hunan Province, China.

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Shaoyang

Shaoyang is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Hunan province, People's Republic of China, bordering Guangxi to the south.

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Shaozhou Tuhua

Shaozhou Tuhua (traditional: 韶州土話; simplified: 韶州土话 Sháozhōu Tǔhuà "Shaoguan tuhua"), or simply Tuhua, is an unclassified Chinese variety spoken in the border region of the provinces Guangdong, Hunan and Guangxi.

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Shiniuzhai National Geological Park

Shiniuzhai National Geological Park or Pingjiang Shiniuzhai Geopark (石牛寨) is located in Hunan, in Pingjiang County.

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South Central China

South Central China is a region of the People's Republic of China defined by governmental bureaus that includes the province of Guangdong, Hainan, Henan, Hubei, and Hunan, and the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, however the two provincial-level special administrative regions (SAR) are also often included under South Central China: Hong Kong and Macau.

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Southwestern Mandarin

Southwestern Mandarin, also known as Upper Yangtze Mandarin, is a primary branch of Mandarin Chinese spoken in much of central and southwestern China, including in Sichuan, Yunnan, Chongqing, Guizhou, most parts of Hubei, the northwestern part of Hunan, the northern part of Guangxi, and some southern parts of Shaanxi and Gansu.

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Stibnite

Stibnite, sometimes called antimonite, is a sulfide mineral with the formula Sb2S3.

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Subdistrict

Subdistrict is a low-level administrative division of a district.

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Subtropics

The subtropics are geographic and climate zones located roughly between the tropics at latitude 23.5° (the Tropic of Cancer and Tropic of Capricorn) and temperate zones (normally referring to latitudes 35–66.5°) north and south of the Equator.

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Taiping Rebellion

The Taiping Rebellion, also known as the Taiping Civil War or the Taiping Revolution, was a massive rebellion or total civil war in China that was waged from 1850 to 1864 between the established Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the Taiping Heavenly Kingdom under Hong Xiuquan.

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Tang dynasty

The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.

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Taoism

Taoism, also known as Daoism, is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as ''Dao'').

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Taoyuan County

Taoyuan County is under the administration of Changde, Hunan province, China.

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Temple of Confucius

A temple of Confucius or Confucian temple is a temple for the veneration of Confucius and the sages and philosophers of Confucianism in Chinese folk religion and other East Asian religions.

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Tianyuan District

Tianyuan District is one of four urban districts of Zhuzhou City, Hunan province, China.

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Towns of the People's Republic of China

When referring to political divisions of China, town is the standard English translation of the Chinese 镇 (traditional: 鎮). The Constitution of the People’s Republic of China currently classifies towns as third-level administrative units, along with townships and ethnic minority townships (The State Council, 2014).

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Townships of the People's Republic of China

Townships, formally township-level divisions, are the basic level (fourth-level administrative units) of political divisions in China.

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Tujia language

The Tujia language (Northern Tujia: Bifzivsar, IPA: /pi˧˥ ʦi˥ sa˨˩/; Southern Tujia: Mongrzzirhof, IPA: /mõ˨˩ ʣi˨˩ ho˧˥/; Chinese: 土家语, pinyin: Tǔjiāyǔ) is a language spoken natively by the Tujia people in south-central China.

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Tujia people

The Tujia (Northern Tujia: Bifzivkar, IPA:pi˧˥ ʦi˥ kʰa˨˩; Southern Tujia: Mongrzzir, IPA: /mõ˨˩ ʣi˨˩/; Chinese: 土家族, pinyin: Tǔjiāzú), with a total population of over 8 million, is the 8th largest ethnic minority in the People's Republic of China.

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United States dollar

The United States dollar (sign: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ and referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, or American dollar) is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution since 1792.

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Uyghurs

The Uyghurs or Uygurs (as the standard romanisation in Chinese GB 3304-1991) are a Turkic ethnic group who live in East and Central Asia.

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Varieties of Chinese

Chinese, also known as Sinitic, is a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family consisting of hundreds of local language varieties, many of which are not mutually intelligible.

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Vehicle registration plates of China

Vehicle registration plates in China are mandatory metal or plastic plates attached to motor vehicles in mainland China for official identification purposes.

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Waxiang Chinese

Waxiang (ɕioŋ55 tsa33) is a divergent variety of Chinese, spoken by the Waxiang people, an unrecognized ethnic minority group in the northwestern part of Hunan province, China.

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World Economic Outlook

The World Economic Outlook (WEO) is a survey conducted and published by the International Monetary Fund.

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Wuchang District

Wuchang forms part of the urban core of and is one of 13 districts of Wuhan, the capital of Hubei Province, China. It is the oldest of the three cities that merged into modern-day Wuhan, and stood on the right (southeastern) bank of the Yangtze River, opposite the mouth of the Han River. The two other cities, Hanyang and Hankou, were on the left (northwestern) bank, separated from each other by the Han. The name "Wuchang" remains in common use for the part of urban Wuhan south of the Yangtze River. Administratively, however, it is split between several districts of the City of Wuhan. The historic center of Wuchang lies within the modern Wuchang District, which has an area of and a population of 1,003,400. Other parts of what is colloquially known as Wuchang are within Hongshan District (south and south-east) and Qingshan District (north-east). Presently, on the right bank of the Yangtze, it borders the districts of Qingshan (for a very small section) to the northeast and Hongshan to the east and south; on the opposite bank it borders Jiang'an, Jianghan and Hanyang. On 10 October 1911, the New Army stationed in the city started the Wuchang Uprising, a turning point of the Xinhai Revolution that overthrew the Qing dynasty and established the Republic of China.

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Wuling District

Wuling District is one of two urban districts in Changde City, Hunan Province, China.

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Wuling Mountains

The Wuling Mountains is a mountain range located in Central China, running from Chongqing Municipality and East Guizhou to West Hunan.

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Wulingyuan

Wulingyuan is a scenic and historical site in south-central China's Hunan Province.

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Xiang Chinese

Xiang or Hsiang, also known as Hunanese, is a group of linguistically similar and historically related varieties of Chinese, spoken mainly in Hunan province but also in northern Guangxi and parts of neighboring Guizhou and Hubei provinces.

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Xiang River

The Xiang River is the chief river of the Lake Dongting drainage system of the middle Yangtze, the largest river in Hunan Province, China.

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Xiangtan

Xiangtan is a prefecture-level city in Hunan province, China.

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Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture

Xiangxi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture is an autonomous prefecture of the People's Republic of China.

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Xiaoxiang

Xiaoxiang, also transliterated XiaoXiang, Hsiao Hsiang, and Chiu Chiang, in some older sources, refers to the "lakes and rivers" region in south-central China south of the middle-reaches of the Yangtze River and corresponding, more or less, with Hunan province.

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Xong language

Xong language (Xonb), is a dialect of Hmong in South-central China with 0.9 million speakers.

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Xu Dazhe

Xu Dazhe (born September 1956) is a Chinese aerospace engineer and politician.

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Xuefeng Mountains

The Xuefeng Mountains are a mountain range of China in western Hunan province.

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Yangtze

The Yangtze, which is 6,380 km (3,964 miles) long, is the longest river in Asia and the third-longest in the world.

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Yao people

The Yao people (its majority branch is also known as Mien;; người Dao) is a government classification for various minorities in China and Vietnam.

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Yiyang

Yiyang is a prefecture-level city on the Zi River in Hunan province, China, straddling Lake Dongting and bordering Hubei to the north.

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Yongding District, Zhangjiajie

Yongding District is one of two urban districts in Zhangjiajie City, Hunan Province, China.

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Yongzhou

Yongzhou is a prefecture-level city in the south of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, located on the southern bank of the Xiang River, which is formed by the confluence of the Xiao and Xiang Rivers, and bordering Guangdong to the southeast and Guangxi to the southwest.

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Yuan River

The Yuan River, also known by its Chinese name as the Yuanjiang, is one of the four largest rivers in Hunan province in southeast-central China.

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Yuelu Academy

The Yuelu Academy (also as known as the Yuelu Academy of Classical Learning) is on the east side of Yuelu Mountain in Changsha, the capital of Hunan province, China, on the west bank of the Xiang River.

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Yuelu District

Yuelu District is one of six urban districts of Changsha City, Hunan province, China, it is the 4th most populous district (after Heshan, Dingcheng and Yueyanglou Districts) in Hunan.

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Yuetang District

Yuetang District is one of two urban districts in Xiangtan City, Hunan Province, China.

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Yueyang

Yueyang is a prefecture-level city at the northeastern corner of Hunan province, People's Republic of China, on the southern shores of Dongting Lake.

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Yueyang Tower

Yueyang Tower is an ancient Chinese tower in Yueyang, Hunan Province, on the shore of Lake Dongting.

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Yueyanglou District

Yueyanglou District is one of three urban districts in Yueyang City, Hunan province, China; it is also the 3rd most populous district (after Heshan and Dingcheng Districts) in the province.

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Zeng Guofan

Zeng Guofan, Marquis Yiyong (26 November 1811 – 12 March 1872), birth name Zeng Zicheng, courtesy name Bohan, was a Chinese statesman, military general, and Confucian scholar of the late Qing dynasty.

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Zhangjiajie

Zhangjiajie is a prefecture-level city in the northwestern part of Hunan province, People's Republic of China.

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Zhangjiajie National Forest Park

The Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is a unique national forest park located in Zhangjiajie City in northern Hunan Province in the People's Republic of China.

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Zhejiang

, formerly romanized as Chekiang, is an eastern coastal province of China.

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Zhengxiang District

Zhengxiang District is an urban district of Hengyang City, Hunan province, China.

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Zhou dynasty

The Zhou dynasty or the Zhou Kingdom was a Chinese dynasty that followed the Shang dynasty and preceded the Qin dynasty.

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Zhu Rongji

Zhu Rongji (IPA:; born 1 October 1928) is a retired Chinese politician who served as Mayor and Party chief in Shanghai from 1988 to 1991 and as First Vice Premier and then Premier from March 1998 to March 2003.

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Zhuang people

The Zhuang people are an ethnic group who mostly live in the Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region in southern China.

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Zhuzhou

Zhuzhou, formerly Jianning, is a prefecture-level city of Hunan Province, China, a little to the southeast of Changsha and bordering Jiangxi to the east.

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Zi River

The Zi River in Hunan, China, flows into the Yangtze River via Lake Dongting.

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Zoomlion

Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co., Ltd. is a Chinese manufacturer of construction machinery and sanitation equipment, Zoomlion Official Site Its headquarters are in the Zoomlion Science Park in Changsha, Hunan.

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Redirects here:

CN-43, CN-HN, Hu Nan, Hu'nan, Hu-Nan, Hu-nan, Hunan Province, Hunan Province, China, Hunan Sheng, Hunan province, Hunan, China, Hú'nán, Húnán, 湖南, 湖南省, .

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hunan

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