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73 relations: Anhui, Beijing, Book of the Later Han, Cao Cao, Cash (Chinese coin), Chen Fan, Confucianism, Crown prince, Disasters of the Partisan Prohibitions, Dong Zhuo, Dou Miao, Dou Wu, Emperor Huan of Han, Emperor of China, Emperor Xian of Han, Emperor Zhang of Han, Empress dowager, Empress Dowager Dong, Empress He (Han dynasty), Empress Song (Han dynasty), End of the Han dynasty, Eunuch, Fan Ye (historian), Gansu, Han dynasty, Hanfu, He Jin, Hebei, Henan, History of the Han dynasty, Huangfu Song, Hubei, Hunan, Ji Province, Jian Shuo, Jiangsu, Jiangxi, Jingzhou (ancient China), Jun (country subdivision), Liang Province, Liaoning, List of emperors of the Han dynasty, Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms, Liu, Liu Bian, Liu Yan (Han dynasty warlord), Lu Zhi (Han dynasty), Luoyang, Mace (unit), Memorial to the throne, ..., Posthumous name, Qiang people, Qing Province, Sexagenary cycle, Shandong, Silk, Sima Guang, Taoism, Ten Attendants, Three Kingdoms, Tianjin, Xianbei, Xuzhou (ancient China), Yan Province, Yang Province, Yellow Turban Rebellion, You Prefecture, Yuzhou (ancient China), Zhang Jue, Zhejiang, Zhengzhou, Zhu Jun (Han dynasty), Zizhi Tongjian. Expand index (23 more) »
Anhui
Anhui is a province of the People's Republic of China located in the eastern region of the country.
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Beijing
Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.
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Book of the Later Han
The Book of the Later Han, also known as the History of the Later Han and by its Chinese name Hou Hanshu, is one of the Twenty-Four Histories and covers the history of the Han dynasty from 6 to 189 CE, a period known as the Later or Eastern Han.
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Cao Cao
Cao Cao (– 15 March 220), courtesy name Mengde, was a Chinese warlord and the penultimate Chancellor of the Eastern Han dynasty who rose to great power in the final years of the dynasty.
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Cash (Chinese coin)
Cash was a type of coin of China and East Asia, used from the 4th century BC until the 20th century AD.
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Chen Fan
Chen Fàn (died 168), style name Zhongju (仲舉), was an official of the Eastern Han Dynasty.
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Confucianism
Confucianism, also known as Ruism, is described as tradition, a philosophy, a religion, a humanistic or rationalistic religion, a way of governing, or simply a way of life.
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Crown prince
A crown prince is the male heir apparent to the throne in a royal or imperial monarchy.
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Disasters of the Partisan Prohibitions
The Disasters of the Partisan Prohibitions (黨錮之禍) refers to two incidents in which a number of Confucian scholars who served as officials in the Han imperial government and opposed to powerful eunuchs, and the university students in the capital Luoyang who supported them (collectively referred to by the eunuchs as "partisans" (黨人, dangren), were imprisoned. Some were executed; some were released but lost their civil rights. The first incident (in 166) was largely bloodless, but the second incident (in 169), which came after the Confucian scholars Dou Wu (the father of Empress Dowager Dou) and Chen Fan were defeated by eunuchs in a physical confrontation, saw a large number of the partisans lose their lives. The restrictions on civil liberties imposed on the surviving partisans were not lifted until 184 when Emperor Ling was concerned that the partisans would join the Yellow Turban Rebellion.
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Dong Zhuo
Dong Zhuo (died 22 May 192), courtesy name Zhongying, was a military general and warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Dou Miao
Empress Dou Miao (died 172), formally Empress Huansi (literally, "the diligent and deep-thinking empress"), was an empress during the Han Dynasty.
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Dou Wu
Dou Wu (died 168), courtesy name Youping (游平), was a Han Dynasty politician who was known as a Confucian scholar and served as a low-level official during the reign of Emperor Huan until his daughter Dou Miao was elevated from imperial consort to empress, which caused him to be promoted, eventually to become one of the most important imperial officials when his daughter became empress dowager and regent for Emperor Ling.
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Emperor Huan of Han
Emperor Huan of Han (132 – 25 January 168) was the 27th emperor of the Han Dynasty after he was enthroned by the Empress Dowager and her brother Liang Ji on 1 August 146.
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Emperor of China
The Emperor or Huangdi was the secular imperial title of the Chinese sovereign reigning between the founding of the Qin dynasty that unified China in 221 BC, until the abdication of Puyi in 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution and the establishment of the Republic of China, although it was later restored twice in two failed revolutions in 1916 and 1917.
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Emperor Xian of Han
Emperor Xian of Han (2 April 181 – 21 April 234), personal name Liu Xie, courtesy name Bohe, was the 14th and last emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China.
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Emperor Zhang of Han
Emperor Zhang of Han (57 – 9 April 88) was an emperor of the Chinese Han dynasty from 75 to 88.
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Empress dowager
Empress dowager (also dowager empress or empress mother) (hiragana: こうたいごう) is the English language translation of the title given to the mother or widow of a Chinese, Japanese, Korean or Vietnamese emperor.
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Empress Dowager Dong
Empress Dowager Dong (died 189), personal name unknown, formally known as Empress Xiaoren, was an empress dowager of the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Empress He (Han dynasty)
Empress He (died 189), personal name unknown, posthumously known as Empress Lingsi, was an empress of the Eastern Han dynasty.
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Empress Song (Han dynasty)
Empress Song (宋皇后, personal name unknown) (died 178) was an empress during the Han Dynasty.
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End of the Han dynasty
The end of the Han dynasty refers to the period of Chinese history from 189 to 220 AD, which roughly coincides with the tumultuous reign of the Han dynasty's last ruler, Emperor Xian.
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Eunuch
The term eunuch (εὐνοῦχος) generally refers to a man who has been castrated, typically early enough in his life for this change to have major hormonal consequences.
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Fan Ye (historian)
Fan Ye (398–445 or 446), courtesy name Weizong (蔚宗), was a Chinese historian and politician of the Liu Song dynasty during the Southern and Northern dynasties period.
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Gansu
Gansu (Tibetan: ཀན་སུའུ་ Kan su'u) is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the northwest of the country.
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Han dynasty
The Han dynasty was the second imperial dynasty of China (206 BC–220 AD), preceded by the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and succeeded by the Three Kingdoms period (220–280 AD). Spanning over four centuries, the Han period is considered a golden age in Chinese history. To this day, China's majority ethnic group refers to themselves as the "Han Chinese" and the Chinese script is referred to as "Han characters". It was founded by the rebel leader Liu Bang, known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu of Han, and briefly interrupted by the Xin dynasty (9–23 AD) of the former regent Wang Mang. This interregnum separates the Han dynasty into two periods: the Western Han or Former Han (206 BC–9 AD) and the Eastern Han or Later Han (25–220 AD). The emperor was at the pinnacle of Han society. He presided over the Han government but shared power with both the nobility and appointed ministers who came largely from the scholarly gentry class. The Han Empire was divided into areas directly controlled by the central government using an innovation inherited from the Qin known as commanderies, and a number of semi-autonomous kingdoms. These kingdoms gradually lost all vestiges of their independence, particularly following the Rebellion of the Seven States. From the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BC) onward, the Chinese court officially sponsored Confucianism in education and court politics, synthesized with the cosmology of later scholars such as Dong Zhongshu. This policy endured until the fall of the Qing dynasty in 1911 AD. The Han dynasty saw an age of economic prosperity and witnessed a significant growth of the money economy first established during the Zhou dynasty (c. 1050–256 BC). The coinage issued by the central government mint in 119 BC remained the standard coinage of China until the Tang dynasty (618–907 AD). The period saw a number of limited institutional innovations. To finance its military campaigns and the settlement of newly conquered frontier territories, the Han government nationalized the private salt and iron industries in 117 BC, but these government monopolies were repealed during the Eastern Han dynasty. Science and technology during the Han period saw significant advances, including the process of papermaking, the nautical steering ship rudder, the use of negative numbers in mathematics, the raised-relief map, the hydraulic-powered armillary sphere for astronomy, and a seismometer for measuring earthquakes employing an inverted pendulum. The Xiongnu, a nomadic steppe confederation, defeated the Han in 200 BC and forced the Han to submit as a de facto inferior partner, but continued their raids on the Han borders. Emperor Wu launched several military campaigns against them. The ultimate Han victory in these wars eventually forced the Xiongnu to accept vassal status as Han tributaries. These campaigns expanded Han sovereignty into the Tarim Basin of Central Asia, divided the Xiongnu into two separate confederations, and helped establish the vast trade network known as the Silk Road, which reached as far as the Mediterranean world. The territories north of Han's borders were quickly overrun by the nomadic Xianbei confederation. Emperor Wu also launched successful military expeditions in the south, annexing Nanyue in 111 BC and Dian in 109 BC, and in the Korean Peninsula where the Xuantu and Lelang Commanderies were established in 108 BC. After 92 AD, the palace eunuchs increasingly involved themselves in court politics, engaging in violent power struggles between the various consort clans of the empresses and empresses dowager, causing the Han's ultimate downfall. Imperial authority was also seriously challenged by large Daoist religious societies which instigated the Yellow Turban Rebellion and the Five Pecks of Rice Rebellion. Following the death of Emperor Ling (r. 168–189 AD), the palace eunuchs suffered wholesale massacre by military officers, allowing members of the aristocracy and military governors to become warlords and divide the empire. When Cao Pi, King of Wei, usurped the throne from Emperor Xian, the Han dynasty would eventually collapse and ceased to exist.
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Hanfu
Hanfu is a term associated with the Hanfu movement used to refer to the historical/traditional dress of the Han people.
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He Jin
He Jin (died 22 September 189), courtesy name Suigao, was a military general and regent of the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Hebei
Hebei (postal: Hopeh) is a province of China in the North China region.
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Henan
Henan is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the central part of the country.
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History of the Han dynasty
The Han dynasty (206 BCE – 220 CE), founded by the peasant rebel leader Liu Bang (known posthumously as Emperor Gaozu),From the Shang to the Sui dynasties, Chinese rulers were referred to in later records by their posthumous names, while emperors of the Tang to Yuan dynasties were referred to by their temple names, and emperors of the Ming and Qing dynasties were referred to by single era names for their rule.
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Huangfu Song
Huangfu Song (died 195), courtesy name Yizhen, was a military general who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Hubei
Hubei is a province of the People's Republic of China, located in the Central China region.
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Hunan
Hunan is the 7th most populous province of China and the 10th most extensive by area.
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Ji Province
Ji Province, also known by its Chinese name Jizhou, was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China.
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Jian Shuo
Jian Shuo (died 189) was the leader of the eunuch faction in the imperial court during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Jiangsu
Jiangsu, formerly romanized as Kiangsu, is an eastern-central coastal province of the People's Republic of China.
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Jiangxi
Jiangxi, formerly spelled as Kiangsi Gan: Kongsi) is a province in the People's Republic of China, located in the southeast of the country. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze river in the north into hillier areas in the south and east, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to the northwest. The name "Jiangxi" derives from the circuit administrated under the Tang dynasty in 733, Jiangnanxidao (道, Circuit of Western Jiangnan; Gan: Kongnomsitau). The short name for Jiangxi is 赣 (pinyin: Gàn; Gan: Gōm), for the Gan River which runs across from the south to the north and flows into the Yangtze River. Jiangxi is also alternately called Ganpo Dadi (贛鄱大地) which literally means the "Great Land of Gan and Po".
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Jingzhou (ancient China)
Jingzhou or Jing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China referenced in Chinese historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou.
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Jun (country subdivision)
A jùn was a historical administrative division of China from the Zhou dynasty (c. 7th century BCE) until the early Tang (c. 7th century CE).
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Liang Province
Liang Province or Liangzhou (涼州) was a province in the northwest of ancient China, in the approximate location of the modern-day province of Gansu.
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Liaoning
Liaoning is a province of China, located in the northeast of the country.
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List of emperors of the Han dynasty
The emperors of the Han dynasty were the supreme heads of government during the second imperial dynasty of China; the Han dynasty (202 BC – 220 AD) followed the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and preceded the Three Kingdoms (220–265 AD).
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Lists of people of the Three Kingdoms
The following are lists of people significant to the Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of Chinese history.
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Liu
劉 / 刘 (Liu, Lao, Lau, Low, Lauv, Lieh, Lieu, Liew, Loo, Lew, Liou or Yu) is a Chinese surname.
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Liu Bian
Liu Bian (176 – 6 March 190), also known as Emperor Shao of Han and the Prince of Hongnong, was the 13th emperor of the Eastern Han dynasty in China.
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Liu Yan (Han dynasty warlord)
Liu Yan (died 194), courtesy name Junlang, was a warlord who lived in the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Lu Zhi (Han dynasty)
Lu Zhi (159–192),.
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Luoyang
Luoyang, formerly romanized as Loyang, is a city located in the confluence area of Luo River and Yellow River in the west of Henan province.
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Mace (unit)
A mace (Hong Kong English usage: tsin; Southeast Asian English usage: chee) is a traditional Chinese measurement of weight in East Asia that was also used as a currency denomination.
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Memorial to the throne
A memorial to the throne (Chinese: 章表, zhāngbiǎo) was an official communication to the Emperor of China.
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Posthumous name
A posthumous name is an honorary name given to royalty, nobles, and sometimes others, in East Asia after the person's death, and is used almost exclusively instead of one's personal name or other official titles during his life.
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Qiang people
The Qiang people are an ethnic group in China.
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Qing Province
Qingzhou or Qing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China dating back to that later became one of the thirteen provinces of the Han dynasty (206 –220). The Nine Provinces were first described in the Tribute of Yu chapter of the classic Book of Documents, with Qingzhou lying to the east of Yuzhou and north of Yangzhou.
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Sexagenary cycle
The sexagenary cycle, also known as the Stems-and-Branches or ganzhi, is a cycle of sixty terms used for reckoning time in China and the East Asian cultural sphere.
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Shandong
Shandong (formerly romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the East China region.
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Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.
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Sima Guang
Sima Guang (17 November 1019 – 11 October 1086), courtesy name Junshi, was a Chinese historian, writer, and politician.
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Taoism
Taoism, also known as Daoism, is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as ''Dao'').
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Ten Attendants
The Ten Attendants, also known as the Ten Eunuchs, were a group of influential eunuch-officials in the imperial court of Emperor Ling (168–189 BC) in the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Three Kingdoms
The Three Kingdoms (220–280) was the tripartite division of China between the states of Wei (魏), Shu (蜀), and Wu (吳).
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Tianjin
Tianjin, formerly romanized as Tientsin, is a coastal metropolis in northern China and one of the four national central cities of the People's Republic of China (PRC), with a total population of 15,469,500, and is also the world's 11th-most populous city proper.
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Xianbei
The Xianbei were proto-Mongols residing in what became today's eastern Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Northeast China.
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Xuzhou (ancient China)
Xuzhou as a historical toponym refers to varied area in different eras.
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Yan Province
Yan Province or Yanzhou was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China.
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Yang Province
Yangzhou, Yangchow or Yang Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China mentioned in historical texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya and Rites of Zhou.
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Yellow Turban Rebellion
The Yellow Turban Rebellion, also translated as the Yellow Scarves Rebellion, was a peasant revolt in China against the Eastern Han dynasty.
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You Prefecture
You Prefecture or Province, also known by its Chinese name Youzhou, was a prefecture (zhou) in northern China during its imperial era.
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Yuzhou (ancient China)
Yuzhou or Yu Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China, later to become an administrative division around the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141 BC - 87 BC) of the Western Han dynasty (206 BC-AD 9).
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Zhang Jue
Zhang Jue (died 184) was the leader of the Yellow Turban Rebellion during the late Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zhejiang
, formerly romanized as Chekiang, is an eastern coastal province of China.
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Zhengzhou
Zhengzhou is the capital of Henan Province in the central part of the People's Republic of China.
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Zhu Jun (Han dynasty)
Zhu Jun (died 195), courtesy name Gongwei, was a military general and official who lived during the Eastern Han dynasty of China.
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Zizhi Tongjian
The Zizhi Tongjian is a pioneering reference work in Chinese historiography, published in 1084, in the form of a chronicle.
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Redirects here:
Emperor Han Lingdi of China, Emperor Ling, Emperor Ling of Han China, Emperor ling of han, Han Emperor Ling, Han Ling Di, Han Lingdi, Hàn Líng Dì, Ling of Han, 漢靈帝.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperor_Ling_of_Han
