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Linguistic purism in Icelandic

Index Linguistic purism in Icelandic

Linguistic purism in Icelandic is the policy of substituting loanwords with the creation of new words from Old Icelandic and Old Norse roots and preventing new loanwords from entering the language. [1]

114 relations: Althing, Ari Þorgilsson, Arngrímur Jónsson, Astronomy, Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies, Íslendingabók, Brynjólfur Pétursson, Buenos Aires, Cabinet of Iceland, Cairo, Compound (linguistics), Copenhagen, Danes, Danish language, Declension, Denmark, DV (newspaper), Economy of Iceland, Eggert Ólafsson, English language, Etymology, First Grammatical Treatise, Fjölnir, Fjölnir (journal), Foreign language, French language, German language, Germanism (linguistics), Germans, Ghil'ad Zuckermann, Gospel, Grammatical gender, Gravity, Gymnasium (school), Høgnorsk, Heimskringla, Heinrich Heine, Historiography, HIV/AIDS, Iceland, Icelanders, Icelandic language, Icelandic Language Day, Icelandic Language Institute, Icelandic Literary Society, Icelandic orthography, Indo-European languages, Inflection, Interface (computing), Jónas Hallgrímsson, ..., Jörð, John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, Konráð Gíslason, Landnámabók, Language acquisition, Language ideology, Latinism, Lexicon, Lexis (linguistics), Lier, Belgium, Linguistic purism, Loanword, Meteorology, Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (Iceland), Mjölnir, National identity, Neologism, Nordic countries, Nordic Cross flag, Norse mythology, North Germanic languages, Norway, Norwegian language, Nynorsk, Old Norse, Orthography, Ossian, Parrot, Pétur Þorsteinsson, Phoneme, Phonetics, Phono-semantic matching, Poland, Pronunciation, Prose Edda, Radar, Rasmus Rask, RÚV, Rás 1, Robert Peel, Romanticism, Rotem Kowner, Saint Joseph, Scandinavia, Science, Semantic field, Skald, Snorri Sturluson, Software, Spanish language, Stöð 2, Tómas Sæmundsson, Technology, Telephone, Telescope, Terminology, Thor, Tropics, University of Copenhagen, Usenet, Usenet newsgroup, Virus, Weather, World language. Expand index (64 more) »

Althing

The Alþingi (parliament (Icelandic) and anglicised as Althingi or Althing) is the national parliament of Iceland.

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Ari Þorgilsson

Ari Þorgilsson (Ari Thorgilsson) (1067–1148 AD) was Iceland's most prominent medieval chronicler.

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Arngrímur Jónsson

Arngrímur Jónsson the Learned (Arngrímur Jónsson hinn lærði; 1568 – 27 June 1648) was an Icelandic scholar and an apologist.

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Astronomy

Astronomy (from ἀστρονομία) is a natural science that studies celestial objects and phenomena.

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Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies

The Árni Magnússon Institute for Icelandic Studies (Stofnun Árna Magnússonar í íslenskum fræðum) is an institute of the Ministry of Education, Science and Culture of Iceland which conducts research in Icelandic and related academic studies, in particular the Icelandic language and Icelandic literature, to disseminate knowledge in those areas, and to protect and develop the collections that it possesses or those placed in its care.

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Íslendingabók

Íslendingabók (Old Norse pronunciation: ˈiːslɛndɪŋgaˌboːk, Book of Icelanders) is a historical work dealing with early Icelandic history.

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Brynjólfur Pétursson

Brynjólfur Pétursson (15 April 1810 – 18 October 1851) was an Icelandic lawyer and government official.

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Buenos Aires

Buenos Aires is the capital and most populous city of Argentina.

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Cabinet of Iceland

The Cabinet of Iceland (Stjórnarráð Íslands) is the collective decision-making body of the government of Iceland, composed of the Prime Minister and the cabinet ministers.

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Cairo

Cairo (القاهرة) is the capital of Egypt.

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Compound (linguistics)

In linguistics, a compound is a lexeme (less precisely, a word) that consists of more than one stem.

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Copenhagen

Copenhagen (København; Hafnia) is the capital and most populous city of Denmark.

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Danes

Danes (danskere) are a nation and a Germanic ethnic group native to Denmark, who speak Danish and share the common Danish culture.

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Danish language

Danish (dansk, dansk sprog) is a North Germanic language spoken by around six million people, principally in Denmark and in the region of Southern Schleswig in northern Germany, where it has minority language status.

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Declension

In linguistics, declension is the changing of the form of a word to express it with a non-standard meaning, by way of some inflection, that is by marking the word with some change in pronunciation or by other information.

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Denmark

Denmark (Danmark), officially the Kingdom of Denmark,Kongeriget Danmark,.

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DV (newspaper)

DV (Dagblaðið Vísir) is a tabloid newspaper in Iceland published by DV ehf.

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Economy of Iceland

The economy of Iceland is small and subject to high volatility.

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Eggert Ólafsson

Eggert Ólafsson (December 1, 1726 – May 30, 1768) was an Icelandic explorer, writer and conservator of the Icelandic language.

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English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

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Etymology

EtymologyThe New Oxford Dictionary of English (1998) – p. 633 "Etymology /ˌɛtɪˈmɒlədʒi/ the study of the class in words and the way their meanings have changed throughout time".

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First Grammatical Treatise

The First Grammatical Treatise (Fyrsta málfræðiritgerðin digital reproduction at Old Norse etexts.) is a 12th-century work on the phonology of the Old Norse or Old Icelandic language.

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Fjölnir

Fjölnir (Fjǫlnir, "Manifold" or "Multiplier"McKinnell (2005:70).) is a legendary king in Norse mythology said to have been the son of Freyr (Frey) and his consort Gerðr (Gertha).

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Fjölnir (journal)

Fjölnir was an Icelandic-language journal published annually in Copenhagen from 1835 to 1847.

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Foreign language

A foreign language is a language originally from another country.

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French language

French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.

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German language

German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.

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Germanism (linguistics)

A Germanism is a loan word or other loan element borrowed from German for use in some other language.

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Germans

Germans (Deutsche) are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe, who share a common German ancestry, culture and history.

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Ghil'ad Zuckermann

Ghil'ad Zuckermann (גלעד צוקרמן,, born 1 June 1971) is a linguist and revivalist who works in contact linguistics, lexicology and the study of language, culture and identity.

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Gospel

Gospel is the Old English translation of Greek εὐαγγέλιον, evangelion, meaning "good news".

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Grammatical gender

In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs.

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Gravity

Gravity, or gravitation, is a natural phenomenon by which all things with mass or energy—including planets, stars, galaxies, and even light—are brought toward (or gravitate toward) one another.

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Gymnasium (school)

A gymnasium is a type of school with a strong emphasis on academic learning, and providing advanced secondary education in some parts of Europe comparable to British grammar schools, sixth form colleges and US preparatory high schools.

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Høgnorsk

Høgnorsk, meaning "High Norwegian", is a term for varieties of the Norwegian language form Nynorsk that reject most of the official reforms that have been introduced since the creation of Landsmål.

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Heimskringla

Heimskringla is the best known of the Old Norse kings' sagas.

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Heinrich Heine

Christian Johann Heinrich Heine (13 December 1797 – 17 February 1856) was a German poet, journalist, essayist, and literary critic.

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Historiography

Historiography is the study of the methods of historians in developing history as an academic discipline, and by extension is any body of historical work on a particular subject.

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HIV/AIDS

Human immunodeficiency virus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome (HIV/AIDS) is a spectrum of conditions caused by infection with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

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Iceland

Iceland is a Nordic island country in the North Atlantic, with a population of and an area of, making it the most sparsely populated country in Europe.

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Icelanders

Icelanders (Íslendingar) are a Germanic ethnic group and nation, native to Iceland, mostly speaking the Germanic language Icelandic.

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Icelandic language

Icelandic (íslenska) is a North Germanic language, and the language of Iceland.

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Icelandic Language Day

Icelandic Language Day (dagur íslenskrar tungu or "day of the Icelandic tongue") is celebrated on 16 November each year in Iceland.

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Icelandic Language Institute

The Icelandic Language Institute (Íslensk málstöð), founded in 1985, was responsible for the planning and preservation of the Icelandic language.

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Icelandic Literary Society

The Icelandic Literary Society (Hið Íslenzka Bókmenntafélag), founded in 1816, is a society dedicated to promoting and strengthening Icelandic language, literature and learning.

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Icelandic orthography

Icelandic orthography is the way in which Icelandic words are spelled and how their spelling corresponds with their pronunciation.

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Indo-European languages

The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects.

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Inflection

In grammar, inflection or inflexion – sometimes called accidence – is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, and mood.

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Interface (computing)

In computing, an interface is a shared boundary across which two or more separate components of a computer system exchange information.

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Jónas Hallgrímsson

Jónas Hallgrímsson (16 November 1807 – 26 May 1845) was an Icelandic poet, author and naturalist.

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Jörð

In Norse mythology, Jörð (Old Norse jǫrð, "earth" pronounced, Icelandic Jörð, pronounced, sometimes Anglicized as Jord or Jorth; also called Jarð, as in Old East Norse), is a female jötunn.

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John Russell, 1st Earl Russell

John Russell, 1st Earl Russell, (18 August 1792 – 28 May 1878), known by his courtesy title Lord John Russell before 1861, was a leading Whig and Liberal politician who served as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom on two occasions during the early Victorian era.

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Konráð Gíslason

Konráð Gíslason (3 July 1808 – 26 January 1891) was an Icelandic grammarian and philologist, and one of the Fjölnismenn, a group of Icelandic intellectuals who spearheaded the revival of Icelandic national consciousness in the 19th century.

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Landnámabók

Landnámabók (“Book of Settlements”), often shortened to Landnáma, is a medieval Icelandic written work which describes in considerable detail the settlement (''landnám'') of Iceland by the Norse in the 9th and 10th centuries CE.

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Language acquisition

Language acquisition is the process by which humans acquire the capacity to perceive and comprehend language, as well as to produce and use words and sentences to communicate.

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Language ideology

Language ideology (also referred to as linguistic ideology) is a concept used primarily within the fields of anthropology (esp. Linguistic anthropology), sociolinguistics, and cross-cultural studies to characterize any set of beliefs or feelings about languages as used in their social worlds.

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Latinism

A Latinism (rarely also known as a Latinity) is an word, idiom, or structure a language other than Latin that is derived from, or suggestive of, the Latin language.

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Lexicon

A lexicon, word-hoard, wordbook, or word-stock is the vocabulary of a person, language, or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical).

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Lexis (linguistics)

In generative linguistics, a lexis or lexicon is the complete set of all possible words in a language (vocabulary).

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Lier, Belgium

Lier is a municipality located in the Belgian province of Antwerp.

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Linguistic purism

Linguistic purism or linguistic protectionism is the practice of defining or recognizing one variety of a language as being purer or of intrinsically higher quality than other varieties.

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Loanword

A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word adopted from one language (the donor language) and incorporated into another language without translation.

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Meteorology

Meteorology is a branch of the atmospheric sciences which includes atmospheric chemistry and atmospheric physics, with a major focus on weather forecasting.

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Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (Iceland)

The Ministry of Education, Science and Culture (Mennta- og menningarmálaráðuneytið) is an Icelandic cabinet-level ministry founded 16 December 1942.

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Mjölnir

In Norse mythology, Mjölnir (Mjǫllnir) is the hammer of Thor, the Norse god associated with thunder.

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National identity

National identity is one's identity or sense of belonging to one state or to one nation.

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Neologism

A neologism (from Greek νέο- néo-, "new" and λόγος lógos, "speech, utterance") is a relatively recent or isolated term, word, or phrase that may be in the process of entering common use, but that has not yet been fully accepted into mainstream language.

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Nordic countries

The Nordic countries or the Nordics are a geographical and cultural region in Northern Europe and the North Atlantic, where they are most commonly known as Norden (literally "the North").

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Nordic Cross flag

The Nordic Cross flag is any of certain flags bearing the design of the Nordic or Scandinavian cross, a cross symbol in a rectangular field, with the center of the cross shifted towards the hoist.

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Norse mythology

Norse mythology is the body of myths of the North Germanic people stemming from Norse paganism and continuing after the Christianization of Scandinavia and into the Scandinavian folklore of the modern period.

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North Germanic languages

The North Germanic languages make up one of the three branches of the Germanic languages, a sub-family of the Indo-European languages, along with the West Germanic languages and the extinct East Germanic languages.

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Norway

Norway (Norwegian: (Bokmål) or (Nynorsk); Norga), officially the Kingdom of Norway, is a unitary sovereign state whose territory comprises the western portion of the Scandinavian Peninsula plus the remote island of Jan Mayen and the archipelago of Svalbard.

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Norwegian language

Norwegian (norsk) is a North Germanic language spoken mainly in Norway, where it is the official language.

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Nynorsk

Nynorsk (translates to New Norwegian or New Norse) is one of the two written standards of the Norwegian language, the other being Bokmål.

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Old Norse

Old Norse was a North Germanic language that was spoken by inhabitants of Scandinavia and inhabitants of their overseas settlements from about the 9th to the 13th century.

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Orthography

An orthography is a set of conventions for writing a language.

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Ossian

Ossian (Irish Gaelic/Scottish Gaelic: Oisean) is the narrator and purported author of a cycle of epic poems published by the Scottish poet James Macpherson from 1760.

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Parrot

Parrots, also known as psittacines, are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera that make up the order Psittaciformes, found in most tropical and subtropical regions.

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Pétur Þorsteinsson

Pétur Þorsteinsson (born May 5, 1955 in Borgarfjörður) is an Icelandic neologist, youth-leader and vicar of the Óháði Söfnuðurinn or Independent Parish, a Lutheran church.

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Phoneme

A phoneme is one of the units of sound (or gesture in the case of sign languages, see chereme) that distinguish one word from another in a particular language.

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Phonetics

Phonetics (pronounced) is the branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign.

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Phono-semantic matching

Phono-semantic matching (PSM) is the incorporation of a word into one language from another, often creating a neologism), where the word's non-native quality is hidden by replacing it with phonetically and semantically similar words or roots from the adopting language. Thus, the approximate sound and meaning of the original expression in the source language are preserved, though the new expression (the PSM) in the target language may sound native. Phono-semantic matching is distinct from calquing, which includes (semantic) translation but does not include phonetic matching (i.e. retaining the approximate sound of the borrowed word through matching it with a similar-sounding pre-existent word or morpheme in the target language). At the same time, phono-semantic matching is also distinct from homophonic translation, which retains the sound of a word but not the meaning.

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Poland

Poland (Polska), officially the Republic of Poland (Rzeczpospolita Polska), is a country located in Central Europe.

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Pronunciation

Pronunciation is the way in which a word or a language is spoken.

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Prose Edda

The Prose Edda, also known as the Younger Edda, Snorri's Edda (Snorra Edda) or, historically, simply as Edda, is an Old Norse work of literature written in Iceland in the early 13th century.

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Radar

Radar is an object-detection system that uses radio waves to determine the range, angle, or velocity of objects.

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Rasmus Rask

Rasmus Kristian Rask (born Rasmus Christian Nielsen Rasch; 22 November 1787 – 14 November 1832) was a Danish linguist and philologist.

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RÚV

Ríkisútvarpið (RÚV) (pronounced or) ('The Icelandic National Broadcasting Service') is Iceland's national public-service broadcasting organization.

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Rás 1

Rás 1 (Channel 1) is an Icelandic radio station belonging to and operated by Ríkisútvarpið (RÚV), Iceland's national public service broadcaster.

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Robert Peel

Sir Robert Peel, 2nd Baronet, (5 February 17882 July 1850) was a British statesman of the Conservative Party who served twice as Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (1834–35 and 1841–46) and twice as Home Secretary (1822–27 and 1828–30).

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Romanticism

Romanticism (also known as the Romantic era) was an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe toward the end of the 18th century, and in most areas was at its peak in the approximate period from 1800 to 1850.

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Rotem Kowner

Rotem Kowner (רותם קובנר; born 11 July 1960 in Mikhmoret) is an Israeli historian and psychologist specializing in the history of modern Japan, and a full professor in the Department of Asian Studies at the University of Haifa.

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Saint Joseph

Joseph (translit) is a figure in the Gospels who was married to Mary, Jesus' mother, and, in the Christian tradition, was Jesus's legal father.

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Scandinavia

Scandinavia is a region in Northern Europe, with strong historical, cultural and linguistic ties.

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Science

R. P. Feynman, The Feynman Lectures on Physics, Vol.1, Chaps.1,2,&3.

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Semantic field

In linguistics, a semantic field is a set of words grouped semantically (by meaning) that refers to a specific subject.

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Skald

The term skald, or skáld (Old Norse:, later;, meaning "poet"), is generally used for poets who composed at the courts of Scandinavian and Icelandic leaders during the Viking Age and Middle Ages.

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Snorri Sturluson

Snorri Sturluson (1179 – 23 September 1241) was an Icelandic historian, poet, and politician.

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Software

Computer software, or simply software, is a generic term that refers to a collection of data or computer instructions that tell the computer how to work, in contrast to the physical hardware from which the system is built, that actually performs the work.

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Spanish language

Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.

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Stöð 2

Stöð 2 is an Icelandic television channel, owned and operated by 365.

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Tómas Sæmundsson

Tómas Sæmundsson (Jun 7 1807 – May 17, 1841) was an Icelandic priest, and one of the Fjölnismenn, a group of Icelandic intellectuals who spearheaded the revival of Icelandic national consciousness and gave rise to the Icelandic Independence Movement.

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Technology

Technology ("science of craft", from Greek τέχνη, techne, "art, skill, cunning of hand"; and -λογία, -logia) is first robustly defined by Jacob Bigelow in 1829 as: "...principles, processes, and nomenclatures of the more conspicuous arts, particularly those which involve applications of science, and which may be considered useful, by promoting the benefit of society, together with the emolument of those who pursue them".

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Telephone

A telephone, or phone, is a telecommunications device that permits two or more users to conduct a conversation when they are too far apart to be heard directly.

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Telescope

A telescope is an optical instrument that aids in the observation of remote objects by collecting electromagnetic radiation (such as visible light).

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Terminology

Terminology is the study of terms and their use.

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Thor

In Norse mythology, Thor (from Þórr) is the hammer-wielding god of thunder, lightning, storms, oak trees, strength, the protection of mankind, in addition to hallowing, and fertility.

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Tropics

The tropics are a region of the Earth surrounding the Equator.

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University of Copenhagen

The University of Copenhagen (UCPH) (Københavns Universitet) is the oldest university and research institution in Denmark.

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Usenet

Usenet is a worldwide distributed discussion system available on computers.

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Usenet newsgroup

A Usenet newsgroup is a repository usually within the Usenet system, for messages posted from many users in different locations using Internet.

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Virus

A virus is a small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of other organisms.

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Weather

Weather is the state of the atmosphere, describing for example the degree to which it is hot or cold, wet or dry, calm or stormy, clear or cloudy.

New!!: Linguistic purism in Icelandic and Weather · See more »

World language

A world language is a language that is spoken internationally and is learned and spoken by a large number of people as a second language.

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Redirects here:

Hafronska, High Icelandic, Háfrónska, Preservation of Icelandic.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linguistic_purism_in_Icelandic

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