Logo
Unionpedia
Communication
Get it on Google Play
New! Download Unionpedia on your Android™ device!
Download
Faster access than browser!
 

Independence

Index Independence

Independence is a condition of a nation, country, or state in which its residents and population, or some portion thereof, exercise self-government, and usually sovereignty, over the territory. [1]

72 relations: Africa, Algerian War, American Revolutionary War, Americas, Antarctica, Asia, Austria-Hungary, Authority, Autonomous administrative division, Azawad, Caucasus Mountains, Colonial empire, Compact of Free Association, Condominium (international law), Cook Islands, Country, David Armitage (historian), De facto, Declaration of Arbroath, Declaration of independence, Democratization, Dependent territory, Devolution, Europe, French First Republic, Haitian Revolution, Independence constitution, Independence referendum, Indian independence movement, International recognition of Kosovo, Legitimacy (family law), List of national independence days, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania, List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas, List of sovereign states by date of formation, Lists of active separatist movements, Napoleon, Nation, Niue, Oceania, Organization of American Historians, Ottoman Empire, Physical geography, Protectorate, Public holiday, Revolution, Scotland, ..., Secession, Self-governance, Serbia, Sovereign state, Sovereignty, Spanish American wars of independence, Special Committee on Decolonization, Taiwan, Territorial claims in Antarctica, Transcaucasia, Unilateral declaration of independence, United Kingdom, United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo, United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories, United States, United States Declaration of Independence, Violence, War of independence, Wars of national liberation, Western Asia, World War I, 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence. Expand index (22 more) »

Africa

Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).

New!!: Independence and Africa · See more »

Algerian War

No description.

New!!: Independence and Algerian War · See more »

American Revolutionary War

The American Revolutionary War (17751783), also known as the American War of Independence, was a global war that began as a conflict between Great Britain and its Thirteen Colonies which declared independence as the United States of America. After 1765, growing philosophical and political differences strained the relationship between Great Britain and its colonies. Patriot protests against taxation without representation followed the Stamp Act and escalated into boycotts, which culminated in 1773 with the Sons of Liberty destroying a shipment of tea in Boston Harbor. Britain responded by closing Boston Harbor and passing a series of punitive measures against Massachusetts Bay Colony. Massachusetts colonists responded with the Suffolk Resolves, and they established a shadow government which wrested control of the countryside from the Crown. Twelve colonies formed a Continental Congress to coordinate their resistance, establishing committees and conventions that effectively seized power. British attempts to disarm the Massachusetts militia at Concord, Massachusetts in April 1775 led to open combat. Militia forces then besieged Boston, forcing a British evacuation in March 1776, and Congress appointed George Washington to command the Continental Army. Concurrently, an American attempt to invade Quebec and raise rebellion against the British failed decisively. On July 2, 1776, the Continental Congress voted for independence, issuing its declaration on July 4. Sir William Howe launched a British counter-offensive, capturing New York City and leaving American morale at a low ebb. However, victories at Trenton and Princeton restored American confidence. In 1777, the British launched an invasion from Quebec under John Burgoyne, intending to isolate the New England Colonies. Instead of assisting this effort, Howe took his army on a separate campaign against Philadelphia, and Burgoyne was decisively defeated at Saratoga in October 1777. Burgoyne's defeat had drastic consequences. France formally allied with the Americans and entered the war in 1778, and Spain joined the war the following year as an ally of France but not as an ally of the United States. In 1780, the Kingdom of Mysore attacked the British in India, and tensions between Great Britain and the Netherlands erupted into open war. In North America, the British mounted a "Southern strategy" led by Charles Cornwallis which hinged upon a Loyalist uprising, but too few came forward. Cornwallis suffered reversals at King's Mountain and Cowpens. He retreated to Yorktown, Virginia, intending an evacuation, but a decisive French naval victory deprived him of an escape. A Franco-American army led by the Comte de Rochambeau and Washington then besieged Cornwallis' army and, with no sign of relief, he surrendered in October 1781. Whigs in Britain had long opposed the pro-war Tories in Parliament, and the surrender gave them the upper hand. In early 1782, Parliament voted to end all offensive operations in North America, but the war continued in Europe and India. Britain remained under siege in Gibraltar but scored a major victory over the French navy. On September 3, 1783, the belligerent parties signed the Treaty of Paris in which Great Britain agreed to recognize the sovereignty of the United States and formally end the war. French involvement had proven decisive,Brooks, Richard (editor). Atlas of World Military History. HarperCollins, 2000, p. 101 "Washington's success in keeping the army together deprived the British of victory, but French intervention won the war." but France made few gains and incurred crippling debts. Spain made some minor territorial gains but failed in its primary aim of recovering Gibraltar. The Dutch were defeated on all counts and were compelled to cede territory to Great Britain. In India, the war against Mysore and its allies concluded in 1784 without any territorial changes.

New!!: Independence and American Revolutionary War · See more »

Americas

The Americas (also collectively called America)"America." The Oxford Companion to the English Language.

New!!: Independence and Americas · See more »

Antarctica

Antarctica is Earth's southernmost continent.

New!!: Independence and Antarctica · See more »

Asia

Asia is Earth's largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres.

New!!: Independence and Asia · See more »

Austria-Hungary

Austria-Hungary, often referred to as the Austro-Hungarian Empire or the Dual Monarchy in English-language sources, was a constitutional union of the Austrian Empire (the Kingdoms and Lands Represented in the Imperial Council, or Cisleithania) and the Kingdom of Hungary (Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen or Transleithania) that existed from 1867 to 1918, when it collapsed as a result of defeat in World War I. The union was a result of the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867 and came into existence on 30 March 1867.

New!!: Independence and Austria-Hungary · See more »

Authority

Authority derives from the Latin word and is a concept used to indicate the foundational right to exercise power, which can be formalized by the State and exercised by way of judges, monarchs, rulers, police officers or other appointed executives of government, or the ecclesiastical or priestly appointed representatives of a higher spiritual power (God or other deities).

New!!: Independence and Authority · See more »

Autonomous administrative division

An autonomous administrative division (also referred to as an autonomous area, entity, unit, region, subdivision, or territory) is a subdivision or dependent territory of a country that has a degree of self-governance, or autonomy, from an external authority.

New!!: Independence and Autonomous administrative division · See more »

Azawad

Azawad (Tuareg: ⴰⵣⴰⵓⴷ, Azawad; أزواد, ʾĀzawād) is the name given to northern Mali by Berbers Touareg rebels, as well as a former short-lived unrecognised proto-state.

New!!: Independence and Azawad · See more »

Caucasus Mountains

The Caucasus Mountains are a mountain system in West Asia between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea in the Caucasus region.

New!!: Independence and Caucasus Mountains · See more »

Colonial empire

A colonial empire is a collective of territories (often called colonies), mostly overseas, settled by the population of a certain state and governed by that state.

New!!: Independence and Colonial empire · See more »

Compact of Free Association

The Compact of Free Association (COFA) is an international agreement establishing and governing the relationships of free association between the United States and the three Pacific Island nations of the Federated States of Micronesia, the Marshall Islands, and Palau.

New!!: Independence and Compact of Free Association · See more »

Condominium (international law)

In international law, a condominium (plural either condominia, as in Latin, or condominiums) is a political territory (state or border area) in or over which multiple sovereign powers formally agree to share equal dominium (in the sense of sovereignty) and exercise their rights jointly, without dividing it into "national" zones.

New!!: Independence and Condominium (international law) · See more »

Cook Islands

The Cook Islands (Cook Islands Māori: Kūki 'Āirani) is a self-governing island country in the South Pacific Ocean in free association with New Zealand.

New!!: Independence and Cook Islands · See more »

Country

A country is a region that is identified as a distinct national entity in political geography.

New!!: Independence and Country · See more »

David Armitage (historian)

David Armitage (born 1965) is a British historian who has written on international and intellectual history.

New!!: Independence and David Armitage (historian) · See more »

De facto

In law and government, de facto (or;, "in fact") describes practices that exist in reality, even if not legally recognised by official laws.

New!!: Independence and De facto · See more »

Declaration of Arbroath

The Declaration of Arbroath is a declaration of Scottish independence, made in 1320.

New!!: Independence and Declaration of Arbroath · See more »

Declaration of independence

A declaration of independence or declaration of statehood is an assertion by a defined territory that it is independent and constitutes a state.

New!!: Independence and Declaration of independence · See more »

Democratization

Democratization (or democratisation) is the transition to a more democratic political regime.

New!!: Independence and Democratization · See more »

Dependent territory

A dependent territory, dependent area or dependency is a territory that does not possess full political independence or sovereignty as a sovereign state yet remains politically outside the controlling state's integral area.

New!!: Independence and Dependent territory · See more »

Devolution

Devolution is the statutory delegation of powers from the central government of a sovereign state to govern at a subnational level, such as a regional or local level.

New!!: Independence and Devolution · See more »

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

New!!: Independence and Europe · See more »

French First Republic

In the history of France, the First Republic (French: Première République), officially the French Republic (République française), was founded on 22 September 1792 during the French Revolution.

New!!: Independence and French First Republic · See more »

Haitian Revolution

The Haitian Revolution (Révolution haïtienne) was a successful anti-slavery and anti-colonial insurrection by self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign nation of Haiti.

New!!: Independence and Haitian Revolution · See more »

Independence constitution

Independence constitution is the name commonly given by African political scientists to originating constitutions (many of which are extant) of former British colonies, primarily in Africa, which gained their independence approximately 1960-1990.

New!!: Independence and Independence constitution · See more »

Independence referendum

An independence referendum is a type of referendum in which the citizens of a territory decide whether the territory should become an independent sovereign state.

New!!: Independence and Independence referendum · See more »

Indian independence movement

The Indian independence movement encompassed activities and ideas aiming to end the East India Company rule (1757–1857) and the British Indian Empire (1857–1947) in the Indian subcontinent.

New!!: Independence and Indian independence movement · See more »

International recognition of Kosovo

Since its declaration of independence from Serbia (enacted on 17 February 2008), international recognition of Kosovo has been mixed, and the international community continues to be divided on the issue.

New!!: Independence and International recognition of Kosovo · See more »

Legitimacy (family law)

Legitimacy, in traditional Western common law, is the status of a child born to parents who are legally married to each other, and of a child conceived before the parents obtain a legal divorce.

New!!: Independence and Legitimacy (family law) · See more »

List of national independence days

An Independence Day is an annual event commemorating the anniversary of a nation's independence or statehood, usually after ceasing to be a group or part of another nation or state; more rarely after the end of a military occupation; and in the unique case of Singapore, expulsion from Malaysia.

New!!: Independence and List of national independence days · See more »

List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa.

New!!: Independence and List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Africa · See more »

List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia.

New!!: Independence and List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Asia · See more »

List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe

The list below includes all entities falling even partially under any of the various common definitions of Europe, geographical or political.

New!!: Independence and List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Europe · See more »

List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania

This is a list of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania.

New!!: Independence and List of sovereign states and dependent territories in Oceania · See more »

List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas

This is an alphabetical list of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas.

New!!: Independence and List of sovereign states and dependent territories in the Americas · See more »

List of sovereign states by date of formation

Below is a list of sovereign states with the dates of their formation (date of their independence or of their constitution), sorted by continent.

New!!: Independence and List of sovereign states by date of formation · See more »

Lists of active separatist movements

Presented below is a list of lists of active, separatist movements.

New!!: Independence and Lists of active separatist movements · See more »

Napoleon

Napoléon Bonaparte (15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821) was a French statesman and military leader who rose to prominence during the French Revolution and led several successful campaigns during the French Revolutionary Wars.

New!!: Independence and Napoleon · See more »

Nation

A nation is a stable community of people, formed on the basis of a common language, territory, economic life, ethnicity or psychological make-up manifested in a common culture.

New!!: Independence and Nation · See more »

Niue

Niue (Niuean: Niuē) is an island country in the South Pacific Ocean, northeast of New Zealand, east of Tonga, south of Samoa, and west of the Cook Islands.

New!!: Independence and Niue · See more »

Oceania

Oceania is a geographic region comprising Melanesia, Micronesia, Polynesia and Australasia.

New!!: Independence and Oceania · See more »

Organization of American Historians

The Organization of American Historians (OAH), formerly known as the Mississippi Valley Historical Association, is the largest professional society dedicated to the teaching and study of American history.

New!!: Independence and Organization of American Historians · See more »

Ottoman Empire

The Ottoman Empire (دولت عليه عثمانیه,, literally The Exalted Ottoman State; Modern Turkish: Osmanlı İmparatorluğu or Osmanlı Devleti), also historically known in Western Europe as the Turkish Empire"The Ottoman Empire-also known in Europe as the Turkish Empire" or simply Turkey, was a state that controlled much of Southeast Europe, Western Asia and North Africa between the 14th and early 20th centuries.

New!!: Independence and Ottoman Empire · See more »

Physical geography

Physical geography (also known as geosystems or physiography) is one of the two major sub-fields of geography.

New!!: Independence and Physical geography · See more »

Protectorate

A protectorate, in its inception adopted by modern international law, is a dependent territory that has been granted local autonomy and some independence while still retaining the suzerainty of a greater sovereign state.

New!!: Independence and Protectorate · See more »

Public holiday

A public holiday, national holiday or legal holiday is a holiday generally established by law and is usually a non-working day during the year.

New!!: Independence and Public holiday · See more »

Revolution

In political science, a revolution (Latin: revolutio, "a turn around") is a fundamental and relatively sudden change in political power and political organization which occurs when the population revolt against the government, typically due to perceived oppression (political, social, economic).

New!!: Independence and Revolution · See more »

Scotland

Scotland (Alba) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and covers the northern third of the island of Great Britain.

New!!: Independence and Scotland · See more »

Secession

Secession (derived from the Latin term secessio) is the withdrawal of a group from a larger entity, especially a political entity, but also from any organization, union or military alliance.

New!!: Independence and Secession · See more »

Self-governance

Self-governance, self-government, or autonomy, is an abstract concept that applies to several scales of organization.

New!!: Independence and Self-governance · See more »

Serbia

Serbia (Србија / Srbija),Pannonian Rusyn: Сербия; Szerbia; Albanian and Romanian: Serbia; Slovak and Czech: Srbsko,; Сърбия.

New!!: Independence and Serbia · See more »

Sovereign state

A sovereign state is, in international law, a nonphysical juridical entity that is represented by one centralized government that has sovereignty over a geographic area.

New!!: Independence and Sovereign state · See more »

Sovereignty

Sovereignty is the full right and power of a governing body over itself, without any interference from outside sources or bodies.

New!!: Independence and Sovereignty · See more »

Spanish American wars of independence

The Spanish American wars of independence were the numerous wars against Spanish rule in Spanish America with the aim of political independence that took place during the early 19th century, after the French invasion of Spain during Europe's Napoleonic Wars.

New!!: Independence and Spanish American wars of independence · See more »

Special Committee on Decolonization

The Special Committee on Decolonization (its full official title being the Special Committee on the Situation with regard to the Implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples; also known as the U.N. Special Committee of the 24 on Decolonization, the Committee of 24, or simply, the Decolonization Committee) was created in 1961 by the General Assembly of the United Nations with the purpose of monitoring implementation of the Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples and to make recommendations on its application.

New!!: Independence and Special Committee on Decolonization · See more »

Taiwan

Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.

New!!: Independence and Taiwan · See more »

Territorial claims in Antarctica

Seven sovereign states maintain a territorial claim on eight territories in Antarctica.

New!!: Independence and Territorial claims in Antarctica · See more »

Transcaucasia

Transcaucasia (Закавказье), or the South Caucasus, is a geographical region in the vicinity of the southern Caucasus Mountains on the border of Eastern Europe and Western Asia.

New!!: Independence and Transcaucasia · See more »

Unilateral declaration of independence

A unilateral declaration of independence (UDI) is a formal process leading to the establishment of a new state by a subnational entity which declares itself independent and sovereign without a formal agreement with the national state from which it is seceding.

New!!: Independence and Unilateral declaration of independence · See more »

United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

New!!: Independence and United Kingdom · See more »

United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo

The United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK) is the officially mandated mission of the United Nations in Kosovo.

New!!: Independence and United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo · See more »

United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories

The United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories is a list of places that the United Nations General Assembly deems to be "non-self-governing" and subject to the decolonization process.

New!!: Independence and United Nations list of Non-Self-Governing Territories · See more »

United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

New!!: Independence and United States · See more »

United States Declaration of Independence

The United States Declaration of Independence is the statement adopted by the Second Continental Congress meeting at the Pennsylvania State House (now known as Independence Hall) in Philadelphia on July 4, 1776.

New!!: Independence and United States Declaration of Independence · See more »

Violence

Violence is defined by the World Health Organization as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation," although the group acknowledges that the inclusion of "the use of power" in its definition expands on the conventional understanding of the word.

New!!: Independence and Violence · See more »

War of independence

A war of independence or independence war is a conflict occurring over a territory that has declared independence.

New!!: Independence and War of independence · See more »

Wars of national liberation

Wars of national liberation or national liberation revolutions are conflicts fought by nations to gain independence.

New!!: Independence and Wars of national liberation · See more »

Western Asia

Western Asia, West Asia, Southwestern Asia or Southwest Asia is the westernmost subregion of Asia.

New!!: Independence and Western Asia · See more »

World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

New!!: Independence and World War I · See more »

2008 Kosovo declaration of independence

The 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence was adopted on 17 February 2008 by the Assembly of Kosovo.

New!!: Independence and 2008 Kosovo declaration of independence · See more »

Redirects here:

Indepence, Independance, Independence (politics), Independent (nation), Independent nation, Independent state, Nominal independence, Political independence, Say yes to independence.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Independence

OutgoingIncoming
Hey! We are on Facebook now! »