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Instant-runoff voting

Index Instant-runoff voting

Instant-runoff voting (IRV) is a voting method used in single-seat elections with more than two candidates. [1]

183 relations: Academy Award for Best Picture, Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences, Alternative Vote Plus, American Idol, Andrew Scheer, Ann Arbor, Michigan, Antony Green, Approval voting, Architect, Arkansas, Arrow's impossibility theorem, Austin Currie, Australia, Australian Broadcasting Corporation, Australian federal election, 1919, Australian federal election, 1990, Australian federal election, 2013, Australian House of Representatives, Australian Labor Party, Australian Senate, Billy Hughes, Bob Kiss, Borda count, Brian Lenihan Snr, Bullet voting, Burlington mayoral election, 2009, Burlington, Vermont, By-elections to the House of Lords, Canada, Cary, North Carolina, Coalition (Australia), Colony of Queensland, Condorcet criterion, Condorcet loser criterion, Condorcet method, Conservative Party (UK), Conservative Party of Canada, Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, 2004, Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, 2017, Consistency criterion, Contingent vote, Coombs' method, Corangamite by-election, 1918, Dáil constituencies, Donkey vote, Elections in the Republic of Ireland, Electoral college, Electoral reform in New Zealand, Electoral Reform Society, Electoral system, ..., Electoral system of Australia, Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories, Exhaustive ballot, FairVote, Fianna Fáil, Fine Gael, First-past-the-post voting, Functional constituency (Hong Kong), Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem, Green Party (Czech Republic), Green Party of the United States, Hare-Clark electoral system, Hendersonville, North Carolina, Hereditary peer, House of Commons of the United Kingdom, House of Representatives (Netherlands), Hugo Award, Hung parliament, Independence of clones criterion, Independence of irrelevant alternatives, Independence Party of Minnesota, Independent politician, Irish presidential election, Irish presidential election, 1990, Jenkins Commission (UK), Justin Trudeau, Labour Party (Ireland), Labour Party (UK), Later-no-harm criterion, Legislative Council of Hong Kong, Liberal Democrats (UK), Liberal Party of Australia, Liberal Party of Canada, List of Alberta general elections, List of British Columbia general elections, List of Irish by-elections, List of Manitoba general elections, List of municipalities in Ontario, List of political parties in Canada, London, Ontario, Lord Speaker, Maine, Maine Question 1, June 2018, Maine Supreme Judicial Court, Majority, Majority criterion, Mary Robinson, Mayor, Mayor of London, Member of parliament, Minneapolis, Mixed-member proportional representation, Monotonicity criterion, Mutual majority criterion, National Parliament of Papua New Guinea, National Party of Australia, New Democratic Party, New Zealand, New Zealand flag referendums, 2015–16, New Zealand House of Representatives, New Zealand voting system referendum, 2011, Nicolaus Tideman, None of the above, North Carolina, NOtoAV, Oakland Tribune, Oakland, California, Ontario, Optional preferential voting, Outline of democracy, Papua New Guinea, Parallel voting, Parliament of India, Participation criterion, Pierce County, Washington, Plural voting, Plurality voting, Popular referendum, Portland, Maine, Positional voting, President of India, President of Ireland, President of Sri Lanka, Proportional representation, Queensland colonial election, 1893, Range voting, Ranked Ballot Initiative of Toronto, Ranked voting, Resolvability criterion, Results of the United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011, Returning officer, Reversal symmetry, Riddick's Rules of Procedure, Robert's Rules of Order, Robson Rotation, Saint Paul, Minnesota, San Francisco, Single transferable vote, Sorting, South Carolina, Spoilt vote, Springfield, Illinois, Sri Lanka, State legislature, States and union territories of India, Stephen Harper, Strategic nomination, Swan by-election, 1918, Tactical voting, Tasmanian House of Assembly, Tasmanian state election, 1909, The Guardian, The London Free Press, The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure, Two-round system, United Kingdom, United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011, United Kingdom general election, 2010, United States, Vermont Democratic Party, Vermont Progressive Party, Vermont Republican Party, Vidhan Parishad, Vidhan Sabha, Vocational Panel, Vote splitting, Weighted voting, Wellington, Western Australia, Western Australian Legislative Assembly, Western Australian state election, 1908, William Robert Ware, Workers' Party of Ireland. Expand index (133 more) »

Academy Award for Best Picture

The Academy Award for Best Picture is one of the Academy Awards presented annually since the awards debuted in 1929, by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS).

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Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS (often pronounced as am-pas), also known as simply the Academy) is a professional honorary organization with the stated goal of advancing the arts and sciences of motion pictures.

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Alternative Vote Plus

The Alternative Vote Plus (AV+), or Alternative Vote Top-up, is a semi-proportional voting system.

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American Idol

American Idol is an American singing competition television series created by Simon Fuller, produced by FremantleMedia North America and 19 Entertainment, and distributed by FremantleMedia North America.

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Andrew Scheer

Andrew James Scheer (born May 20, 1979) is a Canadian politician serving as the Member of Parliament (MP) for the riding of Regina—Qu'Appelle since 2004 and as the Leader of the Conservative Party and Leader of the Official Opposition since 2017.

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Ann Arbor, Michigan

Ann Arbor is a city in the U.S. state of Michigan and the county seat of Washtenaw County.

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Antony Green

Antony John Green (born 2 March 1960) is an Australian psephologist and commentator.

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Approval voting

Approval voting is a single-winner electoral system where each voter may select ("approve") any number of candidates.

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Architect

An architect is a person who plans, designs, and reviews the construction of buildings.

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Arkansas

Arkansas is a state in the southeastern region of the United States, home to over 3 million people as of 2017.

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Arrow's impossibility theorem

In social choice theory, Arrow's impossibility theorem, the general possibility theorem or Arrow's paradox is an impossibility theorem stating that when voters have three or more distinct alternatives (options), no ranked voting electoral system can convert the ranked preferences of individuals into a community-wide (complete and transitive) ranking while also meeting a specified set of criteria: unrestricted domain, non-dictatorship, Pareto efficiency and independence of irrelevant alternatives.

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Austin Currie

Joseph Austin Currie (born 11 October 1939) is a former Irish Fine Gael politician who served as Minister of State for Justice from 1994 to 1997.

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Australia

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a sovereign country comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands.

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Australian Broadcasting Corporation

The Australian Broadcasting Corporation (ABC) founded in 1929 is Australia's national broadcaster, funded by the Australian Federal Government but specifically independent of Government and politics in the Commonwealth.

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Australian federal election, 1919

Federal elections were held in Australia on 13 December 1919.

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Australian federal election, 1990

Federal elections were held in Australia on 24 March 1990.

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Australian federal election, 2013

A federal election to determine the members of the 44th Parliament of Australia took place on 7 September 2013.

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Australian House of Representatives

The Australian House of Representatives is one of the two Houses (chambers) of the Parliament of Australia.

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Australian Labor Party

The Australian Labor Party (ALP, also Labor, was Labour before 1912) is a political party in Australia.

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Australian Senate

The Australian Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Parliament of Australia, the lower house being the House of Representatives.

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Billy Hughes

William Morris Hughes, (25 September 186228 October 1952) was an Australian politician who served as the seventh Prime Minister of Australia, in office from 1915 to 1923.

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Bob Kiss

Bob Kiss (born April 1, 1947) is a Vermont politician and former 39th Mayor of Burlington, Vermont.

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Borda count

The Borda count is a family of single-winner election methods in which voters rank options or candidates in order of preference.

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Brian Lenihan Snr

Brian Patrick Lenihan (17 November 1930 – 1 November 1995) was an Irish Fianna Fáil politician who served as Tánaiste from 1987 to 1990, Minister for Defence from 1989 to 1990, Minister for Agriculture from March 1982 to December 1982, Minister for Fisheries from 1977 to 1979, Minister for Foreign Affairs from 1987 to 1989, 1979 to 1981 and January 1973 to March 1973, Minister for Transport and Power from 1969 to 1973, Minister for Education from 1968 to 1969, Minister for Justice from 1964 to 1969, Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Justice and Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Lands from 1961 to 1964.

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Bullet voting

Bullet voting or single-shot voting is a tactic in which the voter only selects one candidate, despite the option to indicate a preference for other candidates.

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Burlington mayoral election, 2009

The city of Burlington, Vermont held a mayoral election on March 3, 2009, the second election since the city approved instant-runoff voting (IRV) for use in mayoral elections in 2005.

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Burlington, Vermont

Burlington is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Vermont and the seat of Chittenden County.

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By-elections to the House of Lords

Following the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999, the number of hereditary peers entitled to sit in the House of Lords was reduced to ninety-two.

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Canada

Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.

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Cary, North Carolina

Cary is the seventh-largest municipality in North Carolina.

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Coalition (Australia)

The Coalition (or Liberal–National Coalition) is an alliance of centre-right political parties that forms one of the two major groupings in Australian federal politics.

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Colony of Queensland

The Colony of Queensland was a colony of the British Empire from 1859 to 1901, when it became a State in the federal Commonwealth of Australia on 1 January 1901.

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Condorcet criterion

The Condorcet candidate (Condorcet winner) is the person who would win a two-candidate election against each of the other candidates in a plurality vote.

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Condorcet loser criterion

In single-winner voting system theory, the Condorcet loser criterion is a measure for differentiating voting systems.

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Condorcet method

A Condorcet method is an election method that elects the candidate that would win a majority of the vote in all of the head-to-head elections against each of the other candidates, whenever there is such a candidate.

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Conservative Party (UK)

The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom.

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Conservative Party of Canada

The Conservative Party of Canada (Parti conservateur du Canada), colloquially known as the Tories, is a political party in Canada.

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Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, 2004

The 2004 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election took place on March 20, 2004, in Toronto, Ontario, and resulted in the election of Stephen Harper as the first leader of the new Conservative Party of Canada.

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Conservative Party of Canada leadership election, 2017

The 2017 Conservative Party of Canada leadership election was held on May 27, 2017.

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Consistency criterion

A voting system is consistent if, whenever the electorate is divided (arbitrarily) into several parts and elections in those parts garner the same result, then an election of the entire electorate also garners that result.

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Contingent vote

The contingent vote is an electoral system used to elect a single winner, in which the voter ranks the candidates in order of preference.

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Coombs' method

Coombs' method (or the Coombs rule) is a ranked voting system created by Clyde Coombs used for single-winner elections.

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Corangamite by-election, 1918

A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Corangamite on 14 December 1918.

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Dáil constituencies

There are currently 40 multi-member constituencies, that democratically elect 158 TDs (members of parliament), to Dáil Éireann (Ireland's lower house), usually every five years.

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Donkey vote

A donkey vote is a ballot cast in an election that uses a preference voting system, where a voter is permitted or required to rank candidates on the ballot paper, and ranks them based on the order they appear on the ballot paper.

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Elections in the Republic of Ireland

In Ireland, direct elections by universal suffrage are used for the President, the ceremonial head of state; for Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas or parliament; for the European Parliament; and for local government.

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Electoral college

An electoral college is a set of electors who are selected to elect a candidate to a particular office.

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Electoral reform in New Zealand

Electoral reform in New Zealand has, in recent years, become a political issue as major changes have been made to both Parliamentary and local government electoral systems.

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Electoral Reform Society

The Electoral Reform Society (ERS) is a political pressure group based in the United Kingdom which promotes electoral reform.

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Electoral system

An electoral system is a set of rules that determines how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.

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Electoral system of Australia

The Australian electoral system comprises the laws and processes used for the election of members of the Australian Parliament.

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Electoral systems of the Australian states and territories

The legislatures of the Australian states and territories all follow the Westminster model described in the Australian electoral system.

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Exhaustive ballot

The exhaustive ballot is a voting system used to elect a single winner.

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FairVote

FairVote (formerly the Center for Voting and Democracy) is a 501(c)(3) organization that advocates electoral reform in the United States.

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Fianna Fáil

Fianna Fáil (meaning 'Soldiers of Destiny' or 'Warriors of Fál'), officially Fianna Fáil – The Republican Party (Fianna Fáil – An Páirtí Poblachtánach), is a political party in Ireland.

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Fine Gael

Fine Gael (English: Family or Tribe of the Irish) is a liberal-conservative and Christian democratic political party in Ireland.

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First-past-the-post voting

A first-past-the-post (FPTP) voting method is one in which voters indicate on a ballot the candidate of their choice, and the candidate who receives the most votes wins.

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Functional constituency (Hong Kong)

In the political systems of Hong Kong, a functional constituency is a professional or special interest group involved in the electoral process.

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Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem

In social choice theory, the Gibbard–Satterthwaite theorem is a result published independently by philosopher Allan Gibbard in 1973 and economist Mark Satterthwaite in 1975.

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Green Party (Czech Republic)

The Green Party (Strana zelených) is a political party in the Czech Republic.

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Green Party of the United States

The Green Party of the United States (GPUS) is a green federation of political parties in the United States.

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Hare-Clark electoral system

Hare-Clark is a type of single transferable vote electoral system of proportional representation used for elections in Tasmania and the Australian Capital Territory.

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Hendersonville, North Carolina

Hendersonville is a city in Henderson County, North Carolina, United States.

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Hereditary peer

The Hereditary peers form part of the peerage in the United Kingdom.

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House of Commons of the United Kingdom

The House of Commons is the lower house of the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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House of Representatives (Netherlands)

The House of Representatives (pronounced; commonly referred to as the, literally Second Chamber) is the lower house of the bicameral parliament of the Netherlands, the States General, the other one being the Senate.

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Hugo Award

The Hugo Awards are a set of literary awards given annually for the best science fiction or fantasy works and achievements of the previous year.

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Hung parliament

A hung parliament is a term used in legislatures under the Westminster system to describe a situation in which no particular political party or pre-existing coalition (also known as an alliance or bloc) has an absolute majority of legislators (commonly known as members or seats) in a parliament or other legislature.

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Independence of clones criterion

In voting systems theory, the independence of clones criterion measures an election method's robustness to strategic nomination.

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Independence of irrelevant alternatives

The independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA), also known as binary independence or the independence axiom, is an axiom of decision theory and various social sciences.

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Independence Party of Minnesota

The Independence Party of Minnesota (often abbreviated IPM, MNIP or IP), formerly the Reform Party of Minnesota, is a political party in the U.S. state of Minnesota.

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Independent politician

An independent or nonpartisan politician is an individual politician not affiliated with any political party.

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Irish presidential election

The Irish presidential election determines who serves as the President of Ireland; the head of state of Ireland.

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Irish presidential election, 1990

The Irish presidential election of 1990 was the tenth presidential election to be held in Ireland, and only the fifth to be contested by more than one candidate and the first to have a female candidate.

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Jenkins Commission (UK)

The Independent Commission on the Voting System, popularly known as the Jenkins Commission after its chairman Roy Jenkins, was a commission into possible reform of the United Kingdom electoral system.

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Justin Trudeau

Justin Pierre James Trudeau (born December 25, 1971) is a Canadian politician serving as the 23rd and current Prime Minister of Canada since 2015 and Leader of the Liberal Party since 2013.

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Labour Party (Ireland)

The Labour Party (Páirtí an Lucht Oibre) is a social-democratic political party in the Republic of Ireland.

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Labour Party (UK)

The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.

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Later-no-harm criterion

The later-no-harm criterion is a voting system criterion formulated by Douglas Woodall.

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Legislative Council of Hong Kong

The Legislative Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region (LegCo) is the unicameral parliamentary legislature of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region of the People's Republic of China.

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Liberal Democrats (UK)

The Liberal Democrats (often referred to as Lib Dems) are a liberal British political party, formed in 1988 as a merger of the Liberal Party and the Social Democratic Party (SDP), a splinter group from the Labour Party, which had formed the SDP–Liberal Alliance from 1981.

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Liberal Party of Australia

The Liberal Party of Australia is a major centre-right political party in Australia, one of the two major parties in Australian politics, along with the centre-left Australian Labor Party (ALP).

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Liberal Party of Canada

The Liberal Party of Canada (Parti libéral du Canada), colloquially known as the Grits, is the oldest federal political party in Canada.

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List of Alberta general elections

The Canadian province of Alberta holds elections to its unicameral legislative body, the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

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List of British Columbia general elections

Elections to the unicameral legislative body of the Canadian province of British Columbia, the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia, are held every four years.

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List of Irish by-elections

This is a list of all by-elections to Dáil Éireann, the lower house of the Oireachtas (Irish legislature), since 1923.

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List of Manitoba general elections

The Canadian province of Manitoba hold elections to its unicameral legislative body, the Legislative Assembly of Manitoba.

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List of municipalities in Ontario

Ontario is the most populous province in Canada with 13,448,494 residents as of 2016 and is third-largest in land area at.

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List of political parties in Canada

This article lists political parties in Canada.

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London, Ontario

London is a city in Southwestern Ontario, Canada along the Quebec City–Windsor Corridor.

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Lord Speaker

The Lord Speaker is the speaker of the House of Lords in the Parliament of the United Kingdom.

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Maine

Maine is a U.S. state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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Maine Question 1, June 2018

Maine Question 1 was a people's veto referendum that appeared on the June 12, 2018 statewide ballot.

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Maine Supreme Judicial Court

The Maine Supreme Judicial Court is the highest court in the state of Maine's judicial system.

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Majority

A majority is the greater part, or more than half, of the total.

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Majority criterion

The majority criterion is a single-winner voting system criterion, used to compare such systems.

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Mary Robinson

Mary Therese Winifred Robinson (née Bourke; Máire Bean Mhic Róibín; born 21 May 1944) is an Irish Independent politician who served as the 7th President of Ireland, she was the first female to hold this office.

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Mayor

In many countries, a mayor (from the Latin maior, meaning "bigger") is the highest-ranking official in a municipal government such as that of a city or a town.

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Mayor of London

The Mayor of London is the head of the executive body of the Greater London Authority.

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Member of parliament

A member of parliament (MP) is the representative of the voters to a parliament.

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Minneapolis

Minneapolis is the county seat of Hennepin County, and the larger of the Twin Cities, the 16th-largest metropolitan area in the United States.

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Mixed-member proportional representation

Mixed-member proportional (MMP) representation is a mixed electoral system in which voters get two votes: one to decide the representative for their single-seat constituency, and one for a political party.

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Monotonicity criterion

The monotonicity criterion is a voting system criterion used to evaluate both single and multiple winner ranked voting systems.

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Mutual majority criterion

The mutual majority criterion is a criterion used to compare voting systems.

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National Parliament of Papua New Guinea

The National Parliament of Papua New Guinea is the unicameral national legislature in Papua New Guinea.

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National Party of Australia

The National Party of Australia (also known as The Nationals or simply, The Nats) is an Australian political party.

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New Democratic Party

The New Democratic Party (NDP; Nouveau Parti démocratique, NPD) is a social democraticThe party is widely described as social democratic.

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New Zealand

New Zealand (Aotearoa) is a sovereign island country in the southwestern Pacific Ocean.

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New Zealand flag referendums, 2015–16

Two New Zealand flag referendums were held by the New Zealand government in November/December 2015 and March 2016 and resulted in the retention of the current flag of New Zealand.

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New Zealand House of Representatives

The New Zealand House of Representatives is a component of the New Zealand Parliament, along with the Sovereign (represented by the Governor-General).

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New Zealand voting system referendum, 2011

The New Zealand voting system referendum, 2011, was a referendum on whether to keep the existing mixed member proportional (MMP) voting system, or to change to another voting system, for electing Members of Parliament to New Zealand's House of Representatives.

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Nicolaus Tideman

Thorwald Nicolaus Tideman (not; born August 11, 1943 in Chicago, Illinois) is a Georgist economist and professor at Virginia Tech.

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None of the above

"None of the above", or NOTA for short, also known as "against all" or a "scratch" vote, is a ballot option in some jurisdictions or organizations, designed to allow the voter to indicate disapproval of all of the candidates in a voting system.

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North Carolina

North Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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NOtoAV

NOtoAV was a political campaign in the United Kingdom whose purpose was to persuade the public to vote against the Alternative Vote (AV) in the referendum on Thursday, 5 May 2011.

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Oakland Tribune

The Oakland Tribune was a daily newspaper published in Oakland, California, by the Bay Area News Group (BANG), a subsidiary of MediaNews Group.

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Oakland, California

Oakland is the largest city and the county seat of Alameda County, California, United States.

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Ontario

Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada.

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Optional preferential voting

Optional preferential voting (OPV) is a voting system under which voters may choose to mark a preference for one candidate (effectively voting as though it were a first-past-the-post election), all candidates or any number of candidates in between.

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Outline of democracy

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to democracy.

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Papua New Guinea

Papua New Guinea (PNG;,; Papua Niugini; Hiri Motu: Papua Niu Gini), officially the Independent State of Papua New Guinea, is an Oceanian country that occupies the eastern half of the island of New Guinea and its offshore islands in Melanesia, a region of the southwestern Pacific Ocean north of Australia.

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Parallel voting

Parallel voting describes a mixed electoral system where voters in effect participate in two separate elections for a single chamber using different systems, and where the results in one election have little or no impact on the results of the other.

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Parliament of India

The Parliament of India is the supreme legislative body of the Republic of India.

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Participation criterion

The participation criterion is a voting system criterion.

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Pierce County, Washington

Tacoma—seat of Pierce County Pierce County is a county in the U.S. state of Washington.

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Plural voting

Plural voting is the practice whereby one person might be able to vote multiple times in an election.

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Plurality voting

Plurality voting is an electoral system in which each voter is allowed to vote for only one candidate, and the candidate who polls the most among their counterparts (a plurality) is elected.

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Popular referendum

A popular referendum (also known, depending on jurisdiction, as citizens' veto, people's veto, veto referendum, citizen referendum, abrogative referendum, rejective referendum, suspensive referendum or statute referendum) Maija Setälä, is a type of a referendum that provides a means by which a petition signed by a certain minimum number of registered voters can force a public vote (plebiscite) on an existing statute, constitutional amendment, charter amendment or ordinance, or, in its minimal form, to simply oblige the executive or legislative bodies to consider the subject by submitting it to the order of the day.

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Portland, Maine

Portland is the most populous city in the U.S. state of Maine, with a population of 67,067 as of 2017.

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Positional voting

Positional voting is a ranked voting electoral system in which the options receive points based on their rank position on each ballot and the option with the most points overall wins.

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President of India

The President of the Republic of India is the head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces.

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President of Ireland

The President of Ireland (Uachtarán na hÉireann) is the head of state of the Republic of Ireland and the Supreme Commander of the Irish Defence Forces.

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President of Sri Lanka

The President of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka (ශ්‍රී ලංකා ජනාධිපති Śrī Laṃkā Janādhipathi; இலங்கை சனாதிபதி Ilankai janātipati) is the executive head of state and head of government of the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka and commander-in-chief of the Sri Lankan Armed Forces.

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Proportional representation

Proportional representation (PR) characterizes electoral systems by which divisions into an electorate are reflected proportionately into the elected body.

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Queensland colonial election, 1893

Elections were held in the Australian state of Queensland between 18 April 1893 and 25 May 1893 to elect the members of the state's Legislative Assembly.

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Range voting

Range voting or score voting is an electoral system for single-seat elections, in which voters give each candidate a score, the scores are added (or, equivalently, averaged), and the candidate with the highest total is elected.

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Ranked Ballot Initiative of Toronto

Ranked Ballot Initiative of Toronto (RaBIT) is a Canadian, grassroots, public policy and advocacy group that supports reforming the municipal electoral voting system in the city of Toronto from a first-past-the-post voting system to instant runoff voting.

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Ranked voting

Ranked voting describes certain voting systems in which voters rank outcomes in a hierarchy on the ordinal scale (ordinal voting systems).

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Resolvability criterion

Resolvability criterion can refer to any voting system criterion that ensures a low possibility of tie votes.

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Results of the United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011

In the United Kingdom, the Alternative Vote referendum also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was a referendum that took place on 5 May 2011, on whether to change the system for electing the House of Commons, the lower house of the national Parliament at Westminster.

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Returning officer

In various parliamentary systems, a returning officer is responsible for overseeing elections in one or more constituencies.

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Reversal symmetry

Reversal symmetry is a voting system criterion which requires that if candidate A is the unique winner, and each voter's individual preferences are inverted, then A must not be elected.

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Riddick's Rules of Procedure

Riddick's Rules of Procedure is a parliamentary authority - a book explaining the parliamentary procedure, including the rules, ethics, and customs governing meetings and other operations of the United States Senate.

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Robert's Rules of Order

Robert's Rules of Order Newly Revised, commonly referred to as Robert’s Rules of Order, RONR, or simply Robert’s Rules, is the most widely used manual of parliamentary procedure in the United States.

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Robson Rotation

Robson Rotation is a method of arranging the names of candidates on ballot papers in single transferable vote elections so as to eliminate any influence of the so-called "donkey vote".

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Saint Paul, Minnesota

Saint Paul (abbreviated St. Paul) is the capital and second-most populous city of the U.S. state of Minnesota.

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San Francisco

San Francisco (initials SF;, Spanish for 'Saint Francis'), officially the City and County of San Francisco, is the cultural, commercial, and financial center of Northern California.

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Single transferable vote

The single transferable vote (STV) is a voting system designed to achieve proportional representation through ranked voting in multi-seat organizations or constituencies (voting districts).

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Sorting

Sorting is any process of arranging items systematically, and has two common, yet distinct meanings.

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South Carolina

South Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Spoilt vote

In voting, a ballot is considered spoilt, spoiled, void, null, informal, invalid, or stray if a law declares or an election authority determines that it is invalid and thus not included in the vote count.

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Springfield, Illinois

Springfield is the capital of the U.S. state of Illinois and the county seat of Sangamon County.

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Sri Lanka

Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා; Tamil: இலங்கை Ilaṅkai), officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an island country in South Asia, located in the Indian Ocean to the southwest of the Bay of Bengal and to the southeast of the Arabian Sea.

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State legislature

A state legislature is a legislative branch or body of a political subdivision in a federal system.

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States and union territories of India

India is a federal union comprising 29 states and 7 union territories, for a total of 36 entities.

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Stephen Harper

Stephen Joseph Harper (born April 30, 1959) is a Canadian economist, entrepreneur, and retired politician who served as the 22nd Prime Minister of Canada, from February 6, 2006, to November 4, 2015.

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Strategic nomination

Strategic nomination is the manipulation of an election by its candidate set.

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Swan by-election, 1918

The 1918 Swan by-election was a by-election for the Division of Swan in the Australian House of Representatives, following the death of the sitting member Sir John Forrest.

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Tactical voting

In voting methods, tactical voting (or strategic voting or sophisticated voting or insincere voting) occurs, in elections with more than two candidates, when a voter supports another candidate more strongly than their sincere preference in order to prevent an undesirable outcome.

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Tasmanian House of Assembly

The House of Assembly, or Lower House, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Tasmania in Australia.

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Tasmanian state election, 1909

The 1909 Tasmanian state election was held on Friday, 30 April 1909 in the Australian state of Tasmania to elect 30 members of the Tasmanian House of Assembly.

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The Guardian

The Guardian is a British daily newspaper.

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The London Free Press

The London Free Press is a daily newspaper based in London, Ontario, Canada.

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The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure

The Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure (formerly the Sturgis Standard Code of Parliamentary Procedure by Alice Sturgis) is a book of rules of order.

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Two-round system

The two-round system (also known as the second ballot, runoff voting or ballotage) is a voting method used to elect a single winner, where the voter casts a single vote for their chosen candidate.

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United Kingdom

The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, commonly known as the United Kingdom (UK) or Britain,Usage is mixed with some organisations, including the and preferring to use Britain as shorthand for Great Britain is a sovereign country in western Europe.

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United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, 2011

The United Kingdom Alternative Vote referendum, also known as the UK-wide referendum on the Parliamentary voting system was held on Thursday 5 May 2011 (the same date as local elections in many areas) in the United Kingdom (UK) to choose the method of electing MPs at subsequent general elections as part of the Conservative – Liberal Democrat Coalition Agreement drawn up after the 2010 general election which had resulted in the first hung parliament since February 1974 and also indirectly in the aftermath of the 2009 expenses scandal under the provisions of the Parliamentary Voting System and Constituencies Act 2011 and was the first national referendum to be held under provisions laid out in the Political Parties, Elections and Referendums Act 2000.

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United Kingdom general election, 2010

The 2010 United Kingdom general election was held on Thursday, 6 May 2010, with 45,597,461 registered voters entitled to vote to elect members to the House of Commons.

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United States

The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.

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Vermont Democratic Party

The Vermont Democratic Party is the affiliate branch of the United States Democratic Party in the state of Vermont.

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Vermont Progressive Party

The Vermont Progressive Party is a political party in the United States founded in 1999 and active only in the state of Vermont.

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Vermont Republican Party

The Vermont Republican Party is the affiliate of the United States Republican Party in Vermont.

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Vidhan Parishad

Article 169 of the Constitution of India provides for the establishment of a Vidhan Parishad.

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Vidhan Sabha

The Vidhan Sabha the Legislative Assembly is the lower house (in states with bicameral) or the sole house (in unicameral states) of the state legislature in the different states of India.

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Vocational Panel

The Vocational Panels are one of three methods by which members are elected to Seanad Éireann, the upper house of the Oireachtas (parliament) of Ireland.

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Vote splitting

Vote splitting is an electoral effect in which the distribution of votes among multiple similar candidates reduces the chance of winning for any of the similar candidates, and increases the chance of winning for a dissimilar candidate.

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Weighted voting

Weighted voting is an electoral system in which not all voters have the same amount of influence over the outcome of an election.

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Wellington

Wellington (Te Whanganui-a-Tara) is the capital city and second most populous urban area of New Zealand, with residents.

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Western Australia

Western Australia (abbreviated as WA) is a state occupying the entire western third of Australia.

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Western Australian Legislative Assembly

The Western Australian Legislative Assembly, or lower house, is one of the two chambers of the Parliament of Western Australia, an Australian state.

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Western Australian state election, 1908

Elections were held in the Australian state of Western Australia in late 1908 to elect 50 members to the state's Legislative Assembly.

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William Robert Ware

William Robert Ware (27 May 1832 – 9 June 1915), born in Cambridge, Massachusetts into a family of the Unitarian clergy, was an American architect, author, and founder of two important American architectural schools.

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Workers' Party of Ireland

The Workers' Party (Páirtí na nOibrithe), originally known as Official Sinn Féin, is a Marxist–Leninist political party active throughout Ireland.

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Redirects here:

Alternative Transferable Vote, Alternative Vote, Alternative Vote System, Alternative vote, Alternative vote system, Alternative vote systems, Alternative voting, Alternative voting system, Controversies regarding instant-runoff voting, Controversies surrounding instant-runoff voting, Elimination runoff, Full-preferential voting, IRV, IRV voting, Instant Run-Off Voting, Instant Run-Off voting, Instant Runoff Voting, Instant run-off voting, Instant runoff, Instant runoff voting, Instant-Runoff Voting, Instant-runoff, Instant-runoff vote, Instant-runoff voting controversies, Instant‐runoff voting, Majority preferential voting, Majority-preferential voting, Opposition to IRV, Opposition to Instant Runoff Voting, Opposition to instant-runoff voting, Ranked Choice Voting, Ranked choice, Ranked choice voting, Ranked-Choice Voting, Ranked-choice, Ranked-choice voting, Transferable vote, Ware's method.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Instant-runoff_voting

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