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Jamaican Patois

Index Jamaican Patois

Jamaican Patois, known locally as Patois (Patwa or Patwah) and called Jamaican Creole by linguists, is an English-based creole language with West African influences (a majority of loan words of Akan origin) spoken primarily in Jamaica and the Jamaican diaspora; it is spoken by the majority of Jamaicans as a native language. [1]

135 relations: A Brief History of Seven Killings, Ackee, African-American Vernacular English, Akan language, Alison Donnell, Alveolar consonant, Approximant consonant, Arawakan languages, Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina, Asante dialect, Australian English, Batty boy, Belizean Creole, Birmingham, Bloody, Bocas del Toro Creole, Brad Pitt, British English, Callaloo, Cannabis (drug), Caribbean, Children's literature, Claude McKay, Code-switching, Colombia, Consonant, Costa Rica, Crayfish, Dal, Dancehall Queen, Dialect, Diphthong, Dub poetry, Duppy, English Standard Version, English-based creole languages, Escape to Last Man Peak, First language, Frederic G. Cassidy, Free variation, Fricative consonant, Genitive case, Glottal consonant, Gospel of Luke, Guinea, Guyanese Creole, Hartford, Connecticut, Hiberno-English, Hindi, Igbo language, ..., Igbo people, Implosive consonant, Irish language, Iyaric, Jamaica, Jamaican cuisine, Jamaican diaspora, Jamaican English, Jamaican literature, Jamaican Maroons, Jean D'Costa, Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im, Kamau Brathwaite, Labial consonant, Language, Languages of Africa, Lateral consonant, Lexifier, Limonese Creole, Linton Kwesi Johnson, Literary language, Loanword, London, Lord's Prayer, Louise Bennett-Coverley, Manchester, Marlon James (novelist), Meet Joe Black, Melicoccus bijugatus, Miami, Mikey Smith, Miskito Coast Creole, Mutual intelligibility, Nalo Hopkinson, Nasal consonant, Nation language, New York City, Nicaragua, Niger–Congo languages, Nottingham, Old Dutch, Old French, Palatal consonant, Palatalization (phonetics), Palm Pictures, Panama, Patois, Phoneme, Phonetics, Pickaninny, Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest, Portuguese language, Post-creole continuum, Postalveolar consonant, Profanity, Pronunciation, Rockers (1978 film), Romance copula, Roti, San Andrés–Providencia Creole, Science fiction, Scots language, Spanish language, Spoken language, Sprat Morrison, Sranan Tongo, Standard English, Stop consonant, The Harder They Come, Third World Cop, Thomas MacDermot, Tia Dalma, Toronto, Trinidadian Creole, Twi, University of the West Indies, Velar consonant, Vernacular, Vocabulary, Vowel, Vowel harmony, Washington, D.C., Wayne Gerard Trotman, West Africa, Yoruba language. Expand index (85 more) »

A Brief History of Seven Killings

A Brief History of Seven Killings is the third novel by Jamaican author Marlon James.

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Ackee

The ackee, also known as achee, ackee apple or ayee (Blighia sapida) is a fruit, which is the member of the Sapindaceae (soapberry family), as are the lychee and the longan.

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African-American Vernacular English

African-American Vernacular English (AAVE), known less precisely as Black Vernacular, Black English Vernacular (BEV), Black Vernacular English (BVE), or colloquially Ebonics (a controversial term), is the variety (dialect, ethnolect and sociolect) of English natively spoken by most working- and middle-class African Americans and some Black Canadians, particularly in urban communities.

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Akan language

Akan is a Central Tano language that is the principal native language of the Akan people of Ghana, spoken over much of the southern half of that country, by about 58% of the population, and among 30% of the population of Ivory Coast.

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Alison Donnell

Alison Donnell is an academic, originally from the United Kingdom.

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Alveolar consonant

Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth.

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Approximant consonant

Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.

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Arawakan languages

Arawakan (Arahuacan, Maipuran Arawakan, "mainstream" Arawakan, Arawakan proper), also known as Maipurean (also Maipuran, Maipureano, Maipúre), is a language family that developed among ancient indigenous peoples in South America.

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Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina

Archipelago of San Andrés, Providencia and Santa Catalina (Archipiélago de San Andrés, Providencia y Santa Catalina), or, in everyday language, San Andrés y Providencia, is one of the departments of Colombia.

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Asante dialect

Ashanti, Asante, or Asante Twi, is spoken by over 2.8 million Ashanti people.

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Australian English

Australian English (AuE, en-AU) is a major variety of the English language, used throughout Australia.

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Batty boy

In Jamaican Patois, batty boy (also batty bwoy, batty man, and chi chi bwoy/man) is a pejorative term often used to refer to a gay or effeminate man; however, it may more accurately be defined culturally as a man who has by some action or belief rejected societal norms of machismo and how the sexes (gender) interrelate.

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Belizean Creole

Belize Kriol (also Kriol or Belizean Creole) is an English-based creole language closely related to Miskito Coastal Creole, Jamaican Patois, San Andrés-Providencia Creole, Bocas del Toro Creole, Colón Creole, Rio Abajo Creole and Limón Coastal Creole.

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Birmingham

Birmingham is a city and metropolitan borough in the West Midlands, England, with an estimated population of 1,101,360, making it the second most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Bloody

Bloody is a commonly used expletive attributive (intensifier) in British English.

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Bocas del Toro Creole

Bocas del Toro Patois, or Panamanian Patois English, is a dialect of Jamaican Patois spoken in Bocas del Toro Province, Panama.

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Brad Pitt

William Bradley "Brad" Pitt (born December 18, 1963) is an American actor and film producer.

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British English

British English is the standard dialect of English language as spoken and written in the United Kingdom.

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Callaloo

Callaloo (sometimes calaloo or kallaloo) is a popular Caribbean dish originating in West Africa served in different variants across the Caribbean.

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Cannabis (drug)

Cannabis, also known as marijuana among other names, is a psychoactive drug from the ''Cannabis'' plant intended for medical or recreational use.

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Caribbean

The Caribbean is a region that consists of the Caribbean Sea, its islands (some surrounded by the Caribbean Sea and some bordering both the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean) and the surrounding coasts.

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Children's literature

Children's literature or juvenile literature includes stories, books, magazines, and poems that are enjoyed by children.

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Claude McKay

Festus Claudius "Claude" McKay (September 15, 1889 – May 22, 1948) was a Jamaican writer and poet, who was a seminal figure in the Harlem Renaissance.

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Code-switching

In linguistics, code-switching occurs when a speaker alternates between two or more languages, or language varieties, in the context of a single conversation.

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Colombia

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a sovereign state largely situated in the northwest of South America, with territories in Central America.

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Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.

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Costa Rica

Costa Rica ("Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica (República de Costa Rica), is a country in Central America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, Panama to the southeast, the Pacific Ocean to the west, the Caribbean Sea to the east, and Ecuador to the south of Cocos Island.

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Crayfish

Crayfish, also known as crawfish, crawdads, crawldads, freshwater lobsters, mountain lobsters, mudbugs or yabbies, are freshwater crustaceans resembling small lobsters, to which they are related; taxonomically, they are members of the superfamilies Astacoidea and Parastacoidea.

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Dal

Dal (also spelled daal, dail, dhal; pronunciation) is a term in the Indian subcontinent for dried, split pulses (that is, lentils, peas, and beans).

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Dancehall Queen

Dancehall Queen is a 1997 independent Jamaican film directed and written by Don Letts, starring Audrey Reid, who plays Marcia, a street vendor struggling to raise two daughters.

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Dialect

The term dialect (from Latin,, from the Ancient Greek word,, "discourse", from,, "through" and,, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.

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Diphthong

A diphthong (or; from Greek: δίφθογγος, diphthongos, literally "two sounds" or "two tones"), also known as a gliding vowel, is a combination of two adjacent vowel sounds within the same syllable.

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Dub poetry

Dub poetry is a form of performance poetry of West Indian origin, which evolved out of dub music in Kingston, Jamaica, in the 1970s,, Allmusic last on-line access in 9/17/2012.

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Duppy

Duppy is a word from Jamaican origin meaning ghost or spirit.

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English Standard Version

The English Standard Version (ESV) is an English translation of the Bible published in 2001 by Crossway.

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English-based creole languages

An English-based creole language (often shortened to English creole) is a creole language derived from the English language, for which English is the lexifier.

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Escape to Last Man Peak

Escape to Last Man Peak is a popular Jamaican novel written by Jamaican author Jean D'Costa.

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First language

A first language, native language or mother/father/parent tongue (also known as arterial language or L1) is a language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.

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Frederic G. Cassidy

Frederic G. Cassidy (October 10, 1907 – June 14, 2000) was a Professor of English at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, and founder of the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE) where he was also the chief editor from 1962 until his death.

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Free variation

Free variation in linguistics is the phenomenon of two (or more) sounds or forms appearing in the same environment without a change in meaning and without being considered incorrect by native speakers.

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Fricative consonant

Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

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Genitive case

In grammar, the genitive (abbreviated); also called the second case, is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun.

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Glottal consonant

Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation.

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Gospel of Luke

The Gospel According to Luke (Τὸ κατὰ Λουκᾶν εὐαγγέλιον, to kata Loukan evangelion), also called the Gospel of Luke, or simply Luke, is the third of the four canonical Gospels.

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Guinea

Guinea, officially the Republic of Guinea (République de Guinée), is a country on the western coast of Africa.

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Guyanese Creole

Guyanese Creole (Creolese by its speakers, or simply Guyanese) is an English-based creole language spoken by people in Guyana.

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Hartford, Connecticut

Hartford is the capital of the U.S. state of Connecticut.

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Hiberno-English

Hiberno‐English (from Latin Hibernia: "Ireland") or Irish English is the set of English dialects natively written and spoken within the island of Ireland (including both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland).

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Hindi

Hindi (Devanagari: हिन्दी, IAST: Hindī), or Modern Standard Hindi (Devanagari: मानक हिन्दी, IAST: Mānak Hindī) is a standardised and Sanskritised register of the Hindustani language.

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Igbo language

Igbo (Laurie Bauer, 2007, The Linguistics Student's Handbook, Edinburgh), is the principal native language of the Igbo people, an ethnic group of southeastern Nigeria.

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Igbo people

The Igbo people (also Ibo," formerly also Iboe, Ebo, Eboe, Eboans, Heebo; natively Ṇ́dị́ Ìgbò) are an ethnic group native to the present-day south-central and southeastern Nigeria.

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Implosive consonant

Implosive consonants are a group of stop consonants (and possibly also some affricates) with a mixed glottalic ingressive and pulmonic egressive airstream mechanism.

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Irish language

The Irish language (Gaeilge), also referred to as the Gaelic or the Irish Gaelic language, is a Goidelic language (Gaelic) of the Indo-European language family originating in Ireland and historically spoken by the Irish people.

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Iyaric

Iyaric, Livalect, Dread-talk or I-talk is a consciously created dialect of English in use among members of the Rastafari movement.

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Jamaica

Jamaica is an island country situated in the Caribbean Sea.

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Jamaican cuisine

Jamaican cuisine includes a mixture of cooking techniques, flavours, spices and influences from the indigenous people on the island of Jamaica, and the Spanish, Irish, British, Africans, Indian and Chinese who have inhabited the island.

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Jamaican diaspora

The Jamaican diaspora refers to the body of Jamaicans who have left the island of Jamaica, their dispersal and to a lesser extent the subsequent developments of their culture.

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Jamaican English

Jamaican English, which includes Jamaican Standard English, is a variety of English spoken in Jamaica.

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Jamaican literature

Jamaican literature is internationally renowned, with the island of Jamaica being the home or birthplace of many important authors.

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Jamaican Maroons

The Jamaican Maroons are descendants of maroons, Africans who escaped from slavery on the island of Jamaica and established free communities in the mountainous interior, primarily in the eastern parishes.

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Jean D'Costa

Jean Constance D'Costa (born 13 January 1937) is a Jamaican children's novelist, linguist, and professor emeritus.

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Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im

Jiizas: di Buk We Luuk Rait bout Im is a translation of the Gospel of Luke from the Biblical Greek into Jamaican Patois.

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Kamau Brathwaite

Edward Kamau Brathwaite (born 11 May 1930) is a Barbadian poet and academic, widely considered one of the major voices in the Caribbean literary canon.

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Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

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Language

Language is a system that consists of the development, acquisition, maintenance and use of complex systems of communication, particularly the human ability to do so; and a language is any specific example of such a system.

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Languages of Africa

The languages of Africa are divided into six major language families.

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Lateral consonant

A lateral is an l-like consonant in which the airstream proceeds along the sides of the tongue, but it is blocked by the tongue from going through the middle of the mouth.

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Lexifier

A lexifier is the dominant (superstrate) language of a particular pidgin or creole language that provides the basis for the majority of vocabulary.

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Limonese Creole

Limonese Creole (also called Limón Creole English or Mekatelyu) is a dialect of Jamaican Creole spoken in Limón Province on the Caribbean Sea coast of Costa Rica.

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Linton Kwesi Johnson

Linton Kwesi Johnson (aka LKJ, born 24 August 1952) is a Jamaican dub poet who has long been based in the UK.

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Literary language

A literary language is the form of a language used in the writing of the language.

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Loanword

A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word adopted from one language (the donor language) and incorporated into another language without translation.

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London

London is the capital and most populous city of England and the United Kingdom.

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Lord's Prayer

The Lord's Prayer (also called the Our Father, Pater Noster, or the Model Prayer) is a venerated Christian prayer which, according to the New Testament, Jesus taught as the way to pray: Two versions of this prayer are recorded in the gospels: a longer form within the Sermon on the Mount in the Gospel of Matthew, and a shorter form in the Gospel of Luke when "one of his disciples said to him, 'Lord, teach us to pray, as John taught his disciples.'" Lutheran theologian Harold Buls suggested that both were original, the Matthaen version spoken by Jesus early in his ministry in Galilee, and the Lucan version one year later, "very likely in Judea".

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Louise Bennett-Coverley

Louise Simone Bennett-Coverley or Miss Lou, OM, OJ, MBE (7 September 1919 – 26 July 2006), was a Jamaican poet, folklorist, writer, and educator.

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Manchester

Manchester is a city and metropolitan borough in Greater Manchester, England, with a population of 530,300.

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Marlon James (novelist)

Marlon James (born 24 November 1970) is a Jamaican writer.

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Meet Joe Black

Meet Joe Black is a 1998 American romantic fantasy film directed and produced by Martin Brest, and starring Brad Pitt, Anthony Hopkins, and Claire Forlani.

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Melicoccus bijugatus

Melicoccus bijugatus, commonly called Spanish lime, genip, guinep, genipe, ginepa, kenèp, quenepa, quenepe, chenet, canepa, mamón, limoncillo, skinip, kinnip, huaya, ackee, or mamoncillo, is a fruit-bearing tree in the soapberry family Sapindaceae, native or naturalized across the New World tropics including South and Central America, and parts of the Caribbean.

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Miami

Miami is a major port city on the Atlantic coast of south Florida in the southeastern United States.

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Mikey Smith

Michael Smith, usually referred to as Mikey Smith (14 September 1954 – 17 August 1983), was a Jamaican dub poet.

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Miskito Coast Creole

Mískito Coast Creole or Nicaragua Creole English is a language spoken in Nicaragua based on English.

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Mutual intelligibility

In linguistics, mutual intelligibility is a relationship between languages or dialects in which speakers of different but related varieties can readily understand each other without prior familiarity or special effort.

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Nalo Hopkinson

Nalo Hopkinson (born 20 December 1960) is a Jamaican-born Canadian speculative fiction writer and editor.

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Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

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Nation language

"Nation language" is the term coined by scholar and poet Kamau BrathwaiteMcArthur, Tom, In the words of Kamau Brathwaite, who is considered the authority of note on nation language and a key exemplar of its use: We in the Caribbean have a kind of plurality: we have English, which is the imposed language on much of the archipelago.

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New York City

The City of New York, often called New York City (NYC) or simply New York, is the most populous city in the United States.

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Nicaragua

Nicaragua, officially the Republic of Nicaragua, is the largest country in the Central American isthmus, bordered by Honduras to the north, the Caribbean to the east, Costa Rica to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west.

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Niger–Congo languages

The Niger–Congo languages constitute one of the world's major language families and Africa's largest in terms of geographical area, number of speakers and number of distinct languages.

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Nottingham

Nottingham is a city and unitary authority area in Nottinghamshire, England, north of London, in the East Midlands.

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Old Dutch

In linguistics, Old Dutch or Old Low Franconian is the set of Franconian dialects (i.e. dialects that evolved from Frankish) spoken in the Low Countries during the Early Middle Ages, from around the 5th to the 12th century.

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Old French

Old French (franceis, françois, romanz; Modern French: ancien français) was the language spoken in Northern France from the 8th century to the 14th century.

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Palatal consonant

Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).

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Palatalization (phonetics)

In phonetics, palatalization (also) or palatization refers to a way of pronouncing a consonant in which part of the tongue is moved close to the hard palate.

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Palm Pictures

Palm Pictures is a US-based entertainment company owned and run by Chris Blackwell.

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Panama

Panama (Panamá), officially the Republic of Panama (República de Panamá), is a country in Central America, bordered by Costa Rica to the west, Colombia to the southeast, the Caribbean Sea to the north and the Pacific Ocean to the south.

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Patois

Patois (pl. same or) is speech or language that is considered nonstandard, although the term is not formally defined in linguistics.

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Phoneme

A phoneme is one of the units of sound (or gesture in the case of sign languages, see chereme) that distinguish one word from another in a particular language.

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Phonetics

Phonetics (pronounced) is the branch of linguistics that studies the sounds of human speech, or—in the case of sign languages—the equivalent aspects of sign.

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Pickaninny

Pickaninny (also picaninny, piccaninny or pickinniny) is, in North American usage, a racial slur which refers to a depiction of dark-skinned children of African descent.

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Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest

Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest is a 2006 American fantasy swashbuckler film, the second installment of the ''Pirates of the Caribbean'' film series and the sequel to Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003).

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Portuguese language

Portuguese (português or, in full, língua portuguesa) is a Western Romance language originating from the regions of Galicia and northern Portugal in the 9th century.

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Post-creole continuum

A post-creole continuum or simply creole continuum is a dialect continuum of varieties of a creole language between those most and least similar to the superstrate language (that is, a closely related language whose speakers assert dominance of some sort).

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Postalveolar consonant

Postalveolar consonants (sometimes spelled post-alveolar) are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge, farther back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself but not as far back as the hard palate, the place of articulation for palatal consonants.

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Profanity

Profanity is socially offensive language, which may also be called swear words, curse words, cuss words, bad language, strong language, offensive language, crude language, coarse language, foul language, bad words, oaths, blasphemous language, vulgar language, lewd language, choice words, or expletives.

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Pronunciation

Pronunciation is the way in which a word or a language is spoken.

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Rockers (1978 film)

Rockers is a 1978 Jamaican film by Theodoros Bafaloukos.

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Romance copula

A copula is a word that links the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement).

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Roti

Roti (also known as chapati) is a flatbread native to the Indian subcontinent made from stoneground wholemeal flour, traditionally known as atta, and water that is combined into a dough.

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San Andrés–Providencia Creole

San Andrés–Providencia creole is an English-based creole language spoken in the San Andrés and Providencia Department of Colombia by the natives (the Raizal ethnic group), very similar to Belize Kriol and Miskito Coastal Creole.

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Science fiction

Science fiction (often shortened to Sci-Fi or SF) is a genre of speculative fiction, typically dealing with imaginative concepts such as advanced science and technology, spaceflight, time travel, and extraterrestrial life.

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Scots language

Scots is the Germanic language variety spoken in Lowland Scotland and parts of Ulster (where the local dialect is known as Ulster Scots).

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Spanish language

Spanish or Castilian, is a Western Romance language that originated in the Castile region of Spain and today has hundreds of millions of native speakers in Latin America and Spain.

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Spoken language

A spoken language is a language produced by articulate sounds, as opposed to a written language.

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Sprat Morrison

Sprat Morrison is a 1972 children's book, and the first novel written by Jamaican author Jean D'Costa.

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Sranan Tongo

Sranan Tongo (also Sranantongo "Surinamese tongue", Sranan, Surinaams, Surinamese, Surinamese Creole, Taki Taki) is an English-based creole language that is spoken as a lingua franca by approximately 500,000 people in Suriname.

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Standard English

Standard English (SE) is the variety of English language that is used as the national norm in an English-speaking country, especially as the language for public and formal usage.

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Stop consonant

In phonetics, a stop, also known as a plosive or oral occlusive, is a consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

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The Harder They Come

The Harder They Come is a 1972 Jamaican crime film directed by Perry Henzell and co-written by Trevor D. Rhone, and starring Jimmy Cliff.

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Third World Cop

Third World Cop is a 1999 Jamaican action-crime film starring Paul Campbell, directed by Chris Browne and produced by Chris Blackwell of Island Jamaica Films.

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Thomas MacDermot

Thomas MacDermot (26 June 1870 – 8 October 1933) was a Jamaican poet, novelist, and editor, editing the Jamaica Times for more than 20 years.

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Tia Dalma

Tia Dalma, played by Naomie Harris, is a fictional character from the films Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End.

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Toronto

Toronto is the capital city of the province of Ontario and the largest city in Canada by population, with 2,731,571 residents in 2016.

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Trinidadian Creole

Trinidadian English Creole is a creole language commonly spoken throughout the island of Trinidad in Trinidad and Tobago.

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Twi

Twi (pronounced, or Akan Kasa) is a dialect of the Akan language spoken in southern and central Ghana by about 6–9 million Ashanti people as a first and second language.

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University of the West Indies

The University of the West Indies (UWI), originally University College of the West Indies, is a public university system established to serve the higher education needs of the residents of 18 English-speaking countries and territories in the Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, The Bahamas, Barbados, Belize, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Dominica, Grenada, Guyana, Jamaica, Montserrat, St. Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, and Turks and Caicos Islands.

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Velar consonant

Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (known also as the velum).

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Vernacular

A vernacular, or vernacular language, is the language or variety of a language used in everyday life by the common people of a specific population.

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Vocabulary

A vocabulary is a set of familiar words within a person's language.

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Vowel

A vowel is one of the two principal classes of speech sound, the other being a consonant.

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Vowel harmony

Vowel harmony is a type of long-distance assimilatory phonological process involving vowels that occurs in some languages.

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Washington, D.C.

Washington, D.C., formally the District of Columbia and commonly referred to as Washington or D.C., is the capital of the United States of America.

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Wayne Gerard Trotman

Wayne Gerard Lionel Trotman (born 16 May 1964, San Fernando, Trinidad), is a British independent filmmaker, writer, photographer, composer and producer of electronic music.

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West Africa

West Africa, also called Western Africa and the West of Africa, is the westernmost region of Africa.

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Yoruba language

Yoruba (Yor. èdè Yorùbá) is a language spoken in West Africa.

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Redirects here:

ISO 639:jam, Jamaican (language), Jamaican Creole, Jamaican Creole English, Jamaican Creole English language, Jamaican Creole language, Jamaican English Creole, Jamaican Patois language, Jamaican creole, Jamaican language, Jamaican patois, Jamaican patwa, Jumiekan, Patois language, Southwestern Caribbean Creole English.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_Patois

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