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59 relations: Arabic, Beijing, Buddhism, Chen Yinke, Chiang Kai-shek, China, China Daily, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Chinese language, Classical language, Cultural Revolution, English language, Ernst Waldschmidt, Eurocentrism, French language, German language, Historian, Hu Shih, India, Indology, Ji (surname 季), Jin Kemu, Jinan, Khaki, Languages of India, Languages of Yugoslavia, Linguistics, Linqing, Manmohan Singh, Myocardial infarction, Nanjing, Nie Yuanzi, Padma Bhushan, Palaeography, Pali, Peking University, Qing dynasty, Ramayana, Russian language, Salon (website), Sanskrit, Shandong, Shandong University, SOAS, University of London, Sucrose, Tang Yijie, The New York Review of Books, The Times of India, Tocharian languages, ..., Tocharians, Tsinghua University, University of Göttingen, University of London, Wen Jiabao, Western literature, Writer, Yanqi Hui Autonomous County, 301 Hospital. Expand index (9 more) »
Arabic
Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.
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Beijing
Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Chen Yinke
Chen Yinke, or Chen Yinque (3 July 18907 October 1969), was a Chinese historian, scholar, and fellow of Academia Sinica, considered one of the most original and creative historians in 20th century China.
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Chiang Kai-shek
Chiang Kai-shek (31 October 1887 – 5 April 1975), also romanized as Chiang Chieh-shih or Jiang Jieshi and known as Chiang Chungcheng, was a political and military leader who served as the leader of the Republic of China between 1928 and 1975, first in mainland China until 1949 and then in exile in Taiwan.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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China Daily
China Daily is an English-language daily newspaper published in the People's Republic of China.
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Chinese Academy of Sciences
The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), with historical origins in the Academia Sinica during the Republic of China era, is the national academy for the natural sciences of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
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Chinese Academy of Social Sciences
The Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS), with historical origins in the Academia Sinica during the Republic of China era, is the premier and the most comprehensive academic research organization and national center in the People's Republic of China for study in the fields of philosophy and social sciences, with the obligation of advancing and innovating in the scientific researches of philosophy, social sciences and policies.
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Chinese language
Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
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Classical language
A classical language is a language with a literature that is classical.
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Cultural Revolution
The Cultural Revolution, formally the Great Proletarian Cultural Revolution, was a sociopolitical movement in China from 1966 until 1976.
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English language
English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.
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Ernst Waldschmidt
Ernst Waldschmidt (July 15, 1897, Lünen, Province of Westphalia – February 25, 1985, Göttingen) was a German orientalist and Indologist.
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Eurocentrism
Eurocentrism (also Western-centrism) is a worldview centered on and biased towards Western civilization.
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French language
French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
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German language
German (Deutsch) is a West Germanic language that is mainly spoken in Central Europe.
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Historian
A historian is a person who studies and writes about the past, and is regarded as an authority on it.
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Hu Shih
Hu Shih (17 December 1891 – 24 February 1962) was a Chinese philosopher, essayist and diplomat.
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India
India (IAST), also called the Republic of India (IAST), is a country in South Asia.
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Indology
Indology or South Asian studies is the academic study of the history and cultures, languages, and literature of India and as such is a subset of Asian studies.
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Ji (surname 季)
Jì is the Mandarin pinyin romanization of the Chinese surname written in Chinese character.
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Jin Kemu
Jin Kemu (1912–2000) is a Chinese poet, scholar, translator and essay writer, professor of Beijing University.
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Jinan
Jinan, formerly romanized as Tsinan, is the capital of Shandong province in Eastern China.
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Khaki
Khaki (Canada and) is a color, a light shade of yellow-brown.
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Languages of India
Languages spoken in India belong to several language families, the major ones being the Indo-Aryan languages spoken by 76.5% of Indians and the Dravidian languages spoken by 20.5% of Indians.
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Languages of Yugoslavia
This is a list of the languages of the former country of Yugoslavia.
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Linguistics
Linguistics is the scientific study of language, and involves an analysis of language form, language meaning, and language in context.
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Linqing
Linqing is a county-level city under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Liaocheng in western Shandong Province, China.
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Manmohan Singh
Manmohan Singh (born 26 September 1932) is an Indian economist and politician who served as the Prime Minister of India from 2004 to 2014.
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Myocardial infarction
Myocardial infarction (MI), commonly known as a heart attack, occurs when blood flow decreases or stops to a part of the heart, causing damage to the heart muscle.
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Nanjing
Nanjing, formerly romanized as Nanking and Nankin, is the capital of Jiangsu province of the People's Republic of China and the second largest city in the East China region, with an administrative area of and a total population of 8,270,500.
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Nie Yuanzi
Nie Yuanzi (born 5 April 1921) is a Chinese academic who taught philosophy at Peking University.
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Padma Bhushan
The Padma Bhushan is the third-highest civilian award in the Republic of India, preceded by the Bharat Ratna and the Padma Vibhushan and followed by the Padma Shri.
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Palaeography
Palaeography (UK) or paleography (US; ultimately from παλαιός, palaiós, "old", and γράφειν, graphein, "to write") is the study of ancient and historical handwriting (that is to say, of the forms and processes of writing, not the textual content of documents).
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Pali
Pali, or Magadhan, is a Middle Indo-Aryan language native to the Indian subcontinent.
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Peking University
Peking University (abbreviated PKU or Beida; Chinese: 北京大学, pinyin: běi jīng dà xué) is a major Chinese research university located in Beijing and a member of the C9 League.
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Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.
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Ramayana
Ramayana (रामायणम्) is an ancient Indian epic poem which narrates the struggle of the divine prince Rama to rescue his wife Sita from the demon king Ravana.
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Russian language
Russian (rússkiy yazýk) is an East Slavic language, which is official in Russia, Belarus, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, as well as being widely spoken throughout Eastern Europe, the Baltic states, the Caucasus and Central Asia.
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Salon (website)
Salon is an American news and opinion website, created by David Talbot in 1995 and currently owned by the Salon Media Group.
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Sanskrit
Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.
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Shandong
Shandong (formerly romanized as Shantung) is a coastal province of the People's Republic of China, and is part of the East China region.
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Shandong University
Shandong University (abbreviated as Shanda,, English acronym SDU) is a public comprehensive university in Shandong, China.
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SOAS, University of London
SOAS University of London (the School of Oriental and African Studies), is a public research university in London, England, and a constituent college of the federal University of London.
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Sucrose
Sucrose is common table sugar.
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Tang Yijie
Tang Yijie (16 February 1927 − 9 September 2014) was a Chinese scholar and professor at Peking University, who has been described as China's top scholar on philosophy and Chinese studies.
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The New York Review of Books
The New York Review of Books (or NYREV or NYRB) is a semi-monthly magazine with articles on literature, culture, economics, science and current affairs.
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The Times of India
The Times of India (TOI) is an Indian English-language daily newspaper owned by The Times Group.
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Tocharian languages
Tocharian, also spelled Tokharian, is an extinct branch of the Indo-European language family.
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Tocharians
The Tocharians or Tokharians were Indo-European peoples who inhabited the medieval oasis city-states on the northern edge of the Tarim Basin (modern Xinjiang, China) in ancient times.
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Tsinghua University
Tsinghua University (abbreviated THU;; also romanized as Qinghua) is a major research university in Beijing, China and a member of the elite C9 League of Chinese universities.
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University of Göttingen
The University of Göttingen (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen, GAU, known informally as Georgia Augusta) is a public research university in the city of Göttingen, Germany.
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University of London
The University of London (abbreviated as Lond. or more rarely Londin. in post-nominals) is a collegiate and a federal research university located in London, England.
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Wen Jiabao
Wen Jiabao (born 15 September 1942) was the sixth Premier of the State Council of the People's Republic of China, serving as China's head of government for a decade between 2003 and 2013.
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Western literature
Western literature, also known as European literature, is the literature written in the context of Western culture in the languages of Europe, including the ones belonging to the Indo-European language family as well as several geographically or historically related languages such as Basque and Hungarian.
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Writer
A writer is a person who uses written words in various styles and techniques to communicate their ideas.
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Yanqi Hui Autonomous County
Yanqi Hui Autonomous County (Xiao'erjing: یًاٿِ خُوِذُو ذِجِشِیًا) is an autonomous county in the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region and is under the administration of the Bayin'gholin Mongol Autonomous Prefecture.
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301 Hospital
The 301 Hospital or People's Liberation Army General Hospital, which constitutes simultaneously the PLA Postgraduate Medical School, located in Beijing, China, is a military hospital directly subsidiary to Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission and the largest general hospital under the auspices of the People's Liberation Army.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ji_Xianlin
