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Juvenile delinquency

Index Juvenile delinquency

Juvenile delinquency, also known as "juvenile offending", is participation in illegal behavior by minors (juveniles, i.e. individuals younger than the statutory age of majority). [1]

108 relations: Adult, Age of majority, Aggression, Anti-social behaviour, Anti-social behaviour order, Antisocial personality disorder, Anxiety, Arab states of the Persian Gulf, Arrest, Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, Banchō (position), Behavior, Birth control, Brain, Child abuse, Child development stages, Child sexual abuse, Childhood, Cognition, Conduct disorder, Crime, Criminal justice, Criminology, Culture, David Morgan (psychoanalyst), Determinism, Deviance (sociology), Diagnosis, Differential association, Discipline, Education, Empathy, Enabling, Family planning, Free will, Geoffrey Canada, Gratification, Homosexuality, If I Could Turn Back Time, Impulsivity, Imputation (statistics), Individual, Institutionalisation, Intelligence, Juvenile court, Juvenile delinquency in the United States, Kazan phenomenon, Labeling theory, Legal separation, List of national legal systems, ..., Marriage, Minor (law), Missouri, Moral responsibility, New Hampshire, New York (state), North Carolina, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, Oppositional defiant disorder, Parental supervision, Parenting styles, Pedophilia, Peer group, Person in need of supervision, Personality psychology, Positivist school (criminology), Poverty, Predation, Property crime, Psychopathy, Punishment, Rape, Rational choice theory (criminology), Rationality, Reductionism, Robert K. Merton, Role, School, Self-control, Serotonin, Sex offender, Sex offender registries in the United States, Sexual predator, Sibling, Single parent, Social control theory, Social rejection, Socialization, Society, Socioeconomic status, Sociology of Education (journal), Status offense, Statute, Strain theory (sociology), Stupidity, Sukeban, Suspect, Teen court, Texas, Truancy, Unintended pregnancy, Victimology, Violence, Violent crime, Working class, Young offender, Youth detention center, Zero tolerance. Expand index (58 more) »

Adult

Biologically, an adult is a human or other organism that has reached sexual maturity.

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Age of majority

The age of majority is the threshold of adulthood as recognized or declared in law.

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Aggression

Aggression is overt, often harmful, social interaction with the intention of inflicting damage or other unpleasantness upon another individual.

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Anti-social behaviour

Anti-social behaviours are actions that harm or lack consideration for the well-being of others.

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Anti-social behaviour order

An anti-social behaviour order (ASBO) was a civil order made in the United Kingdom against a person who had been shown, on the balance of evidence, to have engaged in anti-social behaviour.

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Antisocial personality disorder

Antisocial personality disorder (ASPD or APD) is a personality disorder characterized by a long term pattern of disregard for, or violation of, the rights of others.

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Anxiety

Anxiety is an emotion characterized by an unpleasant state of inner turmoil, often accompanied by nervous behaviour such as pacing back and forth, somatic complaints, and rumination.

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Arab states of the Persian Gulf

The Arab states of the Persian Gulf are the seven Arab states which border the Persian Gulf, namely Bahrain, Iraq, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates (UAE).

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Arrest

An arrest is the act of apprehending a person and taking them into custody, usually because they have been suspected of committing or planning a crime.

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a mental disorder of the neurodevelopmental type.

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Banchō (position)

may refer to either a governmental position during the Ritsuryō period, or the leader of a group of delinquents.

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Behavior

Behavior (American English) or behaviour (Commonwealth English) is the range of actions and mannerisms made by individuals, organisms, systems, or artificial entities in conjunction with themselves or their environment, which includes the other systems or organisms around as well as the (inanimate) physical environment.

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Birth control

Birth control, also known as contraception and fertility control, is a method or device used to prevent pregnancy.

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Brain

The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.

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Child abuse

Child abuse or child maltreatment is physical, sexual, or psychological maltreatment or neglect of a child or children, especially by a parent or other caregiver.

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Child development stages

Child development stages are the theoretical milestones of child development, some of which are asserted in nativist theories.

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Child sexual abuse

Child sexual abuse, also called child molestation, is a form of child abuse in which an adult or older adolescent uses a child for sexual stimulation.

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Childhood

Childhood is the age span ranging from birth to adolescence.

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Cognition

Cognition is "the mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses".

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Conduct disorder

Conduct disorder (CD) is a mental disorder diagnosed in childhood or adolescence that presents itself through a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate norms are violated.

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Crime

In ordinary language, a crime is an unlawful act punishable by a state or other authority.

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Criminal justice

Criminal justice is the delivery of justice to those who have committed crimes.

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Criminology

Criminology (from Latin crīmen, "accusation" originally derived from the Ancient Greek verb "krino" "κρίνω", and Ancient Greek -λογία, -logy|-logia, from "logos" meaning: “word,” “reason,” or “plan”) is the scientific study of the nature, extent, management, causes, control, consequences, and prevention of criminal behavior, both on the individual and social levels.

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Culture

Culture is the social behavior and norms found in human societies.

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David Morgan (psychoanalyst)

David Howell Morgan (BAHons D.Clin.Psych. FBPAS FPBPA SMBPF. Training Analyst Supervisor IPA. AMBPS. MBPC) is a psychoanalyst and consultant psychotherapist who has worked at the Portman Clinic London for 25 years.

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Determinism

Determinism is the philosophical theory that all events, including moral choices, are completely determined by previously existing causes.

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Deviance (sociology)

In sociology, deviance describes an action or behavior that violates social norms, including a formally enacted rule (e.g., crime), as well as informal violations of social norms (e.g., rejecting folkways and mores).

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Diagnosis

Diagnosis is the identification of the nature and cause of a certain phenomenon.

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Differential association

In criminology, differential association is a theory developed by Edwin Sutherland proposing that through interaction with others, individuals learn the values, attitudes, techniques, and motives for criminal behavior.

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Discipline

Discipline is action or inaction that is regulated to be in accordance (or to achieve accord) with a system of governance.

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Education

Education is the process of facilitating learning, or the acquisition of knowledge, skills, values, beliefs, and habits.

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Empathy

Empathy is the capacity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within their frame of reference, i.e., the capacity to place oneself in another's position.

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Enabling

In psychotherapy and mental health, enabling has a positive sense of empowering individuals, or a negative sense of encouraging dysfunctional behavior.

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Family planning

Family planning services are defined as "educational, comprehensive medical or social activities which enable individuals, including minors, to determine freely the number and spacing of their children and to select the means by which this may be achieved".

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Free will

Free will is the ability to choose between different possible courses of action unimpeded.

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Geoffrey Canada

Geoffrey Canada (born January 13, 1952) is an American educator, social activist and author.

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Gratification

Gratification is the pleasurable emotional reaction of happiness in response to a fulfillment of a desire or goal.

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Homosexuality

Homosexuality is romantic attraction, sexual attraction or sexual behavior between members of the same sex or gender.

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If I Could Turn Back Time

"If I Could Turn Back Time" is a song recorded by American singer and actress Cher for her nineteenth studio album Heart of Stone (1989).

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Impulsivity

In psychology, impulsivity (or impulsiveness) is a tendency to act on a whim, displaying behavior characterized by little or no forethought, reflection, or consideration of the consequences.

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Imputation (statistics)

In statistics, imputation is the process of replacing missing data with substituted values.

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Individual

An individual is that which exists as a distinct entity.

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Institutionalisation

Institutionalisation (or institutionalization) refers to the process of embedding some conception (for example a belief, norm, social role, particular value or mode of behavior) within an organization, social system, or society as a whole.

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Intelligence

Intelligence has been defined in many different ways to include the capacity for logic, understanding, self-awareness, learning, emotional knowledge, reasoning, planning, creativity, and problem solving.

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Juvenile court

A juvenile court (or young offender's court) is a tribunal having special authority to pass judgements for crimes that are committed by children or adolescents who have not attained the age of majority.

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Juvenile delinquency in the United States

This page is primarily concerned with juvenile delinquency in the United States..For information on juvenile delinquency in general, see juvenile delinquency.

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Kazan phenomenon

The Kazan phenomenon (Казанский феномен) was a term used by journalists to describe the rise in street gang activity in the city of Kazan in the RSFSR and later, the Russian Federation.

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Labeling theory

Labeling theory is the theory of how the self-identity and behavior of individuals may be determined or influenced by the terms used to describe or classify them.

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Legal separation

Legal separation (sometimes judicial separation, separate maintenance, divorce a mensa et thoro, or divorce from bed-and-board) is a legal process by which a married couple may formalize a de facto separation while remaining legally married.

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List of national legal systems

The contemporary legal systems of the world are generally based on one of four basic systems: civil law, common law, statutory law, religious law or combinations of these.

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Marriage

Marriage, also called matrimony or wedlock, is a socially or ritually recognised union between spouses that establishes rights and obligations between those spouses, as well as between them and any resulting biological or adopted children and affinity (in-laws and other family through marriage).

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Minor (law)

In law, a minor is a person under a certain age, usually the age of majority, which legally demarcates childhood from adulthood.

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Missouri

Missouri is a state in the Midwestern United States.

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Moral responsibility

In philosophy, moral responsibility is the status of morally deserving praise, blame, reward, or punishment for an act or omission, in accordance with one's moral obligations.

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New Hampshire

New Hampshire is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States.

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New York (state)

New York is a state in the northeastern United States.

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North Carolina

North Carolina is a U.S. state in the southeastern region of the United States.

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Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention

The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (OJJDP) is an office of the United States Department of Justice and a component of the Office of Justice Programs.

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Oppositional defiant disorder

Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is defined by the DSM-5 as "a pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness" in children and adolescents.

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Parental supervision

Parental supervision (also adult supervision) is a parenting technique that involves looking after, or monitoring a child's activities.

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Parenting styles

A parenting style is a psychological construct representing standard strategies that parents use in their child rearing.

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Pedophilia

Pedophilia, or paedophilia, is a psychiatric disorder in which an adult or older adolescent experiences a primary or exclusive sexual attraction to prepubescent children.

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Peer group

In sociology, a peer group is both a social group and a primary group of people who have similar interests (homophily), age, background, or social status.

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Person in need of supervision

A person in need of supervision (PINS) is a term frequently used by social services agencies in the United States to describe a juvenile who is not currently in the household of a parent or legal guardian, or is currently not under their control as evidenced by the person's status offense, who is not an emancipated minor.

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Personality psychology

Personality psychology is a branch of psychology that studies personality and its variation among individuals.

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Positivist school (criminology)

In criminology, the Positivist School has attempted to find scientific objectivity for the measurement and quantification of criminal behavior.

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Poverty

Poverty is the scarcity or the lack of a certain (variant) amount of material possessions or money.

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Predation

Predation is a biological interaction where a predator (a hunting animal) kills and eats its prey (the organism that is attacked).

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Property crime

Property crime is a category of crime that includes, among other crimes, burglary, larceny, theft, motor vehicle theft, arson, shoplifting, and vandalism.

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Psychopathy

Psychopathy, sometimes considered synonymous with sociopathy, is traditionally defined as a personality disorder characterized by persistent antisocial behavior, impaired empathy and remorse, and bold, disinhibited, and egotistical traits.

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Punishment

A punishment is the imposition of an undesirable or unpleasant outcome upon a group or individual, meted out by an authority—in contexts ranging from child discipline to criminal law—as a response and deterrent to a particular action or behaviour that is deemed undesirable or unacceptable.

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Rape

Rape is a type of sexual assault usually involving sexual intercourse or other forms of sexual penetration carried out against a person without that person's consent.

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Rational choice theory (criminology)

In criminology, rational choice theory adopts a utilitarian belief that man is a reasoning actor who weighs means and ends, costs and benefits, and makes a rational choice.

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Rationality

Rationality is the quality or state of being rational – that is, being based on or agreeable to reason.

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Reductionism

Reductionism is any of several related philosophical ideas regarding the associations between phenomena which can be described in terms of other simpler or more fundamental phenomena.

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Robert K. Merton

Robert King Merton (born Meyer Robert Schkolnick; 5 July 1910 – 23 February 2003) was an American sociologist.

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Role

A role (also rôle or social role) is a set of connected behaviors, rights, obligations, beliefs, and norms as conceptualized by people in a social situation.

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School

A school is an institution designed to provide learning spaces and learning environments for the teaching of students (or "pupils") under the direction of teachers.

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Self-control

Self-control, an aspect of inhibitory control, is the ability to regulate one's emotions, thoughts, and behavior in the face of temptations and impulses.

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Serotonin

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter.

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Sex offender

A sex offender (sexual offender, sex abuser, or sexual abuser) is a person who has committed a sex crime.

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Sex offender registries in the United States

Sex offender registries in the United States exist at both the federal and state levels.

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Sexual predator

A sexual predator is a person seen as obtaining or trying to obtain sexual contact with another person in a metaphorically "predatory" or abusive manner.

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Sibling

A sibling is one of two or more individuals having one or both parents in common.

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Single parent

A single parent is a parent that parents alone without the other parent's support, meaning this particular parent is the only parent to the child, responsible for all financial, material, and emotional needs.

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Social control theory

In criminology, social control theory proposes that exploiting the process of socialization and social learning builds self-control and reduces the inclination to indulge in behavior recognized as antisocial.

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Social rejection

Social rejection occurs when an individual is deliberately excluded from a social relationship or social interaction.

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Socialization

In sociology, socialization is the process of internalizing the norms and ideologies of society.

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Society

A society is a group of individuals involved in persistent social interaction, or a large social group sharing the same geographical or social territory, typically subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations.

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Socioeconomic status

Socioeconomic status (SES) is an economic and sociological combined total measure of a person's work experience and of an individual's or family's economic and social position in relation to others, based on income, education, and occupation.

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Sociology of Education (journal)

Sociology of Education is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes papers in the field of Sociology.

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Status offense

A status offense is an action that is prohibited only to a certain class of people, and most often applied only to offenses committed by minors.

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Statute

A statute is a formal written enactment of a legislative authority that governs a city, state, or country.

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Strain theory (sociology)

In sociology and criminology, strain theory states that social structures within society may pressure citizens to commit crime.

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Stupidity

Stupidity is a lack of intelligence, understanding, reason, wit, or common sense.

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Sukeban

means delinquent girl or boss girl in Japanese, equivalent to the male banchō.

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Suspect

In law enforcement jargon, a suspect is a known person accused or suspected of committing a crime.

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Teen court

Teen court (sometimes called youth court or peer court) is a problem-solving court within the juvenile justice system where teens charged with certain types of offenses can be sentenced by a jury of same-aged peers.

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Texas

Texas (Texas or Tejas) is the second largest state in the United States by both area and population.

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Truancy

Truancy is any intentional, unjustified, unauthorized, or illegal absence from compulsory education.

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Unintended pregnancy

Unintended pregnancies are pregnancies that are mistimed, unplanned or unwanted at the time of conception.

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Victimology

Victimology is the study of victimization, including the psychological effects on victims, relationships between victims and offenders, the interactions between victims and the criminal justice system—that is, the police and courts, and corrections officials—and the connections between victims and other social groups and institutions, such as the media, businesses, and social movements.

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Violence

Violence is defined by the World Health Organization as "the intentional use of physical force or power, threatened or actual, against oneself, another person, or against a group or community, which either results in or has a high likelihood of resulting in injury, death, psychological harm, maldevelopment, or deprivation," although the group acknowledges that the inclusion of "the use of power" in its definition expands on the conventional understanding of the word.

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Violent crime

A violent crime or crime of violence is a crime in which an offender or perpetrator uses or threatens to use force upon a victim.

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Working class

The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.

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Young offender

A young offender is a young person who has been convicted or cautioned for a criminal offense.

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Youth detention center

In American criminal justice systems a youth detention center, also known as a juvenile detention center (JDC),Stahl, Dean, Karen Kerchelich, and Ralph De Sola.

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Zero tolerance

A zero-tolerance policy is one which imposes strict punishment for infractions of a stated rule, with the intention of eliminating undesirable conduct.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Juvenile_delinquency

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