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172 relations: Abaoji, Acculturation, Aisin-Gioro Ulhicun, An Lushan, An Lushan Rebellion, Ancient Chinese coinage, Animism, Bairin Left Banner, Balasagun, Balhae, Barter, Battle of Gaoliang River, Battle of Kuju, Beijing, Bohai Sea, Book of Jin, Book of Sui, Book of Wei, Bride price, Buddhism, Cash (Chinese coin), Chai Rong, Chanyuan Treaty, Chinese characters, Chinese classics, Chinese era name, Chinese zodiac, Chongchon River, Classical Chinese poetry, Concubinage, Datong, Denis Twitchett, Dongdan Kingdom, Dynasties in Chinese history, East Asia, Emperor Daozong of Liao, Emperor Jingzong of Liao, Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia, Emperor Muzong of Liao, Emperor of China, Emperor Shengzong of Liao, Emperor Shizong of Liao, Emperor Taizong of Liao, Emperor Taizong of Song, Emperor Taizu of Jin, Emperor Taizu of Song, Emperor Tianzuo of Liao, Emperor Xingzong of Liao, Emperor Zhenzong, Engagement, ..., Epigraphy, Epitaph, First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War, Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, Frederick W. Mote, Gang Gam-chan, Gang Jo, Goryeo, Goryeo–Khitan War, Hebei, Heilongjiang, History of Liao, Hyeonjong of Goryeo, Imperial China: 900–1800, Inner Mongolia, Jacques Gernet, Jilin, Jin dynasty (1115–1234), Jin dynasty (265–420), Jurchen people, Kaifeng, Kara-Khanid Khanate, Khagan, Khitan language, Khitan large script, Khitan people, Khitan scripts, Khitan small script, Korea, Korean Peninsula, Koreanic languages, Kumis, Kumo Xi, Kyrgyzstan, Later Han (Five Dynasties), Later Jin (Five Dynasties), Later Liang (Five Dynasties), Later Tang, Later Zhou, Li Conghou, Li Congke, Li Siyuan, Liao dynasty coinage, Liao River, Liaoning, Liaoyang, List of emperors of the Liao dynasty, List of Khitan inscriptions, Liu Zhiyuan, Logogram, Manchuria, Middle Chinese, Mokjong of Goryeo, Monarchy, Mongolia, Mongolic languages, Mongols, Murong Sheng, Nanjing (Liao dynasty), Nazaruddin, Ningcheng County, Niujie Mosque, Nomad, Nomadic empire, North China, Northern Han, Northern Liao, Northern Qi, Northern Wei, Nova N 176, Polygamy, Polymath, Primogeniture, Proto-Mongols, Proxy war, Qara Khitai, Qu (poetry), Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary, Rashid-al-Din Hamadani, Refuge (Buddhism), Regent, Russian Far East, Samguk sagi, Sancai, Sanqu, Sculpture, Seal (emblem), Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War, Shanxi, Shi Chonggui, Shi Jingtang, Shijiazhuang, Shulü Ping, Sixteen Prefectures, Song dynasty, Song poetry, Sui dynasty, Syllabary, Tang dynasty, Taoism, Tatar confederation, Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War, Three Ages of Buddhism, Three Kingdoms of Korea, Tributary state, Tribute, Tungusic peoples, Western Xia, Xianbei, Xinhua News Agency, Xiongnu, Yalu River, Yelü, Yelü Bei, Yelü Dashi, Yuan dynasty, Yugur, Yuwen, Zaju, Zhu Wen, Zoroastrianism, Zubu. Expand index (122 more) »
Abaoji
Abaoji (Khitan: Ambagyan), posthumously known as Emperor Taizu of Liao, was a Khitan leader and founder of the Liao dynasty (907–926).
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Acculturation
Acculturation is the process of social, psychological, and cultural change that stems from blending between cultures.
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Aisin-Gioro Ulhicun
Aisin-Gioro Ulhicun (born 1958) is a Chinese linguist of Manchu ethnicity who is known for her studies of the Manchu, Jurchen and Khitan languages and scripts.
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An Lushan
An Lushan (703 – 29 January 757) was a general in the Tang dynasty and is primarily known for instigating the An Lushan Rebellion.
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An Lushan Rebellion
The An Lushan Rebellion was a devastating rebellion against the Tang dynasty of China.
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Ancient Chinese coinage
Ancient Chinese coinage includes some of the earliest known coins.
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Animism
Animism (from Latin anima, "breath, spirit, life") is the religious belief that objects, places and creatures all possess a distinct spiritual essence.
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Bairin Left Banner
Baarin Left Banner (Mongolian: Baɣarin Jegün qosiɣu), or Bairin, is a banner of eastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China.
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Balasagun
Balasagun was an ancient Soghdian city in modern-day Kyrgyzstan, located in the Chuy Valley between Bishkek and Issyk-Kul Lake.
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Balhae
Balhae (698–926), also known as Parhae or Bohai was a multi-ethnic kingdom in Manchuria and the Korean peninsula.
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Barter
In trade, barter is a system of exchange where participants in a transaction directly exchange goods or services for other goods or services without using a medium of exchange, such as money.
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Battle of Gaoliang River
The Battle of Gaoliang River was fought in 979 between the Liao Dynasty and Song Dynasty in what is today the city of Beijing.
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Battle of Kuju
The Battle of Gwiju, which occurred in 1019, was the major battle during the Third Goryeo-Khitan War (1018-1019).
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Beijing
Beijing, formerly romanized as Peking, is the capital of the People's Republic of China, the world's second most populous city proper, and most populous capital city.
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Bohai Sea
The Bohai Sea or Bo Sea, also known as Bohai Gulf, Bo Gulf or Pohai Bay, is the innermost gulf of the Yellow Sea and Korea Bay on the coast of Northeastern and North China.
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Book of Jin
The Book of Jin is an official Chinese historical text covering the history of the Jin dynasty from 265 to 420.
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Book of Sui
The Book of Sui (Suí Shū) is the official history of the Sui dynasty.
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Book of Wei
The Book of Wei, also known by its Chinese name as the Wei Shu, is a classic Chinese historical text compiled by Wei Shou from 551 to 554, and is an important text describing the history of the Northern Wei and Eastern Wei from 386 to 550.
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Bride price
Bride price, bridewealth, or bride token, is money, property, or other form of wealth paid by a groom or his family to the family of the woman he will be married or is just about to marry.
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Buddhism
Buddhism is the world's fourth-largest religion with over 520 million followers, or over 7% of the global population, known as Buddhists.
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Cash (Chinese coin)
Cash was a type of coin of China and East Asia, used from the 4th century BC until the 20th century AD.
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Chai Rong
Chai Rong (柴榮) (27 October 921 – 27 July 959) or Guo Rong (郭榮), also known by his temple name Shizong (世宗), was the second emperor of imperial China's short-lived Later Zhou during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 954 until his death.
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Chanyuan Treaty
The Chanyuan Treaty in 1004-1005 was the pivotal point in the relations between the Northern Song (960-1127) and the Liao Dynasties (916-1125).
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Chinese characters
Chinese characters are logograms primarily used in the writing of Chinese and Japanese.
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Chinese classics
Chinese classic texts or canonical texts refers to the Chinese texts which originated before the imperial unification by the Qin dynasty in 221 BC, particularly the "Four Books and Five Classics" of the Neo-Confucian tradition, themselves a customary abridgment of the "Thirteen Classics".
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Chinese era name
A Chinese era name is the regnal year, reign period, or regnal title used when traditionally numbering years in an emperor's reign and naming certain Chinese rulers.
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Chinese zodiac
The Chinese zodiac is a classification scheme that assigns an animal and its reputed attributes to each year in a repeating 12-year cycle.
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Chongchon River
The Ch'ŏngch'ŏn is a river of North Korea having its source in the Rangrim Mountains of Chagang Province and emptying into the Yellow Sea at Sinanju.
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Classical Chinese poetry
Attributed to Han Gan, ''Huiyebai (Night-Shining White Steed)'', about 750 CE (Tang Dynasty). Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry written in Classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms, or modes; traditional genres; and connections with particular historical periods, such as the poetry of the Tang Dynasty.
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Concubinage
Concubinage is an interpersonal and sexual relationship in which the couple are not or cannot be married.
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Datong
Datong is a prefecture-level city in northern Shanxi Province in the People's Republic of China.
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Denis Twitchett
Denis Crispin Twitchett (23 September 192524 February 2006) was a British Sinologist and scholar who specialized in Chinese history, and is well known as one of the co-editors of The Cambridge History of China.
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Dongdan Kingdom
Dongdan Kingdom (926–936) (東丹, Khitan language: Dan Gur, Simplified Chinese: 东丹, Korean: 동란) was the puppet kingdom established by the Khitan to rule the realm of the Balhae in Eastern Manchuria (now partially in North Eastern China).
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Dynasties in Chinese history
The following is a chronology of the dynasties in Chinese History.
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East Asia
East Asia is the eastern subregion of the Asian continent, which can be defined in either geographical or ethno-cultural "The East Asian cultural sphere evolves when Japan, Korea, and what is today Vietnam all share adapted elements of Chinese civilization of this period (that of the Tang dynasty), in particular Buddhism, Confucian social and political values, and literary Chinese and its writing system." terms.
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Emperor Daozong of Liao
Emperor Daozong of Liao (14 September 1032 – 12 February 1101), personal name Chala, sinicised name Yelü Hongji, was the eighth emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Jingzong of Liao
Emperor Jingzong of Liao (1 September 948 – 13 October 982), personal name Yelü Xian, courtesy name Xianning, was the fifth emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia
Emperor Jingzong of Western Xia (1003–1048), born Li Yuanhao, or Tuoba Yuanhao, was the first emperor of the Western Xia Empire located in northwestern China, reigning from 1038 to 1048.
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Emperor Muzong of Liao
Emperor Muzong of Liao (19 September 931 – 12 March 969), personal name Yelü Jing, infant name Shulü, was the fourth emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor of China
The Emperor or Huangdi was the secular imperial title of the Chinese sovereign reigning between the founding of the Qin dynasty that unified China in 221 BC, until the abdication of Puyi in 1912 following the Xinhai Revolution and the establishment of the Republic of China, although it was later restored twice in two failed revolutions in 1916 and 1917.
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Emperor Shengzong of Liao
Emperor Shengzong of Liao (16 January 972 – 25 June 1031), personal name Wenshunu, sinicised name Yelü Longxu, was the sixth emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Shizong of Liao
Emperor Shizong of Liao (29 January 919 – 7 October 951), personal name Wuyu, sinicised name Yelü Ruan, was the third emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Taizong of Liao
Emperor Taizong of Liao (25 November 902 – 18 May 947), personal name Yaogu, sinicised name Yelü Deguang, courtesy name Dejin, was the second emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Taizong of Song
Emperor Taizong of Song (20 November 939 – 8 May 997), personal name Zhao Jiong, was the second emperor of the Song dynasty in China.
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Emperor Taizu of Jin
Emperor Taizu of Jin (August 1, 1068 – September 19, 1123), personal name Aguda, sinicised name Min, was the founder and first emperor of the Jurchen-led Jin dynasty, which ruled northern China between the 12th and 13th centuries.
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Emperor Taizu of Song
Emperor Taizu of Song (21 March 927 – 14 November 976) personal name Zhao Kuangyin, courtesy name Yuanlang, was the founder and first emperor of the Song dynasty in China.
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Emperor Tianzuo of Liao
Emperor Tianzuo of Liao (5 June 1075 – 1128 or 1156), personal name Yelü Yanxi, courtesy name Yanning, was the ninth and last emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Xingzong of Liao
Emperor Xingzong of Liao (3 April 1016 – 28 August 1055), personal name Zhigu, sinicised name Yelü Zongzhen, was the seventh emperor of the Khitan-led Liao dynasty.
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Emperor Zhenzong
Emperor Zhenzong of Song (23 December 968 – 23 March 1022), personal name Zhao Heng, was the third emperor of the Song dynasty in China.
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Engagement
An engagement, betrothal, or fiancer is a promise to wed, and also the period of time between a marriage proposal and a marriage.
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Epigraphy
Epigraphy (ἐπιγραφή, "inscription") is the study of inscriptions or epigraphs as writing; it is the science of identifying graphemes, clarifying their meanings, classifying their uses according to dates and cultural contexts, and drawing conclusions about the writing and the writers.
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Epitaph
An epitaph (from Greek ἐπιτάφιος epitaphios "a funeral oration" from ἐπί epi "at, over" and τάφος taphos "tomb") is a short text honoring a deceased person.
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First conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War
The First Goryeo-Khitan War was a 10th-century conflict between the kingdom of Goryeo and the Liao dynasty (the Khitan Empire) near what is now the border between China and North Korea.
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Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period
The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period was an era of political upheaval in 10th-century Imperial China.
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Frederick W. Mote
Frederick Wade "Fritz" Mote (June 2, 1922 – February 10, 2005), was an American Sinologist and a professor of History at Princeton University for nearly 50 years.
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Gang Gam-chan
Gang Gam-chan (강감찬, 姜邯贊) (22 December 948 – 9 September 1031) was a medieval Korean government official and military commander during the early days of Goryeo Dynasty (918–1392).
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Gang Jo
Gang Jo (강조, 康兆, died 31 December 1010) was a Goryeo general who served under King Mokjong of Goryeo and King Hyeonjong of Goryeo.
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Goryeo
Goryeo (918–1392), also spelled as Koryŏ, was a Korean kingdom established in 918 by King Taejo.
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Goryeo–Khitan War
The Goryeo–Khitan War was a series of 10th- and 11th-century conflicts between Goryeo and the Khitan Liao dynasty near the present-day border between China and North Korea.
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Hebei
Hebei (postal: Hopeh) is a province of China in the North China region.
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Heilongjiang
Heilongjiang (Wade-Giles: Heilungkiang) is a province of the People's Republic of China.
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History of Liao
The History of Liao, or Liao Shi (Liáo Shǐ), is a Chinese historical book compiled officially by the Mongol Yuan dynasty (1271–1368), under the direction of the historian Toqto'a (Tuotuo), and finalized in 1344.
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Hyeonjong of Goryeo
Hyeonjong of Goryeo (1 August 992 – 17 June 1031, r. 1009–1031) was the 8th ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.
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Imperial China: 900–1800
Imperial China: 900–1800 is a book of history written by F. W. Mote, Professor of Chinese History and Civilization, Emeritus, at Princeton University.
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Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia, officially the Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region or Nei Mongol Autonomous Region (Ѳвѳр Монголын Ѳѳртѳѳ Засах Орон in Mongolian Cyrillic), is one of the autonomous regions of China, located in the north of the country.
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Jacques Gernet
Jacques Gernet (22 December 1921, Algiers, French Algeria – 3 March 2018, Vannes) was an eminent French sinologist of the second half of the 20th century.
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Jilin
Jilin, formerly romanized as Kirin is one of the three provinces of Northeast China.
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Jin dynasty (1115–1234)
The Jin dynasty, officially known as the Great Jin, lasted from 1115 to 1234 as one of the last dynasties in Chinese history to predate the Mongol invasion of China.
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Jin dynasty (265–420)
The Jin dynasty or the Jin Empire (sometimes distinguished as the or) was a Chinese dynasty traditionally dated from 266 to 420.
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Jurchen people
The Jurchen (Manchu: Jušen; 女真, Nǚzhēn), also known by many variant names, were a Tungusic people who inhabited the region of Manchuria until around 1630, at which point they were reformed and combined with their neighbors as the Manchu.
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Kaifeng
Kaifeng, known previously by several names, is a prefecture-level city in east-central Henan province, China.
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Kara-Khanid Khanate
The Kara-Khanid Khanate was a Turkic dynasty that ruled in Transoxania in Central Asia, ruled by a dynasty known in literature as the Karakhanids (also spelt Qarakhanids) or Ilek Khanids.
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Khagan
Khagan or Qaghan (Old Turkic: kaɣan; хаан, khaan) is a title of imperial rank in the Turkic and Mongolian languages equal to the status of emperor and someone who rules a khaganate (empire).
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Khitan language
Khitan or Kitan (in large script or in small, Khitai;, Qìdānyǔ), also known as Liao, is a now-extinct language once spoken by the Khitan people (4th to 13th century).
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Khitan large script
The Khitan large script was one of two Khitan writing systems used for the now-extinct Khitan language.
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Khitan people
The Khitan people were a nomadic people from Northeast Asia who, from the 4th century, inhabited an area corresponding to parts of modern Mongolia, Northeast China and the Russian Far East.
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Khitan scripts
The Khitan scripts were the writing systems for the now-extinct Para-Mongolic Khitan language used in the 10th-12th century by the Khitan people who had established the Liao dynasty in Northeast China.
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Khitan small script
The Khitan small script was one of two Khitan writing systems used for the now-extinct Khitan language.
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Korea
Korea is a region in East Asia; since 1945 it has been divided into two distinctive sovereign states: North Korea and South Korea.
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Korean Peninsula
The Korean Peninsula is a peninsula of Eurasia located in East Asia.
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Koreanic languages
The Koreanic languages are a language family consisting of the modern Korean language together with extinct ancient relatives closer to it than to any other proposed links.
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Kumis
Kumis (also spelled kumiss or koumiss or kumys, see other transliterations and cognate words below under terminology and etymology - Қымыз, qımız) is a fermented dairy product traditionally made from mare's milk.
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Kumo Xi
The Kumo Xi (Xu Elina-Qian, p.296b called the Xi since the Sui dynasty (581-618 AD)), also Tatabi, were a Mongolic steppe people located in current northeast China from 207 AD to 907 AD.
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Kyrgyzstan
The Kyrgyz Republic (Kyrgyz Respublikasy; r; Қирғиз Республикаси.), or simply Kyrgyzstan, and also known as Kirghizia (Kyrgyzstan; r), is a sovereign state in Central Asia.
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Later Han (Five Dynasties)
The Later Han was founded in 947.
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Later Jin (Five Dynasties)
The Later Jìn (936–947), also called Shi Jin (石晉), was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China.
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Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
The Later Liang (1 June 907 – 19 November 923), also known as Zhu Liang, was one of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in China.
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Later Tang
Tang, known in history as Later Tang, was a short-lived imperial dynasty that lasted from 923 to 937 during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in the history of China.
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Later Zhou
The Later Zhou was the last in a succession of five dynasties that controlled most of northern China during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, which lasted from 907 to 960 and bridged the gap between the Tang Dynasty and the Song Dynasty.
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Li Conghou
Li Conghou (李從厚) (914–934), formally Emperor Min of Later Tang (後唐閔帝), nickname Pusanu (菩薩奴, "slave of a Bodhisattva"), was an emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Tang, ruling between 933 and 934.
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Li Congke
Li Congke (11 February 885 – 11 January 937), also known posthumously as Emperor Mo of Later Tang (後唐末帝, "last emperor of Later Tang"), Emperor Fei of Later Tang (後唐廢帝, "deposed emperor of Later Tang"), Wang Congke (王從珂) (particularly during succeeding Later Jin, which did not recognize him as a legitimate Later Tang emperor), or Prince of Lu (潞王, a title Li Congke carried prior to his reign), nickname Ershisan (二十三, "23") or, in short, Asan (阿三), was the last emperor of the Later Tang - the second of the Five Dynasties following the fall of the Tang Dynasty.
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Li Siyuan
Li Siyuan (李嗣源, later changed to Li Dan (李亶) Many Chinese emperors changed their given names to rarely encountered characters to alleviate the burden of the populace who must observe naming taboo.) (10 October 867 – 15 December 933), also known by his temple name Mingzong (明宗), was the second emperor of imperial China's short-lived Later Tang during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 926 until his death.
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Liao dynasty coinage
The Liao dynasty was an empire created by the Khitans that ruled over parts of Northern China, what is now Manchuria, and an area in present day Mongolia, North Korea, and the Russian Far East from 907 until 1125 when most of their territory conquered by the Jurchens who established the Jin dynasty.
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Liao River
The Liao River is the principal river in southern Northeast China, and one of the seven main river systems in mainland China.
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Liaoning
Liaoning is a province of China, located in the northeast of the country.
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Liaoyang
Liaoyang is a prefecture-level city of east-central Liaoning province, China, situated on the Taizi River and, together with Anshan, forms a metro area of 2,057,200 inhabitants in 2010.
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List of emperors of the Liao dynasty
The Liao dynasty, also known as the Khitan Empire, was an empire in East Asia that at its height ruled over what is now Shanxi, Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin, Heilongjiang, and Inner Mongolia provinces in China, as well as portions of the Korean peninsula, portions of the Russian Far East, and much of the country of Mongolia.
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List of Khitan inscriptions
The list of Khitan inscriptions comprises a list of the corpus of known inscriptions written in the Khitan large script and the Khitan small script.
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Liu Zhiyuan
Liu Zhiyuan (劉知遠) (March 4, 895 – March 10, 948), later changed to Liu Gao (劉暠), formally Emperor Gaozu of (Later) Han ((後)漢高祖), was the ethnically-Shatuo founder of the Later Han, the fourth of the Five Dynasties in the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period of Chinese history. It, if the subsequent Northern Han is not considered part of its history, was also one of the shortest-lived states in Chinese history, lasting only three years.
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Logogram
In written language, a logogram or logograph is a written character that represents a word or phrase.
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Manchuria
Manchuria is a name first used in the 17th century by Chinese people to refer to a large geographic region in Northeast Asia.
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Middle Chinese
Middle Chinese (formerly known as Ancient Chinese) or the Qieyun system (QYS) is the historical variety of Chinese recorded in the Qieyun, a rime dictionary first published in 601 and followed by several revised and expanded editions.
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Mokjong of Goryeo
Mokjong of Goryeo (5 July 980 – 2 March 1009) (r. 997–1009) was the seventh ruler of the Goryeo dynasty of Korea.
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Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which a group, generally a family representing a dynasty (aristocracy), embodies the country's national identity and its head, the monarch, exercises the role of sovereignty.
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Mongolia
Mongolia (Monggol Ulus in Mongolian; in Mongolian Cyrillic) is a landlocked unitary sovereign state in East Asia.
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Mongolic languages
The Mongolic languages are a group of languages spoken in East-Central Asia, mostly in Mongolia and surrounding areas plus in Kalmykia.
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Mongols
The Mongols (ᠮᠣᠩᠭᠣᠯᠴᠤᠳ, Mongolchuud) are an East-Central Asian ethnic group native to Mongolia and China's Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region.
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Murong Sheng
Murong Sheng (373–401), courtesy name Daoyun (道運), formally Emperor Zhaowu of (Later) Yan ((後)燕昭武帝), was an emperor of the Xianbei state Later Yan.
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Nanjing (Liao dynasty)
Nanjing was the name for modern Beijing during the Liao dynasty, when Khitan rulers made the city the southern capital.
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Nazaruddin
Nazaruddin, was a Muslim architect living in China during the Liao dynasty.
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Ningcheng County
Ningcheng County (Mongolian: Нинчен сиыан Niŋčėŋ siyan) is a county of southeastern Inner Mongolia, People's Republic of China, bordering Liaoning province to the east.
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Niujie Mosque
The Niujie Mosque ("Oxen Street House of Worship" or "Oxen Street Mosque") is the oldest mosque in Beijing, China.
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Nomad
A nomad (νομάς, nomas, plural tribe) is a member of a community of people who live in different locations, moving from one place to another in search of grasslands for their animals.
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Nomadic empire
Nomadic empires, sometimes also called steppe empires, Central or Inner Asian empires, are the empires erected by the bow-wielding, horse-riding, nomadic peoples in the Eurasian steppe, from classical antiquity (Scythia) to the early modern era (Dzungars).
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North China
North China (literally "China's north") is a geographical region of China, lying North of the Qinling Huaihe Line.
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Northern Han
The Northern Han kingdom was a state of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Northern Liao
Northern Liao was a state created by the Khitans, separate from the Liao dynasty, in northern China around Liao Nanjing (now Beijing) and Zhongjing (today's Ningcheng).
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Northern Qi
The Northern Qi was one of the Northern dynasties of Chinese history and ruled northern China from 550 to 577.
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Northern Wei
The Northern Wei or the Northern Wei Empire, also known as the Tuoba Wei (拓跋魏), Later Wei (後魏), or Yuan Wei (元魏), was a dynasty founded by the Tuoba clan of the Xianbei, which ruled northern China from 386 to 534 (de jure until 535), during the period of the Southern and Northern Dynasties.
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Nova N 176
Nova N 176 is an undeciphered manuscript codex held at the Institute of Oriental Manuscripts (IOM) of the Russian Academy of Sciences in Saint Petersburg, Russia.
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Polygamy
Polygamy (from Late Greek πολυγαμία, polygamía, "state of marriage to many spouses") is the practice of marrying multiple spouses.
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Polymath
A polymath (πολυμαθής,, "having learned much,"The term was first recorded in written English in the early seventeenth century Latin: uomo universalis, "universal man") is a person whose expertise spans a significant number of different subject areas—such a person is known to draw on complex bodies of knowledge to solve specific problems.
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Primogeniture
Primogeniture is the right, by law or custom, of the paternally acknowledged, firstborn son to inherit his parent's entire or main estate, in preference to daughters, elder illegitimate sons, younger sons and collateral relatives; in some cases the estate may instead be the inheritance of the firstborn child or occasionally the firstborn daughter.
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Proto-Mongols
The proto-Mongols emerged from an area that had been inhabited by humans and predecessor hominin species as far back as the Stone Age over 800,000 years ago.
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Proxy war
A proxy war is an armed conflict between two states or non-state actors which act on the instigation or on behalf of other parties that are not directly involved in the hostilities.
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Qara Khitai
The Qara Khitai (alternatively spelled Kara Khitai; Хар Хятан; 1124–1218), also known as the Kara Khitan Khanate or Western Liao, officially the Great Liao, was a sinicized Khitan empire in Central Asia.
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Qu (poetry)
The Qu form of poetry is a type of Classical Chinese poetry form, consisting of words written in one of a number of certain, set tone patterns, based upon the tunes of various songs.
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Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary
Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary is a large American dictionary, first published in 1966 as The Random House Dictionary of the English Language: The Unabridged Edition.
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Rashid-al-Din Hamadani
Rashīd al-Dīn Ṭabīb (رشیدالدین طبیب), also known as Rashīd al-Dīn Faḍlullāh Hamadānī (رشیدالدین فضلالله همدانی, 1247–1318), was a statesman, historian and physician in Ilkhanate-ruled Iran.
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Refuge (Buddhism)
Buddhists take refuge in the Three Jewels or Triple Gem (also known as the "Three Refuges").
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Regent
A regent (from the Latin regens: ruling, governing) is a person appointed to govern a state because the monarch is a minor, is absent or is incapacitated.
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Russian Far East
The Russian Far East (p) comprises the Russian part of the Far East - the extreme eastern territory of Russia, between Lake Baikal in Eastern Siberia and the Pacific Ocean.
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Samguk sagi
Samguk sagi (삼국사기, 三國史記, History of the Three Kingdoms) is a historical record of the Three Kingdoms of Korea: Goguryeo, Baekje and Silla.
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Sancai
Sancai is a versatile type of decoration on Chinese pottery using glazes or slip, predominantly in the three colours of brown (or amber), green, and a creamy off-white.
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Sanqu
Sanqu refers to a fixed-rhythm form of Classical Chinese poetry, or "literary song".
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Sculpture
Sculpture is the branch of the visual arts that operates in three dimensions.
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Seal (emblem)
A seal is a device for making an impression in wax, clay, paper, or some other medium, including an embossment on paper, and is also the impression thus made.
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Second conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War
No description.
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Shanxi
Shanxi (postal: Shansi) is a province of China, located in the North China region.
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Shi Chonggui
Shi Chonggui (Chinese: 石重貴) (914–974), known in traditional Chinese historical sources as Emperor Chu of Later Jin (後晉出帝, "the exiled emperor") or Emperor Shao of Later Jin (後晉少帝, "the young emperor"), posthumously known in Liao as the Prince of Jin (晉王), was the second and last emperor of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Jin.
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Shi Jingtang
Shi Jingtang (石敬瑭) (30 March 892 – 28 July 942Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 283.), also known by his temple name Gaozu (高祖), was the founding emperor of imperial China's short-lived Later Jin during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, reigning from 936 until his death.
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Shijiazhuang
Shijiazhuang is the capital and largest city of North China's Hebei Province.
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Shulü Ping
Shulü Ping (879–953), nickname Yueliduo (月里朵), formally Empress Yingtian or Empress of Earth (地皇后) during the reign of her husband Emperor Taizu of Liao (Yelü Abaoji), posthumous name initially Zhenlie (貞烈, "virtuous and achieving") then Chunqin Huanghou (淳欽皇后, "the pure and honored empress") was an empress of the Khitan Liao Dynasty.
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Sixteen Prefectures
The Sixteen Prefectures, more specifically the Sixteen Prefectures of Yan and Yun or the Sixteen Prefectures of You and Ji, comprise a historical region in northern China along the Great Wall in present-day Beijing and Tianjin Municipalities and northern Hebei and Shanxi Province, that were ceded by the Shatuo Turk Emperor Shi Jingtang of the Later Jin to the Khitan Liao dynasty in 938.
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Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (960–1279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279.
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Song poetry
Song poetry refers to Classical Chinese poetry of or typical of the Song dynasty of China (960–1279).
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Sui dynasty
The Sui Dynasty was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China of pivotal significance.
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Syllabary
A syllabary is a set of written symbols that represent the syllables or (more frequently) moras which make up words.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Taoism
Taoism, also known as Daoism, is a religious or philosophical tradition of Chinese origin which emphasizes living in harmony with the Tao (also romanized as ''Dao'').
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Tatar confederation
Tatar (Татар) was one of the five major Mongol tribal confederations (khanlig) in the Mongolian Plateau in the 12th century.
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Third conflict in the Goryeo–Khitan War
The Third Goryeo–Khitan War was an 11th-century conflict between the kingdom of Goryeo and Khitan forces near what is now the border between China and North Korea.
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Three Ages of Buddhism
The Three Ages of Buddhism, also known as the Three Ages of the Dharma, are three divisions of time following Buddha's passing in East Asian Buddhism.
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Three Kingdoms of Korea
The concept of the Three Kingdoms of Korea refers to the three kingdoms of Baekje (백제), Silla (신라) and Goguryeo (고구려).
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Tributary state
A tributary state is a term for a pre-modern state in a particular type of subordinate relationship to a more powerful state which involved the sending of a regular token of submission, or tribute, to the superior power.
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Tribute
A tribute (/ˈtrɪbjuːt/) (from Latin tributum, contribution) is wealth, often in kind, that a party gives to another as a sign of respect or, as was often the case in historical contexts, of submission or allegiance.
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Tungusic peoples
Tungusic peoples are the peoples who speak Tungusic languages.
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Western Xia
The Western Xia, also known as the Xi Xia Empire, to the Mongols as the Tangut Empire and to the Tangut people themselves and to the Tibetans as Mi-nyak,Stein (1972), pp.
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Xianbei
The Xianbei were proto-Mongols residing in what became today's eastern Mongolia, Inner Mongolia, and Northeast China.
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Xinhua News Agency
Xinhua News Agency (English pronunciation: J. C. Wells: Longman Pronunciation Dictionary, 3rd ed., for both British and American English) or New China News Agency is the official state-run press agency of the People's Republic of China.
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Xiongnu
The Xiongnu were a confederation of nomadic peoples who, according to ancient Chinese sources, inhabited the eastern Asian Steppe from the 3rd century BC to the late 1st century AD.
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Yalu River
The Yalu River, also called the Amrok River or Amnok River, is a river on the border between North Korea and China.
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Yelü
The Yaryul clan (or Yelü clan;; Khitan small script) of the Khitan people assumed leadership of the Khitan state in 907 when Abaoji became khan of the Khitan people.
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Yelü Bei
Yelü Bei (born 899 History of Liao, vol. 72.-January 7, 937Zizhi Tongjian, vol. 280..), also known as Yelü Tuyu (耶律突欲 or 耶律圖欲), posthumously honored Wenxian Qinyi Huangdi (文獻欽義皇帝) with the temple name Yizong (Simplified: 辽义宗, Traditional: 遼義宗), formally known as Ren Huangwang (人皇王, "imperial king of men") during his lifetime (including his period as the King of Dongdan), known as Dongdan Muhua (東丹慕華) (931) and then Li Zanhua (李贊華) (931-937) as a Later Tang subject, was the eldest son of Emperor Taizu of Liao, the founder of the Liao Dynasty.
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Yelü Dashi
Yelü Dashi (alternatively 耶律達實 Yēlǜ Dáshí), or Yeh-Lü Ta-Shih (r. 1124–1143) was the founder of the Qara Khitai state, also known as the Western Liao dynasty.
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Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Yehe Yuan Ulus), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.
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Yugur
The Yugurs, or Yellow Uyghurs, as they are traditionally known, are a Turkic and Mongolicgroup and one of China's 56 officially recognized nationalities, consisting of 13,719 persons according to the 2000 census.
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Yuwen
The Yuwen is a Chinese compound surname originated from a pre-state clan of Xianbei ethnicity of Xiongnu origin during the era of Sixteen Kingdoms in China, until its destruction by Former Yan's prince Murong Huang in 345.
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Zaju
Zaju (literally meaning "variety show") was a form of Chinese drama or Chinese opera which provided entertainment through a synthesis of recitations of prose and poetry, dance, singing, and mime, with a certain emphasis on comedy (or, happy endings).
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Zhu Wen
Emperor Taizu of Later Liang (後梁太祖), personal name Zhu Quanzhong (朱全忠) (852–912), né Zhu Wen (朱溫), name later changed to Zhu Huang (朱晃), nickname Zhu San (朱三, literally, "the third Zhu"), was a Jiedushi (military governor) at the end of the Chinese dynasty Tang Dynasty, who previously served as a general under the rival Emperor Huang Chao's Empire of Qi and overthrew Empire of Tang in 907, established the Later Liang as its emperor, and ushered in the era of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms.
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Zoroastrianism
Zoroastrianism, or more natively Mazdayasna, is one of the world's oldest extant religions, which is monotheistic in having a single creator god, has dualistic cosmology in its concept of good and evil, and has an eschatology which predicts the ultimate destruction of evil.
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Zubu
Zubu (also referred to as Dada or Tatars) was the common name of Khamag Mongol, Khereid, Naiman and Tatar tribes from the 10th to 12th centuries.
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Redirects here:
Cathay empire, Ch'i-tan state, Empire of Liao, Great Liao, Khitan Dynasty, Khitan Empire, Khitan Liao, Khitan Liao dynasty, Khitan dynasty, Khitan dynasty of Liao, Khitan empire, Kitan Liao, Liao China, Liao Dynasty, Liao Empire, Liao Kingdom, Liao Tartars, Liao empire, Liao tartars, Liáo Cháo, Lyao Uls, Mos Jælud, Qidan Khanat, State of Khitan, The Khitan Empire.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liao_dynasty
