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London Metropolitan Archives

Index London Metropolitan Archives

The London Metropolitan Archives (LMA) is the principal local government archive repository for the Greater London area, including the City of London: it is the largest county record office in the United Kingdom. [1]

156 relations: Alderman, Anglican Diocese of Southwark, Anglicanism, Archive, Archivist, Baptism, Baptists, Berkhamsted, Beth din, Billingsgate, Board of Deputies of British Jews, Board of guardians, British Waterways, BS 5454, Burial, Catholic Church, Charity Organization Society, Charlton, London, Charterhouse School, Chelsea, London, Churchwarden, City of London, City of London Corporation, City of London Police, City of Westminster, Clerk of the Peace, Clerkenwell, Congregational church, Conservative Party (UK), Conveyancing, Coroner, Corporation of the Sons and Friends of the Clergy, County council, County court, County record office, Courage, Court of Aldermen, Court of Common Council, Covent Garden, Deed, Diocese of London, Diocese of Rochester, Diocese of Winchester, Duke of Bedford, Earl of Jersey, Encumbrance, English Heritage, English Poor Laws, Essex, Florence Nightingale, ..., Foundling Hospital, Freedom of the City, Friern Hospital, George Peabody, Glasgow, Greater London, Greater London Council, Guildhall Art Gallery, Guildhall Library, Gurdwara, Guy's Hospital, Hampstead, Hampstead Garden Suburb, Henrietta Barnett, Hertfordshire, Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies, HM Prison Wandsworth, HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs, Inner London Education Authority, Islington, J. Lyons and Co., Jack the Ripper, John Cordy Jeaffreson, John Keats, Justice of the peace, Keats House, Kent, Kingdom Hall, Labour Party (UK), Lambeth, Leadenhall Market, London Borough of Tower Hamlets, London Charterhouse, London County Council, London Government Act 1963, London Passenger Transport Board, London Residuary Body, London School Board, Lord Chancellor, Magistrate, Mansion House, London, Marquess of Anglesey, Marquess of Northampton, Methodism, Metropolitan Asylums Board, Metropolitan Board of Works, Metropolitan Commission of Sewers, Metropolitan Railway, Metropolitan Water Board (London), Middlesex, Middlesex County Council, Middlesex Guildhall, Middlesex Registry Act 1708, Mobile shelving, Model dwellings company, Moorfields Eye Hospital, National Union of Teachers, New River (England), Newcastle upon Tyne, Nippy, Nonconformist, Old Bailey, Ordnance Survey, Parish, Peabody Trust, Petty session, Philanthropy, Poor law union, Poor rate, Public Records Act 1958, Quarter session, River Lea, River Thames, Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts, Royal Society of Portrait Painters, Samuel Barnett (reformer), Sea Life London Aquarium, Seventh-day Adventist Church, Siege of Sidney Street, Sikh, Smithfield, London, Southwark, Spitalfields, St Bernard's Hospital, Hanwell, St Clement Danes (parish), St Martin in the Fields (parish), St Thomas' Hospital, Surrey, Thames Water, The Ramblers, The Salvation Army, Thomas Coram, Thomas Sutton, Tower Bridge, Transport for London, Truman's Brewery, United Synagogue, Vestry, Watney Combe & Reid, Whitbread, Whitechapel murders, Will and testament, William Le Hardy, Wiltshire, Workhouse, Yorkshire. Expand index (106 more) »

Alderman

An alderman is a member of a municipal assembly or council in many jurisdictions founded upon English law.

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Anglican Diocese of Southwark

The Diocese of Southwark is one of the 42 dioceses of the Church of England, part of the worldwide Anglican Communion.

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Anglicanism

Anglicanism is a Western Christian tradition that evolved out of the practices, liturgy and identity of the Church of England following the Protestant Reformation.

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Archive

An archive is an accumulation of historical records or the physical place they are located.

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Archivist

An archivist (AR-kiv-ist) is an information professional who assesses, collects, organizes, preserves, maintains control over, and provides access to records and archives determined to have long-term value.

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Baptism

Baptism (from the Greek noun βάπτισμα baptisma; see below) is a Christian sacrament of admission and adoption, almost invariably with the use of water, into Christianity.

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Baptists

Baptists are Christians distinguished by baptizing professing believers only (believer's baptism, as opposed to infant baptism), and doing so by complete immersion (as opposed to affusion or sprinkling).

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Berkhamsted

Berkhamsted is a historic market town close to the western boundary of Hertfordshire, England, in the small Bulbourne valley in the Chiltern Hills, northwest of London.

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Beth din

A beth din (בית דין Bet Din, "house of judgement", Ashkenazic: beis din) is a rabbinical court of Judaism.

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Billingsgate

Billingsgate is one of the 25 Wards of the City of London.

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Board of Deputies of British Jews

The Board of Deputies of British Jews (historically London Board of Deputies and London Committee of Deputies of British Jews) is the main representative body of British Jews.

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Board of guardians

Boards of guardians were ad hoc authorities that administered Poor Law in the United Kingdom from 1835 to 1930.

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British Waterways

British Waterways, often shortened to BW, was a statutory corporation wholly owned by the government of the United Kingdom.

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BS 5454

BS 5454, "Recommendations for the storage and exhibition of archival documents" was a British Standard for the construction of building repositories for archive collections.

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Burial

Burial or interment is the ritual act of placing a dead person or animal, sometimes with objects, into the ground.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Charity Organization Society

The Charity Organization Societies were founded in England in 1869 following the 'Goschen Minute' (Poor Law Board; 22nd Annual Report (1869–70), Appendix A No.4. Relief to the Poor in the Metropolis. PP XXXI, 1871) that sought to severely restrict outdoor relief distributed by the Poor Law Guardians.

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Charlton, London

Charlton is a district of south east London, England, within the Royal Borough of Greenwich.

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Charterhouse School

Charterhouse is an independent day and boarding school in Godalming, Surrey.

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Chelsea, London

Chelsea is an affluent area of South West London, bounded to the south by the River Thames.

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Churchwarden

A churchwarden is a lay official in a parish or congregation of the Anglican Communion, usually working as a part-time volunteer.

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City of London

The City of London is a city and county that contains the historic centre and the primary central business district (CBD) of London.

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City of London Corporation

The City of London Corporation, officially and legally the Mayor and Commonalty and Citizens of the City of London, is the municipal governing body of the City of London, the historic centre of London and the location of much of the UK's financial sector.

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City of London Police

The City of London Police is the territorial police force responsible for law enforcement within the City of London, including the Middle and Inner Temples.

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City of Westminster

The City of Westminster is an Inner London borough which also holds city status.

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Clerk of the Peace

A clerk of the peace held an office in England and Wales whose responsibility was the records of the quarter sessions and the framing of presentments and indictments.

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Clerkenwell

Clerkenwell is an area of central and north London, England.

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Congregational church

Congregational churches (also Congregationalist churches; Congregationalism) are Protestant churches in the Reformed tradition practicing congregationalist church governance, in which each congregation independently and autonomously runs its own affairs.

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Conservative Party (UK)

The Conservative Party, officially the Conservative and Unionist Party, is a centre-right political party in the United Kingdom.

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Conveyancing

In law, conveyancing is the transfer of legal title of real property from one person to another, or the granting of an encumbrance such as a mortgage or a lien.

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Coroner

A coroner is a person whose standard role is to confirm and certify the death of an individual within a jurisdiction.

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Corporation of the Sons and Friends of the Clergy

The Corporation of the Sons and Friends of the Clergy is a charity resulting from an amalgamation in 2013.

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County council

A county council is the elected administrative body governing an area known as a county.

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County court

A county court is a court based in or with a jurisdiction covering one or more counties, which are administrative divisions (subnational entities) within a country, not to be confused with the medieval system of county courts held by the High Sheriff of each county.

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County record office

In the United Kingdom (and particularly in England and Wales) the term county record office usually refers to a local authority repository, also called a County Archives.

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Courage

Courage (also called bravery or valour) is the choice and willingness to confront agony, pain, danger, uncertainty, or intimidation.

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Court of Aldermen

The Court of Aldermen is an elected body forming part of the City of London Corporation.

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Court of Common Council

The Court of Common Council is the primary decision-making body of the City of London Corporation.

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Covent Garden

Covent Garden is a district in Greater London, on the eastern fringes of the West End, between Charing Cross Road and Drury Lane.

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Deed

A deed (anciently "an evidence") is any legal instrument in writing which passes, affirms or confirms an interest, right, or property and that is signed, attested, delivered, and in some jurisdictions, sealed.

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Diocese of London

The Diocese of London forms part of the Church of England's Province of Canterbury in England.

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Diocese of Rochester

The Diocese of Rochester is a Church of England diocese in the English county of Kent and the Province of Canterbury.

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Diocese of Winchester

The Diocese of Winchester forms part of the Province of Canterbury of the Church of England.

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Duke of Bedford

Duke of Bedford (named after Bedford, England) is a title that has been created six times (for five distinct people) in the Peerage of England.

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Earl of Jersey

Earl of the Island of Jersey, usually shortened to Earl of Jersey, is a title in the Peerage of England held by a branch of the Villiers family, which since 1819 has been the Child-Villiers family.

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Encumbrance

An encumbrance is a right to, interest in, or legal liability on real property that does not prohibit passing title to the property but that diminishes its value.

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English Heritage

English Heritage (officially the English Heritage Trust) is a registered charity that manages the National Heritage Collection.

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English Poor Laws

The English Poor Laws were a system of poor relief which existed in England and Wales that developed out of late-medieval and Tudor-era laws being codified in 1587–98.

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Essex

Essex is a county in the East of England.

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Florence Nightingale

Florence Nightingale, (12 May 1820 – 13 August 1910) was an English social reformer and statistician, and the founder of modern nursing.

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Foundling Hospital

The Foundling Hospital in London, England was founded in 1739 by the philanthropic sea captain Thomas Coram.

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Freedom of the City

The Freedom of the City is an honour bestowed by a municipality upon a valued member of the community, or upon a visiting celebrity or dignitary.

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Friern Hospital

Friern Hospital (formerly Colney Hatch Lunatic Asylum) was a psychiatric hospital in the parish of Friern Barnet close to a crossroads which had a hamlet known as Colney Hatch.

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George Peabody

George Peabody (February 18, 1795 – November 4, 1869) was an American financier and philanthropist.

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Glasgow

Glasgow (Glesga; Glaschu) is the largest city in Scotland, and third most populous in the United Kingdom.

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Greater London

Greater London is a region of England which forms the administrative boundaries of London, as well as a county for the purposes of the lieutenancies.

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Greater London Council

The Greater London Council (GLC) was the top-tier local government administrative body for Greater London from 1965 to 1986.

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Guildhall Art Gallery

The Guildhall Art Gallery houses the art collection of the City of London, England.

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Guildhall Library

The Guildhall Library is a public reference library specialising in subjects relevant to London.

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Gurdwara

A gurdwara (ਗੁਰਦੁਆਰਾ, or ਗੁਰਦਵਾਰਾ,; meaning "door to the guru") is a place of worship for Sikhs.

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Guy's Hospital

Guy's Hospital is an NHS hospital in the borough of Southwark in central London.

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Hampstead

Hampstead, commonly known as Hampstead Village, is an area of London, England, northwest of Charing Cross.

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Hampstead Garden Suburb

Hampstead Garden Suburb is an elevated suburb, north of Hampstead, west of Highgate and east of Golders Green.

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Henrietta Barnett

Dame Henrietta Octavia Weston Barnett, DBE (née Rowland; 4 May 1851 – 10 June 1936) was a notable English social reformer, educationist, and author.

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Hertfordshire

Hertfordshire (often abbreviated Herts) is a county in southern England, bordered by Bedfordshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Buckinghamshire to the west and Greater London to the south.

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Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies

Hertfordshire Archives and Local Studies (HALS) houses the former Hertfordshire Record Office and the former Hertfordshire Local Studies Library.

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HM Prison Wandsworth

HM Prison Wandsworth, is a Category B men's prison at Wandsworth in the London Borough of Wandsworth, South West London, England.

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HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs

HM Prison Wormwood Scrubs (informally "The Scrubs") is a Category B men's prison located in the Wormwood Scrubs area of the London Borough of Hammersmith and Fulham, in inner West London, England.

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Inner London Education Authority

The Inner London Education Authority (ILEA) was an ad hoc local education authority for the City of London and the 12 Inner London boroughs from 1965 until its abolition in 1990.

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Islington

Islington is a district in Greater London, England, and part of the London Borough of Islington.

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J. Lyons and Co.

J.

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Jack the Ripper

Jack the Ripper is the best-known name for an unidentified serial killer generally believed to have been active in the largely impoverished areas in and around the Whitechapel district of London in 1888.

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John Cordy Jeaffreson

John Cordy Jeaffreson (1831–1901) was an English author.

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John Keats

John Keats (31 October 1795 – 23 February 1821) was an English Romantic poet.

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Justice of the peace

A justice of the peace (JP) is a judicial officer, of a lower or puisne court, elected or appointed by means of a commission (letters patent) to keep the peace.

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Keats House

Keats House is a writer's house museum in a house once occupied by the Romantic poet John Keats.

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Kent

Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.

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Kingdom Hall

A Kingdom Hall is a place of worship used by Jehovah's Witnesses.

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Labour Party (UK)

The Labour Party is a centre-left political party in the United Kingdom.

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Lambeth

Lambeth is a district in Central London, England, in the London Borough of Lambeth.

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Leadenhall Market

Leadenhall Market is a covered market in London, located on Gracechurch Street but with vehicular access also available via Whittington Avenue to the north and Lime Street to the south and east, and additional pedestrian access via a number of narrow passageways.

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London Borough of Tower Hamlets

The London Borough of Tower Hamlets is a London Borough in East London which covers much of the traditional East End.

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London Charterhouse

The London Charterhouse is a historic complex of buildings in Smithfield, London, dating back to the 14th century.

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London County Council

London County Council (LCC) was the principal local government body for the County of London throughout its existence from 1889 to 1965, and the first London-wide general municipal authority to be directly elected.

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London Government Act 1963

The London Government Act 1963 (c. 33) is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, which recognised officially the conurbation known as Greater London and created a new local government structure for the capital.

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London Passenger Transport Board

The London Passenger Transport Board (LPTB) was the organisation responsible for local public transport in London and its environs from 1933 to 1948.

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London Residuary Body

The London Residuary Body was a body set up in 1985 to dispose of the assets of the Greater London Council after the council's abolition in 1986.

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London School Board

The School Board for London (known colloquially as the London School Board and often abbreviated to the LSB) was an institution of local government and the first directly elected body covering the whole of London.

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Lord Chancellor

The Lord Chancellor, formally the Lord High Chancellor of Great Britain, is the highest ranking among those Great Officers of State which are appointed regularly in the United Kingdom, nominally outranking even the Prime Minister.

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Magistrate

The term magistrate is used in a variety of systems of governments and laws to refer to a civilian officer who administers the law.

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Mansion House, London

Mansion House is the official residence of the Lord Mayor of London.

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Marquess of Anglesey

Marquess of Anglesey (Ardalydd Môn) is a title in the Peerage of the United Kingdom.

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Marquess of Northampton

Marquess of Northampton is a title that has been created twice, firstly in the Peerage of England (1547), then secondly in the Peerage of the United Kingdom (1812).

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Methodism

Methodism or the Methodist movement is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley, an Anglican minister in England.

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Metropolitan Asylums Board

The Metropolitan Asylums Board (or MAB) was established under Poor Law legislation, to deal with London's sick poor.

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Metropolitan Board of Works

The Metropolitan Board of Works (MBW) was the principal instrument of London-wide government from December 1855 until the establishment of the London County Council in March 1889.

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Metropolitan Commission of Sewers

The Metropolitan Commission of Sewers was one of London's first steps towards bringing its sewer and drainage infrastructure under the control of a single public body.

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Metropolitan Railway

The Metropolitan Railway (also known as the Met) was a passenger and goods railway that served London from 1863 to 1933, its main line heading north-west from the capital's financial heart in the City to what were to become the Middlesex suburbs.

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Metropolitan Water Board (London)

The Metropolitan Water Board was founded in 1903 to bring the nine private water companies supplying water to London under a single public body.

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Middlesex

Middlesex (abbreviation: Middx) is an historic county in south-east England.

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Middlesex County Council

Middlesex County Council was the principal local government body in the administrative county of Middlesex from 1889 to 1965.

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Middlesex Guildhall

The Middlesex Guildhall is the home of the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom and of the Judicial Committee of the Privy Council.

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Middlesex Registry Act 1708

The Middlesex Registry Act 1708 (7 Ann c 20) was an Act of the Parliament of Great Britain.

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Mobile shelving

Mobile shelving, mobile aisle shelving, roller racking, or rolling stack, are terms applied to shelving or storage units fitted with wheeled traction systems.

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Model dwellings company

Model dwellings companies (MDCs) were a group of private companies in Victorian Britain that sought to improve the housing conditions of the working classes by building new homes for them, at the same time receiving a competitive rate of return on any investment.

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Moorfields Eye Hospital

Moorfields Eye Hospital is a specialist NHS eye hospital in London, England run by Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust.

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National Union of Teachers

The National Union of Teachers (NUT) was a trade union for school teachers in England, Wales, the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man.

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New River (England)

The New River is an artificial waterway in England, opened in 1613 to supply London with fresh drinking water taken from the River Lea and from Chadwell Springs and Amwell Springs (which ceased to flow by the end of the nineteenth century), and other springs and wells along its course.

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Newcastle upon Tyne

Newcastle upon Tyne, commonly known as Newcastle, is a city in Tyne and Wear, North East England, 103 miles (166 km) south of Edinburgh and 277 miles (446 km) north of London on the northern bank of the River Tyne, from the North Sea.

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Nippy

A nippy was a waitress who worked in the J. Lyons & Co tea shops and cafés in London.

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Nonconformist

In English church history, a nonconformist was a Protestant who did not "conform" to the governance and usages of the established Church of England.

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Old Bailey

The Central Criminal Court of England and Wales, commonly referred to as the Old Bailey from the street on which it stands, is a court in London and one of a number of buildings housing the Crown Court.

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Ordnance Survey

Ordnance Survey (OS) is a national mapping agency in the United Kingdom which covers the island of Great Britain.

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Parish

A parish is a church territorial entity constituting a division within a diocese.

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Peabody Trust

The Peabody Trust was founded in 1862 as the 'Peabody Donation Fund' and now brands itself simply as Peabody.

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Petty session

The Court of Petty Session, established from around the 1730s, was a local court consisting of magistrates held for a hundred in England, Wales, and Ireland.

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Philanthropy

Philanthropy means the love of humanity.

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Poor law union

A poor law union was a geographical territory, and early local government unit, in the United Kingdom and Ireland.

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Poor rate

In England and Wales the poor rate was a tax on property levied in each parish, which was used to provide poor relief.

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Public Records Act 1958

The Public Records Act 1958 is an Act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom forming the main legislation governing public records in the United Kingdom.

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Quarter session

The courts of quarter sessions or quarter sessions were local courts traditionally held at four set times each year in the Kingdom of England (including Wales) from 1388 until 1707, then in 18th-century Great Britain, in the later United Kingdom, and in other dominions of the British Empire.

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River Lea

The River Lea in England originates in Leagrave, Luton in the Chiltern Hills and flows generally southeast, east, and then south through east London where it meets the River Thames, the last looping section being known as Bow Creek.

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River Thames

The River Thames is a river that flows through southern England, most notably through London.

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Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts

The Royal Commission on Historical Manuscripts (widely known as the Historical Manuscripts Commission, and abbreviated as the HMC to distinguish it from the Royal Commission on the Historical Monuments of England), was a United Kingdom Royal Commission established in 1869 to survey and report on privately owned and privately held archival records of general historical interest.

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Royal Society of Portrait Painters

The Royal Society of Portrait Painters (RP) is an art society based at Carlton House Terrace, SW1, London.

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Samuel Barnett (reformer)

Samuel Augustus Barnett (8 February 1844 – 17 June 1913) was a Church of England cleric and social reformer who was particularly associated with the establishment of the first university settlement, Toynbee Hall, in east London in 1884.

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Sea Life London Aquarium

The Sea Life London Aquarium is located on the ground floor of County Hall on the South Bank of the River Thames in central London, near the London Eye.

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Seventh-day Adventist Church

The Seventh-day Adventist Church is a Protestant Christian denomination distinguished by its observance of Saturday, the seventh day of the week in Christian and Jewish calendars, as the Sabbath, and by its emphasis on the imminent Second Coming (advent) of Jesus Christ.

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Siege of Sidney Street

The Siege of Sidney Street of January 1911, also known as the Battle of Stepney, was a gunfight in the East End of London between a combined police and army force and two Latvian revolutionaries.

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Sikh

A Sikh (ਸਿੱਖ) is a person associated with Sikhism, a monotheistic religion that originated in the 15th century based on the revelation of Guru Nanak.

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Smithfield, London

Smithfield is a locality in the ward of Farringdon Without situated at the City of London's northwest in central London, England.

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Southwark

Southwark is a district of Central London and part of the London Borough of Southwark.

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Spitalfields

Spitalfields is an inner city district and former parish in the East End of London, Central London in the London Borough of Tower Hamlets and is near Liverpool Street station and Brick Lane.

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St Bernard's Hospital, Hanwell

St Bernard's Hospital, also known as Hanwell Insane Asylum and the Hanwell Pauper and Lunatic Asylum, was built for the pauper insane.

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St Clement Danes (parish)

St Clement Danes was a civil parish in the metropolitan area of London, England; an ecclesiastical version remains (see its Anglican church, St Clement Danes).

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St Martin in the Fields (parish)

St Martin in the Fields was a civil parish in the metropolitan area of London, England.

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St Thomas' Hospital

St Thomas' Hospital is a large NHS teaching hospital in Central London, England.

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Surrey

Surrey is a county in South East England, and one of the home counties.

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Thames Water

Thames Water Utilities Ltd, known as Thames Water, is the monopoly private utility company responsible for the public water supply and waste water treatment in large parts of Greater London, Luton, the Thames Valley, Surrey, Gloucestershire, Wiltshire, Kent, and some other areas of the United Kingdom.

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The Ramblers

The Ramblers, formally known as The Ramblers' Association, is the largest walkers' rights organisation in Great Britain, and aims to represent the interests of walkers (or ramblers).

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The Salvation Army

The Salvation Army is a Protestant Christian church and an international charitable organisation structured in a quasi-military fashion.

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Thomas Coram

Captain Thomas Coram (c. 1668 – 29 March 1751) was a philanthropist who created the London Foundling Hospital in Lamb's Conduit Fields, Bloomsbury, to look after abandoned children.

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Thomas Sutton

Thomas Sutton (1532–1611) was an English civil servant and businessman, born in Knaith, Lincolnshire.

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Tower Bridge

Tower Bridge is a combined bascule and suspension bridge in London built between 1886 and 1894.

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Transport for London

Transport for London (TfL) is a local government body responsible for the transport system in Greater London, England.

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Truman's Brewery

Truman's Brewery was a large East London brewery and one of the largest brewers in the world at the end of the 19th century.

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United Synagogue

The United Synagogue is a union of British Orthodox Jewish synagogues, representing the central Orthodox movement in Judaism.

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Vestry

A vestry was a committee for the local secular and ecclesiastical government for a parish in England and Wales, which originally met in the vestry or sacristy of the parish church, and consequently became known colloquially as the "vestry".

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Watney Combe & Reid

Watney Combe & Reid was a leading brewery in London.

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Whitbread

Whitbread PLC is a British multinational hotel, coffee shop and restaurant company headquartered in Houghton Regis, Bedfordshire, United Kingdom.

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Whitechapel murders

The Whitechapel murders were committed in or near the impoverished Whitechapel district in the East End of London between 3 April 1888 and 13 February 1891.

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Will and testament

A will or testament is a legal document by which a person, the testator, expresses their wishes as to how their property is to be distributed at death, and names one or more persons, the executor, to manage the estate until its final distribution.

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William Le Hardy

Lieutenant-Colonel William Henry Clement Le Hardy (1889 – 28 December 1961) was an English archivist.

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Wiltshire

Wiltshire is a county in South West England with an area of.

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Workhouse

In England and Wales a workhouse, colloquially known as a spike, was a place where those unable to support themselves were offered accommodation and employment.

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Yorkshire

Yorkshire (abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom.

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Redirects here:

CLRO, City of London Record Office, Corporation of London Record Office, GLRO, Greater London Record Office, London Metropolitan Archive.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/London_Metropolitan_Archives

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