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187 relations: Actinide, Actinium, Aluminium, Americium, Ammonia, Anodic protection, Antimony, Associative substitution, Astatine, Barium, Berkelium, Beryllium, Bismuth, Blood, Bohrium, Cadmium, Caesium, Calcium, Californium, Cerium, Chemical element, Chemical formula, Chromium, Cobalt, Conductivity (electrolytic), Congener (chemistry), Coordinate covalent bond, Coordination complex, Coordination sphere, Copernicium, Copper, Crystal field theory, Curium, Darmstadtium, Determination of equilibrium constants, Diffusion, Dimethyl sulfoxide, Dimethylformamide, Dissociation (chemistry), Dissociative substitution, Dodecahedron, Dubnium, Dysprosium, Einsteinium, Electrochemistry, Electrophoresis, Enthalpy, Entropy, Equilibrium constant, Erbium, ..., Europium, Fermium, Flerovium, Francium, Gadolinium, Gallium, Galvanization, Germanium, Gold, Hafnium, Half-life, Hard water, Hassium, Hexagonal bipyramid, Holmium, HSAB theory, Hydration number, Hydrogen bond, Hydrogen ion, Indium, Infrared spectroscopy, Ion, Ion association, Iridium, Iron, Jahn–Teller effect, Joule per mole, Lanthanide, Lanthanide contraction, Lanthanum, Lawrencium, Lead, Lithium, Lithium chloride, Livermorium, Lutetium, Magnesium, Manganese, Meitnerium, Mendelevium, Mercury (element), Metal, Metalloid, Methanol, Microsecond, Mineral (nutrient), Mineral water, Molecular symmetry, Molecular vibration, Molybdenum, Moscovium, Neodymium, Neptunium, Nickel, Nickel(II) chloride, Nihonium, Niobium, Nobelium, Oganesson, Osmium, Oxalate, Oxidation state, Oxyanion, Palladium, Parts-per notation, Pentagonal bipyramid, Periodic table, Permanganate, Perspiration, Picosecond, Platinum, Plutonium, Plutonyl, Polonium, Potassium, Praseodymium, Proceedings of the Royal Society, Promethium, Protactinium, Pure and Applied Chemistry, Radial distribution function, Radium, Raman spectroscopy, Rate-determining step, Reaction rate constant, Redox, Relaxation (NMR), Residence time, Rhenium, Rhodium, Roentgenium, Rubidium, Ruthenium, Rutherfordium, Samarium, Scandium, Seaborgium, Seawater, Second, Self-ionization of water, Sigma bond, Silver, Sodium, Solvation shell, Solvent, Sports drink, Square antiprism, Standard deviation, Standard electrode potential, Strontium, Tantalum, Tap water, Technetium, Tennessine, Terbium, Thallium, Thermodynamic activity, Thorium, Thulium, Time constant, Tin, Titanium, Tonicity, Transactinide element, Transition state, Tungsten, Uranium, Uranyl, Vanadium, Vanadyl ion, Water, Year, Ytterbium, Yttrium, Zeitschrift für Naturforschung, Zinc, Zirconium. Expand index (137 more) »
Actinide
The actinide or actinoid (IUPAC nomenclature) series encompasses the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers from 89 to 103, actinium through lawrencium.
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Actinium
Actinium is a chemical element with symbol Ac and atomic number 89.
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Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
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Americium
Americium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Am and atomic number 95.
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Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
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Anodic protection
Anodic protection (AP) is a technique to control the corrosion of a metal surface by making it the anode of an electrochemical cell and controlling the electrode potential in a zone where the metal is passive.
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Antimony
Antimony is a chemical element with symbol Sb (from stibium) and atomic number 51.
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Associative substitution
Associative substitution describes a pathway by which compounds interchange ligands.
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Astatine
Astatine is a radioactive chemical element with symbol At and atomic number 85.
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Barium
Barium is a chemical element with symbol Ba and atomic number 56.
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Berkelium
Berkelium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with symbol Bk and atomic number 97.
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Beryllium
Beryllium is a chemical element with symbol Be and atomic number 4.
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Bismuth
Bismuth is a chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83.
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Blood
Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.
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Bohrium
Bohrium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Bh and atomic number 107.
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Cadmium
Cadmium is a chemical element with symbol Cd and atomic number 48.
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Caesium
Caesium (British spelling and IUPAC spelling) or cesium (American spelling) is a chemical element with symbol Cs and atomic number 55.
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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Californium
Californium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Cf and atomic number 98.
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Cerium
Cerium is a chemical element with symbol Ce and atomic number 58.
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Chemical element
A chemical element is a species of atoms having the same number of protons in their atomic nuclei (that is, the same atomic number, or Z).
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Chemical formula
A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs.
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Chromium
Chromium is a chemical element with symbol Cr and atomic number 24.
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Cobalt
Cobalt is a chemical element with symbol Co and atomic number 27.
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Conductivity (electrolytic)
Conductivity (or specific conductance) of an electrolyte solution is a measure of its ability to conduct electricity.
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Congener (chemistry)
In chemistry, congeners are related chemical substances "related to each other by origin, structure, or function".
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Coordinate covalent bond
A coordinate covalent bond, also known as a dative bond or coordinate bond is a kind of 2-center, 2-electron covalent bond in which the two electrons derive from the same atom.
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Coordination complex
In chemistry, a coordination complex consists of a central atom or ion, which is usually metallic and is called the coordination centre, and a surrounding array of bound molecules or ions, that are in turn known as ligands or complexing agents.
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Coordination sphere
In coordination chemistry, the coordination sphere refers to a central atom or ion and an array of molecules or anions, the ligands, around.
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Copernicium
Copernicium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Cn and atomic number 112.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Crystal field theory
Crystal Field Theory (CFT) is a model that describes the breaking of degeneracies of electron orbital states, usually d or f orbitals, due to a static electric field produced by a surrounding charge distribution (anion neighbors).
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Curium
Curium is a transuranic radioactive chemical element with symbol Cm and atomic number 96.
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Darmstadtium
Darmstadtium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Ds and atomic number 110.
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Determination of equilibrium constants
Equilibrium constants are determined in order to quantify chemical equilibria.
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Diffusion
Diffusion is the net movement of molecules or atoms from a region of high concentration (or high chemical potential) to a region of low concentration (or low chemical potential) as a result of random motion of the molecules or atoms.
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Dimethyl sulfoxide
Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) is an organosulfur compound with the formula (CH3)2SO.
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Dimethylformamide
Dimethylformamide is an organic compound with the formula (CH3)2NC(O)H.
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Dissociation (chemistry)
Dissociation in chemistry and biochemistry is a general process in which molecules (or ionic compounds such as salts, or complexes) separate or split into smaller particles such as atoms, ions or radicals, usually in a reversible manner.
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Dissociative substitution
Dissociative substitution describes a pathway by which compounds interchange ligands.
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Dodecahedron
In geometry, a dodecahedron (Greek δωδεκάεδρον, from δώδεκα dōdeka "twelve" + ἕδρα hédra "base", "seat" or "face") is any polyhedron with twelve flat faces.
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Dubnium
Dubnium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Db and atomic number 105.
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Dysprosium
Dysprosium is a chemical element with symbol Dy and atomic number 66.
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Einsteinium
Einsteinium is a synthetic element with symbol Es and atomic number 99.
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Electrochemistry
Electrochemistry is the branch of physical chemistry that studies the relationship between electricity, as a measurable and quantitative phenomenon, and identifiable chemical change, with either electricity considered an outcome of a particular chemical change or vice versa.
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Electrophoresis
Electrophoresis (from the Greek "Ηλεκτροφόρηση" meaning "to bear electrons") is the motion of dispersed particles relative to a fluid under the influence of a spatially uniform electric field.
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Enthalpy
Enthalpy is a property of a thermodynamic system.
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Entropy
In statistical mechanics, entropy is an extensive property of a thermodynamic system.
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Equilibrium constant
The equilibrium constant of a chemical reaction is the value of its reaction quotient at chemical equilibrium, a state approached by a dynamic chemical system after sufficient time has elapsed at which its composition has no measurable tendency towards further change.
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Erbium
Erbium is a chemical element with symbol Er and atomic number 68.
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Europium
Europium is a chemical element with symbol Eu and atomic number 63.
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Fermium
Fermium is a synthetic element with symbol Fm and atomic number 100.
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Flerovium
Flerovium is a superheavy artificial chemical element with symbol Fl and atomic number 114.
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Francium
Francium is a chemical element with symbol Fr and atomic number 87.
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Gadolinium
Gadolinium is a chemical element with symbol Gd and atomic number 64.
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Gallium
Gallium is a chemical element with symbol Ga and atomic number 31.
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Galvanization
Galvanization or galvanizing is the process of applying a protective zinc coating to steel or iron, to prevent rusting.
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Germanium
Germanium is a chemical element with symbol Ge and atomic number 32.
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Gold
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.
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Hafnium
Hafnium is a chemical element with symbol Hf and atomic number 72.
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Half-life
Half-life (symbol t1⁄2) is the time required for a quantity to reduce to half its initial value.
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Hard water
Hard water is water that has high mineral content (in contrast with "soft water").
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Hassium
Hassium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Hs and atomic number 108.
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Hexagonal bipyramid
A hexagonal bipyramid is a polyhedron formed from two hexagonal pyramids joined at their bases.
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Holmium
Holmium is a chemical element with symbol Ho and atomic number 67.
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HSAB theory
HSAB concept is an initialism for "hard and soft (Lewis) acids and bases".
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Hydration number
The hydration number, or solvation number of a compound is defined as the average number of molecules bound to the compound more strongly (by 13.3 kcal/mol or more) than they are bound to other water molecules.
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Hydrogen bond
A hydrogen bond is a partially electrostatic attraction between a hydrogen (H) which is bound to a more electronegative atom such as nitrogen (N), oxygen (O), or fluorine (F), and another adjacent atom bearing a lone pair of electrons.
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Hydrogen ion
A hydrogen ion is created when a hydrogen atom loses or gains an electron.
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Indium
Indium is a chemical element with symbol In and atomic number 49.
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Infrared spectroscopy
Infrared spectroscopy (IR spectroscopy or vibrational spectroscopy) involves the interaction of infrared radiation with matter.
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Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
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Ion association
In chemistry, ion association is a chemical reaction whereby ions of opposite electrical charge come together in solution to form a distinct chemical entity.
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Iridium
Iridium is a chemical element with symbol Ir and atomic number 77.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Jahn–Teller effect
The Jahn–Teller effect (JT effect or JTE) is an important mechanism of spontaneous symmetry breaking in molecular and solid-state systems which has far-reaching consequences for different fields, and it is related to a variety of applications in spectroscopy, stereochemistry and crystal chemistry, molecular and solid-state physics, and materials science.
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Joule per mole
The joule per mole (symbol: J·mole−1 or J/mol) is an SI derived unit of energy per amount of material.
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Lanthanide
The lanthanide or lanthanoid series of chemical elements comprises the 15 metallic chemical elements with atomic numbers 57 through 71, from lanthanum through lutetium.
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Lanthanide contraction
The lanthanide contraction is the greater-than-expected decrease in ionic radii of the elements in the lanthanide series from atomic number 57, lanthanum, to 71, lutetium, which results in smaller than otherwise expected ionic radii for the subsequent elements starting with 72, hafnium.
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Lanthanum
Lanthanum is a chemical element with symbol La and atomic number 57.
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Lawrencium
Lawrencium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lr (formerly Lw) and atomic number 103.
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Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
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Lithium
Lithium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3.
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Lithium chloride
Lithium chloride is a chemical compound with the formula LiCl.
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Livermorium
Livermorium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Lv and atomic number 116.
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Lutetium
Lutetium is a chemical element with symbol Lu and atomic number 71.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
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Meitnerium
Meitnerium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Mt and atomic number 109.
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Mendelevium
Mendelevium is a synthetic element with chemical symbol Md (formerly Mv) and atomic number 101.
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Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
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Metal
A metal (from Greek μέταλλον métallon, "mine, quarry, metal") is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard when in solid state, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.
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Metalloid
A metalloid is any chemical element which has properties in between those of metals and nonmetals, or that has a mixture of them.
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Methanol
Methanol, also known as methyl alcohol among others, is a chemical with the formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated MeOH).
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Microsecond
A microsecond is an SI unit of time equal to one millionth (0.000001 or 10−6 or 1/1,000,000) of a second.
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Mineral (nutrient)
In the context of nutrition, a mineral is a chemical element required as an essential nutrient by organisms to perform functions necessary for life.
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Mineral water
Mineral water is water from a mineral spring that contains various minerals, such as salts and sulfur compounds.
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Molecular symmetry
Molecular symmetry in chemistry describes the symmetry present in molecules and the classification of molecules according to their symmetry.
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Molecular vibration
A molecular vibration occurs when atoms in a molecule are in periodic motion while the molecule as a whole has constant translational and rotational motion.
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Molybdenum
Molybdenum is a chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42.
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Moscovium
Moscovium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Mc and atomic number 115.
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Neodymium
Neodymium is a chemical element with symbol Nd and atomic number 60.
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Neptunium
Neptunium is a chemical element with symbol Np and atomic number 93.
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Nickel
Nickel is a chemical element with symbol Ni and atomic number 28.
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Nickel(II) chloride
Nickel(II) chloride (or just nickel chloride), is the chemical compound NiCl2.
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Nihonium
Nihonium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Nh and atomic number 113.
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Niobium
Niobium, formerly known as columbium, is a chemical element with symbol Nb (formerly Cb) and atomic number 41.
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Nobelium
Nobelium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol No and atomic number 102.
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Oganesson
Oganesson is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Og and atomic number 118.
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Osmium
Osmium (from Greek ὀσμή osme, "smell") is a chemical element with symbol Os and atomic number 76.
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Oxalate
Oxalate (IUPAC: ethanedioate) is the dianion with the formula, also written.
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Oxidation state
The oxidation state, sometimes referred to as oxidation number, describes degree of oxidation (loss of electrons) of an atom in a chemical compound.
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Oxyanion
An oxyanion, or oxoanion, is an ion with the generic formula (where A represents a chemical element and O represents an oxygen atom).
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Palladium
Palladium is a chemical element with symbol Pd and atomic number 46.
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Parts-per notation
In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.
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Pentagonal bipyramid
In geometry, the pentagonal bipyramid (or dipyramid) is third of the infinite set of face-transitive bipyramids.
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Periodic table
The periodic table is a tabular arrangement of the chemical elements, ordered by their atomic number, electron configuration, and recurring chemical properties, whose structure shows periodic trends.
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Permanganate
A permanganate is the general name for a chemical compound containing the manganate(VII) ion,.
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Perspiration
Perspiration, also known as sweating, is the production of fluids secreted by the sweat glands in the skin of mammals.
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Picosecond
A picosecond is an SI unit of time equal to 10−12 or 1/1,000,000,000,000 (one trillionth) of a second.
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Platinum
Platinum is a chemical element with symbol Pt and atomic number 78.
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Plutonium
Plutonium is a radioactive chemical element with symbol Pu and atomic number 94.
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Plutonyl
The plutonyl ion is an oxycation of plutonium in the oxidation state +6, with the chemical formula.
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Polonium
Polonium is a chemical element with symbol Po and atomic number 84.
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Potassium
Potassium is a chemical element with symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number 19.
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Praseodymium
Praseodymium is a chemical element with symbol Pr and atomic number 59.
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Proceedings of the Royal Society
Proceedings of the Royal Society is the parent title of two scientific journals published by the Royal Society.
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Promethium
Promethium is a chemical element with symbol Pm and atomic number 61.
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Protactinium
Protactinium (formerly protoactinium) is a chemical element with symbol Pa and atomic number 91.
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Pure and Applied Chemistry
Pure and Applied Chemistry (abbreviated Pure Appl. Chem.) is the official journal for the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC).
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Radial distribution function
In statistical mechanics, the radial distribution function, (or pair correlation function) g(r) in a system of particles (atoms, molecules, colloids, etc.), describes how density varies as a function of distance from a reference particle.
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Radium
Radium is a chemical element with symbol Ra and atomic number 88.
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Raman spectroscopy
Raman spectroscopy (named after Indian physicist Sir C. V. Raman) is a spectroscopic technique used to observe vibrational, rotational, and other low-frequency modes in a system.
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Rate-determining step
In chemical kinetics, the overall rate of a reaction is often approximately determined by the slowest step, known as the rate-determining step (RDS) or rate-limiting step.
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Reaction rate constant
In chemical kinetics a reaction rate constant or reaction rate coefficient, k, quantifies the rate of a chemical reaction.
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Redox
Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.
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Relaxation (NMR)
In nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) the term relaxation describes how signals change with time.
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Residence time
For material flowing through a volume, the residence time is a measure of how much time the matter spends in it.
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Rhenium
Rhenium is a chemical element with symbol Re and atomic number 75.
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Rhodium
Rhodium is a chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45.
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Roentgenium
Roentgenium is a chemical element with symbol Rg and atomic number 111.
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Rubidium
Rubidium is a chemical element with symbol Rb and atomic number 37.
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Ruthenium
Ruthenium is a chemical element with symbol Ru and atomic number 44.
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Rutherfordium
Rutherfordium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Rf and atomic number 104, named after physicist Ernest Rutherford.
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Samarium
Samarium is a chemical element with symbol Sm and atomic number 62.
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Scandium
Scandium is a chemical element with symbol Sc and atomic number 21.
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Seaborgium
Seaborgium is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Sg and atomic number 106.
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Seawater
Seawater, or salt water, is water from a sea or ocean.
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Second
The second is the SI base unit of time, commonly understood and historically defined as 1/86,400 of a day – this factor derived from the division of the day first into 24 hours, then to 60 minutes and finally to 60 seconds each.
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Self-ionization of water
The self-ionization of water (also autoionization of water, and autodissociation of water) is an ionization reaction in pure water or in an aqueous solution, in which a water molecule, H2O, deprotonates (loses the nucleus of one of its hydrogen atoms) to become a hydroxide ion, OH−.
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Sigma bond
In chemistry, sigma bonds (σ bonds) are the strongest type of covalent chemical bond.
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Silver
Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (from the Latin argentum, derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47.
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Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.
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Solvation shell
A solvation shell is the solvent interface of any chemical compound or biomolecule that constitutes the solute.
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Solvent
A solvent (from the Latin solvō, "loosen, untie, solve") is a substance that dissolves a solute (a chemically distinct liquid, solid or gas), resulting in a solution.
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Sports drink
Sports drinks are beverages whose stated purpose is to help athletes replace water, electrolytes, and energy before and after training or competition, though their efficiency for that purpose has been questioned, particularly after exercise.
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Square antiprism
In geometry, the square antiprism is the second in an infinite set of antiprisms formed by an even-numbered sequence of triangle sides closed by two polygon caps.
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Standard deviation
In statistics, the standard deviation (SD, also represented by the Greek letter sigma σ or the Latin letter s) is a measure that is used to quantify the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of data values.
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Standard electrode potential
In electrochemistry, the standard electrode potential is the measure of the individual potential of a reversible electrode at standard state, i.e., with solutes at an effective concentration of 1 mol dm−3 and gases at a pressure of 1 atm.
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Strontium
Strontium is the chemical element with symbol Sr and atomic number 38.
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Tantalum
Tantalum is a chemical element with symbol Ta and atomic number 73.
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Tap water
Tap water (running water, city water, town water, municipal water, etc.) is water supplied to a tap (valve).
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Technetium
Technetium is a chemical element with symbol Tc and atomic number 43.
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Tennessine
Tennessine is a synthetic chemical element with symbol Ts and atomic number 117.
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Terbium
Terbium is a chemical element with symbol Tb and atomic number 65.
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Thallium
Thallium is a chemical element with symbol Tl and atomic number 81.
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Thermodynamic activity
In chemical thermodynamics, activity (symbol) is a measure of the "effective concentration" of a species in a mixture, in the sense that the species' chemical potential depends on the activity of a real solution in the same way that it would depend on concentration for an ideal solution.
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Thorium
Thorium is a weakly radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Th and atomic number 90.
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Thulium
Thulium is a chemical element with symbol Tm and atomic number 69.
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Time constant
In physics and engineering, the time constant, usually denoted by the Greek letter τ (tau), is the parameter characterizing the response to a step input of a first-order, linear time-invariant (LTI) system.
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Tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from stannum) and atomic number 50.
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Titanium
Titanium is a chemical element with symbol Ti and atomic number 22.
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Tonicity
Tonicity is a measure of the effective osmotic pressure gradient, as defined by the water potential of two solutions separated by a semipermeable membrane.
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Transactinide element
In chemistry, transactinide elements (also, transactinides, or super-heavy elements) are the chemical elements with atomic numbers from 104 to 120.
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Transition state
The transition state of a chemical reaction is a particular configuration along the reaction coordinate.
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Tungsten
Tungsten, or wolfram, is a chemical element with symbol W (referring to wolfram) and atomic number 74.
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Uranium
Uranium is a chemical element with symbol U and atomic number 92.
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Uranyl
The uranyl ion is an oxycation of uranium in the oxidation state +6, with the chemical formula.
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Vanadium
Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23.
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Vanadyl ion
The vanadyl or oxovanadium(IV) cation, VO2+, is a blue-coloured vanadium oxocation at an oxidation state of +4.
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Water
Water is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms.
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Year
A year is the orbital period of the Earth moving in its orbit around the Sun.
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Ytterbium
Ytterbium is a chemical element with symbol Yb and atomic number 70.
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Yttrium
Yttrium is a chemical element with symbol Y and atomic number 39.
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Zeitschrift für Naturforschung
The Zeitschrift für Naturforschung (English: Journal for Nature Research) was a peer-reviewed monthly academic journal which was established by Kaiser Wilhelm Institute scientists in 1946.
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
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Zirconium
Zirconium is a chemical element with symbol Zr and atomic number 40.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metal_ions_in_aqueous_solution
