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Methods of detecting exoplanets

Index Methods of detecting exoplanets

Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star. [1]

189 relations: AB Pictoris, Absorption spectroscopy, Albedo, Aleksander Wolszczan, American Astronomical Society, Andrzej Udalski, Apsidal precession, Asteroid, Astronomer, Astronomical unit, Aurora, Avi Loeb, Barycenter, Beta Pictoris, Binary mass function, Binary star, Bohdan Paczyński, Brady Haran, Brown dwarf, Calcium, Cataclysmic variable star, Celsius, Center of mass, CHEOPS, Circumbinary planet, Circumstellar habitable zone, CNES, Coronagraph, CoRoT, Cygnus (constellation), Dale Frail, David Charbonneau, Debris disk, Doppler effect, Doppler spectroscopy, Eclipse, Epsilon Eridani, European Research Council, European Southern Observatory, European Space Agency, Exomoon, Exoplanet, Fomalhaut, Fomalhaut b, Fresnel Imager, Gaia (spacecraft), Gemini Observatory, Gemini Planet Imager, George David Gatewood, Gliese 436 b, ..., Gliese 758, Gliese 876, Goddard Space Flight Center, GQ Lupi b, H-alpha, Hale Telescope, Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, HATNet Project, HD 17156 b, HD 176051, HD 189733 b, HD 209458, HD 209458 b, Herschel Space Observatory, High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher, Hot Neptune, HR 8799, Hubble Space Telescope, Infrared, Interferometry, Io (moon), Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Johannes Kepler, Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada, Jupiter, Jupiter mass, Kappa Andromedae, Kelvin, Kepler (spacecraft), Kepler-16b, Kepler-19b, Kepler-19c, Kepler-36, Kepler-37b, Kepler-62c, Kepler-70b, Kepler-70c, Kepler-76b, Kepler-88, Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope, Kuiper belt, La Silla Observatory, Lalande 21185, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Light-year, List of exoplanets, LOFAR, Lucky imaging, Magnesium, Main sequence, Marcin Kubiak, MEarth Project, Methods of detecting exoplanets, Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics, Minimum mass, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, Moon, MOST (satellite), NASA, Neptune, New Worlds Mission, Nuller, Occultation, OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment, Optical vortex, Optothermal stability, Palomar Observatory, Parallax, PDF, Phase curve (astronomy), Photometry (astronomy), Planet, Planetary phase, PlanetPol, Plasma (physics), PLATO (spacecraft), Probing Lensing Anomalies Network, Proceedings of SPIE, Proxima Centauri b, PSR B1257+12, Pulsar, Radial velocity, Radiation pressure, Radio, Red dwarf, Red giant, Robotic telescope, Roche limit, Rogue planet, Rossiter–McLaughlin effect, Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search, Science (journal), SCR 1845-6357, Signal-to-noise ratio, Solar analog, Solar System, Space Interferometry Mission, Space Sciences Laboratory, Speckle imaging, Spectral line, Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research, Spectrograph, Spectrometer, Spectroscopy, SPICA (spacecraft), Spitzer Space Telescope, Star, Stellar atmosphere, Subaru Telescope, Subgiant, Sun, Super-Jupiter, Supernova, Tau Boötis b, Tau Ceti, The Astrophysical Journal, Transit (astronomy), Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite, TrES-1b, Twinkling, Two-body problem, V391 Pegasi b, VB 10, Very Large Telescope, Vortex coronagraph, W. M. Keck Observatory, Warsaw, WD 1145+017, White dwarf, Wide Angle Search for Planets, Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope, William Herschel, William Stephen Jacob, ZIMPOL/CHEOPS, 1RXS J160929.1−210524, 2M1207b, 51 Pegasi b, 70 Ophiuchi. Expand index (139 more) »

AB Pictoris

AB Pictoris (abbreviated AB Pic, also catalogued as HD 44627) is a K-type star, approximately 148 light-years away in the constellation of Pictor.

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Absorption spectroscopy

Absorption spectroscopy refers to spectroscopic techniques that measure the absorption of radiation, as a function of frequency or wavelength, due to its interaction with a sample.

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Albedo

Albedo (albedo, meaning "whiteness") is the measure of the diffuse reflection of solar radiation out of the total solar radiation received by an astronomical body (e.g. a planet like Earth).

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Aleksander Wolszczan

Aleksander Wolszczan (born 29 April 1946 in Szczecinek, Poland) is a Polish astronomer.

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American Astronomical Society

The American Astronomical Society (AAS, sometimes spoken as "double-A-S") is an American society of professional astronomers and other interested individuals, headquartered in Washington, DC.

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Andrzej Udalski

Andrzej Udalski (born 22 January 1957 in Łódź, Poland) is a Polish astronomer and astrophysicist, and director of the Astronomical Observatory of the University of Warsaw.

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Apsidal precession

In celestial mechanics, apsidal precession or orbital precession is the precession (rotation) of the orbit of a celestial body.

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Asteroid

Asteroids are minor planets, especially those of the inner Solar System.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Astronomical unit

The astronomical unit (symbol: au, ua, or AU) is a unit of length, roughly the distance from Earth to the Sun.

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Aurora

An aurora (plural: auroras or aurorae), sometimes referred to as polar lights, northern lights (aurora borealis) or southern lights (aurora australis), is a natural light display in the Earth's sky, predominantly seen in the high-latitude regions (around the Arctic and Antarctic).

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Avi Loeb

Abraham (Avi) Loeb is an Israeli American theoretical physicist who works on astrophysics and cosmology.

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Barycenter

The barycenter (or barycentre; from the Ancient Greek βαρύς heavy + κέντρον centre) is the center of mass of two or more bodies that are orbiting each other, which is the point around which they both orbit.

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Beta Pictoris

Beta Pictoris (β Pic, β Pictoris) is the second brightest star in the constellation Pictor.

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Binary mass function

In astronomy, the binary mass function or simply mass function is a function that constrains the mass of the unseen component (typically a star or exoplanet) in a single-lined spectroscopic binary star or in a planetary system.

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Binary star

A binary star is a star system consisting of two stars orbiting around their common barycenter.

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Bohdan Paczyński

Bohdan Paczyński or Bohdan Paczynski (8 February 1940 – 19 April 2007) was a Polish astronomer notable in the theory of the stellar evolution, accretion discs, and gamma ray bursts.

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Brady Haran

Brady John Haran (born 18 June 1976) is an Australian-born British independent filmmaker and video journalist who is known for his educational videos and documentary films produced for BBC News and his YouTube channels, the most notable being Periodic Videos and Numberphile.

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Brown dwarf

Brown dwarfs are substellar objects that occupy the mass range between the heaviest gas giant planets and the lightest stars, having masses between approximately 13 to 75–80 times that of Jupiter, or approximately to about.

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Calcium

Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.

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Cataclysmic variable star

Cataclysmic variable stars (CV) are stars which irregularly increase in brightness by a large factor, then drop back down to a quiescent state.

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Celsius

The Celsius scale, previously known as the centigrade scale, is a temperature scale used by the International System of Units (SI).

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Center of mass

In physics, the center of mass of a distribution of mass in space is the unique point where the weighted relative position of the distributed mass sums to zero, or the point where if a force is applied it moves in the direction of the force without rotating.

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CHEOPS

CHEOPS (CHaracterising ExOPlanets Satellite) is a planned European space telescope for the study of the formation of extrasolar planets.

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Circumbinary planet

A circumbinary planet is a planet that orbits two stars instead of one.

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Circumstellar habitable zone

In astronomy and astrobiology, the circumstellar habitable zone (CHZ), or simply the habitable zone, is the range of orbits around a star within which a planetary surface can support liquid water given sufficient atmospheric pressure.

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CNES

The Centre national d'études spatiales (CNES) (English: National Centre for Space Studies) is the French government space agency (administratively, a "public administration with industrial and commercial purpose").

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Coronagraph

A coronagraph is a telescopic attachment designed to block out the direct light from a star so that nearby objects – which otherwise would be hidden in the star's bright glare – can be resolved.

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CoRoT

CoRoT (French: Convection, Rotation et Transits planétaires; English: Convection, Rotation and planetary Transits) was a space observatory mission which operated from 2006 to 2013.

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Cygnus (constellation)

Cygnus is a northern constellation lying on the plane of the Milky Way, deriving its name from the Latinized Greek word for swan.

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Dale Frail

Dale A. Frail is an astronomer working at the National Radio Astronomy Observatory (NRAO) in Socorro, New Mexico.

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David Charbonneau

David Charbonneau is a Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University.

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Debris disk

A debris disk is a circumstellar disk of dust and debris in orbit around a star.

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Doppler effect

The Doppler effect (or the Doppler shift) is the change in frequency or wavelength of a wave in relation to observer who is moving relative to the wave source.

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Doppler spectroscopy

Doppler spectroscopy (also known as the radial-velocity method, or colloquially, the wobble method) is an indirect method for finding extrasolar planets and brown dwarfs from radial-velocity measurements via observation of Doppler shifts in the spectrum of the planet's parent star.

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Eclipse

An eclipse is an astronomical event that occurs when an astronomical object is temporarily obscured, either by passing into the shadow of another body or by having another body pass between it and the viewer.

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Epsilon Eridani

Epsilon Eridani (ε Eridani, abbreviated Epsilon Eri, ε Eri), also named Ran, is a star in the southern constellation of Eridanus, at a declination of 9.46° south of the celestial equator.

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European Research Council

The European Research Council (ERC) is a public body for funding of scientific and technological research conducted within the European Union (EU).

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European Southern Observatory

The European Southern Observatory (ESO) is a 15-nation intergovernmental research organization for ground-based astronomy.

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European Space Agency

The European Space Agency (ESA; Agence spatiale européenne, ASE; Europäische Weltraumorganisation) is an intergovernmental organisation of 22 member states dedicated to the exploration of space.

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Exomoon

An exomoon or extrasolar moon is a natural satellite that orbits an exoplanet or other non-stellar extrasolar body.

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Exoplanet

An exoplanet or extrasolar planet is a planet outside our solar system.

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Fomalhaut

Fomalhaut, also designated Alpha Piscis Austrini (α Piscis Austrini, abbreviated Alpha PsA, α PsA) is the brightest star in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus and one of the brightest stars in the sky.

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Fomalhaut b

Fomalhaut b, also known as Dagon, is a confirmed, directly imaged extrasolar object and candidate planet orbiting the A-type main-sequence star Fomalhaut, approximately 25 light-years away in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus.

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Fresnel Imager

--> A Fresnel imager is a proposed ultra-lightweight design for a space telescope that uses a Fresnel array as primary optics instead of a typical lens.

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Gaia (spacecraft)

Gaia is a space observatory of the European Space Agency (ESA) designed for astrometry: measuring the positions and distances of stars with unprecedented precision.

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Gemini Observatory

The Gemini Observatory is an astronomical observatory consisting of two 8.19-metre (26.9 ft) telescopes, Gemini North and Gemini South, which are located at two separate sites in Hawaii and Chile, respectively.

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Gemini Planet Imager

The Gemini Planet Imager (GPI) is a high contrast imaging instrument that was built for the Gemini South Telescope in Chile.

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George David Gatewood

George David Gatewood (born 1940) also known as George G. Gatewood, is an American astronomer and presently is professor emeritus at the University of Pittsburgh and at the Allegheny Observatory.

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Gliese 436 b

Gliese 436 b (sometimes called GJ 436 b) is a Neptune-sized exoplanet orbiting the red dwarf Gliese 436.

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Gliese 758

Gliese 758 is a star in the northern constellation of Lyra.

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Gliese 876

Gliese 876 is a red dwarf approximately 15 light-years away from Earth in the constellation of Aquarius.

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Goddard Space Flight Center

The Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC) is a major NASA space research laboratory located approximately northeast of Washington, D.C. in Greenbelt, Maryland, United States.

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GQ Lupi b

GQ Lupi b is a possible extrasolar planet or brown dwarf orbiting the star GQ Lupi.

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H-alpha

H-alpha (Hα) is a specific deep-red visible spectral line in the Balmer series with a wavelength of 656.28 nm in air; it occurs when a hydrogen electron falls from its third to second lowest energy level.

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Hale Telescope

The Hale telescope is a, f/3.3 reflecting telescope at the Palomar Observatory in California, US, named after astronomer George Ellery Hale.

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Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics

The Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) is a research institute which carries out a broad program of research in astronomy, astrophysics, earth and space sciences, and science education.

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HATNet Project

The Hungarian Automated Telescope Network (HATNet) project is a network of six small fully automated "HAT" telescopes.

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HD 17156 b

HD 17156 b is an extrasolar planet approximately 240 light-years away in the constellation of Cassiopeia.

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HD 176051

HD 176051 is a spectroscopic binary star system approximately 49 light years away from Earth in the constellation Lyra.

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HD 189733 b

HD 189733 b is an extrasolar planet approximately 63 light-years away from the Solar System in the constellation of Vulpecula.

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HD 209458

HD 209458 is an 8th-magnitude star in the constellation Pegasus.

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HD 209458 b

HD 209458 b, also given the nickname Osiris,http://exoplanets.co/exoplanets-tutorial/extrasolar-planet-hd-209458-b.html is an exoplanet that orbits the solar analog HD 209458 in the constellation Pegasus, some 159 light-years from the Solar System.

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Herschel Space Observatory

The Herschel Space Observatory was a space observatory built and operated by the European Space Agency (ESA).

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High Accuracy Radial Velocity Planet Searcher

The High Accuracy Radial velocity Planet Searcher (HARPS) is a high-precision echelle planet finding spectrograph installed in 2002 on the ESO's 3.6m telescope at La Silla Observatory in Chile.

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Hot Neptune

A hot Neptune or Hoptune is a type of giant planet with a mass similar to that of Uranus or Neptune orbiting close to its star, normally within less than 1 AU.

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HR 8799

HR 8799 is a roughly 30 million-year-old main-sequence star located 129 light years (39 parsecs) away from Earth in the constellation of Pegasus.

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Hubble Space Telescope

The Hubble Space Telescope (HST) is a space telescope that was launched into low Earth orbit in 1990 and remains in operation.

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Infrared

Infrared radiation (IR) is electromagnetic radiation (EMR) with longer wavelengths than those of visible light, and is therefore generally invisible to the human eye (although IR at wavelengths up to 1050 nm from specially pulsed lasers can be seen by humans under certain conditions). It is sometimes called infrared light.

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Interferometry

Interferometry is a family of techniques in which waves, usually electromagnetic waves, are superimposed causing the phenomenon of interference in order to extract information.

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Io (moon)

Io (Jupiter I) is the innermost of the four Galilean moons of the planet Jupiter.

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Jet Propulsion Laboratory

The Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL) is a federally funded research and development center and NASA field center in Pasadena, California, United States, with large portions of the campus in La Cañada Flintridge, California.

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Johannes Kepler

Johannes Kepler (December 27, 1571 – November 15, 1630) was a German mathematician, astronomer, and astrologer.

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Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada

The Journal of the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal published by the Royal Astronomical Society of Canada since 1907.

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Jupiter

Jupiter is the fifth planet from the Sun and the largest in the Solar System.

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Jupiter mass

Jupiter mass, also called Jovian mass is the unit of mass equal to the total mass of the planet Jupiter.

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Kappa Andromedae

Kappa Andromedae (κ And, κ Andromedae) is the Bayer designation for a bright star in the constellation of Andromeda.

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Kelvin

The Kelvin scale is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics.

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Kepler (spacecraft)

Kepler is a space observatory launched by NASA to discover Earth-size planets orbiting other stars.

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Kepler-16b

Kepler-16b (formally Kepler-16 (AB)-b) is an extrasolar planet.

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Kepler-19b

Kepler-19b is a planet orbiting around the star Kepler-19.

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Kepler-19c

Kepler-19c is an extra-solar planet orbiting the star Kepler-19 approximately 717 light years from Earth.

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Kepler-36

Kepler-36 is a star in the constellation of Cygnus with two known planets.

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Kepler-37b

Kepler-37b is an extrasolar planet (exoplanet) orbiting Kepler-37 in the constellation Lyra.

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Kepler-62c

Kepler-62c (also known by its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-701.05) is an approximately Mars-sized exoplanet discovered in orbit around the star Kepler-62, the second innermost of five discovered by NASA's Kepler spacecraft around Kepler-62.

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Kepler-70b

Kepler-70b (formerly known as its Kepler Object of Interest designation KOI-55.01; sometimes listed as KOI-55 b) is an exoplanet discovered orbiting the subdwarf B star (sdB) Kepler-70.

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Kepler-70c

Kepler-70c (formerly called KOI-55.02; sometimes listed as KOI-55 c) is a planet discovered orbiting the sdB star Kepler-70.

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Kepler-76b

Kepler-76b is a gas giant with the mass about two times of Jupiter.

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Kepler-88

Kepler-88 is a Sun-like star in the constellation of Lyra, with two confirmed planets.

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Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope

The Kilodegree Extremely Little Telescope (or KELT) is an astronomical observation system formed by two robotic telescopes that are conducting a survey for transiting exoplanets around bright stars.

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Kuiper belt

The Kuiper belt, occasionally called the Edgeworth–Kuiper belt, is a circumstellar disc in the outer Solar System, extending from the orbit of Neptune (at 30 AU) to approximately 50 AU from the Sun.

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La Silla Observatory

La Silla Observatory is an astronomical observatory in Chile with three telescopes built and operated by the European Southern Observatory (ESO).

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Lalande 21185

Lalande 21185 is a star in the constellation of Ursa Major, relevant for being the brightest red dwarf observable in the northern hemisphere (only AX Microscopii and Lacaille 9352, in the southern hemisphere, are brighter).

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Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory

Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL) is an American federal research facility in Livermore, California, United States, founded by the University of California, Berkeley in 1952.

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Light-year

The light-year is a unit of length used to express astronomical distances and measures about 9.5 trillion kilometres or 5.9 trillion miles.

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List of exoplanets

This is a list of exoplanets.

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LOFAR

The Low-Frequency Array or LOFAR, is a large radio telescope network located mainly in the Netherlands, completed in 2012 by ASTRON, the Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy and its international partners, and operated by ASTRON's radio observatory, of the Netherlands Organisation for Scientific Research.

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Lucky imaging

Lucky imaging (also called lucky exposures) is one form of speckle imaging used for astronomical photography.

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Magnesium

Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.

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Main sequence

In astronomy, the main sequence is a continuous and distinctive band of stars that appear on plots of stellar color versus brightness.

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Marcin Kubiak

Prof Marcin Antoni Kubiak, PhD - a Polish astrophysicist, obtained his professorship title on 25 April 1994.

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MEarth Project

The MEarth Project is a United States NSF-funded, robotic observatory that is part of Fred Lawrence Whipple Observatory on Mt.

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Methods of detecting exoplanets

Any planet is an extremely faint light source compared to its parent star.

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Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics

Microlensing Observations in Astrophysics (MOA) is a collaborative project between researchers in New Zealand and Japan, led by Professor Yasushi Muraki of Nagoya University.

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Minimum mass

In astronomy, minimum mass is the lower-bound calculated mass of observed objects such as planets, stars and binary systems, nebulae, and black holes.

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Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society (MNRAS) is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in astronomy and astrophysics.

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Moon

The Moon is an astronomical body that orbits planet Earth and is Earth's only permanent natural satellite.

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MOST (satellite)

The Microvariability and Oscillations of STars telescope, better known simply as MOST, is Canada's first space telescope.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

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Neptune

Neptune is the eighth and farthest known planet from the Sun in the Solar System.

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New Worlds Mission

The New Worlds Mission is a proposed project comprising a large occulter flying in formation designed to block the light of nearby stars in order to observe their orbiting exoplanets.

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Nuller

A nuller is an optical tool used to block a strong source so that fainter signals near that source can be observed.

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Occultation

An occultation is an event that occurs when one object is hidden by another object that passes between it and the observer.

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OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb

OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb (known sometimes as Hoth by NASA) is a super-Earth exoplanet orbiting OGLE-2005-BLG-390L, a star 21,500 ± 3,300 light years from Earth near the center of the Milky Way.

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Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment

The Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) is a Polish astronomical project based at the University of Warsaw that runs a long-term variability sky survey (1992-present).

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Optical vortex

An optical vortex (also known as a photonic quantum vortex, screw dislocation or phase singularity) is a zero of an optical field; a point of zero intensity.

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Optothermal stability

Optothermal stability describes the rate at which an optical element distorts due to a changing thermal environment.

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Palomar Observatory

Palomar Observatory is an astronomical observatory located in San Diego County, California, United States, southeast of Los Angeles, California, in the Palomar Mountain Range.

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Parallax

Parallax is a displacement or difference in the apparent position of an object viewed along two different lines of sight, and is measured by the angle or semi-angle of inclination between those two lines.

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PDF

The Portable Document Format (PDF) is a file format developed in the 1990s to present documents, including text formatting and images, in a manner independent of application software, hardware, and operating systems.

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Phase curve (astronomy)

In astronomy a phase curve describes the brightness of a reflecting body as a function of its phase angle.

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Photometry (astronomy)

Photometry is a technique of astronomy concerned with measuring the flux, or intensity of an astronomical object's electromagnetic radiation.

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Planet

A planet is an astronomical body orbiting a star or stellar remnant that is massive enough to be rounded by its own gravity, is not massive enough to cause thermonuclear fusion, and has cleared its neighbouring region of planetesimals.

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Planetary phase

A planetary phase is a period of time during which a certain portion of a planet's area reflects sunlight from the perspective of a given vantage point.

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PlanetPol

PlanetPol was a ground-based, high sensitivity polarimeter based at the William Herschel Telescope on the island of La Palma in the Canary Islands, Spain that has now been decommissioned.

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Plasma (physics)

Plasma (Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek English Lexicon, on Perseus) is one of the four fundamental states of matter, and was first described by chemist Irving Langmuir in the 1920s.

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PLATO (spacecraft)

PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars (PLATO) is a space observatory under development by the European Space Agency for launch in 2026.

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Probing Lensing Anomalies Network

The Probing Lensing Anomalies NETwork (PLANET) collaboration coordinates a network of telescopes to rapidly sample photometric measurements of the magnification of stars in the galactic bulge undergoing gravitational microlensing by intervening foreground stars (or other compact massive objects).

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Proceedings of SPIE

Proceedings of SPIE is the conference record of the SPIE.

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Proxima Centauri b

Proxima Centauri b (also called Proxima b or Alpha Centauri Cb) is an exoplanet orbiting within the habitable zone of the red dwarf star Proxima Centauri, which is the closest star to the Sun and part of a triple star system.

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PSR B1257+12

PSR B1257+12, previously designated PSR 1257+12, alternatively designated PSR J1300+1240, also named Lich, is a pulsar located 2,300 light years from the Sun in the constellation of Virgo.

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Pulsar

A pulsar (from pulse and -ar as in quasar) is a highly magnetized rotating neutron star or white dwarf that emits a beam of electromagnetic radiation.

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Radial velocity

The radial velocity of an object with respect to a given point is the rate of change of the distance between the object and the point.

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Radiation pressure

Radiation pressure is the pressure exerted upon any surface due to the exchange of momentum between the object and the electromagnetic field.

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Radio

Radio is the technology of using radio waves to carry information, such as sound, by systematically modulating properties of electromagnetic energy waves transmitted through space, such as their amplitude, frequency, phase, or pulse width.

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Red dwarf

A red dwarf (or M dwarf) is a small and relatively cool star on the main sequence, of M spectral type.

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Red giant

A red giant is a luminous giant star of low or intermediate mass (roughly 0.3–8 solar masses) in a late phase of stellar evolution.

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Robotic telescope

A robotic telescope is an astronomical telescope and detector system that makes observations without the intervention of a human.

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Roche limit

In celestial mechanics, the Roche limit, also called Roche radius, is the distance in which a celestial body, held together only by its own gravity, will disintegrate due to a second celestial body's tidal forces exceeding the first body's gravitational self-attraction.

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Rogue planet

A rogue planet (also termed an interstellar planet, nomad planet, free-floating planet, orphan planet, wandering planet, starless planet, or sunless planet) is a planetary-mass object that orbits a galactic center directly.

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Rossiter–McLaughlin effect

The Rossiter–McLaughlin effect is a spectroscopic phenomenon observed when either an eclipsing binary's secondary star or an extrasolar planet is seen to transit across the face of the primary or parent star.

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Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search

The Sagittarius Window Eclipsing Extrasolar Planet Search, or SWEEPS, was a 2006 astronomical survey project using the Hubble Space Telescope's Advanced Camera for Surveys - Wide Field Channel to monitor 180,000 stars for seven days to detect extrasolar planets via the transit method.

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Science (journal)

Science, also widely referred to as Science Magazine, is the peer-reviewed academic journal of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) and one of the world's top academic journals.

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SCR 1845-6357

SCR 1845-6357 is a binary system, about 12.6 light-years away in the constellation Pavo.

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Signal-to-noise ratio

Signal-to-noise ratio (abbreviated SNR or S/N) is a measure used in science and engineering that compares the level of a desired signal to the level of background noise.

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Solar analog

Solar-type star, solar analogs (also analogues), and solar twins are stars that are particularly similar to the Sun.

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Solar System

The Solar SystemCapitalization of the name varies.

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Space Interferometry Mission

The Space Interferometry Mission, or SIM, also known as SIM Lite (formerly known as SIM PlanetQuest), was a planned space telescope proposed by the U.S. National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), in conjunction with contractor Northrop Grumman.

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Space Sciences Laboratory

The Space Sciences Laboratory (SSL) is an Organized Research Unit of the University of California, Berkeley.

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Speckle imaging

Image:Zeta_bootis_short_exposure.png|Typical short-exposure image of a binary star (Zeta Bootis in this case) as seen through atmospheric seeing.

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Spectral line

A spectral line is a dark or bright line in an otherwise uniform and continuous spectrum, resulting from emission or absorption of light in a narrow frequency range, compared with the nearby frequencies.

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Spectro-Polarimetric High-Contrast Exoplanet Research

Spectro-Polarimetric High-contrast Exoplanet REsearch (VLT-SPHERE) is an adaptive optics system and coronagraphic facility at the Very Large Telescope (VLT).

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Spectrograph

A spectrograph is an instrument that separates light into a frequency spectrum and records the signal using a camera.

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Spectrometer

A spectrometer is a scientific instrument used to separate and measure spectral components of a physical phenomenon.

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Spectroscopy

Spectroscopy is the study of the interaction between matter and electromagnetic radiation.

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SPICA (spacecraft)

The Space Infrared Telescope for Cosmology and Astrophysics (SPICA), initially called HII-L2 after the launch vehicle and orbit, is a proposed infrared space telescope, follow-on to the successful Akari space observatory.

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Spitzer Space Telescope

The Spitzer Space Telescope (SST), formerly the Space Infrared Telescope Facility (SIRTF), is an infrared space telescope launched in 2003 and still operating as of 2018.

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Star

A star is type of astronomical object consisting of a luminous spheroid of plasma held together by its own gravity.

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Stellar atmosphere

The stellar atmosphere is the outer region of the volume of a star, lying above the stellar core, radiation zone and convection zone.

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Subaru Telescope

is the flagship telescope of the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan, located at the Mauna Kea Observatory on Hawaii.

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Subgiant

A subgiant is a star that is brighter than a normal main-sequence star of the same spectral class, but not as bright as true giant stars.

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Sun

The Sun is the star at the center of the Solar System.

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Super-Jupiter

A super-Jupiter is an astronomical object that is more massive than the planet Jupiter.

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Supernova

A supernova (plural: supernovae or supernovas, abbreviations: SN and SNe) is a transient astronomical event that occurs during the last stellar evolutionary stages of a star's life, either a massive star or a white dwarf, whose destruction is marked by one final, titanic explosion.

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Tau Boötis b

No description.

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Tau Ceti

Tau Ceti, Latinized from τ Ceti, is a single star in the constellation Cetus that is spectrally similar to the Sun, although it has only about 78% of the Sun's mass.

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The Astrophysical Journal

The Astrophysical Journal, often abbreviated ApJ (pronounced "ap jay") in references and speech, is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of astrophysics and astronomy, established in 1895 by American astronomers George Ellery Hale and James Edward Keeler.

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Transit (astronomy)

In astronomy, a transit or astronomical transit is the phenomenon of at least one celestial body appearing to move across the face of another celestial body, hiding a small part of it, as seen by an observer at some particular vantage point.

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Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite

The Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) is a space telescope for NASA's Explorers program, designed to search for exoplanets using the transit method in an area 400 times larger than that covered by the Kepler mission.

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TrES-1b

No description.

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Twinkling

Twinkling, or scintillation, is a generic term for variations in apparent brightness or position of a distant luminous object viewed through a medium.

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Two-body problem

In classical mechanics, the two-body problem is to determine the motion of two point particles that interact only with each other.

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V391 Pegasi b

V391 Pegasi b, also known as HS 2201+2610 b, is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star V391 Pegasi approximately 4570 light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus.

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VB 10

VB 10 or Van Biesbroeck's star is a very small and very dim red dwarf located in the constellation Aquila.

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Very Large Telescope

The Very Large Telescope (VLT) is a telescope facility operated by the European Southern Observatory on Cerro Paranal in the Atacama Desert of northern Chile.

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Vortex coronagraph

A vortex coronagraph is a type of optical instrument which enables the imaging of very faint objects near very bright objects that would normally be obscured by glare.

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W. M. Keck Observatory

The W. M. Keck Observatory is a two-telescope astronomical observatory at an elevation of 4,145 meters (13,600 ft) near the summit of Mauna Kea in the U.S. state of Hawaii.

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Warsaw

Warsaw (Warszawa; see also other names) is the capital and largest city of Poland.

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WD 1145+017

WD 1145+017 (also known as EPIC 201563164) is a white dwarf star located approximately from Earth in the constellation of Virgo.

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White dwarf

A white dwarf, also called a degenerate dwarf, is a stellar core remnant composed mostly of electron-degenerate matter.

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Wide Angle Search for Planets

WASP or Wide Angle Search for Planets is an international consortium of several academic organisations performing an ultra-wide angle search for exoplanets using transit photometry.

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Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope

The Wide Field Infrared Survey Telescope (WFIRST) is a NASA infrared space observatory that was recommended in 2010 by United States National Research Council Decadal Survey committee as the top priority for the next decade of astronomy.

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William Herschel

Frederick William Herschel, (Friedrich Wilhelm Herschel; 15 November 1738 – 25 August 1822) was a German-born British astronomer, composer and brother of fellow astronomer Caroline Herschel, with whom he worked.

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William Stephen Jacob

William Stephen Jacob (1813–1862) was an English astronomer, director of the Madras Observatory from 1848 to 1859.

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ZIMPOL/CHEOPS

ZIMPOL/CHEOPS (Zurich Imaging Polarimeter) is a polarimetric imager being developed for the Very Large Telescope for the direct detection of extra-solar planets.

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1RXS J160929.1−210524

1RXS J160929.1-210524 (also known as GSC 6213-1358 or PZ99 J160930.3-210459) is a pre-main-sequence star nearly 470 light-years away in the constellation of Scorpius.

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2M1207b

2M1207b is a planetary-mass object orbiting the brown dwarf 2M1207, in the constellation Centaurus, approximately 170 light-years from Earth.

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51 Pegasi b

51 Pegasi b (abbreviated 51 Peg b), unofficially dubbed Bellerophon, later named Dimidium, is an extrasolar planet approximately 50 light-years away in the constellation of Pegasus.

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70 Ophiuchi

70 Ophiuchi is a binary star system located 16.6 light years away from the Earth.

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Detection methods for exoplanets, Detection methods for extrasolar planets, Direct imaging, Eclipse-timing method, Eclipsing binary minima timing, Exoplanet detection, Exoplanet detection method, Exoplanet detection methods, Exosolar planet detection, Exosolar planet detection methods, Extrasolar planet search device, Imaging method, Methods for detecting extrasolar planets, Methods of detecting extrasolar planets, Planet detection, Planet search device, Pulsar timing, Pulsar timing method, Transit method, Transit photometry, Transit spectroscopy, Transit-method, Transiting exoplanet, Transiting extrasolar planet, Transiting extrasolar planets, Transiting planets, Variable star timing.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methods_of_detecting_exoplanets

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