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Naphthalene

Index Naphthalene

Naphthalene is an organic compound with formula. [1]

183 relations: Acid, Adenoma, Agriculture, Agrochemical, Alcohol, Alkene, Alkylation, Amine, Aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids, Ammonia, Aniline, Anthracene, Aromaticity, Astronomer, Atmosphere of Earth, Attic, Azo dye, Base (chemistry), Benzene, Benzonitrile, Benzothiophene, Bicyclo(6.2.0)decapentaene, Blood, Bronchiole, Buckminsterfullerene, Calcium hydroxide, California Proposition 65 (1986), Camphor, Carbaryl, Carbon, Carbon disulfide, Carbon tetrachloride, Carboxylic acid, Carcinogen, Carl Gräbe, Catalysis, Cataract, Chemical formula, China, Chromate and dichromate, Coal tar, Combustibility and flammability, Concrete, Confusion, Conjugated system, Creosote, Cross-conjugation, Crystal, Decalin, Deer, ..., Dialin, Diarrhea, Dichlorobenzene, Diels–Alder reaction, Diene, Dispersant, Distillation, Drywall, Durene, Dye, Eastern Europe, Electrophile, Emil Erlenmeyer, Endophyte, European Union, Explosive material, Fatigue, Federal government of the United States, Formaldehyde, Formosan subterranean termite, Fractional distillation, Friedel–Crafts reaction, Fumigation, Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency, Ground state, Hemolytic anemia, Homology (chemistry), Hydrocarbon, Hydrogen, Hydrogenation, Indane, Indene, Insect, Insecticide, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Interstellar medium, Ion, Isomer, Jaundice, John Kidd (chemist), Koppers, Lead–acid battery, Leather, Liebigs Annalen, List of IARC Group 2B carcinogens, List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules, Liver, Lung, Magnolia, Metallurgy, Methylnaphthalene, Michael Faraday, Monoclinic crystal system, Moth, Mothball, Mouse, Muscodor albus, Muscodor vitigenus, Mushroom poisoning, Naphtha, NASA, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, National Toxicology Program, Nausea, Nematode, Neuroblastoma, Nitrobenzene, North America, O-Xylene, Occupational exposure limit, Occupational Safety and Health Administration, Oil refinery, Opossum, Organic chemistry, Organic compound, Parts-per notation, Peri-naphthalenes, Permanganate, Permissible exposure limit, Perseus (constellation), Pesticide, Petroleum, Phenol, Phenyllithium, Phosphoric acid, Phthalic anhydride, Plasticizer, Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, Polymer, Protonation, Pulmonary alveolus, Rabbit, Rat, Recommended exposure limit, Recrystallization (chemistry), Red blood cell, Redox, Refractive index, Regioselectivity, Resonance (chemistry), Royal Society of Chemistry, Short-term exposure limit, Sodium hydroxide, Sodium naphthalenide, Solvent, Structural isomer, Sublimation (phase transition), Substitution reaction, Sulfonic acid, Sulfur dioxide, Sulfuric acid, Surfactant, Tanning (leather), Tetrahedron (journal), Tetrahedron Letters, Tetralin, Toluene, Torr, Unidentified infrared emission, Urine, Valence bond theory, Vanadium, Vomiting, Wagner-Jauregg reaction, X-ray crystallography, 1,4-Dichlorobenzene, 1-Bromonaphthalene, 1-Chloronaphthalene, 1-Fluoronaphthalene, 1-Naphthol, 2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-Chloronaphthalene, 2-Naphthol. Expand index (133 more) »

Acid

An acid is a molecule or ion capable of donating a hydron (proton or hydrogen ion H+), or, alternatively, capable of forming a covalent bond with an electron pair (a Lewis acid).

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Adenoma

An adenoma (from Greek αδένας, adeno-, "gland" + -ώμα, -oma, "tumor") (plural adenomas or adenomata) is a benign tumor of epithelial tissue with glandular origin, glandular characteristics, or both.

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Agriculture

Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.

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Agrochemical

An agrochemical or agrichemical, a contraction of agricultural chemical, is a chemical product used in agriculture.

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Alcohol

In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon.

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Alkene

In organic chemistry, an alkene is an unsaturated hydrocarbon that contains at least one carbon–carbon double bond.

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Alkylation

Alkylation is the transfer of an alkyl group from one molecule to another.

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Amine

In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.

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Aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids

Aminonaphthalenesulfonic acids are compounds with the composition C10H6(NH2)(SO3H), being derived from naphthalene (C10H8) substituted by an amino and sulfonic acid groups.

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Ammonia

Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.

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Aniline

Aniline is an organic compound with the formula C6H5NH2.

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Anthracene

Anthracene is a solid polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) of formula C14H10, consisting of three fused benzene rings.

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Aromaticity

In organic chemistry, the term aromaticity is used to describe a cyclic (ring-shaped), planar (flat) molecule with a ring of resonance bonds that exhibits more stability than other geometric or connective arrangements with the same set of atoms.

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Astronomer

An astronomer is a scientist in the field of astronomy who concentrates their studies on a specific question or field outside the scope of Earth.

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Atmosphere of Earth

The atmosphere of Earth is the layer of gases, commonly known as air, that surrounds the planet Earth and is retained by Earth's gravity.

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Attic

An attic (sometimes referred to as a loft) is a space found directly below the pitched roof of a house or other building; an attic may also be called a sky parlor or a garret.

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Azo dye

Azo dyes are organic compounds bearing the functional group R−N.

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Base (chemistry)

In chemistry, bases are substances that, in aqueous solution, release hydroxide (OH−) ions, are slippery to the touch, can taste bitter if an alkali, change the color of indicators (e.g., turn red litmus paper blue), react with acids to form salts, promote certain chemical reactions (base catalysis), accept protons from any proton donor, and/or contain completely or partially displaceable OH− ions.

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Benzene

Benzene is an important organic chemical compound with the chemical formula C6H6.

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Benzonitrile

Benzonitrile is the chemical compound with the formula, abbreviated PhCN.

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Benzothiophene

Benzothiophene is an aromatic organic compound with a molecular formula C8H6S and an odor similar to naphthalene (mothballs).

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Bicyclo(6.2.0)decapentaene

Bicyclodecapentaene is a bicyclic organic compound and an isomer of naphthalene and azulene.

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Blood

Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.

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Bronchiole

The bronchioles or bronchioli are the passageways by which air passes through the nose or mouth to the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs, in which branches no longer contain cartilage or glands in their submucosa.

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Buckminsterfullerene

Buckminsterfullerene is a type of fullerene with the formula C60.

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Calcium hydroxide

Calcium hydroxide (traditionally called slaked lime) is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula Ca(OH)2.

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California Proposition 65 (1986)

Proposition 65 (formally titled The Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986) is a California law passed by direct voter initiative in 1986 by a 63%–37% vote.

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Camphor

Camphor is a waxy, flammable, white or transparent solid with a strong aroma.

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Carbaryl

Carbaryl (1-naphthyl methylcarbamate) is a chemical in the carbamate family used chiefly as an insecticide.

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Carbon

Carbon (from carbo "coal") is a chemical element with symbol C and atomic number 6.

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Carbon disulfide

Carbon disulfide is a colorless volatile liquid with the formula CS2.

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Carbon tetrachloride

Carbon tetrachloride, also known by many other names (the most notable being tetrachloromethane, also recognized by the IUPAC, carbon tet in the cleaning industry, Halon-104 in firefighting, and Refrigerant-10 in HVACR) is an organic compound with the chemical formula CCl4.

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Carboxylic acid

A carboxylic acid is an organic compound that contains a carboxyl group (C(.

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Carcinogen

A carcinogen is any substance, radionuclide, or radiation that promotes carcinogenesis, the formation of cancer.

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Carl Gräbe

Carl Gräbe (24 February 1841 – 19 January 1927) was a German industrial and academic chemist from Frankfurt am Main who held professorships in his field at Leipzig, Königsberg, and Geneva.

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Catalysis

Catalysis is the increase in the rate of a chemical reaction due to the participation of an additional substance called a catalysthttp://goldbook.iupac.org/C00876.html, which is not consumed in the catalyzed reaction and can continue to act repeatedly.

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Cataract

A cataract is a clouding of the lens in the eye which leads to a decrease in vision.

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Chemical formula

A chemical formula is a way of presenting information about the chemical proportions of atoms that constitute a particular chemical compound or molecule, using chemical element symbols, numbers, and sometimes also other symbols, such as parentheses, dashes, brackets, commas and plus (+) and minus (−) signs.

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China

China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.

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Chromate and dichromate

Chromate salts contain the chromate anion,.

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Coal tar

Coal tar is a thick dark liquid which is a by-product of the production of coke and coal gas from coal.

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Combustibility and flammability

Flammable materials are those that ignite more easily than other materials, whereas those that are harder to ignite or burn less vigorously are combustible.

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Concrete

Concrete, usually Portland cement concrete, is a composite material composed of fine and coarse aggregate bonded together with a fluid cement (cement paste) that hardens over time—most frequently a lime-based cement binder, such as Portland cement, but sometimes with other hydraulic cements, such as a calcium aluminate cement.

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Confusion

Confusion (from Latin confusĭo, -ōnis, from confundere: "to pour together;" "to mingle together;" "to confuse") is the state of being bewildered or unclear in one’s mind about something.

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Conjugated system

In chemistry, a conjugated system is a system of connected p-orbitals with delocalized electrons in molecules which are conventionally represented as having alternating single and multiple bonds, which in general may lower the overall energy of the molecule and increase stability.

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Creosote

Creosote is a category of carbonaceous chemicals formed by the distillation of various tars and pyrolysis of plant-derived material, such as wood or fossil fuel.

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Cross-conjugation

Cross-conjugation is a special type of conjugation in a molecule, when in a set of three Pi bonds only two pi-bonds interact with each other by conjugation, the third one is excluded from interaction.

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Crystal

A crystal or crystalline solid is a solid material whose constituents (such as atoms, molecules, or ions) are arranged in a highly ordered microscopic structure, forming a crystal lattice that extends in all directions.

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Decalin

Decalin (decahydronaphthalene, also known as bicyclodecane), a bicyclic organic compound, is an industrial solvent.

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Deer

Deer (singular and plural) are the ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae.

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Dialin

Dialin (1,2-dihydronaphthalene) is a hydrocarbon with the chemical formula C10H10.

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Diarrhea

Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day.

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Dichlorobenzene

There are three distinct chemical compounds which are dichlorobenzenes.

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Diels–Alder reaction

The Diels–Alder reaction is an organic chemical reaction (specifically, a cycloaddition) between a conjugated diene and a substituted alkene, commonly termed the dienophile, to form a substituted cyclohexene derivative.

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Diene

In organic chemistry a diene or diolefin is a hydrocarbon that contains two carbon double bonds.

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Dispersant

A dispersant or a dispersing agent or a plasticizer or a superplasticizer is either a non-surface active polymer or a surface-active substance added to a suspension, usually a colloid, to improve the separation of particles and to prevent settling or clumping.

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Distillation

Distillation is the process of separating the components or substances from a liquid mixture by selective boiling and condensation.

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Drywall

Drywall (also known as plasterboard, wallboard, gypsum panel, sheet rock, or gypsum board) is a panel made of calcium sulfate dihydrate (gypsum), with or without additives, typically extruded between thick sheets of facer and backer paper, utilized in the construction of interior walls and ceilings.

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Durene

Durene, or 1,2,4,5-tetramethylbenzene, is an organic compound with the formula C6H2(CH3)4.

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Dye

A dye is a colored substance that has an affinity to the substrate to which it is being applied.

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Eastern Europe

Eastern Europe is the eastern part of the European continent.

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Electrophile

In organic chemistry, an electrophile is a reagent attracted to electrons.

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Emil Erlenmeyer

Richard August Carl Emil Erlenmeyer, known in his own day and subsequently simply as Emil Erlenmeyer (28 June 1825 – 22 January 1909), was a German chemist known for contributing to the early development of the theory of structure, formulating the Erlenmeyer rule, and designing the Erlenmeyer flask, a type of chemical flask, which is named after him.

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Endophyte

An endophyte is an endosymbiont, often a bacterium or fungus, that lives within a plant for at least part of its life cycle without causing apparent disease.

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European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

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Explosive material

An explosive material, also called an explosive, is a reactive substance that contains a great amount of potential energy that can produce an explosion if released suddenly, usually accompanied by the production of light, heat, sound, and pressure.

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Fatigue

Fatigue is a subjective feeling of tiredness that has a gradual onset.

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Federal government of the United States

The federal government of the United States (U.S. federal government) is the national government of the United States, a constitutional republic in North America, composed of 50 states, one district, Washington, D.C. (the nation's capital), and several territories.

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Formaldehyde

No description.

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Formosan subterranean termite

The Formosan subterranean termite (Coptotermes formosanus) is an invasive species of termite.

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Fractional distillation

Fractional distillation is the separation of a mixture into its component parts, or fractions.

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Friedel–Crafts reaction

The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring.

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Fumigation

Fumigation is a method of pest control that completely fills an area with gaseous pesticides—or fumigants—to suffocate or poison the pests within.

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Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency

Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency (G6PDD) is an inborn error of metabolism that predisposes to red blood cell breakdown.

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Ground state

The ground state of a quantum mechanical system is its lowest-energy state; the energy of the ground state is known as the zero-point energy of the system.

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Hemolytic anemia

Hemolytic anemia or haemolytic anaemia is a form of anemia due to hemolysis, the abnormal breakdown of red blood cells (RBCs), either in the blood vessels (intravascular hemolysis) or elsewhere in the human body (extravascular, but usually in the spleen).

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Homology (chemistry)

In chemistry, homology is the appearance of homologues.

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Hydrocarbon

In organic chemistry, a hydrocarbon is an organic compound consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.

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Hydrogen

Hydrogen is a chemical element with symbol H and atomic number 1.

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Hydrogenation

Hydrogenation – to treat with hydrogen – is a chemical reaction between molecular hydrogen (H2) and another compound or element, usually in the presence of a catalyst such as nickel, palladium or platinum.

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Indane

Indane or indan is a hydrocarbon petrochemical compound, with formula C9H10.

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Indene

Indene is a flammable polycyclic hydrocarbon with chemical formula C9H8.

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Insect

Insects or Insecta (from Latin insectum) are hexapod invertebrates and the largest group within the arthropod phylum.

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Insecticide

Insecticides are substances used to kill insects.

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International Agency for Research on Cancer

The International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC; Centre International de Recherche sur le Cancer, CIRC) is an intergovernmental agency forming part of the World Health Organization of the United Nations.

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Interstellar medium

In astronomy, the interstellar medium (ISM) is the matter and radiation that exists in the space between the star systems in a galaxy.

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Ion

An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).

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Isomer

An isomer (from Greek ἰσομερής, isomerès; isos.

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Jaundice

Jaundice, also known as icterus, is a yellowish or greenish pigmentation of the skin and whites of the eyes due to high bilirubin levels.

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John Kidd (chemist)

John Kidd (10 September 1775 – 7 September 1851) was an English physician, chemist and geologist.

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Koppers

Koppers is a global chemical and materials company based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States in an art-deco 1920s skyscraper, the Koppers Tower.

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Lead–acid battery

The lead–acid battery was invented in 1859 by French physicist Gaston Planté and is the oldest type of rechargeable battery.

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Leather

Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhides, mostly cattle hide.

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Liebigs Annalen

Justus Liebigs Annalen der Chemie (often cited as just Liebigs Annalen) was one of the oldest and historically most important journals in the field of organic chemistry worldwide.

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List of IARC Group 2B carcinogens

Substances, mixtures and exposure circumstances in this list have been classified by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) as Group 2B: The agent (mixture) is "possibly carcinogenic to humans".

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List of interstellar and circumstellar molecules

This is a list of molecules that have been detected in the interstellar medium and circumstellar envelopes, grouped by the number of component atoms.

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Liver

The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.

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Lung

The lungs are the primary organs of the respiratory system in humans and many other animals including a few fish and some snails.

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Magnolia

Magnolia is a large genus of about 210The number of species in the genus Magnolia depends on the taxonomic view that one takes up.

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Metallurgy

Metallurgy is a domain of materials science and engineering that studies the physical and chemical behavior of metallic elements, their inter-metallic compounds, and their mixtures, which are called alloys.

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Methylnaphthalene

Methylnaphthalene may refer to.

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Michael Faraday

Michael Faraday FRS (22 September 1791 – 25 August 1867) was an English scientist who contributed to the study of electromagnetism and electrochemistry.

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Monoclinic crystal system

In crystallography, the monoclinic crystal system is one of the 7 crystal systems.

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Moth

Moths comprise a group of insects related to butterflies, belonging to the order Lepidoptera.

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Mothball

Mothballs are small balls of chemical pesticide and deodorant, sometimes used when storing clothing and other articles susceptible to damage from mold or moth larvae (especially clothes moths like Tineola bisselliella).

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Mouse

A mouse (Mus), plural mice, is a small rodent characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail and a high breeding rate.

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Muscodor albus

Muscodor albus (frequently spelled "muscador albus") is a plant-dwelling fungus in the Xylariaceae family.

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Muscodor vitigenus

Muscodor vitigenus is an endophytic fungus which colonizes Paullinia paullinioides, a liana of the Peruvian Amazon rainforests.

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Mushroom poisoning

Mushroom poisoning (also known as mycetism or mycetismus) refers to harmful effects from ingestion of toxic substances present in a mushroom.

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Naphtha

Naphtha is a flammable liquid hydrocarbon mixture.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

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National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health

The National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) is the United States federal agency responsible for conducting research and making recommendations for the prevention of work-related injury and illness.

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National Toxicology Program

The National Toxicology Program (NTP) is an inter-agency program run by the United States Department of Health and Human Services to coordinate, evaluate, and report on toxicology within public agencies.

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Nausea

Nausea or queasiness is an unpleasant sense of unease, discomfort, and revulsion towards food.

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Nematode

The nematodes or roundworms constitute the phylum Nematoda (also called Nemathelminthes).

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Neuroblastoma

Neuroblastoma (NB) is a type of cancer that forms in certain types of nerve tissue. It most frequently starts from one of the adrenal glands, but can also develop in the neck, chest, abdomen, or spine. Symptoms may include bone pain, a lump in the abdomen, neck, or chest, or a painless bluish lump under the skin. Occasionally, neuroblastoma may be due to a mutation inherited from a person's parents. Environmental factors have not been found to be involved. Diagnosis is based on a tissue biopsy. Occasionally it may be found in a baby by ultrasound during pregnancy. At diagnosis, the cancer has usually already spread. The cancer is divided into low-, intermediate-, and high-risk groups based on a child's age, cancer stage, and what the cancer looks like. Treatment and outcomes depends on the risk group a person is in. Treatments may include observation, surgery, radiation, chemotherapy, or stem cell transplantation. Low-risk disease in babies typically has a good outcome with surgery or simply observation. In high-risk disease, chances of long-term survival, however, are less than 40% despite aggressive treatment. Neuroblastoma is the most common cancer in babies and the third-most common cancer in children after leukemia and brain cancer. About one in every 7,000 children is affected at some time. About 90% of cases occur in children less than 5 years old and it is rare in adults. Of cancer deaths in children, about 15% are due to neuroblastoma. The disease was first described in the 1800s.

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Nitrobenzene

Nitrobenzene is an organic compound with the chemical formula C6H5NO2.

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North America

North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.

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O-Xylene

o-Xylene (ortho-xylene) is an aromatic hydrocarbon with the formula C6H4(CH3)2.

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Occupational exposure limit

An occupational exposure limit is an upper limit on the acceptable concentration of a hazardous substance in workplace air for a particular material or class of materials.

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Occupational Safety and Health Administration

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) is an agency of the United States Department of Labor.

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Oil refinery

Oil refinery or petroleum refinery is an industrial process plant where crude oil is transformed and refined into more useful products such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, diesel fuel, asphalt base, heating oil, kerosene, liquefied petroleum gas, jet fuel and fuel oils.

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Opossum

The opossum is a marsupial of the order Didelphimorphia endemic to the Americas.

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Organic chemistry

Organic chemistry is a chemistry subdiscipline involving the scientific study of the structure, properties, and reactions of organic compounds and organic materials, i.e., matter in its various forms that contain carbon atoms.

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Organic compound

In chemistry, an organic compound is generally any chemical compound that contains carbon.

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Parts-per notation

In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

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Peri-naphthalenes

In organic chemistry, peri-naphthalenes are particular derivatives of naphthalene with the formula C10H6-1,8-X2.

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Permanganate

A permanganate is the general name for a chemical compound containing the manganate(VII) ion,.

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Permissible exposure limit

The permissible exposure limit (PEL or OSHA PEL) is a legal limit in the United States for exposure of an employee to a chemical substance or physical agent such as loud noise.

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Perseus (constellation)

Perseus is a constellation in the northern sky, being named after the Greek mythological hero Perseus.

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Pesticide

Pesticides are substances that are meant to control pests, including weeds.

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Petroleum

Petroleum is a naturally occurring, yellow-to-black liquid found in geological formations beneath the Earth's surface.

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Phenol

Phenol, also known as phenolic acid, is an aromatic organic compound with the molecular formula C6H5OH.

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Phenyllithium

Phenyllithium or lithobenzene is an organometallic agent with the empirical formula C6H5Li.

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Phosphoric acid

Phosphoric acid (also known as orthophosphoric acid or phosphoric(V) acid) is a mineral (inorganic) and weak acid having the chemical formula H3PO4.

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Phthalic anhydride

Phthalic anhydride is the organic compound with the formula C6H4(CO)2O.

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Plasticizer

Plasticizers (UK: plasticisers) or dispersants are additives that increase the plasticity or decrease the viscosity of a material.

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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, also polyaromatic hydrocarbons or polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons) are hydrocarbons—organic compounds containing only carbon and hydrogen—that are composed of multiple aromatic rings (organic rings in which the electrons are delocalized).

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Polymer

A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.

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Protonation

In chemistry, protonation is the addition of a proton (H+) to an atom, molecule, or ion, forming the conjugate acid.

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Pulmonary alveolus

A pulmonary alveolus (plural: alveoli, from Latin alveolus, "little cavity") is a hollow cavity found in the lung parenchyma, and is the basic unit of ventilation.

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Rabbit

Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha (along with the hare and the pika).

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Rat

Rats are various medium-sized, long-tailed rodents in the superfamily Muroidea.

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Recommended exposure limit

A recommended exposure limit (REL) is an occupational exposure limit that has been recommended by the United States National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) for adoption as a permissible exposure limit.

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Recrystallization (chemistry)

In chemistry, recrystallization is a technique used to purify chemicals.

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Red blood cell

Red blood cells-- also known as RBCs, red cells, red blood corpuscles, haematids, erythroid cells or erythrocytes (from Greek erythros for "red" and kytos for "hollow vessel", with -cyte translated as "cell" in modern usage), are the most common type of blood cell and the vertebrate's principal means of delivering oxygen (O2) to the body tissues—via blood flow through the circulatory system.

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Redox

Redox (short for reduction–oxidation reaction) (pronunciation: or) is a chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of atoms are changed.

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Refractive index

In optics, the refractive index or index of refraction of a material is a dimensionless number that describes how light propagates through that medium.

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Regioselectivity

In chemistry, regioselectivity is the preference of one direction of chemical bond making or breaking over all other possible directions.

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Resonance (chemistry)

In chemistry, resonance or mesomerism is a way of describing delocalized electrons within certain molecules or polyatomic ions where the bonding cannot be expressed by one single Lewis structure.

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Royal Society of Chemistry

The Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) is a learned society (professional association) in the United Kingdom with the goal of "advancing the chemical sciences".

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Short-term exposure limit

A short-term exposure limit (STEL) is the acceptable average exposure over a short period of time, usually 15 minutes as long as the time-weighted average is not exceeded.

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Sodium hydroxide

Sodium hydroxide, also known as lye, is an inorganic compound with the formula NaOH. It is a white solid ionic compound consisting of sodium cations and hydroxide anions. Sodium hydroxide is a highly caustic base and alkali that decomposes proteins at ordinary ambient temperatures and may cause severe chemical burns. It is highly soluble in water, and readily absorbs moisture and carbon dioxide from the air. It forms a series of hydrates NaOH·n. The monohydrate NaOH· crystallizes from water solutions between 12.3 and 61.8 °C. The commercially available "sodium hydroxide" is often this monohydrate, and published data may refer to it instead of the anhydrous compound. As one of the simplest hydroxides, it is frequently utilized alongside neutral water and acidic hydrochloric acid to demonstrate the pH scale to chemistry students. Sodium hydroxide is used in many industries: in the manufacture of pulp and paper, textiles, drinking water, soaps and detergents, and as a drain cleaner. Worldwide production in 2004 was approximately 60 million tonnes, while demand was 51 million tonnes.

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Sodium naphthalenide

Sodium naphthalenide, also known as sodium naphthalide, is an organic salt with the formula Na+C10H8−.

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Solvent

A solvent (from the Latin solvō, "loosen, untie, solve") is a substance that dissolves a solute (a chemically distinct liquid, solid or gas), resulting in a solution.

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Structural isomer

Structural isomerism, or constitutional isomerism (per IUPAC), is a form of isomerism in which molecules with the same molecular formula have different bonding patterns and atomic organization, as opposed to stereoisomerism, in which molecular bonds are always in the same order and only spatial arrangement differs.

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Sublimation (phase transition)

Sublimation is the transition of a substance directly from the solid to the gas phase, without passing through the intermediate liquid phase.

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Substitution reaction

Substitution reaction (also known as single displacement reaction or single substitution reaction) is a chemical reaction during which one functional group in a chemical compound is replaced by another functional group.

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Sulfonic acid

A sulfonic acid (or sulphonic acid) refers to a member of the class of organosulfur compounds with the general formula R−S(.

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Sulfur dioxide

Sulfur dioxide (also sulphur dioxide in British English) is the chemical compound with the formula.

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Sulfuric acid

Sulfuric acid (alternative spelling sulphuric acid) is a mineral acid with molecular formula H2SO4.

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Surfactant

Surfactants are compounds that lower the surface tension (or interfacial tension) between two liquids, between a gas and a liquid, or between a liquid and a solid.

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Tanning (leather)

Tanned leather in Marrakesh Tanning is the process of treating skins and hides of animals to produce leather.

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Tetrahedron (journal)

Tetrahedron is a weekly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering the field of organic chemistry.

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Tetrahedron Letters

Tetrahedron Letters is a weekly international journal for rapid publication of full original research papers in the field of organic chemistry.

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Tetralin

Tetralin (1,2,3,4-tetrahydronaphthalene) is a hydrocarbon having the chemical formula C10H12.

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Toluene

Toluene, also known as toluol, is an aromatic hydrocarbon.

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Torr

The torr (symbol: Torr) is a unit of pressure based on an absolute scale, now defined as exactly of a standard atmosphere (101.325 kPa).

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Unidentified infrared emission

The unidentified infrared emission (UIR or UIE) bands are infrared discrete emissions from circumstellar regions, interstellar media, star-forming regions and extragalactic objects for which the identity of the emitting materials is unknown.

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Urine

Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many animals.

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Valence bond theory

In chemistry, valence bond (VB) theory is one of two basic theories, along with molecular orbital (MO) theory, that were developed to use the methods of quantum mechanics to explain chemical bonding.

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Vanadium

Vanadium is a chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23.

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Vomiting

Vomiting, also known as emesis, puking, barfing, throwing up, among other terms, is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.

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Wagner-Jauregg reaction

The Wagner-Jauregg reaction is a classic organic reaction in organic chemistry, named after Theodor Wagner-Jauregg, describing the double Diels–Alder reaction of 2 equivalents of maleic anhydride with a 1,1-diarylethylene.

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X-ray crystallography

X-ray crystallography is a technique used for determining the atomic and molecular structure of a crystal, in which the crystalline atoms cause a beam of incident X-rays to diffract into many specific directions.

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1,4-Dichlorobenzene

1,4-Dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB, p-DCB, or para-dichlorobenzene, sometimes abbreviated as PDB or para) is an organic compound with the formula C6H4Cl2.

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1-Bromonaphthalene

1-Bromonaphthalene is an organic compound with the formula C10H7Br.

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1-Chloronaphthalene

1-Chloronaphthalene is an aromatic compound.

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1-Fluoronaphthalene

1-Fluornaphthalene is an organofluorine chemical compound from the group of naphthalene derivatives and fluoroaromatics.

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1-Naphthol

1-Naphthol, or α-naphthol, is a fluorescent organic compound with the formula C10H7OH.

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2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone

2,3-Dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone (or DDQ) is the chemical reagent with formula C6Cl2(CN)2O2.

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2-Chloronaphthalene

2-Chloronaphthalene is an organochlorine chemical compound, a chlorinated derivative of naphthalene.

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2-Naphthol

2-Naphthol, or β-naphthol, is a fluorescent colorless (or occasionally yellow) crystalline solid with the formula C10H7OH.

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Albocarbon, Hexalene, Moth flakes, Naftalene, Naftelene, Naphtalene, Naphtalin, Naphthalenes, Naphthalin, Naphthaline, Naphthoyl, Naphthyl, Naphthyl group, Naphtyl, Napthalene, Napthalin, Napthaline, Tar camphor, White tar.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Naphthalene

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