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252 relations: A cappella, Active obedience of Christ, Adam, Adam and Eve, Adoration of the Shepherds, Advent, Aggadah, Almah, Ambrose, Anglican Communion, Anna the Prophetess, Annunciation, Annunciation to the shepherds, Anselm of Canterbury, Antioch, Archaeological Institute of America, Archaeology (magazine), Augustine of Hippo, Baptism of Jesus, Barbara Aland, Benedictus (Song of Zechariah), Bernard of Clairvaux, Bernard Orchard, Bethlehem, Bethlehem of Galilee, Biblical Magi, Black Death, Book of Genesis, Book of Isaiah, Book of Judges, Bruce Chilton, Byzantine Empire, Byzantine Rite, Calvary, Canticle, Capernaum, Catacombs, Catholic Church, Census of Quirinius, Chorazin, Christ Child, Christian art, Christian theology, Christmas, Christmas Oratorio, Christology, Christus (Liszt), Chronography of 354, Chronology of Jesus, Church Fathers, ..., Church of the Nativity, Clement of Alexandria, Codex Bezae, Codex Sinaiticus, Coelius Sedulius, Contra Celsum, Council of Chalcedon, Council of Ephesus, Craig Blomberg, Crucifixion of Jesus, Daniel J. Harrington, Davidic line, Demonym, Dominican Order, Dumuzid, E. P. Sanders, Easter, Eastern Christianity, Eastern Orthodox Church, Ecumenical council, Eduard Schweizer, Ephrem the Syrian, Epiphany (holiday), Equinox, Eschatology, Fall of man, Felix culpa, Flight into Egypt, Francis of Assisi, Franciscans, Gabriel, Géza Vermes, Genealogy of Jesus, Gentile, Geoffrey W. Bromiley, George Kilpatrick, Gloria in excelsis Deo, Good News Publishers, Gospel harmony, Gospel of James, Gospel of John, Gospel of Luke, Gospel of Mark, Gospel of Matthew, Grant R. Osborne, Greco-Roman world, Greek language, Gregorian calendar, Gregory of Nyssa, Halakha, Heinrich Schütz, Helena (empress), Helmut Koester, Heresy, Herod the Great, Hippolytus of Rome, Holy Family, Holy Name of Jesus, Holy Spirit, Humility, Hymn, Hymns to Mary, Hypostatic union, Icon, Irenaeus, Isaac, Isaiah, Ishmael, James Hastings, Jean Gerson, Jesus, Jesus in Christianity, Jesus in Islam, Jesus Seminar, Jesus, King of the Jews, Johann Sebastian Bach, John Audelay, John Calvin, John Chrysostom, John Milton, John the Baptist, Josephus, Julian (emperor), Julian calendar, Justin Martyr, Justinian I, Karl Barth, Karl Rahner, Koiak, Kontakion, Konya, Kyrios, L source, Larry Hurtado, Latin Church, Life of Christ in art, Life of Jesus in the New Testament, Life of the Virgin, Liturgical music, Liturgy, Logos, Logos (Christianity), Lord's Day, M Source, Madonna (art), Magnificat, Marcan priority, Marcus Borg, Marian art in the Catholic Church, Mariology, Mary, mother of Jesus, Massacre of the Innocents, Matthew 1, Matthew 2, Mendicant orders, Messiah, Miaphysitism, Micah, Michael Patella, Middle Ages, Migdal Eder (biblical location), Ministry of Jesus, Monophysitism, Moses, Nativity Fast, Nativity of Jesus in art, Nativity of Mary, Nativity of Saint John the Baptist, Nativity play, Nativity scene, Nazareth, Nazirite, Nestorianism, New Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible, New Testament, Nile, Nunc dimittis, Old Testament, Order of Saint Francis, Oriental Orthodoxy, Origen, Orthodoxy, Parthenos (mythology), Passover, Patristics, Paul Barnett (bishop), Paul J. Achtemeier, Paul L. Maier, Paul the Apostle, Pauline epistles, Person of Christ, Pharaoh, Pharisees, Philippines, Plainsong, Pope Leo I, Pope Sixtus III, Pre-existence of Christ, Presentation of Jesus at the Temple, Protestantism, Prudentius, R. T. France, Rachel, Raymond E. Brown, Reformation, Resurrection of Jesus, Robert H. Gundry, Robert W. Funk, Romanos the Melodist, Rowan Williams, Saint Joseph, Saint Stephen, Salvation in Christianity, Samson, Sarcophagus, Schism, Septuagint, Shropshire, Simeon (Gospel of Luke), Son of God, Sophronius of Jerusalem, Stanza, Star of Bethlehem, Stephen L. Harris, Steve Mason (biblical scholar), Stigmata, Summa Theologica, Syriac Christianity, Theotokos, Thomas Aquinas, Thomas G. Long, Transfiguration of Jesus, Troparion, Ulrich, Ulrich Luz, Veni redemptor gentium, Virgin birth of Jesus, Visitation (Christianity), Western Rite Orthodoxy, William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company, Winter solstice, Zechariah (priest). Expand index (202 more) »
A cappella
A cappella (Italian for "in the manner of the chapel") music is specifically group or solo singing without instrumental accompaniment, or a piece intended to be performed in this way.
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Active obedience of Christ
In Protestant Christian theology, the active obedience of Jesus Christ (sometimes called his preceptive obedience) comprises the totality of his actions, which Christians believe was in perfect obedience to the law of God.
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Adam
Adam (ʾĀdam; Adám) is the name used in the opening chapters of the Book of Genesis for the first man created by God, but it is also used in a collective sense as "mankind" and individually as "a human".
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Adam and Eve
Adam and Eve, according to the creation myth of the Abrahamic religions, were the first man and woman.
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Adoration of the Shepherds
The Adoration of the Shepherds, in the Nativity of Jesus in art, is a scene in which shepherds are near witnesses to the birth of Jesus in Bethlehem, arriving soon after the actual birth.
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Advent
Advent is a season observed in many Christian churches as a time of expectant waiting and preparation for the celebration of the Nativity of Jesus at Christmas as well as the return of Jesus at the second coming.
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Aggadah
Aggadah (Aramaic אַגָּדָה: "tales, lore"; pl. aggadot or (Ashkenazi) aggados; also known as aggad or aggadh or agâdâ) refers to non-legalistic exegetical texts in the classical rabbinic literature of Judaism, particularly as recorded in the Talmud and Midrash.
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Almah
Almah (‘almāh, plural: ‘ălāmōṯ) is a Hebrew word for a maiden or woman of childbearing age who may be unmarried or married.
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Ambrose
Aurelius Ambrosius (– 397), better known in English as Ambrose, was a bishop of Milan who became one of the most influential ecclesiastical figures of the 4th century.
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Anglican Communion
The Anglican Communion is the third largest Christian communion with 85 million members, founded in 1867 in London, England.
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Anna the Prophetess
Anna (חַנָּה, Ἄννα) or Anna the Prophetess is a woman mentioned in the Gospel of Luke.
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Annunciation
The Annunciation (from Latin annuntiatio), also referred to as the Annunciation to the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Annunciation of Our Lady, or the Annunciation of the Lord, is the Christian celebration of the announcement by the angel Gabriel to the Virgin Mary that she would conceive and become the mother of Jesus, the Son of God, marking his Incarnation.
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Annunciation to the shepherds
The Annunciation to the shepherds is an episode in the Nativity of Jesus described in the Bible in Luke 2, in which angels tell a group of shepherds about the birth of Jesus.
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Anselm of Canterbury
Anselm of Canterbury (1033/4-1109), also called (Anselmo d'Aosta) after his birthplace and (Anselme du Bec) after his monastery, was a Benedictine monk, abbot, philosopher and theologian of the Catholic Church, who held the office of archbishop of Canterbury from 1093 to 1109.
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Antioch
Antioch on the Orontes (Antiókheia je epi Oróntou; also Syrian Antioch)Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Ὀρόντου; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ ἐπὶ Δάφνῃ, "Antioch on Daphne"; or Ἀντιόχεια ἡ Μεγάλη, "Antioch the Great"; Antiochia ad Orontem; Անտիոք Antiok; ܐܢܛܝܘܟܝܐ Anṭiokya; Hebrew: אנטיוכיה, Antiyokhya; Arabic: انطاكية, Anṭākiya; انطاکیه; Antakya.
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Archaeological Institute of America
The Archaeological Institute of America (AIA) is a North American nonprofit organization devoted to the promotion of public interest in archaeology, and the preservation of archaeological sites.
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Archaeology (magazine)
Archaeology is a bimonthly magazine for the general public, published by the Archaeological Institute of America.
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Augustine of Hippo
Saint Augustine of Hippo (13 November 354 – 28 August 430) was a Roman African, early Christian theologian and philosopher from Numidia whose writings influenced the development of Western Christianity and Western philosophy.
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Baptism of Jesus
The baptism of Jesus is described in the gospels of Matthew, Mark and Luke.
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Barbara Aland
Barbara Aland, née Ehlers (born 12 April 1937 in Hamburg, Germany) is a German theologian and was a Professor of New Testament Research and Church History at Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster until 2002.
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Benedictus (Song of Zechariah)
The Benedictus (also Song of Zechariah or Canticle of Zachary), given in Gospel of, is one of the three canticles in the opening chapters of this Gospel, the other two being the "Magnificat" and the "Nunc dimittis".
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Bernard of Clairvaux
Bernard of Clairvaux, O.Cist (Bernardus Claraevallensis; 109020 August 1153) was a French abbot and a major leader in the reform of Benedictine monasticism that caused the formation of the Cistercian order.
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Bernard Orchard
Dom Bernard Orchard OSB MA (3 May 1910 – 28 November 2006) was an English Roman Catholic Benedictine monk, headmaster and biblical scholar.
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Bethlehem
Bethlehem (بيت لحم, "House of Meat"; בֵּית לֶחֶם,, "House of Bread";; Bethleem; initially named after Canaanite fertility god Lehem) is a Palestinian city located in the central West Bank, Palestine, about south of Jerusalem.
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Bethlehem of Galilee
Bethlehem of Galilee (בֵּית לֶחֶם הַגְּלִילִית, Beit Lehem HaGlilit; lit. "the Galilean Bethlehem") is a moshav in northern Israel.
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Biblical Magi
The biblical Magi (or; singular: magus), also referred to as the (Three) Wise Men or (Three) Kings, were, in the Gospel of Matthew and Christian tradition, a group of distinguished foreigners who visited Jesus after his birth, bearing gifts of gold, frankincense and myrrh.
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Black Death
The Black Death, also known as the Great Plague, the Black Plague, or simply the Plague, was one of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated people in Eurasia and peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.
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Book of Genesis
The Book of Genesis (from the Latin Vulgate, in turn borrowed or transliterated from Greek "", meaning "Origin"; בְּרֵאשִׁית, "Bərēšīṯ", "In beginning") is the first book of the Hebrew Bible (the Tanakh) and the Old Testament.
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Book of Isaiah
The Book of Isaiah (ספר ישעיהו) is the first of the Latter Prophets in the Hebrew Bible and the first of the Major Prophets in the Christian Old Testament.
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Book of Judges
The Book of Judges (Hebrew: Sefer Shoftim ספר שופטים) is the seventh book of the Hebrew Bible and the Christian Old Testament.
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Bruce Chilton
Bruce Chilton (born 1949) is an American scholar of early Christianity and Judaism.
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Byzantine Empire
The Byzantine Empire, also referred to as the Eastern Roman Empire and Byzantium, was the continuation of the Roman Empire in its eastern provinces during Late Antiquity and the Middle Ages, when its capital city was Constantinople (modern-day Istanbul, which had been founded as Byzantium).
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Byzantine Rite
The Byzantine Rite, also known as the Greek Rite or Constantinopolitan Rite, is the liturgical rite used by the Eastern Orthodox Church as well as by certain Eastern Catholic Churches; also, parts of it are employed by, as detailed below, other denominations.
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Calvary
Calvary, or Golgotha (Biblical Greek Γολγοθᾶ Golgotha, traditionally interpreted as reflecting Syriac (Aramaic) golgolta, as it were Hebrew gulgōleṯ "skull" Strong's Concordance.), was, according to the Gospels, a site immediately outside Jerusalem's walls where Jesus was crucified.
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Canticle
A canticle (from the Latin canticulum, a diminutive of canticum, "song") is a hymn, psalm or other song of praise taken from biblical or holy texts other than the Psalms.
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Capernaum
Capernaum (כְּפַר נַחוּם, Kfar Naḥūm; Arabic: كفر ناحوم, meaning "Nahum's village" in Hebrew) was a fishing village established during the time of the Hasmoneans, located on the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee.
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Catacombs
Catacombs are human-made subterranean passageways for religious practice.
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Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.
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Census of Quirinius
The Census of Quirinius was a census of Judaea taken by Publius Sulpicius Quirinius, Roman governor of Syria, upon the imposition of direct Roman rule in 6 CE.
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Chorazin
Chorazin (Korazim; also Karraza, Kh. Karazeh, Chorizim, Kerazeh, Korazin) was an ancient village in northern Galilee, two and a half miles from Capernaum on a hill above the northern shore of the Sea of Galilee.
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Christ Child
The Christ Child, also known as Divine Infant, Baby Jesus, Infant Jesus, Child Jesus, the Holy Child, and Santo Niño, refers to Jesus Christ from his nativity to age 12.
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Christian art
Christian art is sacred art which uses themes and imagery from Christianity.
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Christian theology
Christian theology is the theology of Christian belief and practice.
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Christmas
Christmas is an annual festival commemorating the birth of Jesus Christ,Martindale, Cyril Charles.
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Christmas Oratorio
The Christmas Oratorio,, is an oratorio by Johann Sebastian Bach intended for performance in church during the Christmas season.
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Christology
Christology (from Greek Χριστός Khristós and -λογία, -logia) is the field of study within Christian theology which is primarily concerned with the ontology and person of Jesus as recorded in the canonical Gospels and the epistles of the New Testament.
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Christus (Liszt)
Christus (S.3, composed 1862-1866) is an oratorio by the Hungarian composer and pianist Franz Liszt.
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Chronography of 354
The Chronography of 354, also known as the Calendar of 354, was a 4th-century illuminated manuscript, which was produced in 354 AD for a wealthy Roman Christian named Valentinus by the calligrapher and illuminator Furius Dionysius Filocalus.
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Chronology of Jesus
A chronology of Jesus aims to establish a timeline for the historical events of the life of Jesus.
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Church Fathers
The Church Fathers, Early Church Fathers, Christian Fathers, or Fathers of the Church are ancient and influential Christian theologians and writers.
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Church of the Nativity
The Church of the Nativity, also Basilica of the Nativity (كَنِيسَةُ ٱلْمَهْد; Βασιλική της Γεννήσεως; Սուրբ Ծննդյան տաճար; Basilica Nativitatis) is a basilica located in Bethlehem in the West Bank.
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Clement of Alexandria
Titus Flavius Clemens, also known as Clement of Alexandria (Κλήμης ὁ Ἀλεξανδρεύς; c. 150 – c. 215), was a Christian theologian who taught at the Catechetical School of Alexandria.
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Codex Bezae
The Codex Bezae Cantabrigensis, designated by siglum Dea or 05 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), δ 5 (von Soden), is a codex of the New Testament dating from the 5th century written in an uncial hand on vellum.
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Codex Sinaiticus
Codex Sinaiticus (Σιναϊτικός Κώδικας, קודקס סינאיטיקוס; Shelfmarks and references: London, Brit. Libr., Additional Manuscripts 43725; Gregory-Aland nº א [Aleph] or 01, [Soden δ 2]) or "Sinai Bible" is one of the four great uncial codices, an ancient, handwritten copy of the Greek Bible.
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Coelius Sedulius
Sedulius (sometimes with the nomen Coelius or Caelius, both of doubtful authenticity) was a Christian poet of the first half of the 5th century.
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Contra Celsum
Against Celsus (Greek: Κατὰ Κέλσου; Latin: Contra Celsum), preserved entirely in Greek, is a major apologetics work by the Church Father Origen of Alexandria, written in around 248 AD, countering the writings of Celsus, a pagan philosopher and controversialist who had written a scathing attack on Christianity in his treatise The True Word.
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Council of Chalcedon
The Council of Chalcedon was a church council held from October 8 to November 1, AD 451, at Chalcedon.
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Council of Ephesus
The Council of Ephesus was a council of Christian bishops convened in Ephesus (near present-day Selçuk in Turkey) in AD 431 by the Roman Emperor Theodosius II.
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Craig Blomberg
Craig L. Blomberg (born 3 August 1955) is an American New Testament scholar.
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Crucifixion of Jesus
The crucifixion of Jesus occurred in 1st-century Judea, most likely between AD 30 and 33.
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Daniel J. Harrington
Daniel J. Harrington, S.J. (July 19, 1940February 7, 2014), was Professor of New Testament and Chair of the Biblical Studies Department at Boston College School of Theology and Ministry (formerly Weston Jesuit School of Theology).
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Davidic line
The Davidic line refers to the tracing of lineage to King David through the texts in the Hebrew Bible, in the New Testament, and through the following centuries.
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Demonym
A demonym (δῆμος dẽmos "people, tribe", ὄόνομα ónoma "name") is a word that identifies residents or natives of a particular place, which is derived from the name of that particular place.
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Dominican Order
The Order of Preachers (Ordo Praedicatorum, postnominal abbreviation OP), also known as the Dominican Order, is a mendicant Catholic religious order founded by the Spanish priest Dominic of Caleruega in France, approved by Pope Honorius III via the Papal bull Religiosam vitam on 22 December 1216.
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Dumuzid
Dumuzid, later known by the alternate form Tammuz, was the ancient Mesopotamian god of shepherds, who was also the primary consort of the goddess Inanna (later known as Ishtar).
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E. P. Sanders
Ed Parish Sanders, FBA (born 18 April 1937) is a New Testament scholar and one of the principal proponents of the "New Perspective on Paul".
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Easter
Easter,Traditional names for the feast in English are "Easter Day", as in the Book of Common Prayer, "Easter Sunday", used by James Ussher and Samuel Pepys and plain "Easter", as in books printed in,, also called Pascha (Greek, Latin) or Resurrection Sunday, is a festival and holiday celebrating the resurrection of Jesus from the dead, described in the New Testament as having occurred on the third day of his burial after his crucifixion by the Romans at Calvary 30 AD.
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Eastern Christianity
Eastern Christianity consists of four main church families: the Eastern Orthodox Church, the Oriental Orthodox churches, the Eastern Catholic churches (that are in communion with Rome but still maintain Eastern liturgies), and the denominations descended from the Church of the East.
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Eastern Orthodox Church
The Eastern Orthodox Church, also known as the Orthodox Church, or officially as the Orthodox Catholic Church, is the second-largest Christian Church, with over 250 million members.
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Ecumenical council
An ecumenical council (or oecumenical council; also general council) is a conference of ecclesiastical dignitaries and theological experts convened to discuss and settle matters of Church doctrine and practice in which those entitled to vote are convoked from the whole world (oikoumene) and which secures the approbation of the whole Church.
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Eduard Schweizer
Eduard Schweizer (1913–2006) was a Swiss New Testament scholar who taught at the University of Zurich for an extended period.
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Ephrem the Syrian
Ephrem the Syrian (ܡܪܝ ܐܦܪܝܡ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ Mār Aprêm Sûryāyâ; Greek: Ἐφραίμ ὁ Σῦρος; Ephraem Syrus, also known as St. Ephraem (Ephrem, Ephraim); c. 306 – 373) was a Syriac Christian deacon and a prolific Syriac-language hymnographer and theologian of the 4th century.
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Epiphany (holiday)
Epiphany, also Theophany, Little Christmas, or Three Kings' Day, is a Christian feast day that celebrates the revelation of God incarnate as Jesus Christ.
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Equinox
An equinox is commonly regarded as the moment the plane (extended indefinitely in all directions) of Earth's equator passes through the center of the Sun, which occurs twice each year, around 20 March and 22-23 September.
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Eschatology
Eschatology is a part of theology concerned with the final events of history, or the ultimate destiny of humanity.
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Fall of man
The fall of man, or the fall, is a term used in Christianity to describe the transition of the first man and woman from a state of innocent obedience to God to a state of guilty disobedience.
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Felix culpa
Felix culpa is a Latin phrase that comes from the words felix, meaning "happy," "lucky," or "blessed" and culpa, meaning "fault" or "fall".
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Flight into Egypt
The flight into Egypt is a story recounted in the Gospel of Matthew (Matthew 2:13–23) and the New Testament apocrypha.
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Francis of Assisi
Saint Francis of Assisi (San Francesco d'Assisi), born Giovanni di Pietro di Bernardone, informally named as Francesco (1181/11823 October 1226), was an Italian Catholic friar, deacon and preacher.
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Franciscans
The Franciscans are a group of related mendicant religious orders within the Catholic Church, founded in 1209 by Saint Francis of Assisi.
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Gabriel
Gabriel (lit, lit, ⲅⲁⲃⲣⲓⲏⲗ, ܓܒܪܝܝܠ), in the Abrahamic religions, is an archangel who typically serves as God's messenger.
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Géza Vermes
Géza Vermes, (22 June 1924 – 8 May 2013) was a British scholar of Hungarian Jewish origin—one who also served as a Catholic priest in his youth—and writer on religious history, particularly Jewish and Christian.
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Genealogy of Jesus
The New Testament provides two accounts of the genealogy of Jesus, one in the Gospel of Matthew and another in the Gospel of Luke.
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Gentile
Gentile (from Latin gentilis, by the French gentil, feminine: gentille, meaning of or belonging to a clan or a tribe) is an ethnonym that commonly means non-Jew.
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Geoffrey W. Bromiley
Geoffrey W. Bromiley (1915 – 7 August 2009) was an ecclesiastical historian and historical theologian.
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George Kilpatrick
George Dunbar Kilpatrick (15 September 1910 – 14 January 1989) was an Anglican priest and theologian.
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Gloria in excelsis Deo
"Gloria in excelsis Deo" (Latin for "Glory to God in the highest") is a Christian hymn known also as the Greater Doxology (as distinguished from the "Minor Doxology" or Gloria Patri) and the Angelic HymnOxford Dictionary of the Christian Church (Oxford University Press 2005), article Gloria in Excelsis/Hymn of the Angels.
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Good News Publishers
Good News Publishers is a non-profit evangelical Christian business that publishes and distributes Christian books and gospel tracts.
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Gospel harmony
A gospel harmony is an attempt to compile the canonical gospels of the Christian New Testament into a single account.
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Gospel of James
The Gospel of James, also known as the Infancy Gospel of James or the Protoevangelium of James, is an apocryphal Gospel probably written about AD 145, which expands backward in time the infancy stories contained in the Gospels of Matthew and Luke, and presents a narrative concerning the birth and upbringing of Mary herself.
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Gospel of John
The Gospel According to John is the fourth of the canonical gospels.
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Gospel of Luke
The Gospel According to Luke (Τὸ κατὰ Λουκᾶν εὐαγγέλιον, to kata Loukan evangelion), also called the Gospel of Luke, or simply Luke, is the third of the four canonical Gospels.
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Gospel of Mark
The Gospel According to Mark (τὸ κατὰ Μᾶρκον εὐαγγέλιον, to kata Markon euangelion), is one of the four canonical gospels and one of the three synoptic gospels.
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Gospel of Matthew
The Gospel According to Matthew (translit; also called the Gospel of Matthew or simply, Matthew) is the first book of the New Testament and one of the three synoptic gospels.
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Grant R. Osborne
Grant R. Osborne (born July 7, 1942) is an American theologian and New Testament scholar.
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Greco-Roman world
The Greco-Roman world, Greco-Roman culture, or the term Greco-Roman; spelled Graeco-Roman in the United Kingdom and the Commonwealth), when used as an adjective, as understood by modern scholars and writers, refers to those geographical regions and countries that culturally (and so historically) were directly, long-term, and intimately influenced by the language, culture, government and religion of the ancient Greeks and Romans. It is also better known as the Classical Civilisation. In exact terms the area refers to the "Mediterranean world", the extensive tracts of land centered on the Mediterranean and Black Sea basins, the "swimming-pool and spa" of the Greeks and Romans, i.e. one wherein the cultural perceptions, ideas and sensitivities of these peoples were dominant. This process was aided by the universal adoption of Greek as the language of intellectual culture and commerce in the Eastern Mediterranean Sea, and of Latin as the tongue for public management and forensic advocacy, especially in the Western Mediterranean. Though the Greek and the Latin never became the native idioms of the rural peasants who composed the great majority of the empire's population, they were the languages of the urbanites and cosmopolitan elites, and the lingua franca, even if only as corrupt or multifarious dialects to those who lived within the large territories and populations outside the Macedonian settlements and the Roman colonies. All Roman citizens of note and accomplishment regardless of their ethnic extractions, spoke and wrote in Greek and/or Latin, such as the Roman jurist and Imperial chancellor Ulpian who was of Phoenician origin, the mathematician and geographer Claudius Ptolemy who was of Greco-Egyptian origin and the famous post-Constantinian thinkers John Chrysostom and Augustine who were of Syrian and Berber origins, respectively, and the historian Josephus Flavius who was of Jewish origin and spoke and wrote in Greek.
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Greek language
Greek (Modern Greek: ελληνικά, elliniká, "Greek", ελληνική γλώσσα, ellinikí glóssa, "Greek language") is an independent branch of the Indo-European family of languages, native to Greece and other parts of the Eastern Mediterranean and the Black Sea.
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Gregorian calendar
The Gregorian calendar is the most widely used civil calendar in the world.
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Gregory of Nyssa
Gregory of Nyssa, also known as Gregory Nyssen (Γρηγόριος Νύσσης; c. 335 – c. 395), was bishop of Nyssa from 372 to 376 and from 378 until his death.
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Halakha
Halakha (הֲלָכָה,; also transliterated as halacha, halakhah, halachah or halocho) is the collective body of Jewish religious laws derived from the Written and Oral Torah.
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Heinrich Schütz
Heinrich Schütz (– 6 November 1672) was a German composer and organist, generally regarded as the most important German composer before Johann Sebastian Bach and often considered to be one of the most important composers of the 17th century.
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Helena (empress)
Helena, or Saint Helena (Greek: Ἁγία Ἑλένη, Hagía Helénē, Flavia Iulia Helena Augusta; –), was an Empress of the Roman Empire, and mother of Emperor Constantine the Great.
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Helmut Koester
Helmut Koester (December 18, 1926 – January 1, 2016) was a German-born American scholar of the New Testament and early Christianity at Harvard Divinity School.
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Heresy
Heresy is any belief or theory that is strongly at variance with established beliefs or customs, in particular the accepted beliefs of a church or religious organization.
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Herod the Great
Herod (Greek:, Hērōdēs; 74/73 BCE – c. 4 BCE/1 CE), also known as Herod the Great and Herod I, was a Roman client king of Judea, referred to as the Herodian kingdom.
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Hippolytus of Rome
Hippolytus of Rome (170 – 235 AD) was one of the most important 3rd-century theologians in the Christian Church in Rome, where he was probably born.
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Holy Family
The Holy Family consists of the Child Jesus, the Virgin Mary, and Saint Joseph.
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Holy Name of Jesus
In Roman Catholicism, the veneration Holy Name of Jesus (also Most Holy Name of Jesus, Santissimo Nome di Gesù) developed as a separate type of devotion in the Early Modern period, in parallel to that of the Sacred Heart.
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Holy Spirit
Holy Spirit (also called Holy Ghost) is a term found in English translations of the Bible that is understood differently among the Abrahamic religions.
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Humility
Humility is the quality of being humble.
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Hymn
A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification.
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Hymns to Mary
Marian hymns are Christian songs focused on the Virgin Mary.
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Hypostatic union
Hypostatic union (from the Greek: ὑπόστασις hypóstasis, "sediment, foundation, substance, subsistence") is a technical term in Christian theology employed in mainstream Christology to describe the union of Christ's humanity and divinity in one hypostasis, or individual existence.
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Icon
An icon (from Greek εἰκών eikōn "image") is a religious work of art, most commonly a painting, from the Eastern Orthodox Church, Oriental Orthodoxy, and certain Eastern Catholic churches.
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Irenaeus
Irenaeus (Ειρηναίος Eirēnaíos) (died about 202) was a Greek cleric noted for his role in guiding and expanding Christian communities in what is now the south of France and, more widely, for the development of Christian theology by combatting heresy and defining orthodoxy.
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Isaac
According to the biblical Book of Genesis, Isaac (إسحٰق/إسحاق) was the son of Abraham and Sarah and father of Jacob; his name means "he will laugh", reflecting when Sarah laughed in disbelief when told that she would have a child.
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Isaiah
Isaiah (or;; ܐܹܫܲܥܝܵܐ ˀēšaˁyā; Greek: Ἠσαΐας, Ēsaïās; Latin: Isaias; Arabic: إشعيا Ašaʿyāʾ or šaʿyā; "Yah is salvation") was the 8th-century BC Jewish prophet for whom the Book of Isaiah is named.
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Ishmael
Ishmael Ἰσμαήλ Ismaēl; Classical/Qur'anic Arabic: إِسْمَٰعِيْل; Modern Arabic: إِسْمَاعِيْل ʾIsmāʿīl; Ismael) is a figure in the Tanakh and the Quran and was Abraham's first son according to Jews, Christians and Muslims. Ishmael was born to Abraham and Sarah's handmaiden Hagar (Hājar).. According to the Genesis account, he died at the age of 137. The Book of Genesis and Islamic traditions consider Ishmael to be the ancestor of the Ishmaelites and patriarch of Qaydār. According to Muslim tradition, Ishmael the Patriarch and his mother Hagar are said to be buried next to the Kaaba in Mecca.
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James Hastings
James Hastings (26 March 1852 – 15 October 1922) was a Scottish United Free Church minister and biblical scholar.
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Jean Gerson
Jean Charlier de Gerson (13 December 1363 – 12 July 1429) was a French scholar, educator, reformer, and poet, Chancellor of the University of Paris, a guiding light of the conciliar movement and one of the most prominent theologians at the Council of Constance.
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Jesus
Jesus, also referred to as Jesus of Nazareth and Jesus Christ, was a first-century Jewish preacher and religious leader.
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Jesus in Christianity
In Christianity, Jesus is believed to be the Messiah (Christ) and through his crucifixion and resurrection, humans can be reconciled to God and thereby are offered salvation and the promise of eternal life.
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Jesus in Islam
In Islam, ʿĪsā ibn Maryam (lit), or Jesus, is understood to be the penultimate prophet and messenger of God (Allah) and al-Masih, the Arabic term for Messiah (Christ), sent to guide the Children of Israel with a new revelation: al-Injīl (Arabic for "the gospel").
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Jesus Seminar
The Jesus Seminar was a group of about 50 critical Biblical scholars and 100 laymen founded in 1985 by Robert Funk that originated under the auspices of the Westar Institute.
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Jesus, King of the Jews
In the New Testament, Jesus is referred to as the King of the Jews (or of the Judeans), both at the beginning of his life and at the end.
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Johann Sebastian Bach
Johann Sebastian Bach (28 July 1750) was a composer and musician of the Baroque period, born in the Duchy of Saxe-Eisenach.
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John Audelay
John Audelay (or Awdelay; … – c. 1426) was an English priest and poet from Haughmond Abbey, in Shropshire; he is one of the few English poets of the period whose name is known to us.
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John Calvin
John Calvin (Jean Calvin; born Jehan Cauvin; 10 July 150927 May 1564) was a French theologian, pastor and reformer in Geneva during the Protestant Reformation.
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John Chrysostom
John Chrysostom (Ἰωάννης ὁ Χρυσόστομος; c. 349 – 14 September 407), Archbishop of Constantinople, was an important Early Church Father.
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John Milton
John Milton (9 December 16088 November 1674) was an English poet, polemicist, man of letters, and civil servant for the Commonwealth of England under its Council of State and later under Oliver Cromwell.
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John the Baptist
John the Baptist (יוחנן המטביל Yokhanan HaMatbil, Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτιστής, Iōánnēs ho baptistḗs or Ἰωάννης ὁ βαπτίζων, Iōánnēs ho baptízōn,Lang, Bernhard (2009) International Review of Biblical Studies Brill Academic Pub p. 380 – "33/34 CE Herod Antipas's marriage to Herodias (and beginning of the ministry of Jesus in a sabbatical year); 35 CE – death of John the Baptist" ⲓⲱⲁⲛⲛⲏⲥ ⲡⲓⲡⲣⲟⲇⲣⲟⲙⲟⲥ or ⲓⲱ̅ⲁ ⲡⲓⲣϥϯⲱⲙⲥ, يوحنا المعمدان) was a Jewish itinerant preacherCross, F. L. (ed.) (2005) Oxford Dictionary of the Christian Church, 3rd ed.
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Josephus
Titus Flavius Josephus (Φλάβιος Ἰώσηπος; 37 – 100), born Yosef ben Matityahu (יוסף בן מתתיהו, Yosef ben Matityahu; Ἰώσηπος Ματθίου παῖς), was a first-century Romano-Jewish scholar, historian and hagiographer, who was born in Jerusalem—then part of Roman Judea—to a father of priestly descent and a mother who claimed royal ancestry.
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Julian (emperor)
Julian (Flavius Claudius Iulianus Augustus; Φλάβιος Κλαύδιος Ἰουλιανὸς Αὔγουστος; 331/332 – 26 June 363), also known as Julian the Apostate, was Roman Emperor from 361 to 363, as well as a notable philosopher and author in Greek.
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Julian calendar
The Julian calendar, proposed by Julius Caesar in 46 BC (708 AUC), was a reform of the Roman calendar.
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Justin Martyr
Justin Martyr (Latin: Iustinus Martyr) was an early Christian apologist, and is regarded as the foremost interpreter of the theory of the Logos in the 2nd century.
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Justinian I
Justinian I (Flavius Petrus Sabbatius Iustinianus Augustus; Flávios Pétros Sabbátios Ioustinianós; 482 14 November 565), traditionally known as Justinian the Great and also Saint Justinian the Great in the Eastern Orthodox Church, was the Eastern Roman emperor from 527 to 565.
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Karl Barth
Karl Barth (–) was a Swiss Reformed theologian who is often regarded as the greatest Protestant theologian of the twentieth century.
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Karl Rahner
Karl Rahner (5 March 1904 – 30 March 1984) was a German Jesuit priest and theologian who, alongside Henri de Lubac, Hans Urs von Balthasar, and Yves Congar, is considered one of the most influential Roman Catholic theologians of the 20th century.
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Koiak
Koiak (Ⲕⲟⲓⲁⲕ), also known as Choiak (Χοιάκ, Khoiák) and Kiyahk.
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Kontakion
The kontakion (κοντάκιον, also transliterated as kondakion and kontakio; plural κοντάκια, kontakia) is a form of hymn performed in the Orthodox and the Eastern Catholic liturgical traditions.
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Konya
Konya (Ikónion, Iconium) is a major city in south-western edge of the Central Anatolian Plateau and is the seventh-most-populous city in Turkey with a metropolitan population of over 2.1 million.
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Kyrios
Kyrios or kurios (translit) is a Greek word which is usually translated as "lord" or "master".
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L source
In historical-critical analysis, the L source is an inferred oral tradition which Luke used when composing his gospel.
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Larry Hurtado
Larry Hurtado (born 1943) is a New Testament scholar, historian of early Christianity and Emeritus Professor of New Testament Language, Literature and Theology at the University of Edinburgh, Scotland (Professor 1996-2011).
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Latin Church
The Latin Church, sometimes called the Western Church, is the largest particular church sui iuris in full communion with the Pope and the rest of the Catholic Church, tracing its history to the earliest days of Christianity.
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Life of Christ in art
The Life of Christ as a narrative cycle in Christian art comprises a number of different subjects narrating the events from the life of Jesus on earth.
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Life of Jesus in the New Testament
The four canonical gospels of the New Testament are the primary sources of information for the narrative of the life of Jesus.
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Life of the Virgin
The Life of the Virgin, showing narrative scenes from the life of Mary, the mother of Jesus, is a common subject for pictorial cycles in Christian art, often complementing, or forming part of, a cycle on the Life of Christ.
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Liturgical music
Liturgical music originated as a part of religious ceremony, and includes a number of traditions, both ancient and modern.
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Liturgy
Liturgy is the customary public worship performed by a religious group, according to its beliefs, customs and traditions.
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Logos
Logos (lógos; from λέγω) is a term in Western philosophy, psychology, rhetoric, and religion derived from a Greek word variously meaning "ground", "plea", "opinion", "expectation", "word", "speech", "account", "reason", "proportion", and "discourse",Henry George Liddell and Robert Scott,: logos, 1889.
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Logos (Christianity)
In Christology, the Logos (lit) is a name or title of Jesus Christ, derived from the prologue to the Gospel of John (c 100) "In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God", as well as in the Book of Revelation (c 85), "And he was clothed with a vesture dipped in blood: and his name is called The Word of God." These passages have been important for establishing the doctrine of the divinity of Jesus since the earliest days of Christianity.
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Lord's Day
The Lord's Day in Christianity is generally Sunday, the principal day of communal worship.
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M Source
M Source, which is sometimes referred to as M document, or simply M, comes from the M in "Matthean material".
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Madonna (art)
A Madonna is a representation of Mary, either alone or with her child Jesus.
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Magnificat
The Magnificat (Latin for " magnifies ") is a canticle, also known as the Song of Mary, the Canticle of Mary and, in the Byzantine tradition, the Ode of the Theotokos.
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Marcan priority
Marcan priority, the hypothesis that the Gospel of Mark was the first-written of the three Synoptic Gospels and was used as a source by the other two (Matthew and Luke) is a central element in discussion of the synoptic problem – the question of the documentary relationship among these three Gospels.
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Marcus Borg
Marcus J. Borg (March 11, 1942 – January 21, 2015) was an American New Testament scholar and theologian.
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Marian art in the Catholic Church
The Blessed Virgin Mary has been one of the major subjects of Western Art for centuries.
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Mariology
Mariology is the theological study of Mary, the mother of Jesus.
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Mary, mother of Jesus
Mary was a 1st-century BC Galilean Jewish woman of Nazareth, and the mother of Jesus, according to the New Testament and the Quran.
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Massacre of the Innocents
The Massacre of the Innocents is the biblical account of infanticide by Herod the Great, the Roman-appointed King of the Jews.
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Matthew 1
Matthew 1 is the first chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament.
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Matthew 2
Matthew 2 is the second chapter of the Gospel of Matthew in the New Testament.
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Mendicant orders
Mendicant orders are, primarily, certain Christian religious orders that have adopted a lifestyle of poverty, traveling, and living in urban areas for purposes of preaching, evangelism, and ministry, especially to the poor.
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Messiah
In Abrahamic religions, the messiah or messias is a saviour or liberator of a group of people.
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Miaphysitism
Miaphysitism is a Christological formula holding that in the person of Jesus Christ, divine nature and human nature are united (μία, mia – "one" or "unity") in a compound nature ("physis"), the two being united without separation, without mixture, without confusion and without alteration.
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Micah
Micah is a given name.
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Michael Patella
Father Michael Patella, OSB, is a monk of Saint John's Abbey, an author, theologian, and professor of theology at Saint John's University in Minnesota, United States.
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Middle Ages
In the history of Europe, the Middle Ages (or Medieval Period) lasted from the 5th to the 15th century.
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Migdal Eder (biblical location)
Migdal Eder, literally, "Tower of Eder" in Hebrew, is a tower mentioned in the biblical book of Genesis 35:21, in the context of the death of Jacob's wife, Rachel.
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Ministry of Jesus
In the Christian gospels, the ministry of Jesus begins with his baptism in the countryside of Roman Judea and Transjordan, near the river Jordan, and ends in Jerusalem, following the Last Supper with his disciples.
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Monophysitism
Monophysitism (or; Greek: μονοφυσιτισμός; Late Koine Greek from μόνος monos, "only, single" and φύσις physis, "nature") is the Christological position that, after the union of the divine and the human in the historical incarnation, Jesus Christ, as the incarnation of the eternal Son or Word (Logos) of God, had only a single "nature" which was either divine or a synthesis of divine and human.
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Moses
Mosesמֹשֶׁה, Modern Tiberian ISO 259-3; ܡܘܫܐ Mūše; موسى; Mωϋσῆς was a prophet in the Abrahamic religions.
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Nativity Fast
The Nativity Fast is a period of abstinence and penance practiced by the Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox, and Eastern Catholic Churches, in preparation for the Nativity of Jesus (December 25).
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Nativity of Jesus in art
The Nativity of Jesus has been a major subject of Christian art since the 4th century.
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Nativity of Mary
The Nativity of the Blessed Virgin Mary, the Nativity of Mary, or the Birth of the Virgin Mary, refers to a Christian feast day celebrating the birth of the Blessed Virgin Mary.
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Nativity of Saint John the Baptist
The Nativity of John the Baptist (or Birth of John the Baptist, or Nativity of the Forerunner, or colloquially Johnmas or (in German) Johannistag) is a Christian feast day celebrating the birth of John the Baptist, a prophet who foretold the coming of the Messiah in the person of Jesus, whom he later baptised.
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Nativity play
A Nativity play or Christmas pageant is a play which recounts the story of the Nativity of Jesus.
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Nativity scene
In the Christian tradition, a nativity scene (also known as a manger scene, crib, crèche (or, or in Italian presepio or presepe) is the special exhibition, particularly during the Christmas season, of art objects representing the birth of Jesus.Berliner, R. The Origins of the Creche. Gazette des Beaux-Arts, 30 (1946), p. 251. While the term "nativity scene" may be used of any representation of the very common subject of the Nativity of Jesus in art, it has a more specialized sense referring to seasonal displays, either using model figures in a setting or reenactments called "living nativity scenes" (tableau vivant) in which real humans and animals participate. Nativity scenes exhibit figures representing the infant Jesus, his mother, Mary, and her husband, Joseph. Other characters from the nativity story, such as shepherds, sheep, and angels may be displayed near the manger in a barn (or cave) intended to accommodate farm animals, as described in the Gospel of Luke. A donkey and an ox are typically depicted in the scene, and the Magi and their camels, described in the Gospel of Matthew, are also included. Several cultures add other characters and objects that may or may not be Biblical. Saint Francis of Assisi is credited with creating the first live nativity scene in 1223 in order to cultivate the worship of Christ. He himself had recently been inspired by his visit to the Holy Land, where he'd been shown Jesus's traditional birthplace. The scene's popularity inspired communities throughout Catholic countries to stage similar pantomimes. Distinctive nativity scenes and traditions have been created around the world, and are displayed during the Christmas season in churches, homes, shopping malls, and other venues, and occasionally on public lands and in public buildings. Nativity scenes have not escaped controversy, and in the United States their inclusion on public lands or in public buildings has provoked court challenges.
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Nazareth
Nazareth (נָצְרַת, Natzrat; النَّاصِرَة, an-Nāṣira; ܢܨܪܬ, Naṣrath) is the capital and the largest city in the Northern District of Israel.
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Nazirite
In the Hebrew Bible, a nazirite or nazarite is one who voluntarily took a vow described in.
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Nestorianism
Nestorianism is a Christological doctrine that emphasizes a distinction between the human and divine natures of the divine person, Jesus.
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New Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible
The New Interpreter's Dictionary of the Bible is a five volume dictionary of the Bible.
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New Testament
The New Testament (Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, trans. Hē Kainḕ Diathḗkē; Novum Testamentum) is the second part of the Christian biblical canon, the first part being the Old Testament, based on the Hebrew Bible.
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Nile
The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.
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Nunc dimittis
The Nunc dimittis (also Song of Simeon or Canticle of Simeon) is a canticle from the opening words from the Vulgate translation of the New Testament in the second chapter of Luke named after its incipit in Latin, meaning "Now you dismiss".
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Old Testament
The Old Testament (abbreviated OT) is the first part of Christian Bibles, based primarily upon the Hebrew Bible (or Tanakh), a collection of ancient religious writings by the Israelites believed by most Christians and religious Jews to be the sacred Word of God.
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Order of Saint Francis
The Order of Saint Francis (OSF) is an active, Apostolic Christian religious order within the in the Franciscan tradition.
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Oriental Orthodoxy
Oriental Orthodoxy is the fourth largest communion of Christian churches, with about 76 million members worldwide.
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Origen
Origen of Alexandria (184 – 253), also known as Origen Adamantius, was a Hellenistic scholar, ascetic, and early Christian theologian who was born and spent the first half of his career in Alexandria.
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Orthodoxy
Orthodoxy (from Greek ὀρθοδοξία orthodoxía "right opinion") is adherence to correct or accepted creeds, especially in religion.
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Parthenos (mythology)
In Greek mythology, the name Parthenos (Παρθένος) means "virgin".
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Passover
Passover or Pesach (from Hebrew Pesah, Pesakh) is a major, biblically derived Jewish holiday.
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Patristics
Patristics or patrology is the study of the early Christian writers who are designated Church Fathers.
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Paul Barnett (bishop)
Paul William Barnett (born 23 September 1935) is an Australian Anglican bishop, ancient historian and New Testament scholar.
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Paul J. Achtemeier
Paul John Achtemeier (3 September 1927 - 28 January 2013) was Herbert Worth and Annie H. Jackson Professor of Biblical Interpretation Emeritus at Union Theological Seminary, now Union Presbyterian Seminary in Richmond, Virginia.
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Paul L. Maier
Paul L. Maier (born May 31, 1930) is a historian and novelist.
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Paul the Apostle
Paul the Apostle (Paulus; translit, ⲡⲁⲩⲗⲟⲥ; c. 5 – c. 64 or 67), commonly known as Saint Paul and also known by his Jewish name Saul of Tarsus (translit; Saũlos Tarseús), was an apostle (though not one of the Twelve Apostles) who taught the gospel of the Christ to the first century world.
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Pauline epistles
The Pauline epistles, Epistles of Paul, or Letters of Paul, are the 13 New Testament books which have the name Paul (Παῦλος) as the first word, hence claiming authorship by Paul the Apostle.
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Person of Christ
In Christology, the term Person of Christ (πρόσωπον, prosopon) refers to the study of personal (prosopic) characteristics of Jesus Christ as the second person of the Divine Trinity.
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Pharaoh
Pharaoh (ⲡⲣ̅ⲣⲟ Prro) is the common title of the monarchs of ancient Egypt from the First Dynasty (c. 3150 BCE) until the annexation of Egypt by the Roman Empire in 30 BCE, although the actual term "Pharaoh" was not used contemporaneously for a ruler until circa 1200 BCE.
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Pharisees
The Pharisees were at various times a political party, a social movement, and a school of thought in the Holy Land during the time of Second Temple Judaism.
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Philippines
The Philippines (Pilipinas or Filipinas), officially the Republic of the Philippines (Republika ng Pilipinas), is a unitary sovereign and archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.
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Plainsong
Plainsong (also plainchant; cantus planus) is a body of chants used in the liturgies of the Western Church.
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Pope Leo I
Pope Saint Leo I (400 – 10 November 461), also known as Saint Leo the Great, was Pope from 29 September 440 and died in 461.
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Pope Sixtus III
Pope Sixtus III (d. 18 August 440) was Pope from 31 July 432 to his death in 440.
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Pre-existence of Christ
The doctrine of the pre-existence (or preexistence) of Christ asserts the ontological or personal existence of Christ before his incarnation.
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Presentation of Jesus at the Temple
The Presentation of Jesus at the Temple is an early episode in the life of Jesus, describing his presentation at the Temple in Jerusalem in order to officially induct him into Judaism, that is celebrated by many Christian Churches on the holiday of Candlemas.
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Protestantism
Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.
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Prudentius
Aurelius Prudentius Clemens was a Roman Christian poet, born in the Roman province of Tarraconensis (now Northern Spain) in 348.
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R. T. France
Richard Thomas France (2 April 1938 – 10 February 2012) was a New Testament scholar and Anglican cleric.
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Rachel
Rachel (meaning ewe) was a Biblical figure best known for her infertility.
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Raymond E. Brown
Raymond Edward Brown (May 22, 1928 – August 8, 1998) was an American Catholic priest, a member of the Sulpician Fathers and a prominent biblical scholar.
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Reformation
The Reformation (or, more fully, the Protestant Reformation; also, the European Reformation) was a schism in Western Christianity initiated by Martin Luther and continued by Huldrych Zwingli, John Calvin and other Protestant Reformers in 16th century Europe.
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Resurrection of Jesus
The resurrection of Jesus or resurrection of Christ is the Christian religious belief that, after being put to death, Jesus rose again from the dead: as the Nicene Creed expresses it, "On the third day he rose again in accordance with the Scriptures".
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Robert H. Gundry
Robert Horton Gundry (born 1932) is an American scholar and retired professor of New Testament studies and Koine Greek.
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Robert W. Funk
Robert W. Funk (July 18, 1926 – September 3, 2005) was an American biblical scholar, founder of the Jesus Seminar and the nonprofit Westar Institute in Santa Rosa, California.
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Romanos the Melodist
Saint Romanos the Melodist or the Hymnographer (often Latinized as Romanus or Anglicized as Roman), was one of the greatest of Syrio-Greek hymnographers, called "the Pindar of rhythmic poetry".
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Rowan Williams
Rowan Douglas Williams, Baron Williams of Oystermouth (born 14 June 1950) is a Welsh Anglican bishop, theologian and poet.
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Saint Joseph
Joseph (translit) is a figure in the Gospels who was married to Mary, Jesus' mother, and, in the Christian tradition, was Jesus's legal father.
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Saint Stephen
Stephen (Στέφανος Stéphanos, meaning "wreath, crown" and by extension "reward, honor", often given as a title rather than as a name), (c. AD 5 – c. AD 34) traditionally venerated as the protomartyr or first martyr of Christianity,, St.
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Salvation in Christianity
Salvation in Christianity, or deliverance, is the saving of the soul from sin and its consequences.
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Samson
Samson (Shimshon, "man of the sun") was the last of the judges of the ancient Israelites mentioned in the Book of Judges in the Hebrew Bible (chapters 13 to 16) and one of the last of the leaders who "judged" Israel before the institution of the monarchy.
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Sarcophagus
A sarcophagus (plural, sarcophagi) is a box-like funeral receptacle for a corpse, most commonly carved in stone, and usually displayed above ground, though it may also be buried.
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Schism
A schism (pronounced, or, less commonly) is a division between people, usually belonging to an organization, movement, or religious denomination.
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Septuagint
The Septuagint or LXX (from the septuāgintā literally "seventy"; sometimes called the Greek Old Testament) is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament from the original Hebrew.
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Shropshire
Shropshire (alternatively Salop; abbreviated, in print only, Shrops; demonym Salopian) is a county in the West Midlands of England, bordering Wales to the west, Cheshire to the north, Staffordshire to the east, and Worcestershire and Herefordshire to the south.
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Simeon (Gospel of Luke)
Simeon (Simeon the God-receiver) at the Temple is the "just and devout" man of Jerusalem who, according to, met Mary, Joseph, and Jesus as they entered the Temple to fulfill the requirements of the Law of Moses on the 40th day from Jesus' birth at the presentation of Jesus at the Temple.
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Son of God
Historically, many rulers have assumed titles such as son of God, son of a god or son of heaven.
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Sophronius of Jerusalem
Sophronius (c. 560 – March 11, 638; Σωφρόνιος) was the Patriarch of Jerusalem from 634 until his death.
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Stanza
In poetry, a stanza (from Italian stanza, "room") is a grouped set of lines within a poem, usually set off from other stanzas by a blank line or indentation.
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Star of Bethlehem
The Star of Bethlehem, or Christmas Star, appears only in the nativity story of the Gospel of Matthew, where "wise men from the East" (Magi) are inspired by the star to travel to Jerusalem.
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Stephen L. Harris
Stephen L. Harris (born 1937) is Professor Emeritus of Humanities and Religious Studies at California State University, Sacramento.
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Steve Mason (biblical scholar)
Steve N. Mason (born 1957) is a Canadian historian of Judea in the Graeco-Roman period, best known for his studies of Josephus and early Christian writings.
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Stigmata
Stigmata (singular stigma) is a term used by members of the Catholic faith to describe body marks, sores, or sensations of pain in locations corresponding to the crucifixion wounds of Jesus Christ, such as the hands, wrists, and feet.
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Summa Theologica
The Summa Theologiae (written 1265–1274 and also known as the Summa Theologica or simply the Summa) is the best-known work of Thomas Aquinas (c. 1225–1274).
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Syriac Christianity
Syriac Christianity (ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ / mšiḥāiūṯā suryāiṯā) refers to Eastern Christian traditions that employs Syriac language in their liturgical rites.
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Theotokos
Theotokos (Greek Θεοτόκος) is a title of Mary, mother of God, used especially in Eastern Christianity.
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Thomas Aquinas
Saint Thomas Aquinas (1225 – 7 March 1274) was an Italian Dominican friar, Catholic priest, and Doctor of the Church.
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Thomas G. Long
Dr.
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Transfiguration of Jesus
The Transfiguration of Jesus is an event reported in the New Testament when Jesus is transfigured and becomes radiant in glory upon a mountain.
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Troparion
A troparion (Greek τροπάριον, plural: troparia, τροπάρια; Georgian: ტროპარი, "tropari" Church Slavonic: тропа́рь, tropar) in Byzantine music and in the religious music of Eastern Orthodox Christianity is a short hymn of one stanza, or organised in more complex forms as series of stanzas.
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Ulrich
Ulrich, is a German given name, derived from Old High German Uodalrich, Odalric.
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Ulrich Luz
Ulrich Luz (born 23 February 1938) is a Swiss theologian and professor emeritus at the University of Bern.
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Veni redemptor gentium
"Veni redemptor gentium" (Come, Redeemer of the nations) is a Latin Advent or Christmas hymn by Ambrose in 88 88 iambic dimeter.
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Virgin birth of Jesus
The virgin birth of Jesus is the belief that Jesus was conceived in the womb of his mother Mary through the Holy Spirit without the agency of a human father and born while Mary was still a virgin.
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Visitation (Christianity)
The Visitation is the visit of Mary to Elizabeth as recorded in the Gospel of Luke,.
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Western Rite Orthodoxy
Western Rite Orthodoxy or Western Orthodoxy or Orthodox Western Rite are terms used to describe congregations that are within Churches of Orthodox tradition but which use liturgies of Western or Latin origin rather than adopting Eastern liturgies such as the Divine Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom.
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William B. Eerdmans Publishing Company
Wm.
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Winter solstice
The winter solstice (or hibernal solstice), also known as midwinter, is an astronomical phenomenon marking the day with the shortest period of daylight and the longest night of the year.
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Zechariah (priest)
Zechariah (זכריה, "remember God"; Ζαχαρίας; Zacharias in KJV; Zachary in the Douay-Rheims Bible; Zakariyyāʾ (زَكَـرِيَّـا) in Islamic tradition) is a figure in the New Testament Bible and the Quran, hence venerated in Christianity and Islam.
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Redirects here:
Birth of Christ, Birth of Jesu, Birth of Jesus, Birthplace of Jesus, Infancy Narrative, Infancy narrative, Jesus at the Nativity, MHaLL, Mt. 1:18, Mt. 1:19, Mt. 1:20, Mt. 1:21, Mt. 1:22, Mt. 1:23, Mt. 1:24, Mt. 1:25, Nativity of Christ, Nativity of Jesus Christ, Nativity of jesus, Nativity story, The Nativity, The nativity.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nativity_of_Jesus
