Faster access than browser!
242 relations: Acetylcholine, Acetylcholinesterase, Action potential, Adenosine triphosphate, Adult, Algal bloom, Alkaloid, Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor, Aluminium, Alzheimer's disease, Amine, Amino acid, Ammonia, AMPA receptor, Anatoxin-a, Anesthesiologist, Antagonist, Antioxidant, Antitoxin, Apoptosis, Arrow, Arsenic, Arsenite, Asphyxia, Astrocyte, ATPase, Atropine, Axon, Banded krait, Biochemical Pharmacology (journal), Blood, Blood–brain barrier, Botulinum toxin, Brain, Bungarotoxin, Calcium, Cangitoxin, Capillary, Capsaicin, Carambola, Caramboxin, Carnitine, Caspase, Catalase, Cell (biology), Cell membrane, Cellular respiration, Central nervous system, Cerebellum, Cerebral edema, ..., Cerebrospinal fluid, CGMP-dependent protein kinase, Chemical synapse, Child, Chili pepper, Chloride channel, Chlorotoxin, Cholesterol, Cholinergic, Cholinesterase, Choroid plexus, Circulatory system, Cirrhosis, Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium tetani, Coninae, Conotoxin, Craniofacial, Curare, Cyanobacteria, Cyanotoxin, Cyclic guanosine monophosphate, Cytoskeleton, Cytotoxicity, Dart (missile), DDT, Death, Dementia, Depolarization, Development of the nervous system, Developmental biology, Diet (nutrition), Diethylmercury, Dimethylmercury, Dopamine, Dystonia, Electron transport chain, Endocytosis, Endogeny (biology), Ependyma, Epilepsy, Ethanol, Excitotoxicity, Exogeny, Fasciculation, Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder, Fetus, Gastrointestinal tract, Glioma, Glutamic acid, Glutaminase, Glutamine, Gonad, Grey matter, Heavy metals, Hepatic encephalopathy, Hexane, Hippocampus, Hodgkin–Huxley model, Homeostasis, Human, Human skeleton, Huntington's disease, Hydrophile, Hydrophobe, In vitro, In vivo, Indigenous peoples of the Americas, Infant, Inflammation, Ingestion, Inositol trisphosphate, Insult (medical), Intellectual disability, Intracellular, Intraperitoneal injection, Ion, Ion channel, Ischemia, Isotopic labeling, Japan, JWH-018, Kidney failure, Lead, Limb (anatomy), Lipid, Lipid bilayer, Lithium, Liver, Liver failure, Long-term potentiation, Manganese, Medical ventilator, Memory, Mercury (element), Mesolimbic pathway, Metabolism, Metabolite, Metal, Methylmercury, Mining, Mitochondrion, Molidae, Morphogenesis, Motor coordination, Motor neuron, Mouth, MPP+, MPTP, Muscle, Muscle atrophy, Muscle contraction, Muscular system, Myopathy, NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating), Nausea, Neostigmine, Nervous system, Nervous tissue, Neural tube, Neurite, Neurofilament, Neurogenesis, Neuroglia, Neurology, Neuromuscular junction, Neuron, Neuroscience, Neuroscientist, Neurotoxicity, Neurotransmitter, Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, Nitric oxide, NMDA receptor, Nociceptor, Organophosphate, Ovary, Oxidative phosphorylation, Oxidative stress, Paralysis, Paresthesia, Parkinson's disease, Parkinsonism, Pathology, Patient, Peripheral nervous system, Peripheral neuropathy, Peroxidase, Physician, Plumbing, Porcupinefish, Potassium channel, Prognosis, Protein kinase C, Reactive oxygen species, Receptor (biochemistry), Respiratory failure, Roman Empire, Sarin, Saturated fat, Scientist, Scorpion, Seafood, Skin, Smelting, SNARE (protein), Sodium channel, Spasticity, Spinal cord, Stroke, Substantia nigra, Surface runoff, Sympathetic nervous system, Symptom, Synapse, Tetanospasmin, Tetanus, Tetraethylammonium, Tetraodontidae, Tetrodotoxin, Toxicology in Vitro, Toxicology Letters, Toxin, TRPV1, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Venom, Ventricular system, Vesicle (biology and chemistry), Vitamin E, Voltage-gated potassium channel, Vomiting, 25I-NBOMe. Expand index (192 more) »
Acetylcholine
Acetylcholine (ACh) is an organic chemical that functions in the brain and body of many types of animals, including humans, as a neurotransmitter—a chemical message released by nerve cells to send signals to other cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Acetylcholine · See more »
Acetylcholinesterase
Acetylcholinesterase, encoded by HGNC gene ACHE; EC 3.1.1.7) is the primary cholinesterase in the body. It is an enzyme that catalyzes the breakdown of acetylcholine and of some other choline esters that function as neurotransmitters. AChE is found at mainly neuromuscular junctions and in chemical synapses of the cholinergic type, where its activity serves to terminate synaptic transmission. It belongs to carboxylesterase family of enzymes. It is the primary target of inhibition by organophosphorus compounds such as nerve agents and pesticides.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Acetylcholinesterase · See more »
Action potential
In physiology, an action potential occurs when the membrane potential of a specific axon location rapidly rises and falls: this depolarisation then causes adjacent locations to similarly depolarise.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Action potential · See more »
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a complex organic chemical that participates in many processes.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Adenosine triphosphate · See more »
Adult
Biologically, an adult is a human or other organism that has reached sexual maturity.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Adult · See more »
Algal bloom
An algal bloom is a rapid increase or accumulation in the population of algae in freshwater or marine water systems, and is recognized by the discoloration in the water from their pigments.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Algal bloom · See more »
Alkaloid
Alkaloids are a class of naturally occurring chemical compounds that mostly contain basic nitrogen atoms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Alkaloid · See more »
Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor
The alpha-7 nicotinic receptor, also known as the α7 receptor, is a type of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor implicated in long term memory, consisting entirely of α7 subunits.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Alpha-7 nicotinic receptor · See more »
Aluminium
Aluminium or aluminum is a chemical element with symbol Al and atomic number 13.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Aluminium · See more »
Alzheimer's disease
Alzheimer's disease (AD), also referred to simply as Alzheimer's, is a chronic neurodegenerative disease that usually starts slowly and worsens over time.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Alzheimer's disease · See more »
Amine
In organic chemistry, amines are compounds and functional groups that contain a basic nitrogen atom with a lone pair.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Amine · See more »
Amino acid
Amino acids are organic compounds containing amine (-NH2) and carboxyl (-COOH) functional groups, along with a side chain (R group) specific to each amino acid.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Amino acid · See more »
Ammonia
Ammonia is a compound of nitrogen and hydrogen with the formula NH3.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ammonia · See more »
AMPA receptor
The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (also known as AMPA receptor, AMPAR, or quisqualate receptor) is an ionotropic transmembrane receptor for glutamate that mediates fast synaptic transmission in the central nervous system (CNS).
New!!: Neurotoxin and AMPA receptor · See more »
Anatoxin-a
Anatoxin-a, also known as Very Fast Death Factor (VFDF), is a secondary, bicyclic amine alkaloid and cyanotoxin with acute neurotoxicity.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Anatoxin-a · See more »
Anesthesiologist
An anesthesiologist is a physician trained in anesthesia and perioperative medicine.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Anesthesiologist · See more »
Antagonist
An antagonist is a character, group of characters, institution or concept that stands in or represents opposition against which the protagonist(s) must contend.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Antagonist · See more »
Antioxidant
Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Antioxidant · See more »
Antitoxin
An antitoxin is an antibody with the ability to neutralize a specific toxin.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Antitoxin · See more »
Apoptosis
Apoptosis (from Ancient Greek ἀπόπτωσις "falling off") is a process of programmed cell death that occurs in multicellular organisms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Apoptosis · See more »
Arrow
An arrow is a fin-stabilized projectile that is launched via a bow, and usually consists of a long straight stiff shaft with stabilizers called fletchings, as well as a weighty (and usually sharp and pointed) arrowhead attached to the front end, and a slot at the rear end called nock for engaging bowstring.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Arrow · See more »
Arsenic
Arsenic is a chemical element with symbol As and atomic number 33.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Arsenic · See more »
Arsenite
In chemistry, an arsenite is a chemical compound containing an arsenic oxoanion where arsenic has oxidation state +3.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Arsenite · See more »
Asphyxia
Asphyxia or asphyxiation is a condition of severely deficient supply of oxygen to the body that arises from abnormal breathing.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Asphyxia · See more »
Astrocyte
Astrocytes (Astro from Greek astron.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Astrocyte · See more »
ATPase
ATPases (adenylpyrophosphatase, ATP monophosphatase, triphosphatase, SV40 T-antigen, adenosine 5'-triphosphatase, ATP hydrolase, complex V (mitochondrial electron transport), (Ca2+ + Mg2+)-ATPase, HCO3−-ATPase, adenosine triphosphatase) are a class of enzymes that catalyze the decomposition of ATP into ADP and a free phosphate ion.
New!!: Neurotoxin and ATPase · See more »
Atropine
Atropine is a medication to treat certain types of nerve agent and pesticide poisonings as well as some types of slow heart rate and to decrease saliva production during surgery.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Atropine · See more »
Axon
An axon (from Greek ἄξων áxōn, axis) or nerve fiber, is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses known as action potentials, away from the nerve cell body.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Axon · See more »
Banded krait
The banded krait (Bungarus fasciatus) is a species of elapid snake found on the Indian Subcontinent and in Southeast Asia.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Banded krait · See more »
Biochemical Pharmacology (journal)
Biochemical Pharmacology is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Elsevier.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Biochemical Pharmacology (journal) · See more »
Blood
Blood is a body fluid in humans and other animals that delivers necessary substances such as nutrients and oxygen to the cells and transports metabolic waste products away from those same cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Blood · See more »
Blood–brain barrier
The blood–brain barrier (BBB) is a highly selective semipermeable membrane barrier that separates the circulating blood from the brain and extracellular fluid in the central nervous system (CNS).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Blood–brain barrier · See more »
Botulinum toxin
Botulinum toxin (BTX) or Botox is a neurotoxic protein produced by the bacterium Clostridium botulinum and related species.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Botulinum toxin · See more »
Brain
The brain is an organ that serves as the center of the nervous system in all vertebrate and most invertebrate animals.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Brain · See more »
Bungarotoxin
Bungarotoxins are a group of closely related neurotoxic proteins of the three-finger toxin superfamily found in the venom of kraits including Bungarus multicinctus.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Bungarotoxin · See more »
Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Calcium · See more »
Cangitoxin
Cangitoxin, also known as CGTX or CGX, is a toxin purified from the venom of the sea anemone Bunodosoma cangicum, which most likely acts by prolonging the inactivation of voltage-gated sodium channels (NaV channels).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cangitoxin · See more »
Capillary
A capillary is a small blood vessel from 5 to 10 micrometres (µm) in diameter, and having a wall one endothelial cell thick.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Capillary · See more »
Capsaicin
Capsaicin ((INN); 8-methyl-N-vanillyl-6-nonenamide) is an active component of chili peppers, which are plants belonging to the genus Capsicum.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Capsaicin · See more »
Carambola
Carambola, or starfruit, is the fruit of Averrhoa carambola, a species of tree native to Indonesia, the Philippines, Malaysia, Vietnam, Nepal, India, Bangladesh, Sri Lanka, Mauritius, and Seychelles.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Carambola · See more »
Caramboxin
Caramboxin (CBX) is a toxin found in star fruit (Averrhoa carambola)). Individuals with some types of kidney disease are susceptible to adverse neurological effects including intoxication, seizures and even death after eating star fruit. Caramboxin has been identified as the neurotoxin responsible for these effects. Caramboxin is a non-proteinogenic amino acid that stimulates the glutamate receptors in neurons. Its chemical structure is similar to the amino acid phenylalanine. Caramboxin is an agonist of both NMDA and AMPA glutamatergic ionotropic receptors with potent excitatory, convulsant, and neurodegenerative properties.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Caramboxin · See more »
Carnitine
Carnitine (β-hydroxy-γ-N-trimethylaminobutyric acid, 3-hydroxy-4-N,N,N- trimethylaminobutyrate) is a quaternary ammonium compound involved in metabolism in most mammals, plants and some bacteria. Carnitine may exist in two isomers, labeled D-carnitine and L-carnitine, as they are optically active. At room temperature, pure carnitine is a white powder, and a water-soluble zwitterion with low toxicity. Carnitine only exists in animals as the L-enantiomer, and D-carnitine is toxic because it inhibits the activity of L-carnitine. Carnitine, derived from an amino acid, is found in nearly all organisms and animal tissue. Carnitine is the generic expression for a number of compounds that include L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and propionyl-L-carnitine. It is most accumulated in cardiac and skeletal muscles as it accounts for 0.1% of its dry matter. It was first derived from meat extracts in 1905, therefore the name carnitine is derived from Latin "carnus" or flesh. The body synthesizes enough carnitine from lysine side chains to keep up with the needs of energy production in the body as carnitine acts as a transporter of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria to be oxidized and produce energy. Some individuals with genetic or medical disorders (like preterm infants) cannot make enough, so this makes carnitine a conditionally essential nutrient for them.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Carnitine · See more »
Caspase
Caspases (cysteine-aspartic proteases, cysteine aspartases or cysteine-dependent aspartate-directed proteases) are a family of protease enzymes playing essential roles in programmed cell death (including apoptosis, pyroptosis and necroptosis) and inflammation.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Caspase · See more »
Catalase
Catalase is a common enzyme found in nearly all living organisms exposed to oxygen (such as bacteria, plants, and animals).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Catalase · See more »
Cell (biology)
The cell (from Latin cella, meaning "small room") is the basic structural, functional, and biological unit of all known living organisms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cell (biology) · See more »
Cell membrane
The cell membrane (also known as the plasma membrane or cytoplasmic membrane, and historically referred to as the plasmalemma) is a biological membrane that separates the interior of all cells from the outside environment (the extracellular space).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cell membrane · See more »
Cellular respiration
Cellular respiration is a set of metabolic reactions and processes that take place in the cells of organisms to convert biochemical energy from nutrients into adenosine triphosphate (ATP), and then release waste products.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cellular respiration · See more »
Central nervous system
The central nervous system (CNS) is the part of the nervous system consisting of the brain and spinal cord.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Central nervous system · See more »
Cerebellum
The cerebellum (Latin for "little brain") is a major feature of the hindbrain of all vertebrates.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cerebellum · See more »
Cerebral edema
Cerebral edema is excess accumulation of fluid in the intracellular or extracellular spaces of the brain.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cerebral edema · See more »
Cerebrospinal fluid
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cerebrospinal fluid · See more »
CGMP-dependent protein kinase
cGMP-dependent protein kinase or Protein Kinase G (PKG) is a serine/threonine-specific protein kinase that is activated by cGMP.
New!!: Neurotoxin and CGMP-dependent protein kinase · See more »
Chemical synapse
Chemical synapses are biological junctions through which neurons' signals can be exchanged to each other and to non-neuronal cells such as those in muscles or glands.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Chemical synapse · See more »
Child
Biologically, a child (plural: children) is a human being between the stages of birth and puberty.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Child · See more »
Chili pepper
The chili pepper (also chile pepper, chilli pepper, or simply chilli) from Nahuatl chīlli) is the fruit of plants from the genus Capsicum, members of the nightshade family, Solanaceae. They are widely used in many cuisines to add spiciness to dishes. The substances that give chili peppers their intensity when ingested or applied topically are capsaicin and related compounds known as capsaicinoids. Chili peppers originated in Mexico. After the Columbian Exchange, many cultivars of chili pepper spread across the world, used for both food and traditional medicine. Worldwide in 2014, 32.3 million tonnes of green chili peppers and 3.8 million tonnes of dried chili peppers were produced. China is the world's largest producer of green chillies, providing half of the global total.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Chili pepper · See more »
Chloride channel
Chloride channels are a superfamily of poorly understood ion channels specific for chloride.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Chloride channel · See more »
Chlorotoxin
Chlorotoxin is a 36-amino acid peptide found in the venom of the deathstalker scorpion (Leiurus quinquestriatus) which blocks small-conductance chloride channels.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Chlorotoxin · See more »
Cholesterol
Cholesterol (from the Ancient Greek chole- (bile) and stereos (solid), followed by the chemical suffix -ol for an alcohol) is an organic molecule.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cholesterol · See more »
Cholinergic
In general, the word choline refers to the various quaternary ammonium salts containing the ''N'',''N'',''N''-trimethylethanolammonium cation.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cholinergic · See more »
Cholinesterase
In biochemistry, a cholinesterase or choline esterase is an esterase that lyses choline-based esters, several of which serve as neurotransmitters.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cholinesterase · See more »
Choroid plexus
The choroid plexus is a plexus of cells that produces the cerebrospinal fluid in the ventricles of the brain.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Choroid plexus · See more »
Circulatory system
The circulatory system, also called the cardiovascular system or the vascular system, is an organ system that permits blood to circulate and transport nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), oxygen, carbon dioxide, hormones, and blood cells to and from the cells in the body to provide nourishment and help in fighting diseases, stabilize temperature and pH, and maintain homeostasis.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Circulatory system · See more »
Cirrhosis
Cirrhosis is a condition in which the liver does not function properly due to long-term damage.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cirrhosis · See more »
Clostridium botulinum
Clostridium botulinum is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, anaerobic, spore-forming, motile bacterium with the ability to produce the neurotoxin botulinum.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Clostridium botulinum · See more »
Clostridium tetani
Clostridium tetani is a rod-shaped, anaerobic species of pathogenic bacteria, of the genus Clostridium.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Clostridium tetani · See more »
Coninae
Coninae, or as it is more recently (February 2015) represented as a family, Conidae, common names the cone snails, cone shells or cones, is a taxonomic group of small to large predatory sea snails with cone-shaped shells, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Conoidea.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Coninae · See more »
Conotoxin
A conotoxin is one of a group of neurotoxic peptides isolated from the venom of the marine cone snail, genus Conus.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Conotoxin · See more »
Craniofacial
Craniofacial (cranio- combining form meaning head or skull + -facial combining form referring to the facial structures grossly) is an adjective referring to the parts of the head enclosing the brain and the face.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Craniofacial · See more »
Curare
Curare or is a common name for various plant extract alkaloid arrow poisons originating from Central and South America.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Curare · See more »
Cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria, also known as Cyanophyta, are a phylum of bacteria that obtain their energy through photosynthesis, and are the only photosynthetic prokaryotes able to produce oxygen.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cyanobacteria · See more »
Cyanotoxin
Cyanotoxins are toxins produced by bacteria called cyanobacteria (also known as blue-green algae).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cyanotoxin · See more »
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate
Cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) is a cyclic nucleotide derived from guanosine triphosphate (GTP).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cyclic guanosine monophosphate · See more »
Cytoskeleton
A cytoskeleton is present in all cells of all domains of life (archaea, bacteria, eukaryotes).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cytoskeleton · See more »
Cytotoxicity
Cytotoxicity is the quality of being toxic to cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Cytotoxicity · See more »
Dart (missile)
Darts are missile weapons, designed to fly such that a sharp, often weighted point will strike first.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Dart (missile) · See more »
DDT
Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, commonly known as DDT, is a colorless, tasteless, and almost odorless crystalline chemical compound, an organochlorine, originally developed as an insecticide, and ultimately becoming infamous for its environmental impacts.
New!!: Neurotoxin and DDT · See more »
Death
Death is the cessation of all biological functions that sustain a living organism.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Death · See more »
Dementia
Dementia is a broad category of brain diseases that cause a long-term and often gradual decrease in the ability to think and remember that is great enough to affect a person's daily functioning.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Dementia · See more »
Depolarization
In biology, depolarization is a change within a cell, during which the cell undergoes a shift in electric charge distribution, resulting in less negative charge inside the cell.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Depolarization · See more »
Development of the nervous system
Development of the nervous system refers to the processes that generate, shape, and reshape the nervous system of animals, from the earliest stages of embryogenesis to adulthood.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Development of the nervous system · See more »
Developmental biology
Developmental biology is the study of the process by which animals and plants grow and develop.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Developmental biology · See more »
Diet (nutrition)
In nutrition, diet is the sum of food consumed by a person or other organism.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Diet (nutrition) · See more »
Diethylmercury
Diethylmercury is a flammable, colorless liquid, and one of the strongest known neurotoxins.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Diethylmercury · See more »
Dimethylmercury
Dimethylmercury ((CH3)2Hg) is an organomercury compound.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Dimethylmercury · See more »
Dopamine
Dopamine (DA, a contraction of 3,4-dihydroxyphenethylamine) is an organic chemical of the catecholamine and phenethylamine families that plays several important roles in the brain and body.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Dopamine · See more »
Dystonia
Dystonia is a neurological movement disorder syndrome in which sustained or repetitive muscle contractions result in twisting and repetitive movements or abnormal fixed postures.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Dystonia · See more »
Electron transport chain
An electron transport chain (ETC) is a series of complexes that transfer electrons from electron donors to electron acceptors via redox (both reduction and oxidation occurring simultaneously) reactions, and couples this electron transfer with the transfer of protons (H+ ions) across a membrane.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Electron transport chain · See more »
Endocytosis
Endocytosis is a form of bulk transport in which a cell transports molecules (such as proteins) into the cell (endo- + cytosis) by engulfing them in an energy-using process.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Endocytosis · See more »
Endogeny (biology)
Endogenous substances and processes are those that originate from within an organism, tissue, or cell.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Endogeny (biology) · See more »
Ependyma
Ependyma is the thin neuroepithelial lining of the ventricular system of the brain and the central canal of the spinal cord, made up of ependymal cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ependyma · See more »
Epilepsy
Epilepsy is a group of neurological disorders characterized by epileptic seizures.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Epilepsy · See more »
Ethanol
Ethanol, also called alcohol, ethyl alcohol, grain alcohol, and drinking alcohol, is a chemical compound, a simple alcohol with the chemical formula.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ethanol · See more »
Excitotoxicity
Excitotoxicity is the pathological process by which nerve cells are damaged or killed by excessive stimulation by neurotransmitters such as glutamate and similar substances.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Excitotoxicity · See more »
Exogeny
In a variety of contexts, exogeny or exogeneity is the fact of an action or object originating externally.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Exogeny · See more »
Fasciculation
A fasciculation, or muscle twitch, is a small, local, involuntary muscle contraction and relaxation which may be visible under the skin.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Fasciculation · See more »
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder
Fetal alcohol spectrum disorders (FASDs) are a group of conditions that can occur in a person whose mother drank alcohol during pregnancy.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder · See more »
Fetus
A fetus is a stage in the prenatal development of viviparous organisms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Fetus · See more »
Gastrointestinal tract
The gastrointestinal tract (digestive tract, digestional tract, GI tract, GIT, gut, or alimentary canal) is an organ system within humans and other animals which takes in food, digests it to extract and absorb energy and nutrients, and expels the remaining waste as feces.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Gastrointestinal tract · See more »
Glioma
A glioma is a type of tumor that starts in the glial cells of the brain or the spine.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Glioma · See more »
Glutamic acid
Glutamic acid (symbol Glu or E) is an α-amino acid with formula.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Glutamic acid · See more »
Glutaminase
Glutaminase (glutaminase I, L-glutaminase, glutamine aminohydrolase) is an amidohydrolase enzyme that generates glutamate from glutamine.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Glutaminase · See more »
Glutamine
Glutamine (symbol Gln or Q) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Glutamine · See more »
Gonad
A gonad or sex gland or reproductive gland is a mixed gland that produces the gametes (sex cells) and sex hormones of an organism.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Gonad · See more »
Grey matter
Grey matter (or gray matter) is a major component of the central nervous system, consisting of neuronal cell bodies, neuropil (dendrites and myelinated as well as unmyelinated axons), glial cells (astrocytes and oligodendrocytes), synapses, and capillaries.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Grey matter · See more »
Heavy metals
Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Heavy metals · See more »
Hepatic encephalopathy
Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is an altered level of consciousness as a result of liver failure.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Hepatic encephalopathy · See more »
Hexane
Hexane is an alkane of six carbon atoms, with the chemical formula C6H14.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Hexane · See more »
Hippocampus
The hippocampus (named after its resemblance to the seahorse, from the Greek ἱππόκαμπος, "seahorse" from ἵππος hippos, "horse" and κάμπος kampos, "sea monster") is a major component of the brains of humans and other vertebrates.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Hippocampus · See more »
Hodgkin–Huxley model
The Hodgkin–Huxley model, or conductance-based model, is a mathematical model that describes how action potentials in neurons are initiated and propagated.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Hodgkin–Huxley model · See more »
Homeostasis
Homeostasis is the tendency of organisms to auto-regulate and maintain their internal environment in a stable state.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Homeostasis · See more »
Human
Humans (taxonomically Homo sapiens) are the only extant members of the subtribe Hominina.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Human · See more »
Human skeleton
The human skeleton is the internal framework of the body.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Human skeleton · See more »
Huntington's disease
Huntington's disease (HD), also known as Huntington's chorea, is an inherited disorder that results in death of brain cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Huntington's disease · See more »
Hydrophile
A hydrophile is a molecule or other molecular entity that is attracted to water molecules and tends to be dissolved by water.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Hydrophile · See more »
Hydrophobe
In chemistry, hydrophobicity is the physical property of a molecule (known as a hydrophobe) that is seemingly repelled from a mass of water.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Hydrophobe · See more »
In vitro
In vitro (meaning: in the glass) studies are performed with microorganisms, cells, or biological molecules outside their normal biological context.
New!!: Neurotoxin and In vitro · See more »
In vivo
Studies that are in vivo (Latin for "within the living"; often not italicized in English) are those in which the effects of various biological entities are tested on whole, living organisms or cells, usually animals, including humans, and plants, as opposed to a tissue extract or dead organism.
New!!: Neurotoxin and In vivo · See more »
Indigenous peoples of the Americas
The indigenous peoples of the Americas are the pre-Columbian peoples of the Americas and their descendants. Although some indigenous peoples of the Americas were traditionally hunter-gatherers—and many, especially in the Amazon basin, still are—many groups practiced aquaculture and agriculture. The impact of their agricultural endowment to the world is a testament to their time and work in reshaping and cultivating the flora indigenous to the Americas. Although some societies depended heavily on agriculture, others practiced a mix of farming, hunting and gathering. In some regions the indigenous peoples created monumental architecture, large-scale organized cities, chiefdoms, states and empires. Many parts of the Americas are still populated by indigenous peoples; some countries have sizable populations, especially Belize, Bolivia, Canada, Chile, Ecuador, Greenland, Guatemala, Guyana, Mexico, Panama and Peru. At least a thousand different indigenous languages are spoken in the Americas. Some, such as the Quechuan languages, Aymara, Guaraní, Mayan languages and Nahuatl, count their speakers in millions. Many also maintain aspects of indigenous cultural practices to varying degrees, including religion, social organization and subsistence practices. Like most cultures, over time, cultures specific to many indigenous peoples have evolved to incorporate traditional aspects but also cater to modern needs. Some indigenous peoples still live in relative isolation from Western culture, and a few are still counted as uncontacted peoples.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Indigenous peoples of the Americas · See more »
Infant
An infant (from the Latin word infans, meaning "unable to speak" or "speechless") is the more formal or specialised synonym for "baby", the very young offspring of a human.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Infant · See more »
Inflammation
Inflammation (from inflammatio) is part of the complex biological response of body tissues to harmful stimuli, such as pathogens, damaged cells, or irritants, and is a protective response involving immune cells, blood vessels, and molecular mediators.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Inflammation · See more »
Ingestion
Ingestion is the consumption of a substance by an organism.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ingestion · See more »
Inositol trisphosphate
Inositol trisphosphate or inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (also commonly known as triphosphoinositol; abbreviated InsP3 or Ins3P or IP3), together with diacylglycerol (DAG), is a secondary messenger molecule used in signal transduction and lipid signaling in biological cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Inositol trisphosphate · See more »
Insult (medical)
In medical terms, an insult is the cause of some kind of physical or mental injury.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Insult (medical) · See more »
Intellectual disability
Intellectual disability (ID), also known as general learning disability, and mental retardation (MR), is a generalized neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by significantly impaired intellectual and adaptive functioning.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Intellectual disability · See more »
Intracellular
In cell biology, molecular biology and related fields, the word intracellular means "inside the cell".
New!!: Neurotoxin and Intracellular · See more »
Intraperitoneal injection
Intraperitoneal injection or IP injection is the injection of a substance into the peritoneum (body cavity).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Intraperitoneal injection · See more »
Ion
An ion is an atom or molecule that has a non-zero net electrical charge (its total number of electrons is not equal to its total number of protons).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ion · See more »
Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ion channel · See more »
Ischemia
Ischemia or ischaemia is a restriction in blood supply to tissues, causing a shortage of oxygen that is needed for cellular metabolism (to keep tissue alive).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ischemia · See more »
Isotopic labeling
Isotopic labeling (or isotopic labelling) is a technique used to track the passage of an isotope (an atom with a detectable variation) through a reaction, metabolic pathway, or cell.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Isotopic labeling · See more »
Japan
Japan (日本; Nippon or Nihon; formally 日本国 or Nihon-koku, lit. "State of Japan") is a sovereign island country in East Asia.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Japan · See more »
JWH-018
JWH-018 (1-pentyl-3-(1-naphthoyl)indole) or AM-678 is an analgesic chemical from the naphthoylindole family that acts as a full agonist at both the CB1 and CB2 cannabinoid receptors, with some selectivity for CB2.
New!!: Neurotoxin and JWH-018 · See more »
Kidney failure
Kidney failure, also known as end-stage kidney disease, is a medical condition in which the kidneys no longer work.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Kidney failure · See more »
Lead
Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Lead · See more »
Limb (anatomy)
A limb (from the Old English lim), or extremity, is a jointed, or prehensile (as octopus arms or new world monkey tails), appendage of the human or other animal body.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Limb (anatomy) · See more »
Lipid
In biology and biochemistry, a lipid is a biomolecule that is soluble in nonpolar solvents.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Lipid · See more »
Lipid bilayer
The lipid bilayer (or phospholipid bilayer) is a thin polar membrane made of two layers of lipid molecules.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Lipid bilayer · See more »
Lithium
Lithium (from lit) is a chemical element with symbol Li and atomic number 3.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Lithium · See more »
Liver
The liver, an organ only found in vertebrates, detoxifies various metabolites, synthesizes proteins, and produces biochemicals necessary for digestion.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Liver · See more »
Liver failure
Liver failure or hepatic insufficiency is the inability of the liver to perform its normal synthetic and metabolic function as part of normal physiology.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Liver failure · See more »
Long-term potentiation
In neuroscience, long-term potentiation (LTP) is a persistent strengthening of synapses based on recent patterns of activity.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Long-term potentiation · See more »
Manganese
Manganese is a chemical element with symbol Mn and atomic number 25.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Manganese · See more »
Medical ventilator
A medical ventilator (or simply ventilator in context) is a mechanical ventilator, a machine designed to move breathable air into and out of the lungs, to provide breathing for a patient who is physically unable to breathe, or breathing insufficiently.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Medical ventilator · See more »
Memory
Memory is the faculty of the mind by which information is encoded, stored, and retrieved.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Memory · See more »
Mercury (element)
Mercury is a chemical element with symbol Hg and atomic number 80.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Mercury (element) · See more »
Mesolimbic pathway
The mesolimbic pathway, sometimes referred to as the reward pathway, is a dopaminergic pathway in the brain.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Mesolimbic pathway · See more »
Metabolism
Metabolism (from μεταβολή metabolē, "change") is the set of life-sustaining chemical transformations within the cells of organisms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Metabolism · See more »
Metabolite
A metabolite is the intermediate end product of metabolism.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Metabolite · See more »
Metal
A metal (from Greek μέταλλον métallon, "mine, quarry, metal") is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard when in solid state, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Metal · See more »
Methylmercury
Methylmercury (sometimes methyl mercury) is an organometallic cation with the formula.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Methylmercury · See more »
Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Mining · See more »
Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Mitochondrion · See more »
Molidae
The Molidae comprise the family of the molas or ocean sunfishes, unusual fish whose bodies come to an end just behind the dorsal and anal fins, giving them a "half-fish" appearance.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Molidae · See more »
Morphogenesis
Morphogenesis (from the Greek morphê shape and genesis creation, literally, "beginning of the shape") is the biological process that causes an organism to develop its shape.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Morphogenesis · See more »
Motor coordination
Motor coordination is the combination of body movements created with the kinematic (such as spatial direction) and kinetic (force) parameters that result in intended actions.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Motor coordination · See more »
Motor neuron
A motor neuron (or motoneuron) is a neuron whose cell body is located in the motor cortex, brainstem or the spinal cord, and whose axon (fiber) projects to the spinal cord or outside of the spinal cord to directly or indirectly control effector organs, mainly muscles and glands.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Motor neuron · See more »
Mouth
In animal anatomy, the mouth, also known as the oral cavity, buccal cavity, or in Latin cavum oris, is the opening through which many animals take in food and issue vocal sounds.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Mouth · See more »
MPP+
MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) is a positively charged organic molecule with the chemical formula C12H12N+.
New!!: Neurotoxin and MPP+ · See more »
MPTP
MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) is a prodrug to the neurotoxin MPP+, which causes permanent symptoms of Parkinson's disease by destroying dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the brain.
New!!: Neurotoxin and MPTP · See more »
Muscle
Muscle is a soft tissue found in most animals.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Muscle · See more »
Muscle atrophy
Muscle atrophy is defined as a decrease in the mass of the muscle; it can be a partial or complete wasting away of muscle, and is most commonly experienced when persons suffer temporary disabling circumstances such as being restricted in movement and/or confined to bed as when hospitalized.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Muscle atrophy · See more »
Muscle contraction
Muscle contraction is the activation of tension-generating sites within muscle fibers.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Muscle contraction · See more »
Muscular system
The muscular system is an organ system consisting of skeletal, smooth and cardiac muscles.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Muscular system · See more »
Myopathy
Myopathy is a disease of the muscle in which the muscle fibers do not function properly.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Myopathy · See more »
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating)
NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (also referred to as Type I NADH dehydrogenase and mitochondrial Complex I especially in humans) is an enzyme of the respiratory chains of myriad organisms from bacteria to humans.
New!!: Neurotoxin and NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase (H+-translocating) · See more »
Nausea
Nausea or queasiness is an unpleasant sense of unease, discomfort, and revulsion towards food.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Nausea · See more »
Neostigmine
Neostigmine, sold under the brand name Prostigmin among others, is a medication used to treat myasthenia gravis, Ogilvie syndrome, and urinary retention without the presence of a blockage.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neostigmine · See more »
Nervous system
The nervous system is the part of an animal that coordinates its actions by transmitting signals to and from different parts of its body.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Nervous system · See more »
Nervous tissue
Nervous tissue or nerve tissue is the main tissue component of the two parts of the nervous system; the brain and spinal cord of the central nervous system (CNS), and the branching peripheral nerves of the peripheral nervous system (PNS), which regulates and controls bodily functions and activity.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Nervous tissue · See more »
Neural tube
In the developing chordate (including vertebrates), the neural tube is the embryonic precursor to the central nervous system, which is made up of the brain and spinal cord.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neural tube · See more »
Neurite
A neurite or neuronal process refers to any projection from the cell body of a neuron.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neurite · See more »
Neurofilament
Neurofilaments (NF) are intermediate filaments found in the cytoplasm of neurons.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neurofilament · See more »
Neurogenesis
Neurogenesis is the process by which nervous system cells, known as neurons, are produced by neural stem cells (NSC)s, and it occurs in all species of animals except the porifera (sponges) and placozoans.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neurogenesis · See more »
Neuroglia
Neuroglia, also called glial cells or simply glia, are non-neuronal cells in the central nervous system (brain and spinal cord) and the peripheral nervous system.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neuroglia · See more »
Neurology
Neurology (from νεῦρον (neûron), "string, nerve" and the suffix -logia, "study of") is a branch of medicine dealing with disorders of the nervous system.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neurology · See more »
Neuromuscular junction
A neuromuscular junction (or myoneural junction) is a chemical synapse formed by the contact between a motor neuron and a muscle fiber.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neuromuscular junction · See more »
Neuron
A neuron, also known as a neurone (British spelling) and nerve cell, is an electrically excitable cell that receives, processes, and transmits information through electrical and chemical signals.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neuron · See more »
Neuroscience
Neuroscience (or neurobiology) is the scientific study of the nervous system.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neuroscience · See more »
Neuroscientist
A neuroscientist (or neurobiologist) is a scientist who has specialised knowledge in the field of neuroscience, the branch of biology that deals with the physiology, biochemistry, anatomy and molecular biology of neurons and neural circuits and especially their association with behaviour and learning.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neuroscientist · See more »
Neurotoxicity
Neurotoxicity is a form of toxicity in which a biological, chemical, or physical agent produces an adverse effect on the structure or function of the central and/or peripheral nervous system.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neurotoxicity · See more »
Neurotransmitter
Neurotransmitters are endogenous chemicals that enable neurotransmission.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Neurotransmitter · See more »
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor
Nicotinic acetylcholine receptors, or nAChRs, are receptor proteins that respond to the neurotransmitter acetylcholine.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor · See more »
Nitric oxide
Nitric oxide (nitrogen oxide or nitrogen monoxide) is a colorless gas with the formula NO.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Nitric oxide · See more »
NMDA receptor
The N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (also known as the NMDA receptor or NMDAR), is a glutamate receptor and ion channel protein found in nerve cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and NMDA receptor · See more »
Nociceptor
A nociceptor is a sensory neuron that responds to damaging or potentially damaging stimuli by sending “possible threat” signals to the spinal cord and the brain.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Nociceptor · See more »
Organophosphate
Organophosphates (also known as phosphate esters) are a class of organophosphorus compounds with the general structure O.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Organophosphate · See more »
Ovary
The ovary is an organ found in the female reproductive system that produces an ovum.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ovary · See more »
Oxidative phosphorylation
Oxidative phosphorylation (or OXPHOS in short) (UK, US) is the metabolic pathway in which cells use enzymes to oxidize nutrients, thereby releasing energy which is used to produce adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Oxidative phosphorylation · See more »
Oxidative stress
Oxidative stress reflects an imbalance between the systemic manifestation of reactive oxygen species and a biological system's ability to readily detoxify the reactive intermediates or to repair the resulting damage.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Oxidative stress · See more »
Paralysis
Paralysis is a loss of muscle function for one or more muscles.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Paralysis · See more »
Paresthesia
Paresthesia is an abnormal sensation such as tingling, tickling, pricking, numbness or burning of a person's skin with no apparent physical cause.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Paresthesia · See more »
Parkinson's disease
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a long-term degenerative disorder of the central nervous system that mainly affects the motor system.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Parkinson's disease · See more »
Parkinsonism
Parkinsonism is a clinical syndrome characterized by tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Parkinsonism · See more »
Pathology
Pathology (from the Ancient Greek roots of pathos (πάθος), meaning "experience" or "suffering" and -logia (-λογία), "study of") is a significant field in modern medical diagnosis and medical research, concerned mainly with the causal study of disease, whether caused by pathogens or non-infectious physiological disorder.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Pathology · See more »
Patient
A patient is any recipient of health care services.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Patient · See more »
Peripheral nervous system
The peripheral nervous system (PNS) is one of the two components of the nervous system, the other part is the central nervous system (CNS).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Peripheral nervous system · See more »
Peripheral neuropathy
Peripheral neuropathy (PN) is damage to or disease affecting nerves, which may impair sensation, movement, gland or organ function, or other aspects of health, depending on the type of nerve affected.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Peripheral neuropathy · See more »
Peroxidase
Peroxidases (EC number) are a large family of enzymes that typically catalyze a reaction of the form: For many of these enzymes the optimal substrate is hydrogen peroxide, but others are more active with organic hydroperoxides such as lipid peroxides.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Peroxidase · See more »
Physician
A physician, medical practitioner, medical doctor, or simply doctor is a professional who practises medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining, or restoring health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Physician · See more »
Plumbing
Plumbing is any system that conveys fluids for a wide range of applications.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Plumbing · See more »
Porcupinefish
Porcupinefish are fish belonging to the family Diodontidae (order Tetraodontiformes), also commonly called blowfish and, sometimes, balloonfish and globefish.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Porcupinefish · See more »
Potassium channel
Potassium channels are the most widely distributed type of ion channel and are found in virtually all living organisms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Potassium channel · See more »
Prognosis
Prognosis (Greek: πρόγνωσις "fore-knowing, foreseeing") is a medical term for predicting the likely or expected development of a disease, including whether the signs and symptoms will improve or worsen (and how quickly) or remain stable over time; expectations of quality of life, such as the ability to carry out daily activities; the potential for complications and associated health issues; and the likelihood of survival (including life expectancy).
New!!: Neurotoxin and Prognosis · See more »
Protein kinase C
Protein kinase C, commonly abbreviated to PKC (EC 2.7.11.13), is a family of protein kinase enzymes that are involved in controlling the function of other proteins through the phosphorylation of hydroxyl groups of serine and threonine amino acid residues on these proteins, or a member of this family.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Protein kinase C · See more »
Reactive oxygen species
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are chemically reactive chemical species containing oxygen.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Reactive oxygen species · See more »
Receptor (biochemistry)
In biochemistry and pharmacology, a receptor is a protein molecule that receives chemical signals from outside a cell.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Receptor (biochemistry) · See more »
Respiratory failure
Respiratory failure results from inadequate gas exchange by the respiratory system, meaning that the arterial oxygen, carbon dioxide or both cannot be kept at normal levels.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Respiratory failure · See more »
Roman Empire
The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Roman Empire · See more »
Sarin
Sarin, or NATO designation GB (G-series, 'B'), is a highly toxic synthetic organophosphorus compound.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Sarin · See more »
Saturated fat
A saturated fat is a type of fat in which the fatty acid chains have all or predominantly single bonds.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Saturated fat · See more »
Scientist
A scientist is a person engaging in a systematic activity to acquire knowledge that describes and predicts the natural world.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Scientist · See more »
Scorpion
Scorpions are predatory arachnids of the order Scorpiones.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Scorpion · See more »
Seafood
Seafood is any form of sea life regarded as food by humans.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Seafood · See more »
Skin
Skin is the soft outer tissue covering vertebrates.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Skin · See more »
Smelting
Smelting is a process of applying heat to ore in order to melt out a base metal.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Smelting · See more »
SNARE (protein)
SNARE proteins (an acronym derived from "SNAP (Soluble NSF(N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor) Attachment Protein) REceptor)" are a large protein complex consisting of at least 24 members in yeasts and more than 60 members in mammalian cells.
New!!: Neurotoxin and SNARE (protein) · See more »
Sodium channel
Sodium channels are integral membrane proteins that form ion channels, conducting sodium ions (Na+) through a cell's plasma membrane.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Sodium channel · See more »
Spasticity
Spasticity is a feature of altered skeletal muscle performance with a combination of paralysis, increased tendon reflex activity, and hypertonia.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Spasticity · See more »
Spinal cord
The spinal cord is a long, thin, tubular bundle of nervous tissue and support cells that extends from the medulla oblongata in the brainstem to the lumbar region of the vertebral column.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Spinal cord · See more »
Stroke
A stroke is a medical condition in which poor blood flow to the brain results in cell death.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Stroke · See more »
Substantia nigra
The substantia nigra (SN) is a basal ganglia structure located in the midbrain that plays an important role in reward and movement.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Substantia nigra · See more »
Surface runoff
Surface runoff (also known as overland flow) is the flow of water that occurs when excess stormwater, meltwater, or other sources flows over the Earth's surface.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Surface runoff · See more »
Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the other being the parasympathetic nervous system.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Sympathetic nervous system · See more »
Symptom
A symptom (from Greek σύμπτωμα, "accident, misfortune, that which befalls", from συμπίπτω, "I befall", from συν- "together, with" and πίπτω, "I fall") is a departure from normal function or feeling which is noticed by a patient, reflecting the presence of an unusual state, or of a disease.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Symptom · See more »
Synapse
In the nervous system, a synapse is a structure that permits a neuron (or nerve cell) to pass an electrical or chemical signal to another neuron or to the target efferent cell.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Synapse · See more »
Tetanospasmin
Tetanus toxin is an extremely potent neurotoxin produced by the vegetative cell of Clostridium tetani in anaerobic conditions, causing tetanus.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Tetanospasmin · See more »
Tetanus
Tetanus, also known as lockjaw, is an infection characterized by muscle spasms.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Tetanus · See more »
Tetraethylammonium
Tetraethylammonium (TEA), (NEt4+) or (Et4N+) is a quaternary ammonium cation consisting of four ethyl groups attached to a central nitrogen atom, and is positively charged.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Tetraethylammonium · See more »
Tetraodontidae
The Tetraodontidae are a family of primarily marine and estuarine fish of the order Tetraodontiformes.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Tetraodontidae · See more »
Tetrodotoxin
Tetrodotoxin (TTX) is a potent neurotoxin.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Tetrodotoxin · See more »
Toxicology in Vitro
Toxicology in Vitro is a bimonthly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering in vitro toxicology.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Toxicology in Vitro · See more »
Toxicology Letters
Toxicology Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal for the rapid publication of short reports on all aspects of toxicology, especially mechanisms of toxicity.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Toxicology Letters · See more »
Toxin
A toxin (from toxikon) is a poisonous substance produced within living cells or organisms; synthetic toxicants created by artificial processes are thus excluded.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Toxin · See more »
TRPV1
The transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TrpV1), also known as the capsaicin receptor and the vanilloid receptor 1, is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the TRPV1 gene.
New!!: Neurotoxin and TRPV1 · See more »
United States Environmental Protection Agency
The Environmental Protection Agency is an independent agency of the United States federal government for environmental protection.
New!!: Neurotoxin and United States Environmental Protection Agency · See more »
Venom
Venomous Animals Venom is a form of toxin secreted by an animal for the purpose of causing harm to another.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Venom · See more »
Ventricular system
The ventricular system is a set of four interconnected cavities (ventricles) in the brain, where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Ventricular system · See more »
Vesicle (biology and chemistry)
In cell biology, a vesicle is a small structure within a cell, or extracellular, consisting of fluid enclosed by a lipid bilayer.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Vesicle (biology and chemistry) · See more »
Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Vitamin E · See more »
Voltage-gated potassium channel
Voltage-gated potassium channels (VGKCs) are transmembrane channels specific for potassium and sensitive to voltage changes in the cell's membrane potential.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Voltage-gated potassium channel · See more »
Vomiting
Vomiting, also known as emesis, puking, barfing, throwing up, among other terms, is the involuntary, forceful expulsion of the contents of one's stomach through the mouth and sometimes the nose.
New!!: Neurotoxin and Vomiting · See more »
25I-NBOMe
25I-NBOMe (2C-I-NBOMe, Cimbi-5, also shortened to "25I") is a psychedelic hallucinogen that is used in biochemistry research for mapping the brains usage of the type 2A serotonin receptor and later also has been used for recreational purpose.
New!!: Neurotoxin and 25I-NBOMe · See more »
Redirects here:
Cobra neurotoxins, Neuro-toxin, Neuro-toxins, Neurotoxic drug, Neurotoxic drugs, Neurotoxicologist, Neurotoxicologists, Neurotoxicology, Neurotoxins, Nuerotoxins.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Neurotoxin
