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201 relations: Affirmation and negation, Affricate consonant, Alberta, Algic languages, Algonquian languages, Algonquin language, Alphabet, Alveolar consonant, Animacy, Anishinaabe, Approximant consonant, Aspirated consonant, Back vowel, Basil H. Johnston, Bemidji State University, Bilabial consonant, British Columbia, Broken Oghibbeway, Bungi Creole, Canada, Canada 2006 Census, Canadian Aboriginal syllabics, Central Algonquian languages, Central Ojibwa language, Central vowel, Chippewa language, Chiwere language, Close vowel, Clusivity, Consonant, Contrast (linguistics), Contrastive distribution, Cree language, Creole language, David Treuer, Dependent clause, Desiderative mood, Dialect, Dialect continuum, Eastern Ojibwa language, English alphabet, Evidentiality, Exonym and endonym, First Nations, Fortis and lenis, Fox language, Frederic Baraga, French language, French orthography, Fresh Air, ..., Fricative consonant, Front vowel, George Copway, Georgian Bay, Glottal consonant, Glottal stop, Google Books, Grammatical gender, Grammatical number, Grammatical particle, Grammatical person, Grammatical tense, Great Lakes, Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics, Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission, Green Bay, Wisconsin, Gulf of Saint Lawrence, Head-marking language, Historical linguistics, Hudson Bay, Hymn, Iamb (poetry), Indian Removal Act, Indigenous languages of the Americas, Inflection, Inger, Minnesota, Inuit languages, IOS, IPad, IPhone, Iroquoian languages, James Evans (linguist), Jim Northrup (writer), Kansas, Lake Erie, Lake Huron, Lake Michigan, Lake Superior, Lake Winnipeg, Latin script, Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, Length (phonetics), Lingua franca, Linguistic modality, List of endangered languages in the United States, Lists of languages, Loanword, Locative case, Lower Peninsula of Michigan, Manitoba, Margaret Noodin, Markedness, Maude Kegg, Menominee language, Methodism, Metrical phonology, Miami-Illinois language, Michif, Michigan, Mid vowel, Minnesota, Mixed language, Montana, Morpheme, Morphological derivation, Morphology (linguistics), Nasal consonant, Nasal vowel, National Film Board of Canada, Navajo language, Near-close vowel, North Dakota, Northwestern Ojibwa, Noun, NPR, Obstruent, Ohio, Oji-Cree language, Ojibwe, Ojibwe dialects, Ojibwe grammar, Ojibwe phonology, Ojibwe writing systems, Oklahoma, On Being, Ontario, Open vowel, Ottawa dialect, Palatal approximant, Palatal consonant, Pawnee language, Peter Jones (missionary), Phoneme, Pitman shorthand, Plains Cree, Plural, Polysynthetic language, Possession (linguistics), Postalveolar consonant, Potawatomi language, Prefix, Prenoun, Preverb, Pronoun, Public Radio Exchange, Quebec, Red Lake Indian Reservation, Red Lake, Minnesota, Saskatchewan, Saulteaux, Schwa, Shawnee language, Siouan languages, Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas, Sprachbund, Stop consonant, Stress (linguistics), Suffix, Swampy Cree language, Syllabary, Syllable, Synthetic language, Transitivity (grammar), Turtle Island (North America), Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, Twin Cities PBS, Ultima (linguistics), Underlying representation, United States, University of Michigan, Upper Peninsula of Michigan, Velar consonant, Verb, Verb–object–subject, Verb–subject–object, Voice (phonetics), Voiced velar approximant, Vowel length, Wawatay Native Communications Society, Western Ojibwa language, White Earth Indian Reservation, Winnebago language, Wisconsin, Wisconsin Historical Society, Wiyot language, Word order, Word stem, Writing system, Wyandot language, Yurok language, 2000 United States Census. Expand index (151 more) »
Affirmation and negation
In linguistics and grammar, affirmation and negation (abbreviated respectively and) are the ways that grammar encode negative and positive polarity in verb phrases, clauses, or other utterances.
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Affricate consonant
An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal).
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Alberta
Alberta is a western province of Canada.
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Algic languages
The Algic (also Algonquian–Wiyot–Yurok or Algonquian–Ritwan) languages are an indigenous language family of North America.
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Algonquian languages
The Algonquian languages (or; also Algonkian) are a subfamily of Native American languages which includes most of the languages in the Algic language family.
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Algonquin language
Algonquin (also spelled Algonkin; in Algonquin: Anicinàbemowin or Anishinàbemiwin) is either a distinct Algonquian language closely related to the Ojibwe language or a particularly divergent Ojibwe dialect.
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Alphabet
An alphabet is a standard set of letters (basic written symbols or graphemes) that is used to write one or more languages based upon the general principle that the letters represent phonemes (basic significant sounds) of the spoken language.
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Alveolar consonant
Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth.
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Animacy
Animacy is a grammatical and semantic principle expressed in language based on how sentient or alive the referent of a noun is.
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Anishinaabe
Anishinaabe (or Anishinabe, plural: Anishinaabeg) is the autonym for a group of culturally related indigenous peoples in Canada and the United States that are the Odawa, Ojibwe (including Mississaugas), Potawatomi, Oji-Cree, and Algonquin peoples.
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Approximant consonant
Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.
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Aspirated consonant
In phonetics, aspiration is the strong burst of breath that accompanies either the release or, in the case of preaspiration, the closure of some obstruents.
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Back vowel
A back vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in spoken languages.
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Basil H. Johnston
Basil H. Johnston (13 July 1929 – 8 September 2015) was a Canadian writer, storyteller, language teacher and scholar.
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Bemidji State University
Bemidji State University (BSU) is a public state university in Bemidji, Minnesota, United States, located on the shores of Lake Bemidji.
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Bilabial consonant
In phonetics, a bilabial consonant is a consonant articulated with both lips.
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British Columbia
British Columbia (BC; Colombie-Britannique) is the westernmost province of Canada, located between the Pacific Ocean and the Rocky Mountains.
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Broken Oghibbeway
During the fur trade era, a pidgin form of Ojibwe known as Broken Oghibbeway was used as a trade language in the Wisconsin and Mississippi River valleys.
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Bungi Creole
No description.
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Canada
Canada is a country located in the northern part of North America.
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Canada 2006 Census
The Canada 2006 Census was a detailed enumeration of the Canadian population.
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Canadian Aboriginal syllabics
Canadian Aboriginal syllabic writing, or simply syllabics, is a family of abugidas (writing systems based on consonant-vowel pairs) used to write a number of indigenous Canadian languages of the Algonquian, Inuit, and (formerly) Athabaskan language families.
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Central Algonquian languages
The Central Algonquian languages are commonly grouped together as a subgroup of the larger Algonquian family, itself a member of the Algic family.
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Central Ojibwa language
Central Ojibwa (also known as Central Ojibwe, Ojibway, Ojibwe) is an Algonquian language spoken in Ontario, Canada from Lake Nipigon in the west to Lake Nipissing in the east.
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Central vowel
A central vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.
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Chippewa language
Chippewa (also known as Southwestern Ojibwa, Ojibwe, Ojibway, or Ojibwemowin) is an Algonquian language spoken from upper Michigan westward to North Dakota in the United States.
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Chiwere language
Chiwere (also called Iowa-Otoe-Missouria or Báxoje-Jíwere-Ñút’achi) is a Siouan language originally spoken by the Missouria, Otoe, and Iowa peoples, who originated in the Great Lakes region but later moved throughout the Midwest and plains.
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Close vowel
A close vowel, also known as a high vowel (in American terminology), is any in a class of vowel sound used in many spoken languages.
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Clusivity
In linguistics, clusivity is a grammatical distinction between inclusive and exclusive first-person pronouns and verbal morphology, also called inclusive "we" and exclusive "we".
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Consonant
In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.
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Contrast (linguistics)
In semantics, contrast is a relationship between two discourse segments.
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Contrastive distribution
Contrastive distribution in linguistics, as opposed to complementary distribution or free variation, is the relationship between two different elements in which both elements are found in the same environment with a change in meaning.
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Cree language
Cree (also known as Cree–Montagnais–Naskapi) is a dialect continuum of Algonquian languages spoken by approximately 117,000 people across Canada, from the Northwest Territories to Alberta to Labrador.
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Creole language
A creole language, or simply creole, is a stable natural language developed from a mixture of different languages at a fairly sudden point in time: often, a pidgin transitioned into a full, native language.
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David Treuer
David Treuer (born 1970) (Ojibwe) is an American writer, critic and academic.
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Dependent clause
A dependent clause is a clause that provides a sentence element with additional information, but which cannot stand alone as a sentence.
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Desiderative mood
In linguistics, a desiderative (abbreviated or) form is one that has the meaning of "wanting to X".
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Dialect
The term dialect (from Latin,, from the Ancient Greek word,, "discourse", from,, "through" and,, "I speak") is used in two distinct ways to refer to two different types of linguistic phenomena.
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Dialect continuum
A dialect continuum or dialect chain is a spread of language varieties spoken across some geographical area such that neighbouring varieties differ only slightly, but the differences accumulate over distance so that widely separated varieties are not mutually intelligible.
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Eastern Ojibwa language
Eastern Ojibwe (also known as Ojibway, Ojibwa) is a dialect of the Ojibwe language spoken north of Lake Ontario and east of Georgian Bay in Ontario, Canada.
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English alphabet
The modern English alphabet is a Latin alphabet consisting of 26 letters, each having an uppercase and a lowercase form: The same letters constitute the ISO basic Latin alphabet.
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Evidentiality
In linguistics, evidentiality is, broadly, the indication of the nature of evidence for a given statement; that is, whether evidence exists for the statement and if so what kind.
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Exonym and endonym
An exonym or xenonym is an external name for a geographical place, or a group of people, an individual person, or a language or dialect.
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First Nations
In Canada, the First Nations (Premières Nations) are the predominant indigenous peoples in Canada south of the Arctic Circle.
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Fortis and lenis
In linguistics, fortis and lenis (Latin for "strong" and "weak"), sometimes identified with '''tense''' and '''lax''', are pronunciations of consonants with relatively greater and lesser energy.
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Fox language
Fox (known by a variety of different names, including Mesquakie (Meskwaki), Mesquakie-Sauk, Mesquakie-Sauk-Kickapoo, Sauk-Fox, and Sac and Fox) is an Algonquian language, spoken by a thousand Meskwaki, Sauk, and Kickapoo in various locations in the Midwestern United States and in northern Mexico.
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Frederic Baraga
Irenaeus Frederic Baraga (June 29, 1797 – January 19, 1868; Irenej Friderik Baraga) was a Slovenian Roman Catholic missionary to the United States and a grammarian of Native American languages.
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French language
French (le français or la langue française) is a Romance language of the Indo-European family.
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French orthography
French orthography encompasses the spelling and punctuation of the French language.
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Fresh Air
Fresh Air is an American radio talk show broadcast on National Public Radio stations across the United States since 1985.
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Fricative consonant
Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.
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Front vowel
A front vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages, its defining characteristic being that the highest point of the tongue is positioned relatively in front in the mouth without creating a constriction that would make it a consonant.
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George Copway
George Copway (1818 – January 1869) was a Mississaugas Ojibwa writer, ethnographer, Methodist missionary, lecturer, and advocate of indigenous peoples.
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Georgian Bay
Georgian Bay (French: Baie Georgienne) is a large bay of Lake Huron, located entirely within Ontario, Canada.
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Glottal consonant
Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation.
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Glottal stop
The glottal stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis.
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Google Books
Google Books (previously known as Google Book Search and Google Print and by its codename Project Ocean) is a service from Google Inc. that searches the full text of books and magazines that Google has scanned, converted to text using optical character recognition (OCR), and stored in its digital database.
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Grammatical gender
In linguistics, grammatical gender is a specific form of noun class system in which the division of noun classes forms an agreement system with another aspect of the language, such as adjectives, articles, pronouns, or verbs.
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Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two", or "three or more").
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Grammatical particle
In grammar the term particle (abbreviated) has a traditional meaning, as a part of speech that cannot be inflected, and a modern meaning, as a function word associated with another word or phrase to impart meaning.
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Grammatical person
Grammatical person, in linguistics, is the grammatical distinction between deictic references to participant(s) in an event; typically the distinction is between the speaker (first person), the addressee (second person), and others (third person).
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Grammatical tense
In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference with reference to the moment of speaking.
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Great Lakes
The Great Lakes (les Grands-Lacs), also called the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Great Lakes of North America, are a series of interconnected freshwater lakes located primarily in the upper mid-east region of North America, on the Canada–United States border, which connect to the Atlantic Ocean through the Saint Lawrence River.
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Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics
Great Lakes Algonquian syllabics (or Great Lakes Aboriginal syllabics,Walker, Willard, 1996; Goddard, Ives, 1996 also referred to as "Western Great Lakes Syllabary" by Campbell) is a writing system for several Algonquian languages that emerged during the nineteenth century and whose existence was first noted in 1880.
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Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission
The Great Lakes Indian Fish & Wildlife Commission (GLIFWC) is an intertribal, co-management agency committed to the implementation of off-reservation treaty rights on behalf of its eleven-member Ojibwa tribes.
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Green Bay, Wisconsin
Green Bay is a city in and the county seat of Brown County in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, at the head of Green Bay, a sub-basin of Lake Michigan, at the mouth of the Fox River.
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Gulf of Saint Lawrence
The Gulf of Saint Lawrence (French: Golfe du Saint-Laurent) is the outlet of the North American Great Lakes via the Saint Lawrence River into the Atlantic Ocean.
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Head-marking language
A language is head-marking if the grammatical marks showing agreement between different words of a phrase tend to be placed on the heads (or nuclei) of phrases, rather than on the modifiers or dependents.
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Historical linguistics
Historical linguistics, also called diachronic linguistics, is the scientific study of language change over time.
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Hudson Bay
Hudson Bay (Inuktitut: Kangiqsualuk ilua, baie d'Hudson) (sometimes called Hudson's Bay, usually historically) is a large body of saltwater in northeastern Canada with a surface area of.
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Hymn
A hymn is a type of song, usually religious, specifically written for the purpose of adoration or prayer, and typically addressed to a deity or deities, or to a prominent figure or personification.
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Iamb (poetry)
An iamb or iambus is a metrical foot used in various types of poetry.
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Indian Removal Act
The Indian Removal Act was signed by President Andrew Jackson on May 28, 1830.
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Indigenous languages of the Americas
Indigenous languages of the Americas are spoken by indigenous peoples from Alaska and Greenland to the southern tip of South America, encompassing the land masses that constitute the Americas.
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Inflection
In grammar, inflection or inflexion – sometimes called accidence – is the modification of a word to express different grammatical categories such as tense, case, voice, aspect, person, number, gender, and mood.
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Inger, Minnesota
Inger is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Itasca County, Minnesota, United States, along the Bowstring River of the Leech Lake Indian Reservation.
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Inuit languages
The Inuit languages are a closely related group of indigenous American languages traditionally spoken across the North American Arctic and to some extent in the subarctic in Labrador.
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IOS
iOS (formerly iPhone OS) is a mobile operating system created and developed by Apple Inc. exclusively for its hardware.
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IPad
iPad is a line of tablet computers designed, developed and marketed by Apple Inc., which run the iOS mobile operating system.
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IPhone
iPhone is a line of smartphones designed and marketed by Apple Inc. The iPhone line of products use Apple's iOS mobile operating system software.
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Iroquoian languages
The Iroquoian languages are a language family of indigenous peoples of North America.
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James Evans (linguist)
James Evans (January 18, 1801 – November 23, 1846) was an English-Canadian Methodist missionary and amateur linguist.
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Jim Northrup (writer)
Jim Northrup (April 28, 1943 – August 1, 2016) was an Anishinaabe (Native American) newspaper columnist, poet, performer, and political commentator from the Fond du Lac Indian Reservation in Minnesota.
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Kansas
Kansas is a U.S. state in the Midwestern United States.
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Lake Erie
Lake Erie is the fourth-largest lake (by surface area) of the five Great Lakes in North America, and the eleventh-largest globally if measured in terms of surface area.
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Lake Huron
Lake Huron is one of the five Great Lakes of North America.
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Lake Michigan
Lake Michigan is one of the five Great Lakes of North America and the only one located entirely within the United States.
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Lake Superior
Lake Superior (Lac Supérieur; ᑭᑦᒉᐁ-ᑲᒣᐁ, Gitchi-Gami) is the largest of the Great Lakes of North America.
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Lake Winnipeg
Lake Winnipeg (Lac Winnipeg) is a very large, but relatively shallow lake in central North America, in the province of Manitoba, Canada.
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Latin script
Latin or Roman script is a set of graphic signs (script) based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, which is derived from a form of the Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet, used by the Etruscans.
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Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe
The Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe, also known as the Leech Lake Band of Chippewa Indians or the Leech Lake Band of Minnesota Chippewa Tribe, and as Gaa-zagaskwaajimekaag Ojibweg in the Ojibwe language, is an Ojibwe band located in Minnesota and one of six making up the Minnesota Chippewa Tribe.
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Length (phonetics)
In phonetics, length or quantity is a feature of sounds that have distinctively extended duration compared with other sounds.
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Lingua franca
A lingua franca, also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vernacular language, or link language is a language or dialect systematically used to make communication possible between people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages.
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Linguistic modality
In linguistics, modality is a feature of language that allows for communicating things about, or based on, situations which need not be actual.
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List of endangered languages in the United States
An endangered language is a language that it is at risk of falling out of use, generally because it has few surviving speakers.
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Lists of languages
This page lists published lists of languages.
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Loanword
A loanword (also loan word or loan-word) is a word adopted from one language (the donor language) and incorporated into another language without translation.
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Locative case
Locative (abbreviated) is a grammatical case which indicates a location.
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Lower Peninsula of Michigan
The Lower Peninsula of Michigan is the southern of the two major landmasses of the U.S. state of Michigan, the other being the Upper Peninsula.
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Manitoba
Manitoba is a province at the longitudinal centre of Canada.
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Margaret Noodin
Margaret Noodin (previously Margeret Noori, born 1965) is an American poet and Anishinaabemowin language teacher.
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Markedness
In linguistics and social sciences, markedness is the state of standing out as unusual or divergent in comparison to a more common or regular form.
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Maude Kegg
Maude Kegg (Ojibwa name Naawakamigookwe, meaning "Centered upon the Ground Woman"; 1904–1996) was an Ojibwa writer, folk artist, and cultural interpreter.
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Menominee language
Menominee (also spelled Menomini) is an Algonquian language spoken by the historic Menominee people of what is now northern Wisconsin in the United States.
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Methodism
Methodism or the Methodist movement is a group of historically related denominations of Protestant Christianity which derive their inspiration from the life and teachings of John Wesley, an Anglican minister in England.
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Metrical phonology
Metrical phonology is a theory of stress or linguistic prominence.
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Miami-Illinois language
Miami-Illinois (Myaamia) is an indigenous Algonquian language formerly spoken in the United States, primarily in Illinois, Missouri, Indiana, western Ohio and adjacent areas along the Mississippi River by the Miami and Wea as well as the tribes of the Illinois Confederation, including the Kaskaskia, Peoria, Tamaroa, Cahokia, and Mitchigamea.
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Michif
Michif (also Mitchif, Mechif, Michif-Cree, Métif, Métchif, French Cree) is the language of the Métis people of Canada and the United States, who are the descendants of First Nations women (mainly Cree, Nakota, and Ojibwe) and fur trade workers of European ancestry (mainly French and Scottish Canadians).
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Michigan
Michigan is a state in the Great Lakes and Midwestern regions of the United States.
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Mid vowel
A mid vowel (or a true-mid vowel) is any in a class of vowel sounds used in some spoken languages.
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Minnesota
Minnesota is a state in the Upper Midwest and northern regions of the United States.
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Mixed language
Although every language is mixed to some extent, by virtue of containing loanwords, it is a matter of controversy whether a term mixed language can meaningfully distinguish the contact phenomena of certain languages (such as those listed below) from the type of contact and borrowing seen in all languages.
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Montana
Montana is a state in the Northwestern United States.
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Morpheme
A morpheme is the smallest grammatical unit in a language.
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Morphological derivation
Morphological derivation, in linguistics, is the process of forming a new word from an existing word, often by adding a prefix or suffix, such as For example, happiness and unhappy derive from the root word happy.
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Morphology (linguistics)
In linguistics, morphology is the study of words, how they are formed, and their relationship to other words in the same language.
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Nasal consonant
In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.
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Nasal vowel
A nasal vowel is a vowel that is produced with a lowering of the velum so that air escapes both through the nose as well as the mouth, such as the French vowel.
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National Film Board of Canada
The National Film Board of Canada (or simply National Film Board or NFB) (French: Office national du film du Canada, or ONF) is Canada's public film and digital media producer and distributor.
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Navajo language
Navajo or Navaho (Navajo: Diné bizaad or Naabeehó bizaad) is a Southern Athabaskan language of the Na-Dené family, by which it is related to languages spoken across the western areas of North America.
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Near-close vowel
A near-close vowel or a near-high vowel is any in a class of vowel sound used in some spoken languages.
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North Dakota
North Dakota is a U.S. state in the midwestern and northern regions of the United States.
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Northwestern Ojibwa
Northwestern Ojibwe (also known as Northern Ojibwa, Ojibway, Ojibwe) is a dialect of the Ojibwe language, spoken in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada.
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Noun
A noun (from Latin nōmen, literally meaning "name") is a word that functions as the name of some specific thing or set of things, such as living creatures, objects, places, actions, qualities, states of existence, or ideas.
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NPR
National Public Radio (usually shortened to NPR, stylized as npr) is an American privately and publicly funded non-profit membership media organization based in Washington, D.C. It serves as a national syndicator to a network of over 1,000 public radio stations in the United States.
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Obstruent
An obstruent is a speech sound such as,, or that is formed by obstructing airflow.
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Ohio
Ohio is a Midwestern state in the Great Lakes region of the United States.
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Oji-Cree language
The Severn Ojibwa or the Oji-Cree language (ᐊᓂᐦᔑᓂᓃᒧᐏᐣ, Anishininiimowin; Unpointed: ᐊᓂᔑᓂᓂᒧᐏᐣ) is the indigenous name for a dialect of the Ojibwe language spoken in a series of Oji-Cree communities in northern Ontario and at Island Lake, Manitoba, Canada.
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Ojibwe
The Ojibwe, Ojibwa, or Chippewa are an Anishinaabeg group of Indigenous Peoples in North America, which is referred to by many of its Indigenous peoples as Turtle Island.
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Ojibwe dialects
The Ojibwe language is spoken in a series of dialects occupying adjacent territories, forming a language complex in which mutual intelligibility between adjacent dialects may be comparatively high but declines between some non-adjacent dialects.
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Ojibwe grammar
The Ojibwe language is an Algonquian American Indian language spoken throughout the Great Lakes region and westward onto the northern plains.
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Ojibwe phonology
The phonology of the Ojibwe language (also Ojibwa, Ojibway, or Chippewa, and most commonly referred to in the language as Anishinaabemowin) varies from dialect to dialect, but all varieties share common features.
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Ojibwe writing systems
Ojibwe is an indigenous language of North America from the Algonquian language family.
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Oklahoma
Oklahoma (Uukuhuúwa, Gahnawiyoˀgeh) is a state in the South Central region of the United States.
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On Being
On Being is a public radio conversation and podcast, a Webby Award-winning website, publisher and public event convener.
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Ontario
Ontario is one of the 13 provinces and territories of Canada and is located in east-central Canada.
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Open vowel
An open vowel is a vowel sound in which the tongue is positioned as far as possible from the roof of the mouth.
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Ottawa dialect
Ottawa (or Odawa) is a dialect of the Ojibwe language, spoken by the Ottawa people in southern Ontario in Canada, and northern Michigan in the United States.
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Palatal approximant
The voiced palatal approximant is a type of consonant used in many spoken languages.
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Palatal consonant
Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).
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Pawnee language
The Pawnee language is a Caddoan language spoken by some Pawnee Native Americans who now live in north-central Oklahoma.
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Peter Jones (missionary)
Peter Jones (January 1, 1802 – June 29, 1856) was an Ojibwa Methodist minister, translator, chief and author from Burlington Heights, Upper Canada.
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Phoneme
A phoneme is one of the units of sound (or gesture in the case of sign languages, see chereme) that distinguish one word from another in a particular language.
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Pitman shorthand
Pitman shorthand is a system of shorthand for the English language developed by Englishman Sir Isaac Pitman (1813–1897), who first presented it in 1837.
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Plains Cree
Plains Cree (native name: ᓀᐦᐃᔭᐍᐏᐣ nēhiyawēwin) is a dialect of the Algonquian language, Cree, which is the most populous Canadian indigenous language.
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Plural
The plural (sometimes abbreviated), in many languages, is one of the values of the grammatical category of number.
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Polysynthetic language
In linguistic typology, polysynthetic languages are highly synthetic languages, i.e. languages in which words are composed of many morphemes (word parts that have independent meaning but may or may not be able to stand alone).
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Possession (linguistics)
Possession, in the context of linguistics, is an asymmetric relationship between two constituents, the referent of one of which (the possessor) in some sense possesses (owns, has as a part, rules over, etc.) the referent of the other (the possessed).
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Postalveolar consonant
Postalveolar consonants (sometimes spelled post-alveolar) are consonants articulated with the tongue near or touching the back of the alveolar ridge, farther back in the mouth than the alveolar consonants, which are at the ridge itself but not as far back as the hard palate, the place of articulation for palatal consonants.
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Potawatomi language
Potawatomi (also spelled Pottawatomie; in Potawatomi Bodéwadmimwen, or Bodéwadmi Zheshmowen, or Neshnabémwen) is a Central Algonquian language.
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Prefix
A prefix is an affix which is placed before the stem of a word.
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Prenoun
Prenoun is the term for adjective-like prefixes that attach to nouns in Algonquian languages and Korean.
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Preverb
Although not widely accepted in linguistics, the term preverb is used in Caucasian (including all three families: Northwest Caucasian, Northeast Caucasian and Kartvelian), Caddoan, Athabaskan, and Algonquian linguistics to describe certain elements prefixed to verbs.
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Pronoun
In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun (abbreviated) is a word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase.
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Public Radio Exchange
The Public Radio Exchange (PRX) is a nonprofit web-based platform for digital distribution, review, and licensing of radio programs.
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Quebec
Quebec (Québec)According to the Canadian government, Québec (with the acute accent) is the official name in French and Quebec (without the accent) is the province's official name in English; the name is.
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Red Lake Indian Reservation
The Red Lake Indian Reservation (Miskwaagamiiwi-zaaga'igan) covers in parts of nine counties in northwestern Minnesota, United States.
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Red Lake, Minnesota
Red Lake is a census-designated place (CDP) within the Lower Red Lake unorganized territory located in Beltrami County, Minnesota, United States.
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Saskatchewan
Saskatchewan is a prairie and boreal province in western Canada, the only province without natural borders.
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Saulteaux
The Saulteaux (pronounced,; also written Salteaux and many other variants) are a First Nations band government in Ontario, Manitoba, Saskatchewan, Alberta and British Columbia, Canada.
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Schwa
In linguistics, specifically phonetics and phonology, schwa (rarely or; sometimes spelled shwa) is the mid central vowel sound (rounded or unrounded) in the middle of the vowel chart, denoted by the IPA symbol ə, or another vowel sound close to that position.
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Shawnee language
The Shawnee language is a Central Algonquian language spoken in parts of central and northeastern Oklahoma by the Shawnee people.
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Siouan languages
Siouan or Siouan–Catawban is a language family of North America that is located primarily in the Great Plains, Ohio and Mississippi valleys and southeastern North America with a few outlier languages in the east.
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Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas
The Society for the Study of the Indigenous Languages of the Americas (SSILA) is an international organization founded in 1981 devoted to the study of the indigenous languages of North, Central, and South America.
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Sprachbund
A sprachbund ("federation of languages") – also known as a linguistic area, area of linguistic convergence, diffusion area or language crossroads – is a group of languages that have common features resulting from geographical proximity and language contact.
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Stop consonant
In phonetics, a stop, also known as a plosive or oral occlusive, is a consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.
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Stress (linguistics)
In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word, or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence.
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Suffix
In linguistics, a suffix (sometimes termed postfix) is an affix which is placed after the stem of a word.
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Swampy Cree language
Swampy Cree (variously known as Maskekon, Omaškêkowak, and often anglicized as Omushkego) is a variety of the Algonquian language, Cree.
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Syllabary
A syllabary is a set of written symbols that represent the syllables or (more frequently) moras which make up words.
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Syllable
A syllable is a unit of organization for a sequence of speech sounds.
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Synthetic language
In linguistic typology, a synthetic language is a language with a high morpheme-per-word ratio, as opposed to a low morpheme-per-word ratio in what is described as an analytic language.
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Transitivity (grammar)
In linguistics, transitivity is a property of verbs that relates to whether a verb can take direct objects and how many such objects a verb can take.
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Turtle Island (North America)
Turtle Island is the name of North America according to some Indigenous groups.
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Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians
The Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians (Ojibwe language: Mikinaakwajiw-ininiwag) is a Native American tribe of Ojibwa and Métis peoples, based on the Turtle Mountain Indian Reservation in Belcourt, North Dakota.
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Twin Cities PBS
Twin Cities PBS (abbreviated TPT, from the name Twin Cities Public Television used until 2015) is a non-profit organization based in Saint Paul, Minnesota, United States, that operates the Twin Cities' two Public Broadcasting Service (PBS) member Public television stations, KTCA-TV (digital channel 34, PSIP channel 2.1) and KTCI-TV (digital channel 23, PSIP channel 2.3).
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Ultima (linguistics)
In linguistics, the ultima is the last syllable of a word, the penult is the next-to-last syllable, and the antepenult is third-from-last syllable.
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Underlying representation
In some models of phonology as well as morphophonology in the field of linguistics, the underlying representation (UR) or underlying form (UF) of a word or morpheme is the abstract form that a word or morpheme is postulated to have before any phonological rules have applied to it.
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United States
The United States of America (USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S.) or America, is a federal republic composed of 50 states, a federal district, five major self-governing territories, and various possessions.
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University of Michigan
The University of Michigan (UM, U-M, U of M, or UMich), often simply referred to as Michigan, is a public research university in Ann Arbor, Michigan.
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Upper Peninsula of Michigan
The Upper Peninsula (UP), also known as Upper Michigan, is the northern of the two major peninsulas that make up the U.S. state of Michigan.
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Velar consonant
Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (known also as the velum).
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Verb
A verb, from the Latin verbum meaning word, is a word (part of speech) that in syntax conveys an action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being (be, exist, stand).
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Verb–object–subject
In linguistic typology, a Verb–object–subject or Verb–object–agent language – commonly abbreviated VOS or VOA – is one in which the most-typical sentences arrange their elements in that order which would (in English) equate to something like "Ate oranges Sam.".
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Verb–subject–object
In linguistic typology, a verb–subject–object (VSO) language is one in which the most typical sentences arrange their elements in that order, as in Ate Sam oranges (Sam ate oranges).
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Voice (phonetics)
Voice is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).
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Voiced velar approximant
The voiced velar approximant is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages.
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Vowel length
In linguistics, vowel length is the perceived duration of a vowel sound.
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Wawatay Native Communications Society
Wawatay Native Communications Society (Wawatay for short) was formed in 1974 by the people of Northern Ontario, Canada's Nishnawbe Aski Nation, as a source of communications technology, namely radio, television, and print media services for the Oji-Cree communities.
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Western Ojibwa language
Western Ojibwa (also known as Nakawēmowin (ᓇᐦᑲᐌᒧᐎᓐ), Saulteaux, and Plains Ojibwa) is a dialect of the Ojibwe language, a member of the Algonquian language family.
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White Earth Indian Reservation
The White Earth Indian Reservation (or Gaa-waabaabiganikaag (lit. "Where there is an abundance of white clay") in the Ojibwe language) is the home to the White Earth Band, located in northwestern Minnesota.
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Winnebago language
The Ho-Chunk language (Hoocąk, Hocąk), also known as Winnebago, is the traditional language of the Ho-Chunk (or Winnebago) nation of Native Americans in the United States.
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Wisconsin
Wisconsin is a U.S. state located in the north-central United States, in the Midwest and Great Lakes regions.
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Wisconsin Historical Society
The Wisconsin Historical Society (officially the State Historical Society of Wisconsin) is simultaneously a state agency and a private membership organization whose purpose is to maintain, promote and spread knowledge relating to the history of North America, with an emphasis on the state of Wisconsin and the trans-Allegheny West.
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Wiyot language
Wiyot (also Wishosk) is an extinct Algic languageCampbell (1997:152) formerly spoken by the Wiyot of Humboldt Bay, California.
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Word order
In linguistics, word order typology is the study of the order of the syntactic constituents of a language, and how different languages can employ different orders.
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Word stem
In linguistics, a stem is a part of a word.
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Writing system
A writing system is any conventional method of visually representing verbal communication.
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Wyandot language
Wyandot (sometimes spelled Waⁿdat) is the Iroquoian language traditionally spoken by the people known variously as Wyandot or Wyandotte, descended from the Wendat (Huron).
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Yurok language
The Yurok language (also Chillula, Mita, Pekwan, Rikwa, Sugon, Weitspek, Weitspekan) is an Algic language.
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2000 United States Census
The Twenty-second United States Census, known as Census 2000 and conducted by the Census Bureau, determined the resident population of the United States on April 1, 2000, to be 281,421,906, an increase of 13.2% over the 248,709,873 people enumerated during the 1990 Census.
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Redirects here:
Anishinaabe language, Anishinaabemowin, Anishinabemowin, Broken Ojibwa, ISO 639:ciw, ISO 639:oj, ISO 639:oji, Ojibwa Language, Ojibwa language, Ojibwa-Odawa language, Ojibwa-Ottawa language, Ojibwa-Potawatomi-Ottawa language, Ojibway language, Ojibwe (language), Ojibwe group of languages, Ojibwe language group, Ojibwe-language, Otchipwe.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ojibwe_language
