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69 relations: Acetylcarnitine, Ageing, Alcohol, Androgen, Antioxidant, Artificial insemination, BRCA2, Cambridge University Press, Carnitine, Chlamydia trachomatis, Clomifene, Conception device, Cryptorchidism, Cycling, Cystic fibrosis, DNA damage (naturally occurring), Drug, Ejaculation, Ejaculatory duct obstruction, Equestrianism, Follicle-stimulating hormone, High-protein diet, Homologous recombination, Human chorionic gonadotropin, Hydrocele, Hypogonadism, In vitro fertilisation, Infection, Injury, Intracytoplasmic sperm injection, Klinefelter syndrome, Malaria, Male infertility, Mast cell, Medication, Meiosis, Menotropin, Mitochondrion, Mumps, Neoplasm, Obesity, Occupational stress, Odds ratio, Ovarian reserve, Overweight, Paternal age effect, Pollutant, Prostatitis, Semen, Semen analysis, ..., Semen quality, Seminoma, Single-nucleotide polymorphism, Smoking, Sperm, Sperm motility, Statistical significance, Tamoxifen, Testosterone (medication), Underweight, USP26, Varicocele, Vas deferens, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, World Health Organization, Y chromosome, Y chromosome microdeletion, Zinc. Expand index (19 more) »
Acetylcarnitine
Acetyl-L-carnitine, ALCAR or ALC, is an acetylated form of L-carnitine.
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Ageing
Ageing or aging (see spelling differences) is the process of becoming older.
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Alcohol
In chemistry, an alcohol is any organic compound in which the hydroxyl functional group (–OH) is bound to a carbon.
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Androgen
An androgen (from Greek andr-, the stem of the word meaning "man") is any natural or synthetic steroid hormone which regulates the development and maintenance of male characteristics in vertebrates by binding to androgen receptors.
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Antioxidant
Antioxidants are molecules that inhibit the oxidation of other molecules.
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Artificial insemination
Artificial insemination (AI) is the deliberate introduction of sperm into a female's uterus or cervix for the purpose of achieving a pregnancy through in vivo fertilization by means other than sexual intercourse.
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BRCA2
BRCA2 and BRCA2 are a human gene and its protein product, respectively.
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Cambridge University Press
Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.
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Carnitine
Carnitine (β-hydroxy-γ-N-trimethylaminobutyric acid, 3-hydroxy-4-N,N,N- trimethylaminobutyrate) is a quaternary ammonium compound involved in metabolism in most mammals, plants and some bacteria. Carnitine may exist in two isomers, labeled D-carnitine and L-carnitine, as they are optically active. At room temperature, pure carnitine is a white powder, and a water-soluble zwitterion with low toxicity. Carnitine only exists in animals as the L-enantiomer, and D-carnitine is toxic because it inhibits the activity of L-carnitine. Carnitine, derived from an amino acid, is found in nearly all organisms and animal tissue. Carnitine is the generic expression for a number of compounds that include L-carnitine, acetyl-L-carnitine, and propionyl-L-carnitine. It is most accumulated in cardiac and skeletal muscles as it accounts for 0.1% of its dry matter. It was first derived from meat extracts in 1905, therefore the name carnitine is derived from Latin "carnus" or flesh. The body synthesizes enough carnitine from lysine side chains to keep up with the needs of energy production in the body as carnitine acts as a transporter of long-chain fatty acids into the mitochondria to be oxidized and produce energy. Some individuals with genetic or medical disorders (like preterm infants) cannot make enough, so this makes carnitine a conditionally essential nutrient for them.
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Chlamydia trachomatis
Chlamydia trachomatis, commonly known as chlamydia, is one of four bacterial species in the genus Chlamydia.
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Clomifene
Clomifene, also known as clomiphene, is a medication used to treat infertility in women who do not ovulate.
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Conception device
A conception device is a medical device which is used to assist in the achievement of a pregnancy, often, but not always, by means other than sexual intercourse (natural insemination, or NI).
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Cryptorchidism
Cryptorchidism is the absence of one or both testes from the scrotum.
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Cycling
Cycling, also called bicycling or biking, is the use of bicycles for transport, recreation, exercise or sport.
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Cystic fibrosis
Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder that affects mostly the lungs, but also the pancreas, liver, kidneys, and intestine.
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DNA damage (naturally occurring)
DNA damage is distinctly different from mutation, although both are types of error in DNA.
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Drug
A drug is any substance (other than food that provides nutritional support) that, when inhaled, injected, smoked, consumed, absorbed via a patch on the skin, or dissolved under the tongue causes a temporary physiological (and often psychological) change in the body.
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Ejaculation
Ejaculation is the discharge of semen (normally containing sperm) from the male reproductory tract, usually accompanied by orgasm.
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Ejaculatory duct obstruction
Ejaculatory duct obstruction (EDO) is a pathological condition which is characterized by the obstruction of one or both ejaculatory ducts.
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Equestrianism
Equestrianism (from Latin equester, equestr-, equus, horseman, horse), more often known as riding, horse riding (British English) or horseback riding (American English), refers to the skill of riding, driving, steeplechasing or vaulting with horses.
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Follicle-stimulating hormone
Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) is a gonadotropin, a glycoprotein polypeptide hormone.
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High-protein diet
A high-protein diet is often recommended by bodybuilders and nutritionists to help efforts to build muscle and lose fat.
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Homologous recombination
Homologous recombination is a type of genetic recombination in which nucleotide sequences are exchanged between two similar or identical molecules of DNA.
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Human chorionic gonadotropin
Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) is a hormone produced by the placenta after implantation.
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Hydrocele
A hydrocele is an accumulation of serous fluid in a body cavity.
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Hypogonadism
Hypogonadism means diminished functional activity of the gonads—the testes or the ovaries —that may result in diminished sex hormone biosynthesis.
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In vitro fertilisation
In vitro fertilisation (IVF) is a process of fertilisation where an egg is combined with sperm outside the body, in vitro ("in glass").
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Infection
Infection is the invasion of an organism's body tissues by disease-causing agents, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agents and the toxins they produce.
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Injury
Injury, also known as physical trauma, is damage to the body caused by external force.
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Intracytoplasmic sperm injection
Intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) is an in vitro fertilization (IVF) procedure in which a single sperm cell is injected directly into the cytoplasm of an egg.
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Klinefelter syndrome
Klinefelter syndrome (KS) also known as 47,XXY or XXY, is the set of symptoms that result from two or more X chromosomes in males.
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Malaria
Malaria is a mosquito-borne infectious disease affecting humans and other animals caused by parasitic protozoans (a group of single-celled microorganisms) belonging to the Plasmodium type.
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Male infertility
Male infertility refers to a male's inability to cause pregnancy in a fertile female.
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Mast cell
A mast cell (also known as a mastocyte or a labrocyte) is a type of white blood cell.
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Medication
A medication (also referred to as medicine, pharmaceutical drug, or simply drug) is a drug used to diagnose, cure, treat, or prevent disease.
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Meiosis
Meiosis (from Greek μείωσις, meiosis, which means lessening) is a specialized type of cell division that reduces the chromosome number by half, creating four haploid cells, each genetically distinct from the parent cell that gave rise to them.
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Menotropin
Menotropin (also called human menopausal gonadotropin or hMG) is a hormonally active medication for the treatment of fertility disturbances.
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Mitochondrion
The mitochondrion (plural mitochondria) is a double-membrane-bound organelle found in most eukaryotic organisms.
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Mumps
Mumps is a viral disease caused by the mumps virus.
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Neoplasm
Neoplasia is a type of abnormal and excessive growth of tissue.
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Obesity
Obesity is a medical condition in which excess body fat has accumulated to the extent that it may have a negative effect on health.
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Occupational stress
Occupational stress is stress related to one's job.
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Odds ratio
In statistics, the odds ratio (OR) is one of three main ways to quantify how strongly the presence or absence of property A is associated with the presence or absence of property B in a given population.
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Ovarian reserve
Ovarian reserve is a term that is used to determine the capacity of the ovary to provide egg cells that are capable of fertilization resulting in a healthy and successful pregnancy.
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Overweight
Being overweight or fat is having more body fat than is optimally healthy.
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Paternal age effect
The paternal age effect is the statistical relationship between paternal age at conception and biological effects on the child.
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Pollutant
A pollutant is a substance or energy introduced into the environment that has undesired effects, or adversely affects the usefulness of a resource.
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Prostatitis
Prostatitis is inflammation of the prostate gland.
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Semen
Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is an organic fluid that may contain spermatozoa.
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Semen analysis
A semen analysis (plural: semen analyses), also called "seminogram" evaluates certain characteristics of a male's semen and the sperm contained therein.
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Semen quality
Semen quality is a measure of the ability of semen to accomplish fertilization.
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Seminoma
Seminoma (also known as pure seminoma or classical seminoma) is a germ cell tumor of the testicle or, more rarely, the mediastinum or other extra-gonadal locations.
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Single-nucleotide polymorphism
A single-nucleotide polymorphism, often abbreviated to SNP (plural), is a variation in a single nucleotide that occurs at a specific position in the genome, where each variation is present to some appreciable degree within a population (e.g. > 1%).
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Smoking
Smoking is a practice in which a substance is burned and the resulting smoke breathed in to be tasted and absorbed into the bloodstream.
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Sperm
Sperm is the male reproductive cell and is derived from the Greek word (σπέρμα) sperma (meaning "seed").
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Sperm motility
Sperm motility describes the ability of sperm to move properly through the female reproductive tract (internal fertilization) or through water (external fertilization) to reach the egg.
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Statistical significance
In statistical hypothesis testing, a result has statistical significance when it is very unlikely to have occurred given the null hypothesis.
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Tamoxifen
Tamoxifen (TMX), sold under the brand name Nolvadex among others, is a medication that is used to prevent breast cancer in women and treat breast cancer in women and men.
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Testosterone (medication)
Testosterone is a medication and naturally occurring steroid hormone.
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Underweight
An underweight person is a person whose body weight is considered too low to be healthy.
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USP26
USP26 is a peptidase enzyme.
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Varicocele
A varicocele is an abnormal enlargement of the pampiniform venous plexus in the scrotum.
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Vas deferens
The vas deferens (Latin: "carrying-away vessel"; plural: vasa deferentia), also called ductus deferens (Latin: "carrying-away duct"; plural: ductus deferentes), is part of the male reproductive system of many vertebrates; these vasa transport sperm from the epididymis to the ejaculatory ducts in anticipation of ejaculation.
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Vitamin C
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.
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Vitamin E
Vitamin E is a group of eight compounds that include four tocopherols and four tocotrienols.
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World Health Organization
The World Health Organization (WHO; French: Organisation mondiale de la santé) is a specialized agency of the United Nations that is concerned with international public health.
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Y chromosome
The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes (allosomes) in mammals, including humans, and many other animals.
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Y chromosome microdeletion
Y chromosome microdeletion (YCM) is a family of genetic disorders caused by missing gene(s) in the Y chromosome.
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Zinc
Zinc is a chemical element with symbol Zn and atomic number 30.
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Redirects here:
Oligoasthenospermia, Oligozoospermia, Oligozoospermic.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oligospermia
