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165 relations: Age of Discovery, Annam (French protectorate), Archipelago, Arecaceae, Associated Press, Battle of the Paracel Islands, Battlefield 4, Bình Thuận Province, Bloomberg L.P., Bloomberg News, Blue whale, Bombay Reef, Borneo, Cambodia, Cay, Cay Sal Bank, Côn Sơn Island, Central Vietnam, Champa, Chaozhou, China, Chinese language, Chinese white dolphin, Cochinchina, Coconut, Consul, Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen, Da Nang, Daniel Ross (marine surveyor), Daoguang Emperor, Daoyi Zhilüe, Douban, Dragon Hole, Dutch East India Company, East India Company, Ellipse, Federal Information Processing Standards, Fin whale, First-person shooter, French Indochina, Frigate, Gia Long, Great Barrier Reef, Great Wall of Sand, Green sea turtle, Guangdong, Guangzhou, Guo Shoujing, Hai Yang Shi You 981 standoff, Haikou, ..., Hainan, Hanoi, Hawksbill sea turtle, History of Yuan, Ho Chi Minh City, Hoàng Sa District, Huế, Hydrography, Indian Navy, Indochina, Island, Java, Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau, Jean-Baptiste Grosier, Jean-Louis Taberd, Jesuit China missions, Kaohsiung, Kuomintang, Lagoon, Lê dynasty, Lê Quý Đôn, Lê Thánh Tông, Leatherback sea turtle, Lee Teng-hui, Li (unit), List of diplomatic missions of China, List of FIPS region codes, List of islands of Hainan, Macclesfield Bank, Maldives, Mao Kun map, Marine mammal, Marine reptile, Ming dynasty, Minh Mạng, Ministry of Civil Affairs, Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Vietnam), Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China, Monarchy, Money Island, Paracel Islands, Napoleon III, Ngo Dinh Diem, Nine-Dash Line, North Vietnam, Ocean bank, Palawan, Paracel Islands, People's Liberation Army Navy, Permanent Court of Arbitration, Phạm Văn Đồng, Philippines, Portuguese discoveries, Pratas Islands, Prefecture-level city, Provinces of China, Provinces of Vietnam, Qing dynasty, Qiongshan District, Quảng Nam Province, Quảng Ngãi, Reef, Republic of China (1912–1949), Robert Island (Paracel Islands), Rocky Island, South China Sea, Sansha, Second Sino-Japanese War, Semi-major and semi-minor axes, Shoal, Sina Corp, Sinkhole, Sohu, Song dynasty, South China Morning Post, South China Sea, South China Sea Islands, South Vietnam, Southeast Asia, Special municipality (Taiwan), Spratly Islands, Taiping Island, Taiwan, Tang dynasty, Thanh Niên, The Diplomat, The Hague, The National Interest, Thuận Hóa, Tonkin, Trịnh Căn, Treaty of San Francisco, Tree Island, South China Sea, Triton Island, Typhoon, United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Viet Cong, Vietnam, Vietnam War, Vietnamese language, Wang Dayuan, West Sand, Whale shark, Willem Blaeu, William Taylor Money, Woody Island (South China Sea), World War II, Wujing Zongyao, Xisha (disambiguation), Yagong Island, Yuan dynasty, Zhao Rugua, Zheng He, Zhongsha Islands, Zhou Enlai, Zhu Fan Zhi, 1954 Geneva Conference. Expand index (115 more) »
Age of Discovery
The Age of Discovery, or the Age of Exploration (approximately from the beginning of the 15th century until the end of the 18th century) is an informal and loosely defined term for the period in European history in which extensive overseas exploration emerged as a powerful factor in European culture and was the beginning of globalization.
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Annam (French protectorate)
Annam (An Nam or Trung Kỳ, alternate spelling: Anam) was a French protectorate encompassing the central region of Vietnam.
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Archipelago
An archipelago, sometimes called an island group or island chain, is a chain, cluster or collection of islands, or sometimes a sea containing a small number of scattered islands.
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Arecaceae
The Arecaceae are a botanical family of perennial trees, climbers, shrubs, and acaules commonly known as palm trees (owing to historical usage, the family is alternatively called Palmae).
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Associated Press
The Associated Press (AP) is a U.S.-based not-for-profit news agency headquartered in New York City.
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Battle of the Paracel Islands
The Battle of the Paracel Islands was a military engagement between the naval forces of the People's Republic of China (PRC) and South Vietnam in the Paracel Islands on January 19, 1974.
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Battlefield 4
Battlefield 4 is a first-person shooter video game developed by video game developer EA DICE and published by Electronic Arts.
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Bình Thuận Province
Bình Thuận is a province of Vietnam.
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Bloomberg L.P.
Bloomberg L.P. is a privately held financial, software, data, and media company headquartered in Midtown Manhattan, New York City.
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Bloomberg News
Bloomberg News is an international news agency headquartered in New York, United States and a division of Bloomberg L.P. Content produced by Bloomberg News is disseminated through Bloomberg Terminals, Bloomberg Television, Bloomberg Radio, Bloomberg Businessweek, Bloomberg Markets, Bloomberg.com and Bloomberg's mobile platforms.
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Blue whale
The blue whale (Balaenoptera musculus) is a marine mammal belonging to the baleen whale parvorder, Mysticeti.
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Bombay Reef
Bombay Reef (đá Bông Bay) is an atoll of the Paracel Islands.
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Borneo
Borneo (Pulau Borneo) is the third largest island in the world and the largest in Asia.
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Cambodia
Cambodia (កម្ពុជា, or Kampuchea:, Cambodge), officially known as the Kingdom of Cambodia (ព្រះរាជាណាចក្រកម្ពុជា, prĕəh riəciənaacak kampuciə,; Royaume du Cambodge), is a sovereign state located in the southern portion of the Indochina peninsula in Southeast Asia.
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Cay
A cay, also spelled caye or key, is a small, low-elevation, sandy island on the surface of a coral reef.
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Cay Sal Bank
Cay Sal Bank (Placer de los Roques) is the third largest (after Great Bahama Bank and Little Bahama Bank) and the westernmost of the Bahama Banks.
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Côn Sơn Island
Côn Sơn, also known as Côn Lôn, is the largest island of the Côn Đảo archipelago, off the coast of southern Vietnam.
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Central Vietnam
Central Vietnam (Miền Trung) also known as Middle Vietnam or The Middle, formerly known as Trung Phần by the Republic of Vietnam, Trung Kỳ and Annam under French Indochina, is one of the three geographical regions within Vietnam.
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Champa
Champa (Chăm Pa) was a collection of independent Cham polities that extended across the coast of what is today central and southern Vietnam from approximately the 2nd century AD before being absorbed and annexed by Vietnamese Emperor Minh Mạng in AD 1832.
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Chaozhou
Chaozhou, alternatively transliterated as Chiuchow, Chaochow, or Teochew, is a city in the eastern Guangdong province of China.
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chinese language
Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.
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Chinese white dolphin
The Chinese white dolphin is a variety of Indo-Pacific humpbacked dolphin (Sousa chinensis). This variety inhabits the eastern portion of the species range, in Southeast Asia and Australia.
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Cochinchina
Cochinchina (Nam Kỳ; ''Kausangsin''.; Cochinchine) is a region encompassing the southern third of current Vietnam whose principal city is Saigon or Prey Nokor in Khmer.
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Coconut
The coconut tree (Cocos nucifera) is a member of the family Arecaceae (palm family) and the only species of the genus Cocos.
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Consul
Consul (abbrev. cos.; Latin plural consules) was the title of one of the chief magistrates of the Roman Republic, and subsequently a somewhat significant title under the Roman Empire.
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Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen
Cornelis Claesz van Wieringen (c. 1576 – 29 December 1633) was a Dutch Golden Age painter.
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Da Nang
Da Nang (Đà Nẵng) is the fourth largest city in Vietnam after Ho Chi Minh City (Saigon), Hanoi and Haiphong in terms of urbanization and economy.
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Daniel Ross (marine surveyor)
Captain Daniel Ross FRS (11 November 1780 – 29 October 1849) was a hydrographer employed by the East India Company.
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Daoguang Emperor
The Daoguang Emperor (16 September 1782 – 25 February 1850) was the eighth emperor of the Manchu-led Qing dynasty and the sixth Qing emperor to rule over China, from 1820 to 1850.
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Daoyi Zhilüe
Dao Yi Zhi Lue or Dao Yi Zhi which may be translated as A Brief Account of Island Barbarians or other similar titles, is a book written c. 1339 by Yuan Dynasty Chinese traveller Wang Dayuan recounting his travels to over a hundred places in South Asia, Southeast Asia, and Africa.
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Douban
Douban.com, launched on March 6, 2005, is a Chinese social networking service website allowing registered users to record information and create content related to film, books, music, recent events and activities in Chinese cities.
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Dragon Hole
Dragon Hole is the deepest known underwater sinkhole (blue hole) in the world.
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Dutch East India Company
The United East India Company, sometimes known as the United East Indies Company (Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie; or Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie in modern spelling; abbreviated to VOC), better known to the English-speaking world as the Dutch East India Company or sometimes as the Dutch East Indies Company, was a multinational corporation that was founded in 1602 from a government-backed consolidation of several rival Dutch trading companies.
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East India Company
The East India Company (EIC), also known as the Honourable East India Company (HEIC) or the British East India Company and informally as John Company, was an English and later British joint-stock company, formed to trade with the East Indies (in present-day terms, Maritime Southeast Asia), but ended up trading mainly with Qing China and seizing control of large parts of the Indian subcontinent.
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Ellipse
In mathematics, an ellipse is a curve in a plane surrounding two focal points such that the sum of the distances to the two focal points is constant for every point on the curve.
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Federal Information Processing Standards
Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS) are publicly announced standards developed by the United States federal government for use in computer systems by non-military government agencies and government contractors.
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Fin whale
The fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), also known as finback whale or common rorqual and formerly known as herring whale or razorback whale, is a marine mammal belonging to the parvorder of baleen whales.
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First-person shooter
First-person shooter (FPS) is a video game genre centered around gun and other weapon-based combat in a first-person perspective; that is, the player experiences the action through the eyes of the protagonist.
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French Indochina
French Indochina (previously spelled as French Indo-China) (French: Indochine française; Lao: ສະຫະພັນອິນດູຈີນ; Khmer: សហភាពឥណ្ឌូចិន; Vietnamese: Đông Dương thuộc Pháp/東洋屬法,, frequently abbreviated to Đông Pháp; Chinese: 法属印度支那), officially known as the Indochinese Union (French: Union indochinoise) after 1887 and the Indochinese Federation (French: Fédération indochinoise) after 1947, was a grouping of French colonial territories in Southeast Asia.
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Frigate
A frigate is any of several types of warship, the term having been used for ships of various sizes and roles over the last few centuries.
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Gia Long
Gia Long (8 February 1762 – 3 February 1820), born Nguyễn Phúc Ánh or Nguyễn Ánh), was the first Emperor of the Nguyễn Dynasty of Vietnam. Unifying what is now modern Vietnam in 1802, he founded the Nguyễn Dynasty, the last of the Vietnamese dynasties. A nephew of the last Nguyễn lord who ruled over southern Vietnam, Nguyễn Ánh was forced into hiding in 1777 as a fifteen-year-old when his family was slain in the Tây Sơn revolt. After several changes of fortune in which his loyalists regained and again lost Saigon, he befriended the French Catholic priest Pigneau de Behaine. Pigneau championed his cause to the French government—and managed to recruit volunteers when this fell through—to help Nguyễn Ánh regain the throne. From 1789, Nguyễn Ánh was once again in the ascendancy and began his northward march to defeat the Tây Sơn, reaching the border with China by 1802, which had previously been under the control of the Trịnh lords. Following their defeat, he succeeded in reuniting Vietnam after centuries of internecine feudal warfare, with a greater land mass than ever before, stretching from China down to the Gulf of Siam. Gia Long's rule was noted for its Confucian orthodoxy. He overcame the Tây Sơn rebellion and reinstated the classical Confucian education and civil service system. He moved the capital from Hanoi south to Huế as the country's populace had also shifted south over the preceding centuries, and built up fortresses and a palace in his new capital. Using French expertise, he modernized Vietnam's defensive capabilities. In deference to the assistance of his French friends, he tolerated the activities of Roman Catholic missionaries, something that became increasingly restricted under his successors. Under his rule, Vietnam strengthened its military dominance in Indochina, expelling Siamese forces from Cambodia and turning it into a vassal state.
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Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef is the world's largest coral reef system composed of over 2,900 individual reefs and 900 islands stretching for over over an area of approximately.
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Great Wall of Sand
"Great Wall of Sand" is a name first used in March 2015 by US Admiral Harry Harris, who was commander of the Pacific Fleet, to describe a series of uniquely large-scale land reclamation projects by the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the Spratly Islands area of the South China Sea in the period from late 2013 to late 2016.
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Green sea turtle
The green sea turtle (Chelonia mydas), also known as the green turtle, black (sea) turtle or Pacific green turtle, is a large sea turtle of the family Cheloniidae.
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Guangdong
Guangdong is a province in South China, located on the South China Sea coast.
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Guangzhou
Guangzhou, also known as Canton, is the capital and most populous city of the province of Guangdong.
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Guo Shoujing
Guo Shoujing (1231–1316), courtesy name Ruosi (若思), was a Chinese astronomer, engineer, and mathematician born in Xingtai, Hebei who lived during the Yuan Dynasty (1271–1368).
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Hai Yang Shi You 981 standoff
Hai Yang Shi You 981 standoff refers to the tensions between China and Vietnam arising from the Chinese state-owned China National Offshore Oil Corporation moving its Hai Yang Shi You 981 (known in Vietnam as "Hải Dương - 981") oil platform to waters near the disputed Paracel Islands in South China Sea, and the resulting Vietnamese efforts to prevent the platform from establishing a fixed position.
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Haikou
Hǎikǒu, is the capital and most populous city of Hainan province, China.
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Hainan
Hainan is the smallest and southernmost province of the People's Republic of China (PRC), consisting of various islands in the South China Sea.
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Hanoi
Hanoi (or; Hà Nội)) is the capital of Vietnam and the country's second largest city by population. The population in 2015 was estimated at 7.7 million people. The city lies on the right bank of the Red River. Hanoi is north of Ho Chi Minh City and west of Hai Phong city. From 1010 until 1802, it was the most important political centre of Vietnam. It was eclipsed by Huế, the imperial capital of Vietnam during the Nguyễn Dynasty (1802–1945). In 1873 Hanoi was conquered by the French. From 1883 to 1945, the city was the administrative center of the colony of French Indochina. The French built a modern administrative city south of Old Hanoi, creating broad, perpendicular tree-lined avenues of opera, churches, public buildings, and luxury villas, but they also destroyed large parts of the city, shedding or reducing the size of lakes and canals, while also clearing out various imperial palaces and citadels. From 1940 to 1945 Hanoi, as well as the largest part of French Indochina and Southeast Asia, was occupied by the Japanese. On September 2, 1945, Ho Chi Minh proclaimed the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (North Vietnam). The Vietnamese National Assembly under Ho Chi Minh decided on January 6, 1946, to make Hanoi the capital of the Democratic Republic of Vietnam. From 1954 to 1976, it was the capital of North Vietnam, and it became the capital of a reunified Vietnam in 1976, after the North's victory in the Vietnam War. October 2010 officially marked 1,000 years since the establishment of the city. The Hanoi Ceramic Mosaic Mural is a ceramic mosaic mural created to mark the occasion.
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Hawksbill sea turtle
The hawksbill sea turtle (Eretmochelys imbricata) is a critically endangered sea turtle belonging to the family Cheloniidae.
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History of Yuan
The History of Yuan (Yuán Shǐ), also known as the Yuanshi, is one of the official Chinese historical works known as the Twenty-Four Histories of China.
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Ho Chi Minh City
Ho Chi Minh City (Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh; or; formerly Hô-Chi-Minh-Ville), also widely known by its former name of Saigon (Sài Gòn; or), is the largest city in Vietnam by population.
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Hoàng Sa District
Hoàng Sa is an island district of Da Nang in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam.
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Huế
Huế (is a city in central Vietnam that was the seat of Nguyễn Dynasty emperors from 1802 to 1945, and capital of the protectorate of Annam. A major attraction is its vast, 19th-century citadel, surrounded by a moat and thick stone walls. It encompasses the Imperial City, with palaces and shrines; the Forbidden Purple City, once the emperor's home; and a replica of the Royal Theater. The city was also the battleground for the Battle of Huế, which was one of the longest and bloodiest battles of the Vietnam War.
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Hydrography
Hydrography is the branch of applied sciences which deals with the measurement and description of the physical features of oceans, seas, coastal areas, lakes and rivers, as well as with the prediction of their change over time, for the primary purpose of safety of navigation and in support of all other marine activities, including economic development, security and defence, scientific research, and environmental protection.
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Indian Navy
The Indian Navy (IN; IAST: Bhāratīya Nau Senā) is the naval branch of the Indian Armed Forces.
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Indochina
Indochina, originally Indo-China, is a geographical term originating in the early nineteenth century and referring to the continental portion of the region now known as Southeast Asia.
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Island
An island or isle is any piece of sub-continental land that is surrounded by water.
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Java
Java (Indonesian: Jawa; Javanese: ꦗꦮ; Sundanese) is an island of Indonesia.
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Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau
Jean-Baptiste Chaigneau (1769–1832) was a French Navy sailor and an adventurer who played an important role in Vietnam in the 19th century.
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Jean-Baptiste Grosier
Jean-Baptiste Gabriel Alexandre Grosier (17 March 1743 – 8 December 1823) was a French abbé and critic of art and literature who published in 1788 his General Description of China.
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Jean-Louis Taberd
Jean-Louis Taberd (1794–1840) was a French missionary of the Paris Foreign Missions Society, and bishop of Isauropolis, in partibus infidelium.
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Jesuit China missions
The history of the missions of the Jesuits in China is part of the history of relations between China and the Western world.
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Kaohsiung
Kaohsiung City (Hokkien POJ: Ko-hiông; Hakka: Kô-hiùng; old names: Takao, Takow, Takau) is a special municipality located in southern-western Taiwan and facing the Taiwan Strait.
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Kuomintang
The Kuomintang of China (KMT; often translated as the Nationalist Party of China) is a major political party in the Republic of China on Taiwan, based in Taipei and is currently the opposition political party in the Legislative Yuan.
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Lagoon
A lagoon is a shallow body of water separated from a larger body of water by barrier islands or reefs.
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Lê dynasty
The Later Lê dynasty (Nhà Hậu Lê; Hán Việt: 後黎朝), sometimes referred to as the Lê dynasty (the earlier Lê dynasty ruled only for a brief period (980–1009)), was the longest-ruling dynasty of Vietnam, ruling the country from 1428 to 1788, with a brief six-year interruption of the Mạc dynasty usurpers (1527–1533).
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Lê Quý Đôn
Lê Quý Đôn (黎貴惇, 1726–1784) was an 18th-century Vietnamese poet, encyclopedist, and government official.
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Lê Thánh Tông
Lê Thánh Tông (黎聖宗, 20 July 1442 – 30 January 1497) was the 5th emperor of Đại Việt during the Later Lê dynasty.
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Leatherback sea turtle
The leatherback sea turtle (Dermochelys coriacea), sometimes called the lute turtle or leathery turtle or simply the luth, is the largest of all living turtles and is the fourth-heaviest modern reptile behind three crocodilians.
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Lee Teng-hui
Lee Teng-hui (born 15 January 1923) is a Taiwanese politician.
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Li (unit)
The li (lǐ, or 市里, shìlǐ), also known as the Chinese mile, is a traditional Chinese unit of distance.
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List of diplomatic missions of China
This is a list of diplomatic missions of the People's Republic of China.
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List of FIPS region codes
This is a list of FIPS 10-4 region codes, using a standardized name format, and cross-linking to articles.
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List of islands of Hainan
There are many islands directly off the coast of Hainan Island, the southernmost province in China.
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Macclesfield Bank
Macclesfield Bank is an elongated sunken atoll of underwater reefs and shoals in the South China Sea.
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Maldives
The Maldives (or; ދިވެހިރާއްޖެ Dhivehi Raa'jey), officially the Republic of Maldives, is a South Asian sovereign state, located in the Indian Ocean, situated in the Arabian Sea.
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Mao Kun map
Mao Kun map, usually referred to in modern Chinese sources as Zheng He's Navigation Map, is a set of navigation charts published in the Ming dynasty military treatise Wubei Zhi.
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Marine mammal
Marine mammals are aquatic mammals that rely on the ocean and other marine ecosystems for their existence.
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Marine reptile
Reptiles that live in the sea. Marine reptiles are reptiles which have become secondarily adapted for an aquatic or semiaquatic life in a marine environment.
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Ming dynasty
The Ming dynasty was the ruling dynasty of China – then known as the – for 276 years (1368–1644) following the collapse of the Mongol-led Yuan dynasty.
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Minh Mạng
Minh Mạng (25 May 1791 – 20 January 1841; born Nguyễn Phúc Đảm (chữ Hán: 阮福膽), also known as Nguyễn Phúc Kiểu) was the second emperor of the Nguyễn dynasty of Vietnam, reigning from 14 February 1820 until his death, on 20 January 1841.
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Ministry of Civil Affairs
The Ministry of Civil Affairs (MCA) is a ministry in the State Council of the People's Republic of China, responsible for social and administrative affairs.
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Vietnam)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs is the central government institution charged with leading the foreign affairs of Vietnam.
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Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China (MOFA or MFA) under the State Council of the Government of the People's Republic of China is an executive agency responsible for foreign relations between the People's Republic of China and other countries in the world.
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Monarchy
A monarchy is a form of government in which a group, generally a family representing a dynasty (aristocracy), embodies the country's national identity and its head, the monarch, exercises the role of sovereignty.
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Money Island, Paracel Islands
Money Island(Quang Ảnh and Ðảo Vính Lạc) is the southwesternmost island in the Crescent Group of the Paracel Islands archipelago.
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Napoleon III
Louis-Napoléon Bonaparte (born Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 1808 – 9 January 1873) was the President of France from 1848 to 1852 and as Napoleon III the Emperor of the French from 1852 to 1870.
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Ngo Dinh Diem
Ngô Đình Diệm (3 January 1901 – 2 November 1963) was a South Vietnamese politician.
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Nine-Dash Line
The Nine-Dash Line—at various times also referred to as the "10-dash line" and the "11-dash line"—refers to the undefined, vaguely located, demarcation line used initially by the Republic of China (1912–1949) and subsequently the governments of the Republic of China (ROC / Taiwan) and the People's Republic of China (PRC), for their claims of the major part of the South China Sea.
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North Vietnam
North Vietnam, officially the Democratic Republic of Vietnam (DRV) (Việt Nam Dân Chủ Cộng Hòa), was a country in Southeast Asia from 1945 to 1976, although it did not achieve widespread recognition until 1954.
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Ocean bank
An ocean bank, sometimes referred to as a fishing bank or simply bank, is a part of the sea which is shallow compared to its surrounding area, such as a shoal or the top of an underwater hill.
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Palawan
Palawan (pron.), officially the Province of Palawan (Cuyonon: Probinsya i'ang Palawan / Paragua; Kapuoran sang Palawan; Lalawigan ng Palawan) is an archipelagic province of the Philippines that is located in the region of MIMAROPA.
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Paracel Islands
The Paracel Islands, also known as Xisha in Chinese and Hoàng Sa in Vietnamese, is a group of islands, reefs, banks and other maritime features in the South China Sea.
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People's Liberation Army Navy
The People's Liberation Army Navy (PLAN), also known as the PLA Navy, is the naval warfare branch of the People's Liberation Army, which is the armed wing of the Communist Party of China and, by default, the national armed forces of the People's Republic of China.
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Permanent Court of Arbitration
The Permanent Court of Arbitration (PCA) is an intergovernmental organization located at The Hague in the Netherlands.
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Phạm Văn Đồng
Phạm Văn Đồng (1 March 1906 – 29 April 2000) was a Vietnamese politician who served as Prime Minister of North Vietnam from 1955 to 1976 and, following unification, as Prime Minister of Vietnam from 1976 until he retired in 1987 under the rule of Lê Duẩn and Nguyễn Văn Linh.
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Philippines
The Philippines (Pilipinas or Filipinas), officially the Republic of the Philippines (Republika ng Pilipinas), is a unitary sovereign and archipelagic country in Southeast Asia.
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Portuguese discoveries
Portuguese discoveries (Portuguese: Descobrimentos portugueses) are the numerous territories and maritime routes discovered by the Portuguese as a result of their intensive maritime exploration during the 15th and 16th centuries.
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Pratas Islands
The Pratas Islands, also known as the Dongsha Islands and Tungsha Islands, are three atolls (Pratas Atoll, North Vereker Atoll and South Vereker Atoll) in the north of the South China Sea.
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Prefecture-level city
A prefectural-level municipality, prefectural-level city or prefectural city; formerly known as province-controlled city from 1949 to 1983, is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China (PRC), ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure.
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Provinces of China
Provincial-level administrative divisions or first-level administrative divisions, are the highest-level Chinese administrative divisions.
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Provinces of Vietnam
On the First Tier, Vietnam is divided into 58 provinces (tỉnh) and 5 municipalities (thành phố trực thuộc trung ương).
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Qing dynasty
The Qing dynasty, also known as the Qing Empire, officially the Great Qing, was the last imperial dynasty of China, established in 1636 and ruling China from 1644 to 1912.
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Qiongshan District
Qiongshan District, formerly romanized as Kiungshan, is an urban district of Haikou, the capital of Hainan Province in the People's Republic of China.
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Quảng Nam Province
Quảng Nam is a province in the South Central Coast region of Vietnam.
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Quảng Ngãi
Quảng Ngãi is a city in central Vietnam.
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Reef
A reef is a bar of rock, sand, coral or similar material, lying beneath the surface of water.
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Republic of China (1912–1949)
The Republic of China was a sovereign state in East Asia, that occupied the territories of modern China, and for part of its history Mongolia and Taiwan.
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Robert Island (Paracel Islands)
Robert Island, also known as Round Island and Ganquan Island (Đảo Hữu Nhật) is an island in the Paracel Islands, in the South China Sea.
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Rocky Island, South China Sea
Rocky Island (Vietnamese: Đảo Đá) is one of the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea.
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Sansha
Sansha is a prefecture-level city of Hainan province of the People's Republic of China (PRC).
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Second Sino-Japanese War
The Second Sino-Japanese War was a military conflict fought primarily between the Republic of China and the Empire of Japan from July 7, 1937, to September 2, 1945.
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Semi-major and semi-minor axes
In geometry, the major axis of an ellipse is its longest diameter: a line segment that runs through the center and both foci, with ends at the widest points of the perimeter.
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Shoal
In oceanography, geomorphology, and earth sciences, a shoal is a natural submerged ridge, bank, or bar that consists of, or is covered by, sand or other unconsolidated material, and rises from the bed of a body of water to near the surface.
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Sina Corp
Sina is a Chinese technology company.
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Sinkhole
A sinkhole, also known as a cenote, sink, sink-hole, swallet, swallow hole, or doline (the different terms for sinkholes are often used interchangeably), is a depression or hole in the ground caused by some form of collapse of the surface layer.
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Sohu
Sohu, Inc. is a Chinese Internet company headquartered in the Sohu Internet Plaza in Haidian District, Beijing.
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Song dynasty
The Song dynasty (960–1279) was an era of Chinese history that began in 960 and continued until 1279.
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South China Morning Post
The South China Morning Post (also known as SCMP or The Post), with its Sunday edition, the Sunday Morning Post, is a Hong Kong English-language newspaper and Hong Kong's newspaper of record.
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South China Sea
The South China Sea is a marginal sea that is part of the Pacific Ocean, encompassing an area from the Karimata and Malacca Straits to the Strait of Taiwan of around.
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South China Sea Islands
The South China Sea Islands consist of over 250 islands, atolls, cays, shoals, reefs, and sandbars in the South China Sea, none of which have indigenous people, few of which have any natural water supply, many of which are naturally under water at high tide, while others are permanently submerged.
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South Vietnam
South Vietnam, officially the Republic of Vietnam (RVN, Việt Nam Cộng Hòa), was a country that existed from 1955 to 1975 and comprised the southern half of what is now the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
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Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia.
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Special municipality (Taiwan)
A special municipality is an administrative division unit in Taiwan.
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Spratly Islands
The Spratly Islands (南沙群岛 (Nánshā Qúndǎo), Kepulauan Spratly, Kapuluan ng Kalayaan, Quần đảo Trường Sa) are a disputed group of islands, islets and cays and more than 100 reefs, sometimes grouped in submerged old atolls, in the South China Sea.
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Taiping Island
Taiping Island, better known internationally as Itu Aba, and also known by various other names, is the largest of the naturally occurring Spratly Islands in the South China Sea.
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Taiwan
Taiwan, officially the Republic of China (ROC), is a state in East Asia.
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Tang dynasty
The Tang dynasty or the Tang Empire was an imperial dynasty of China preceded by the Sui dynasty and followed by the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period.
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Thanh Niên
Thanh Niên News (Vietnamese: Báo Thanh Niên "Youth Newspaper") is a Ho Chi Minh city-based newspaper in Vietnam.
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The Diplomat
The Diplomat is an online international news magazine covering politics, society, and culture in the Asia-Pacific region.
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The Hague
The Hague (Den Haag,, short for 's-Gravenhage) is a city on the western coast of the Netherlands and the capital of the province of South Holland.
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The National Interest
The National Interest (TNI) is an American bimonthly international affairs magazine published by the Center for the National Interest.
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Thuận Hóa
Thuận Hóa was a historic territory in central Vietnam.
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Tonkin
Tonkin (historically Đàng Ngoài), also spelled Tongkin, Tonquin or Tongking, is in the Red River Delta Region of northern Vietnam.
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Trịnh Căn
Trịnh Căn (Hán tự:鄭 根; 1633–1709) ruled Vietnam from 1682–1709 (he ruled with the title Dinh Vuong).
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Treaty of San Francisco
, or commonly known as the Treaty of Peace with Japan, Peace Treaty of San Francisco, or San Francisco Peace Treaty), mostly between Japan and the Allied Powers, was officially signed by 48 nations on September 8, 1951, in San Francisco. It came into force on April 28, 1952 and officially ended the American-led Allied Occupation of Japan. According to Article 11 of the Treaty, Japan accepts the judgments of the International Military Tribunal for the Far East and of other Allied War Crimes Courts imposed on Japan both within and outside Japan. This treaty served to officially end Japan's position as an imperial power, to allocate compensation to Allied civilians and former prisoners of war who had suffered Japanese war crimes during World War II, and to end the Allied post-war occupation of Japan and return sovereignty to that nation. This treaty made extensive use of the United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration of Human Rights to enunciate the Allies' goals. This treaty, along with the Security Treaty signed that same day, is said to mark the beginning of the San Francisco System; this term, coined by historian John W. Dower, signifies the effects of Japan's relationship with the United States and its role in the international arena as determined by these two treaties and is used to discuss the ways in which these effects have governed Japan's post-war history. This treaty also introduced the problem of the legal status of Taiwan due to its lack of specificity as to what country Taiwan was to be surrendered, and hence some supporters of Taiwan independence argue that sovereignty of Taiwan is still undetermined.
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Tree Island, South China Sea
For the "Tree Island" in Tuen Mun District, New Territories, Hong Kong, see Pak Chau. Tree Island, also known as Zhaoshu Island, (Đảo Cây) is one of the main islands of the Paracel Islands group in the South China Sea.
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Triton Island
Triton Island is the most south-western of the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea.
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Typhoon
A typhoon is a mature tropical cyclone that develops between 180° and 100°E in the Northern Hemisphere.
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United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea
The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), also called the Law of the Sea Convention or the Law of the Sea treaty, is the international agreement that resulted from the third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS III), which took place between 1973 and 1982.
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Viet Cong
The National Liberation Front of South Vietnam (Mặt trận Dân tộc Giải phóng miền Nam Việt Nam) also known as the Việt Cộng was a mass political organization in South Vietnam and Cambodia with its own army – the People's Liberation Armed Forces of South Vietnam (PLAF) – that fought against the United States and South Vietnamese governments during the Vietnam War, eventually emerging on the winning side.
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Vietnam
Vietnam, officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam, is the easternmost country on the Indochina Peninsula in Southeast Asia.
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Vietnam War
The Vietnam War (Chiến tranh Việt Nam), also known as the Second Indochina War, and in Vietnam as the Resistance War Against America (Kháng chiến chống Mỹ) or simply the American War, was a conflict that occurred in Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia from 1 November 1955 to the fall of Saigon on 30 April 1975.
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Vietnamese language
Vietnamese (Tiếng Việt) is an Austroasiatic language that originated in Vietnam, where it is the national and official language.
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Wang Dayuan
Wang Dayuan (simplified Chinese: 汪大渊, fl. 1311–1350) was a traveller from Quanzhou, China during the Mongol Yuan Dynasty in the 14th century.
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West Sand
West Sand (Cồn cát Tây) is a sand cay located in the northwest of the Amphitrite Group of the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea.
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Whale shark
The whale shark (Rhincodon typus) is a slow-moving, filter-feeding carpet shark and the largest known extant fish species.
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Willem Blaeu
Willem Janszoon Blaeu (157121 October 1638), also abbreviated to Willem Jansz.
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William Taylor Money
Sir William Taylor Money (1769 – April 1834) was an English naval captain in the East India Company, superintendent of the Bombay Marine and MP in the British Parliament.
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Woody Island (South China Sea)
Woody Island, also called Yongxing Island in People's Republic of China (PRC) and Phu Lam Island (Đảo Phú Lâm) in Vietnam, is the largest of the Paracel Islands in the South China Sea (SCS), with an area of.
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World War II
World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.
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Wujing Zongyao
The Wujing Zongyao, sometimes rendered in English as the Complete Essentials for the Military Classics, is a Chinese military compendium written from around 1040 to 1044.
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Xisha (disambiguation)
Xisha ("Western Sands") is the Chinese name for the Hoàng Sa or Paracel Islands.
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Yagong Island
Yagong Island (Đảo Ba Ba) is an island in the Crescent Group (Yongle Qundao 永乐环礁) of the Paracel Islands, in the South China Sea.
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Yuan dynasty
The Yuan dynasty, officially the Great Yuan (Yehe Yuan Ulus), was the empire or ruling dynasty of China established by Kublai Khan, leader of the Mongolian Borjigin clan.
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Zhao Rugua
Zhao Rugua (Chau Ju-Kua/Chou Ju-kua) (1170–1228), also written as Zhao Rukuo or misread as Zhao Rushi, is a Song dynasty official who wrote a two-volume book titled Zhu fan zhi.
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Zheng He
Zheng He (1371–1433 or 1435) was a Chinese mariner, explorer, diplomat, fleet admiral, and court eunuch during China's early Ming dynasty.
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Zhongsha Islands
The Zhongsha Islands is a Chinese term for a collection of entirely submerged banks, seamounts, and shoals in the South China Sea.
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Zhou Enlai
Zhou Enlai (5 March 1898 – 8 January 1976) was the first Premier of the People's Republic of China, serving from October 1949 until his death in January 1976.
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Zhu Fan Zhi
Zhu Fan Zhi, variously translated as A Description of Barbarian Nations, Records of Foreign People, or other similar titles, is a 13th-century Song Dynasty work by Zhao Rugua.
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1954 Geneva Conference
The Geneva Conference was a conference among several nations that took place in Geneva, Switzerland from April 26 – July 20, 1954.
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Redirects here:
Amphitrite Group, Crescent Group, Economy of the Paracel Islands, Foreign relations of the Paracel Islands, Geography of the Paracel Islands, Government of the Paracel Islands, History of the Paracel Islands, Hoang Sa, Hoàng Sa, North Reef, Paracel Islands, Paracel, Paracel (Xisha) Islands, Paracel Islands dispute, Paracel Islands/Economy, Paracel Islands/Geography, Paracel Islands/Government, Paracel Islands/History, Paracel Islands/Military, Paracel Islands/People, Paracel Islands/Transnational issues, Paracel Islands/Transportation, Paracel islands, Paracel islands dispute, Paracels, Paracels Islands, Quần đảo Hoàng Sa, The Paracel Islands, Transport in the Paracel Islands, Transportation in the Paracel Islands, Xisha, Xisha District, Xisha Island, Xisha Islands, Xisha Qundao.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paracel_Islands
