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208 relations: Acheulean, Adze, Africa, Agriculture, Ahrensburg culture, Alder, Amber, Ancient Greece, Ancient Rome, Anglian stage, Anno Domini, Archaeogenetics, Archaeological culture, Archaeological record, Archaeology, Arras culture, Aurochs, Avebury, Avienus, Axe, Baltic region, Bantham, Barry Cunliffe, Bølling-Allerød warming, Beaker (archaeology), Beaker culture, Before Present, Belgae, Belgium, Birch, Bog, Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site, Bouldnor Cliff, Bout-coupé, Boxgrove, Bronze, Bronze Age, Burial, Bytham River, Cannibalism, Causewayed enclosure, Cave painting, Celsius, Celtic Britons, Celtic languages, Celts, Cemetery, Chamber tomb, Channel River, Cheddar Gorge, ..., Cheddar Man, Cissbury Ring, Clactonian, Common Brittonic, Copper, Cornwall, Cremation, Creswell Crags, Creswellian culture, Currency, Cursus, Danes Graves, Dartmoor, Deepcar, Devon, Dog, Doggerland, Dumnonia, Eartham Pit, Boxgrove, Elephant, English Channel, Equus (genus), Essex, Estonians, Ethnic groups in Europe, Europe, Excarnation, Fahrenheit, Finns, France, Gaul, Genetic history of the British Isles, Germanic peoples, Glacier, Gold, Gough's Cave, Great Orme, Grime's Graves, Grooved ware, Hallstatt culture, Haplogroup U (mtDNA), Happisburgh, Happisburgh footprints, Hare, Henge, Hertfordshire, Hillfort, Hippopotamus, Holocene, Homo, Homo antecessor, Homo heidelbergensis, Howick house, Hoxnian Stage, Hunter-gatherer, Industry (archaeology), Inner Hebrides, Interglacial, Iron, Iron Age, Ironwork, Jersey, Julius Caesar, Kent, Kents Cavern, La Cotte de St Brelade, Lancashire, Last Glacial Maximum, Levallois technique, List of human evolution fossils, List of prehistoric structures in Great Britain, Long barrow, Maeshowe, Mammoth, Marine isotope stage, Mediterranean Sea, Mendip, Mesolithic, Metal, Microlith, Migrationism and diffusionism, Mining, Mitochondrial DNA, Moose, Mount Batten, Neanderthal, Near East, Neolithic, Neolithic long house, Neolithic Revolution, Norfolk, Northern Europe, Northumberland, Orkney, Oronsay, Inner Hebrides, Outburst flood, Pakefield, Paleolithic, Parisi (Yorkshire), Paul Pettitt, Phil Gibbard, Pine, Plough, Poulton-le-Fylde, Prehistoric warfare, Purfleet, Pytheas, Red deer, Red Lady of Paviland, Reindeer, Rhinoceros, River Thames, Roe deer, Roman Britain, Roman conquest of Britain, Roman Empire, Salisbury Plain, Sami people, Sea Peoples, Seahenge, Seine, Sheffield, Silbury Hill, Silver, Skara Brae, Smelting, Somerset, Somerset Levels, Star Carr, Stone circle, Stone row, Stone tool, Stonehenge, Strabo, Suffolk, Sussex, Swanscombe, Swanscombe Heritage Park, Sweet Track, Timeline of prehistoric Britain, Tin, Town, Tumulus, Tundra, Urn, Wales, Weald–Artois Anticline, Welsh language, Wessex culture, Wetwang Slack, Wild boar, Wild horse, Wolstonian Stage, Woodland, Y chromosome, Yorkshire, Younger Dryas, 8.2 kiloyear event. Expand index (158 more) »
Acheulean
Acheulean (also Acheulian and Mode II), from the French acheuléen, is an archaeological industry of stone tool manufacture characterized by distinctive oval and pear-shaped "hand-axes" associated with Homo erectus and derived species such as Homo heidelbergensis.
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Adze
The adze (alternative spelling: adz) is a cutting tool shaped somewhat like an axe that dates back to the stone age.
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Africa
Africa is the world's second largest and second most-populous continent (behind Asia in both categories).
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Agriculture
Agriculture is the cultivation of land and breeding of animals and plants to provide food, fiber, medicinal plants and other products to sustain and enhance life.
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Ahrensburg culture
The Ahrensburg culture or Ahrensburgian (c.12,900 to 11,700 BP) was a late Upper Paleolithic nomadic hunter culture (or technocomplex) in north-central Europe during the Younger Dryas, the last spell of cold at the end of the Weichsel glaciation resulting in deforestation and the formation of a tundra with bushy arctic white birch and rowan.
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Alder
Alder is the common name of a genus of flowering plants (Alnus) belonging to the birch family Betulaceae.
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Amber
Amber is fossilized tree resin, which has been appreciated for its color and natural beauty since Neolithic times.
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Ancient Greece
Ancient Greece was a civilization belonging to a period of Greek history from the Greek Dark Ages of the 13th–9th centuries BC to the end of antiquity (AD 600).
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Ancient Rome
In historiography, ancient Rome is Roman civilization from the founding of the city of Rome in the 8th century BC to the collapse of the Western Roman Empire in the 5th century AD, encompassing the Roman Kingdom, Roman Republic and Roman Empire until the fall of the western empire.
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Anglian stage
The Anglian Stage is the name used in the British Isles for a middle Pleistocene glaciation.
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Anno Domini
The terms anno Domini (AD) and before Christ (BC) are used to label or number years in the Julian and Gregorian calendars.
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Archaeogenetics
Archaeogenetics is the study of ancient DNA using various molecular genetic methods and DNA resources.
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Archaeological culture
An archaeological culture is a recurring assemblage of artifacts from a specific time and place that may constitute the material culture remains of a particular past human society.
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Archaeological record
The archaeological record is the body of physical (not written) evidence about the past.
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Archaeology
Archaeology, or archeology, is the study of humanactivity through the recovery and analysis of material culture.
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Arras culture
The Arras culture is an archaeological culture of the Middle Iron Age in East Yorkshire, England.
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Aurochs
The aurochs (or; pl. aurochs, or rarely aurochsen, aurochses), also known as urus or ure (Bos primigenius), is an extinct species of large wild cattle that inhabited Europe, Asia, and North Africa.
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Avebury
Avebury is a Neolithic henge monument containing three stone circles, around the village of Avebury in Wiltshire, in southwest England.
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Avienus
Avienus was a Latin writer of the 4th century AD.
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Axe
An axe (British English or ax (American English; see spelling differences) is an implement that has been used for millennia to shape, split and cut wood; to harvest timber; as a weapon; and as a ceremonial or heraldic symbol. The axe has many forms and specialised uses but generally consists of an axe head with a handle, or helve. Before the modern axe, the stone-age hand axe was used from 1.5 million years BP without a handle. It was later fastened to a wooden handle. The earliest examples of handled axes have heads of stone with some form of wooden handle attached (hafted) in a method to suit the available materials and use. Axes made of copper, bronze, iron and steel appeared as these technologies developed. Axes are usually composed of a head and a handle. The axe is an example of a simple machine, as it is a type of wedge, or dual inclined plane. This reduces the effort needed by the wood chopper. It splits the wood into two parts by the pressure concentration at the blade. The handle of the axe also acts as a lever allowing the user to increase the force at the cutting edge—not using the full length of the handle is known as choking the axe. For fine chopping using a side axe this sometimes is a positive effect, but for felling with a double bitted axe it reduces efficiency. Generally, cutting axes have a shallow wedge angle, whereas splitting axes have a deeper angle. Most axes are double bevelled, i.e. symmetrical about the axis of the blade, but some specialist broadaxes have a single bevel blade, and usually an offset handle that allows them to be used for finishing work without putting the user's knuckles at risk of injury. Less common today, they were once an integral part of a joiner and carpenter's tool kit, not just a tool for use in forestry. A tool of similar origin is the billhook. However, in France and Holland, the billhook often replaced the axe as a joiner's bench tool. Most modern axes have steel heads and wooden handles, typically hickory in the US and ash in Europe and Asia, although plastic or fibreglass handles are also common. Modern axes are specialised by use, size and form. Hafted axes with short handles designed for use with one hand are often called hand axes but the term hand axe refers to axes without handles as well. Hatchets tend to be small hafted axes often with a hammer on the back side (the poll). As easy-to-make weapons, axes have frequently been used in combat.
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Baltic region
The terms Baltic region, Baltic Rim countries (or simply Baltic Rim), and the Baltic Sea countries refer to slightly different combinations of countries in the general area surrounding the Baltic Sea in Northern Europe.
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Bantham
Bantham is a coastal village in south Devon, England.
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Barry Cunliffe
Sir Barrington Windsor Cunliffe (born 10 December 1939), known as Barry Cunliffe, is a British archaeologist and academic.
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Bølling-Allerød warming
The Bølling-Allerød interstadial was an abrupt warm and moist interstadial period that occurred during the final stages of the last glacial period.
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Beaker (archaeology)
A beaker is a small ceramic or metal drinking vessel shaped to be held in the hands.
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Beaker culture
The Bell-Beaker culture (sometimes shortened to Beaker culture), is the term for a widely scattered archaeological culture of prehistoric western and Central Europe, starting in the late Neolithic or Chalcolithic and running into the early Bronze Age (in British terminology).
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Before Present
Before Present (BP) years is a time scale used mainly in geology and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred in the past.
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Belgae
The Belgae were a large Gallic-Germanic confederation of tribes living in northern Gaul, between the English Channel, the west bank of the Rhine, and northern bank of the river Seine, from at least the third century BC.
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Belgium
Belgium, officially the Kingdom of Belgium, is a country in Western Europe bordered by France, the Netherlands, Germany and Luxembourg.
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Birch
A birch is a thin-leaved deciduous hardwood tree of the genus Betula, in the family Betulaceae, which also includes alders, hazels, and hornbeams.
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Bog
A bog is a wetland that accumulates peat, a deposit of dead plant material—often mosses, and in a majority of cases, sphagnum moss.
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Bontnewydd Palaeolithic site
The Bontnewydd palaeolithic site (also known in its unmutated form as Pontnewydd Welsh language: 'New bridge') is an archaeological site near St Asaph, Denbighshire, Wales which has yielded one of the earliest known remains of Neanderthals in Britain.
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Bouldnor Cliff
Bouldnor Cliff is a submerged prehistoric settlement site in the Solent.
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Bout-coupé
In archaeology, a bout-coupé is a type of handaxe that constituted part of the Neanderthal Mousterian industry of the Middle Palaeolithic.
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Boxgrove
Boxgrove is a village and civil parish in the Chichester District of the English county of West Sussex, about five kilometres (3.5 miles) north east of the city of Chichester.
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Bronze
Bronze is an alloy consisting primarily of copper, commonly with about 12% tin and often with the addition of other metals (such as aluminium, manganese, nickel or zinc) and sometimes non-metals or metalloids such as arsenic, phosphorus or silicon.
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Bronze Age
The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.
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Burial
Burial or interment is the ritual act of placing a dead person or animal, sometimes with objects, into the ground.
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Bytham River
The Bytham River was one of the great Pleistocene rivers of central and eastern England until it was destroyed by the advancing ice sheets of the Anglian Glaciation around 450,000 years ago.
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Cannibalism
Cannibalism is the act of one individual of a species consuming all or part of another individual of the same species as food.
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Causewayed enclosure
A causewayed enclosure is a type of large prehistoric earthwork common to the early Neolithic in Europe.
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Cave painting
Cave paintings, also known as parietal art, are painted drawings on cave walls or ceilings, mainly of prehistoric origin, beginning roughly 40,000 years ago (around 38,000 BCE) in Eurasia.
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Celsius
The Celsius scale, previously known as the centigrade scale, is a temperature scale used by the International System of Units (SI).
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Celtic Britons
The Britons, also known as Celtic Britons or Ancient Britons, were Celtic people who inhabited Great Britain from the British Iron Age into the Middle Ages, at which point their culture and language diverged into the modern Welsh, Cornish and Bretons (among others).
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Celtic languages
The Celtic languages are a group of related languages descended from Proto-Celtic, or "Common Celtic"; a branch of the greater Indo-European language family.
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Celts
The Celts (see pronunciation of ''Celt'' for different usages) were an Indo-European people in Iron Age and Medieval Europe who spoke Celtic languages and had cultural similarities, although the relationship between ethnic, linguistic and cultural factors in the Celtic world remains uncertain and controversial.
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Cemetery
A cemetery or graveyard is a place where the remains of dead people are buried or otherwise interred.
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Chamber tomb
A chamber tomb is a tomb for burial used in many different cultures.
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Channel River
The Channel River was the extension of the river Rhine in modern-day Netherlands, the River Thames in modern-day England and other rivers into what is now the English Channel during periods of low sea level during the ice ages.
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Cheddar Gorge
Cheddar Gorge is a limestone gorge in the Mendip Hills, near the village of Cheddar, Somerset, England.
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Cheddar Man
Cheddar Man is a human male fossil found in Gough's Cave in Cheddar Gorge, Somerset, England.
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Cissbury Ring
Cissbury Ring is a hill fort on the South Downs, in the borough of Worthing, England, and about from its town centre, in the county of West Sussex.
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Clactonian
The Clactonian is the name given by archaeologists to an industry of European flint tool manufacture that dates to the early part of the interglacial period known as the Hoxnian, the Mindel-Riss or the Holstein stages (c. 400,000 years ago).
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Common Brittonic
Common Brittonic was an ancient Celtic language spoken in Britain.
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Copper
Copper is a chemical element with symbol Cu (from cuprum) and atomic number 29.
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Cornwall
Cornwall (Kernow) is a county in South West England in the United Kingdom.
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Cremation
Cremation is the combustion, vaporization, and oxidation of cadavers to basic chemical compounds, such as gases, ashes and mineral fragments retaining the appearance of dry bone.
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Creswell Crags
Creswell Crags is an enclosed limestone gorge on the border between Derbyshire and Nottinghamshire, England, near the villages of Creswell and Whitwell.
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Creswellian culture
The Creswellian is a British Upper Palaeolithic culture named after the type site of Creswell Crags in Derbyshire by Dorothy Garrod in 1926.
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Currency
A currency (from curraunt, "in circulation", from currens, -entis), in the most specific use of the word, refers to money in any form when in actual use or circulation as a medium of exchange, especially circulating banknotes and coins.
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Cursus
Stonehenge Cursus, Wiltshire Dorset Cursus terminal on Thickthorn Down, Dorset Cursus monuments are Neolithic structures which represent some of the oldest prehistoric monumental structures of the Islands of Britain and Ireland.
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Danes Graves
Danes Graves is an archaeological site in the East Riding of Yorkshire.
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Dartmoor
Dartmoor is a moor in southern Devon, England.
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Deepcar
Deepcar is a village located on the eastern fringe of the town of Stocksbridge, in the electoral ward of Stocksbridge and Upper Don, 7 miles approximately northwest of Sheffield city centre.
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Devon
Devon, also known as Devonshire, which was formerly its common and official name, is a county of England, reaching from the Bristol Channel in the north to the English Channel in the south.
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Dog
The domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris when considered a subspecies of the gray wolf or Canis familiaris when considered a distinct species) is a member of the genus Canis (canines), which forms part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.
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Doggerland
Doggerland is the name of a land mass now beneath the southern North Sea that connected Great Britain to continental Europe.
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Dumnonia
Dumnonia is the Latinised name for the Brythonic kingdom in Sub-Roman Britain between the late 4th and late 8th centuries, in what is now the more westerly parts of South West England.
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Eartham Pit, Boxgrove
Amey's Eartham Pit is the original name for the internationally important Lower Palaeolithic archaeological site of Boxgrove in the English county of West Sussex.
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Elephant
Elephants are large mammals of the family Elephantidae and the order Proboscidea.
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English Channel
The English Channel (la Manche, "The Sleeve"; Ärmelkanal, "Sleeve Channel"; Mor Breizh, "Sea of Brittany"; Mor Bretannek, "Sea of Brittany"), also called simply the Channel, is the body of water that separates southern England from northern France and links the southern part of the North Sea to the Atlantic Ocean.
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Equus (genus)
Equus is a genus of mammals in the family Equidae, which includes horses, donkeys, and zebras.
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Essex
Essex is a county in the East of England.
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Estonians
Estonians (eestlased) are a Finnic ethnic group native to Estonia who speak the Estonian language.
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Ethnic groups in Europe
The Indigenous peoples of Europe are the focus of European ethnology, the field of anthropology related to the various indigenous groups that reside in the nations of Europe.
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Europe
Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.
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Excarnation
In archaeology and anthropology, the term excarnation (also known as defleshing) refers to the practice of removing the flesh and organs of the dead before burial, leaving only the bones.
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Fahrenheit
The Fahrenheit scale is a temperature scale based on one proposed in 1724 by Dutch-German-Polish physicist Daniel Gabriel Fahrenheit (1686–1736).
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Finns
Finns or Finnish people (suomalaiset) are a Finnic ethnic group native to Finland.
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France
France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.
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Gaul
Gaul (Latin: Gallia) was a region of Western Europe during the Iron Age that was inhabited by Celtic tribes, encompassing present day France, Luxembourg, Belgium, most of Switzerland, Northern Italy, as well as the parts of the Netherlands and Germany on the west bank of the Rhine.
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Genetic history of the British Isles
The genetic history of the British Isles is the subject of research within the larger field of human population genetics.
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Germanic peoples
The Germanic peoples (also called Teutonic, Suebian, or Gothic in older literature) are an Indo-European ethno-linguistic group of Northern European origin.
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Glacier
A glacier is a persistent body of dense ice that is constantly moving under its own weight; it forms where the accumulation of snow exceeds its ablation (melting and sublimation) over many years, often centuries.
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Gold
Gold is a chemical element with symbol Au (from aurum) and atomic number 79, making it one of the higher atomic number elements that occur naturally.
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Gough's Cave
Gough's Cave is located in Cheddar Gorge on the Mendip Hills, in Cheddar, Somerset, England.
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Great Orme
The Great Orme or Great Orme's Head (Y Gogarth or Pen y Gogarth) is a prominent limestone headland on the north coast of Wales, next to the town of Llandudno.
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Grime's Graves
Grime's Graves is a large Neolithic flint mining complex in Norfolk, England.
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Grooved ware
Grooved ware is the name given to a pottery style of the British Neolithic.
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Hallstatt culture
The Hallstatt culture was the predominant Western and Central European culture of Early Iron Age Europe from the 8th to 6th centuries BC, developing out of the Urnfield culture of the 12th century BC (Late Bronze Age) and followed in much of its area by the La Tène culture.
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Haplogroup U (mtDNA)
Haplogroup U is a human mitochondrial DNA haplogroup (mtDNA).
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Happisburgh
Happisburgh is a village and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk.
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Happisburgh footprints
The Happisburgh footprints were a set of fossilized hominid footprints that date to the early Pleistocene.
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Hare
Hares and jackrabbits are leporids belonging to the genus Lepus.
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Henge
There are three related types of Neolithic earthwork that are all sometimes loosely called henges.
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Hertfordshire
Hertfordshire (often abbreviated Herts) is a county in southern England, bordered by Bedfordshire to the north, Cambridgeshire to the north-east, Essex to the east, Buckinghamshire to the west and Greater London to the south.
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Hillfort
A hillfort is a type of earthworks used as a fortified refuge or defended settlement, located to exploit a rise in elevation for defensive advantage.
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Hippopotamus
The common hippopotamus (Hippopotamus amphibius), or hippo, is a large, mostly herbivorous, semiaquatic mammal native to sub-Saharan Africa, and one of only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae, the other being the pygmy hippopotamus (Choeropsis liberiensis or Hexaprotodon liberiensis).
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Holocene
The Holocene is the current geological epoch.
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Homo
Homo (Latin homō "human being") is the genus that encompasses the extant species Homo sapiens (modern humans), plus several extinct species classified as either ancestral to or closely related to modern humans (depending on a species), most notably Homo erectus and Homo neanderthalensis.
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Homo antecessor
Homo antecessor is an extinct archaic human species (or subspecies) of the Lower Paleolithic, known to have been present in Western Europe (Spain, England and France) between about 1.2 million and 0.8 million years ago (Mya).
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Homo heidelbergensis
Homo heidelbergensis is an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans in the genus Homo of the Middle Pleistocene (between about 700,000 and 200,000-300,000 years ago), known from fossils found in Southern Africa, East Africa and Europe.
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Howick house
The Howick house Mesolithic site was found when an amateur archaeologist noticed flint tools eroding out of a sandy cliff face near the village of Howick in Northumberland, England.
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Hoxnian Stage
The Hoxnian Stage is a middle Pleistocene stage (Pleistocene from 2.588 million (±.005) to 11,700 years BP) of the geological history of the British Isles.
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Hunter-gatherer
A hunter-gatherer is a human living in a society in which most or all food is obtained by foraging (collecting wild plants and pursuing wild animals), in contrast to agricultural societies, which rely mainly on domesticated species.
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Industry (archaeology)
In the archaeology of the Stone Age, an industry or technocomplex is a typological classification of stone tools.
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Inner Hebrides
The Inner Hebrides (Scottish Gaelic: Na h-Eileanan a-staigh, "the inner isles") is an archipelago off the west coast of mainland Scotland, to the south east of the Outer Hebrides.
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Interglacial
An interglacial period (or alternatively interglacial, interglaciation) is a geological interval of warmer global average temperature lasting thousands of years that separates consecutive glacial periods within an ice age.
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Iron
Iron is a chemical element with symbol Fe (from ferrum) and atomic number 26.
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Iron Age
The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age system, preceded by the Stone Age (Neolithic) and the Bronze Age.
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Ironwork
Ironwork is any weapon, artwork, utensil or architectural feature made of iron especially used for decoration.
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Jersey
Jersey (Jèrriais: Jèrri), officially the Bailiwick of Jersey (Bailliage de Jersey; Jèrriais: Bailliage dé Jèrri), is a Crown dependency located near the coast of Normandy, France.
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Julius Caesar
Gaius Julius Caesar (12 or 13 July 100 BC – 15 March 44 BC), known by his cognomen Julius Caesar, was a Roman politician and military general who played a critical role in the events that led to the demise of the Roman Republic and the rise of the Roman Empire.
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Kent
Kent is a county in South East England and one of the home counties.
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Kents Cavern
Kents Cavern is a cave system in Torquay, Devon, England.
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La Cotte de St Brelade
La Cotte de St Brelade is a Paleolithic site of early habitation in Saint Brélade, Jersey.
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Lancashire
Lancashire (abbreviated Lancs.) is a county in north west England.
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Last Glacial Maximum
In the Earth's climate history the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) was the last time period during the last glacial period when ice sheets were at their greatest extension.
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Levallois technique
The Levallois technique is a name given by archaeologists to a distinctive type of stone knapping developed by precursors to modern humans during the Palaeolithic period.
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List of human evolution fossils
The following tables give a brief overview of several notable hominin fossil finds relating to human evolution beginning with the formation of the Hominini tribe in the late Miocene (roughly 6 million years ago).
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List of prehistoric structures in Great Britain
There are many prehistoric sites and structures of interest remaining from prehistoric Britain.
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Long barrow
A long barrow is a rectangular or trapezoidal tumulus; that is, a prehistoric mound of earth and stones built over a grave or group of graves.
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Maeshowe
Maeshowe (or Maes Howe; Norse: Orkhaugr) is a Neolithic chambered cairn and passage grave situated on Mainland Orkney, Scotland.
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Mammoth
A mammoth is any species of the extinct genus Mammuthus, proboscideans commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair.
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Marine isotope stage
Marine isotope stages (MIS), marine oxygen-isotope stages, or oxygen isotope stages (OIS), are alternating warm and cool periods in the Earth's paleoclimate, deduced from oxygen isotope data reflecting changes in temperature derived from data from deep sea core samples.
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Mediterranean Sea
The Mediterranean Sea is a sea connected to the Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by the Mediterranean Basin and almost completely enclosed by land: on the north by Southern Europe and Anatolia, on the south by North Africa and on the east by the Levant.
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Mendip
Mendip is a local government district of Somerset in England.
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Mesolithic
In Old World archaeology, Mesolithic (Greek: μέσος, mesos "middle"; λίθος, lithos "stone") is the period between the Upper Paleolithic and the Neolithic.
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Metal
A metal (from Greek μέταλλον métallon, "mine, quarry, metal") is a material (an element, compound, or alloy) that is typically hard when in solid state, opaque, shiny, and has good electrical and thermal conductivity.
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Microlith
A microlith is a small stone tool usually made of flint or chert and typically a centimetre or so in length and half a centimetre wide.
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Migrationism and diffusionism
In the history of archaeological theory the term migrationism was opposed to the term diffusionism (or "immobilism") as a means of distinguishing two approaches to explaining the spread of prehistoric archaeological cultures and innovations in artefact.
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Mining
Mining is the extraction of valuable minerals or other geological materials from the earth, usually from an orebody, lode, vein, seam, reef or placer deposit.
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Mitochondrial DNA
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA or mDNA) is the DNA located in mitochondria, cellular organelles within eukaryotic cells that convert chemical energy from food into a form that cells can use, adenosine triphosphate (ATP).
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Moose
The moose (North America) or elk (Eurasia), Alces alces, is the largest extant species in the deer family.
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Mount Batten
Mount Batten is a 24-metre (80-ft) tall outcrop of rock on a 600-metre (2000-ft) peninsula in Plymouth Sound, Devon, England, named after Sir William Batten (c.1600-1667), MP and Surveyor of the Navy.
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Neanderthal
Neanderthals (also; also Neanderthal Man, taxonomically Homo neanderthalensis or Homo sapiens neanderthalensis) are an extinct species or subspecies of archaic humans in the genus Homo, who lived in Eurasia during at least 430,000 to 38,000 years ago.
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Near East
The Near East is a geographical term that roughly encompasses Western Asia.
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Neolithic
The Neolithic was a period in the development of human technology, beginning about 10,200 BC, according to the ASPRO chronology, in some parts of Western Asia, and later in other parts of the world and ending between 4500 and 2000 BC.
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Neolithic long house
The 'Neolithic long house' was a long, narrow timber dwelling built by the first farmers in Europe beginning at least as early as the period 5000 to 6000 BC.
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Neolithic Revolution
The Neolithic Revolution, Neolithic Demographic Transition, Agricultural Revolution, or First Agricultural Revolution, was the wide-scale transition of many human cultures during the Neolithic period from a lifestyle of hunting and gathering to one of agriculture and settlement, making an increasingly larger population possible.
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Norfolk
Norfolk is a county in East Anglia in England.
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Northern Europe
Northern Europe is the general term for the geographical region in Europe that is approximately north of the southern coast of the Baltic Sea.
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Northumberland
Northumberland (abbreviated Northd) is a county in North East England.
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Orkney
Orkney (Orkneyjar), also known as the Orkney Islands, is an archipelago in the Northern Isles of Scotland, situated off the north coast of Great Britain.
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Oronsay, Inner Hebrides
Oronsay (Scottish Gaelic: Orasaigh), also sometimes spelt and pronounced Oransay by the local community, is a small tidal island south of Colonsay in the Scottish Inner Hebrides with an area of.
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Outburst flood
In geomorphology, an outburst flood, which is a type of megaflood, is a high-magnitude, low-frequency catastrophic flood involving the sudden release of water.
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Pakefield
Pakefield is a suburb of the town of Lowestoft in the Waveney District of the English county of Suffolk.
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Paleolithic
The Paleolithic or Palaeolithic is a period in human prehistory distinguished by the original development of stone tools that covers c. 95% of human technological prehistory.
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Parisi (Yorkshire)
The Parisi were a British Celtic tribe located somewhere within the present-day East Riding of Yorkshire, in England, known from a single brief reference by Ptolemy in his Geographica of about AD 150.
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Paul Pettitt
Paul Barry Pettitt, FSA is a British archaeologist and academic.
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Phil Gibbard
Philip Leonard Gibbard (born 1949 in Chiswick, London) is a Quaternary geologist and has been Professor of Quaternary Palaeoenvironments in the University of Cambridge, Department of Geography since 2005.
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Pine
A pine is any conifer in the genus Pinus,, of the family Pinaceae.
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Plough
A plough (UK) or plow (US; both) is a tool or farm implement used in farming for initial cultivation of soil in preparation for sowing seed or planting to loosen or turn the soil.
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Poulton-le-Fylde
Poulton-le-Fylde, commonly abbreviated to Poulton, is a market town in Lancashire, England, situated on the coastal plain called the Fylde.
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Prehistoric warfare
Prehistoric warfare refers to war that occurred between societies without recorded history.
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Purfleet
Purfleet is a town in the Thurrock unitary authority in Essex, England.
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Pytheas
Pytheas of Massalia (Ancient Greek: Πυθέας ὁ Μασσαλιώτης Pythéas ho Massaliōtēs; Latin: Pytheas Massiliensis; fl. 4th century BC), was a Greek geographer and explorer from the Greek colony of Massalia (modern-day Marseille).
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Red deer
The red deer (Cervus elaphus) is one of the largest deer species.
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Red Lady of Paviland
The Red Lady of Paviland is a male Upper Paleolithic partial skeleton dyed in red ochre and buried in Britain 33,000 BP.
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Reindeer
The reindeer (Rangifer tarandus), also known as the caribou in North America, is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, sub-Arctic, tundra, boreal and mountainous regions of northern Europe, Siberia and North America.
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Rhinoceros
A rhinoceros, commonly abbreviated to rhino, is one of any five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae, as well as any of the numerous extinct species.
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River Thames
The River Thames is a river that flows through southern England, most notably through London.
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Roe deer
The European roe deer (Capreolus capreolus), also known as the western roe deer, chevreuil, or simply roe deer or roe, is a Eurasian species of deer.
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Roman Britain
Roman Britain (Britannia or, later, Britanniae, "the Britains") was the area of the island of Great Britain that was governed by the Roman Empire, from 43 to 410 AD.
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Roman conquest of Britain
The Roman conquest of Britain was a gradual process, beginning effectively in AD 43 under Emperor Claudius, whose general Aulus Plautius served as first governor of Roman Britain (Britannia).
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Roman Empire
The Roman Empire (Imperium Rōmānum,; Koine and Medieval Greek: Βασιλεία τῶν Ῥωμαίων, tr.) was the post-Roman Republic period of the ancient Roman civilization, characterized by government headed by emperors and large territorial holdings around the Mediterranean Sea in Europe, Africa and Asia.
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Salisbury Plain
Salisbury Plain is a chalk plateau in the south western part of central southern England covering.
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Sami people
The Sami people (also known as the Sámi or the Saami) are a Finno-Ugric people inhabiting Sápmi, which today encompasses large parts of Norway and Sweden, northern parts of Finland, and the Murmansk Oblast of Russia.
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Sea Peoples
The Sea Peoples are a purported seafaring confederation that attacked ancient Egypt and other regions of the East Mediterranean prior to and during the Late Bronze Age collapse (1200–900 BC).
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Seahenge
Seahenge, which is also known as Holme I, was a prehistoric monument located in the village of Holme-next-the-Sea, near Old Hunstanton in the English county of Norfolk.
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Seine
The Seine (La Seine) is a river and an important commercial waterway within the Paris Basin in the north of France.
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Sheffield
Sheffield is a city and metropolitan borough in South Yorkshire, England.
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Silbury Hill
Silbury Hill is a prehistoric artificial chalk mound near Avebury in the English county of Wiltshire.
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Silver
Silver is a chemical element with symbol Ag (from the Latin argentum, derived from the Proto-Indo-European ''h₂erǵ'': "shiny" or "white") and atomic number 47.
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Skara Brae
Skara Brae is a stone-built Neolithic settlement, located on the Bay of Skaill on the west coast of Mainland, the largest island in the Orkney archipelago of Scotland.
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Smelting
Smelting is a process of applying heat to ore in order to melt out a base metal.
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Somerset
Somerset (or archaically, Somersetshire) is a county in South West England which borders Gloucestershire and Bristol to the north, Wiltshire to the east, Dorset to the south-east and Devon to the south-west.
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Somerset Levels
The Somerset Levels are a coastal plain and wetland area of Somerset, South West England, running south from the Mendips to the Blackdown Hills.
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Star Carr
Star Carr is a Mesolithic archaeological site in North Yorkshire, England.
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Stone circle
A stone circle is an alignment of standing stones arranged in a circle.
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Stone row
A stone row (or stone alignment), is a linear arrangement of upright, parallel megalithic standing stones set at intervals along a common axis or series of axes, usually dating from the later Neolithic or Bronze Age.
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Stone tool
A stone tool is, in the most general sense, any tool made either partially or entirely out of stone.
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Stonehenge
Stonehenge is a prehistoric monument in Wiltshire, England, west of Amesbury.
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Strabo
Strabo (Στράβων Strábōn; 64 or 63 BC AD 24) was a Greek geographer, philosopher, and historian who lived in Asia Minor during the transitional period of the Roman Republic into the Roman Empire.
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Suffolk
Suffolk is an East Anglian county of historic origin in England.
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Sussex
Sussex, from the Old English Sūþsēaxe (South Saxons), is a historic county in South East England corresponding roughly in area to the ancient Kingdom of Sussex.
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Swanscombe
Swanscombe is a small town in the Dartford Borough of Kent.
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Swanscombe Heritage Park
Swanscombe Skull Site or Swanscombe Heritage Park is a geological Site of Special Scientific Interest Swanscombe in north-west Kent.
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Sweet Track
The Sweet Track is an ancient causeway in the Somerset Levels, England.
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Timeline of prehistoric Britain
Events from the prehistory of Britain (to 1 BC).
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Tin
Tin is a chemical element with the symbol Sn (from stannum) and atomic number 50.
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Town
A town is a human settlement.
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Tumulus
A tumulus (plural tumuli) is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves.
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Tundra
In physical geography, tundra is a type of biome where the tree growth is hindered by low temperatures and short growing seasons.
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Urn
An urn is a vase, often with a cover, that usually has a somewhat narrowed neck above a rounded body and a footed pedestal.
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Wales
Wales (Cymru) is a country that is part of the United Kingdom and the island of Great Britain.
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Weald–Artois Anticline
The Weald–Artois anticline is a large anticline, a geological structure running between the regions of the Weald in southern England and Artois in northeastern France.
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Welsh language
Welsh (Cymraeg or y Gymraeg) is a member of the Brittonic branch of the Celtic languages.
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Wessex culture
The Wessex culture is the predominant prehistoric culture of central and southern Britain during the early Bronze Age, originally defined by the British archaeologist Stuart Piggott in 1938.
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Wetwang Slack
Wetwang Slack is an Iron Age archaeological site containing remains of the Arras culture and chariot burial tradition of East Yorkshire.
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Wild boar
The wild boar (Sus scrofa), also known as the wild swine,Heptner, V. G.; Nasimovich, A. A.; Bannikov, A. G.; Hoffman, R. S. (1988), Volume I, Washington, D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Libraries and National Science Foundation, pp.
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Wild horse
The wild horse (Equus ferus) is a species of the genus ''Equus'', which includes as subspecies the modern domesticated horse (Equus ferus caballus) as well as the undomesticated tarpan (Equus ferus ferus, now extinct), and the endangered Przewalski's horse (Equus ferus przewalskii).
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Wolstonian Stage
The Wolstonian Stage is a middle Pleistocene stage of the geological history of earth that precedes the Ipswichian Stage (Eemian Stage in Europe) and follows the Hoxnian Stage in the British Isles.
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Woodland
Woodland, is a low-density forest forming open habitats with plenty of sunlight and limited shade.
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Y chromosome
The Y chromosome is one of two sex chromosomes (allosomes) in mammals, including humans, and many other animals.
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Yorkshire
Yorkshire (abbreviated Yorks), formally known as the County of York, is a historic county of Northern England and the largest in the United Kingdom.
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Younger Dryas
The Younger Dryas (c. 12,900 to c. 11,700 years BP) was a return to glacial conditions which temporarily reversed the gradual climatic warming after the Last Glacial Maximum started receding around 20,000 BP.
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8.2 kiloyear event
In climatology, the 8.2-kiloyear event was a sudden decrease in global temperatures that occurred approximately 8,200 years before the present, or c. 6,200 BC, and which lasted for the next two to four centuries.
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Redirects here:
Ancient Britain, Ancient britain, Archaeology of Great Britain, British Mesolithic, British prehistory, Celtic immigration to the British Isles, First native Britons, Lower Paleolithic Britain, Pre-Roman England, Prehistory of Britain, Upper Palaeolithic Britain.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoric_Britain
