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Polyvinyl chloride

Index Polyvinyl chloride

Polyvinyl chloride, also known as polyvinyl or '''vinyl''', commonly abbreviated PVC, is the world's third-most widely produced synthetic plastic polymer, after polyethylene and polypropylene. [1]

158 relations: Adhesive, Alternative fashion, Angiosarcoma, Ansell, Apron, Artificial leather, ASME, Aspergillus fumigatus, Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus sydowii, Autocatalysis, B. Braun Melsungen, Benzisothiazolinone, Benzyl butyl phthalate, Bisphenol A, Bulk polymerization, Calcium stearate, Calendering (textiles), Canvas, Cast iron, Chloride, Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride, Clapboard (architecture), Closed-cell PVC foamboard, Clothing fetish, Compressive strength, Computer, Construction, Contrabass flute, Dehydrohalogenation, Density, Dignity Health, Disposable product, Downspout, Drainage, Ecological footprint, Elastic modulus, Electrical cable, Electrical resistivity and conductivity, Emulsion polymerization, Environmental impact statement, Eugen Baumann, Exothermic process, Extrusion coating, Fascia (architecture), Fatty acid, Fire retardant, Flexural strength, Flooring, Flue gas, ..., Fritz Klatte, Glass transition, Goodrich Corporation, Goth subculture, Hazard, Healthy Building Network, Heat capacity, Heavy metals, Hemangiosarcoma, High-density polyethylene, Honda, Hydrogen chloride, Incineration, Insulated glazing, Insulator (electricity), Ivan Ostromislensky, Jacket, Joule, Kaiser Permanente, Kelvin, Landfill Directive, Landfill fire, Latex, Lead, Leather, Lentinus tigrinus, Limiting oxygen index, London Stadium, Louisville, Kentucky, Low smoke zero halogen, Medical glove, Melting point, Microplastics, Molar mass distribution, Monomer, Natural rubber, Nissan, Nitrile rubber, Olympic Delivery Authority, Outgassing, Parts-per notation, Peroxide, Persistent organic pollutant, Phanerochaete, Phonograph record, Phthalate, Plastic, Plastic pipework, Plastic pollution, Plastic recycling, Plasticity (physics), Plasticizer, Plotter, Plumbing, Polyethylene, Polymer, Polymer clay, Polymerization, Polypropylene, Polyvinyl fluoride, Polyvinylidene chloride, Polyvinylidene fluoride, Punk rock, PVC clothing, PVC decking, Racing stripe, Radical (chemistry), Radical polymerization, Rain gutter, Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals, Republic of Ireland, Royal Artillery Barracks, Rubber and PVC fetishism, Sheet resistance, Siding, Signage, Sill plate, Stabilizer (chemistry), Sticker, Suspension polymerization, Tacticity, Tarpaulin, Teck cable, Tetrahydrofuran, Thermal conductivity, Thermal expansion, Thermoplastic, Thermostability, Three-dimensional space, Toyota, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, Ultraviolet, Vicat softening point, Vinyl chloride, Vinyl cutter, Vinyl polymer, Vinyl roof membrane, Vinyl siding, Vinyloop, Waldo Semon, Water Polo Arena, Water supply, Waterproofing, Wide-format printer, Wire rope, Yield (engineering), Young's modulus, 2012 Summer Olympics. Expand index (108 more) »

Adhesive

An adhesive, also known as glue, cement, mucilage, or paste, is any substance applied to one surface, or both surfaces, of two separate items that binds them together and resists their separation.

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Alternative fashion

Alternative fashion is fashion that, at least at one time, stood apart from mainstream commercial fashion.

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Angiosarcoma

Angiosarcoma is a cancer of the cells that line the walls of blood vessels or lymphatic vessels.

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Ansell

Ansell is an Australian company which manufactures protective and medical gloves and condoms.

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Apron

An apron is a garment that is worn over other clothing and covers mainly the front of the body.

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Artificial leather

Artificial leather is a material intended to substitute for leather in fields such as upholstery, clothing, footwear and fabrics and other uses where a leather-like finish is desired but the actual material is cost-prohibitive or unsuitable.

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ASME

The American Society of Mechanical Engineers (ASME) is a professional association that, in its own words, "promotes the art, science, and practice of multidisciplinary engineering and allied sciences around the globe" via "continuing education, training and professional development, codes and standards, research, conferences and publications, government relations, and other forms of outreach." ASME is thus an engineering society, a standards organization, a research and development organization, a lobbying organization, a provider of training and education, and a nonprofit organization.

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Aspergillus fumigatus

Aspergillus fumigatus is a fungus of the genus Aspergillus, and is one of the most common Aspergillus species to cause disease in individuals with an immunodeficiency.

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Aspergillus niger

Aspergillus niger is a fungus and one of the most common species of the genus Aspergillus.

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Aspergillus sydowii

Aspergillus sydowii is a pathogenic fungus that causes several diseases in humans.

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Autocatalysis

A single chemical reaction is said to be autocatalytic if one of the reaction products is also a catalyst for the same or a coupled reaction.

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B. Braun Melsungen

B.

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Benzisothiazolinone

Benzisothiazolinone (BIT) is a widely used biocide and belongs to the group of isothiazolinones.

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Benzyl butyl phthalate

Benzyl butyl phthalate (BBP) is a phthalate, an ester of phthalic acid, benzyl alcohol, and ''n''-butanol.

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Bisphenol A

Bisphenol A (BPA) is an organic synthetic compound with the chemical formula (CH3)2C(C6H4OH)2 belonging to the group of diphenylmethane derivatives and bisphenols, with two hydroxyphenyl groups.

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Bulk polymerization

Bulk polymerization or mass polymerization is carried out by adding a soluble radical initiator to pure monomer in liquid state.

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Calcium stearate

Calcium stearate is a carboxylate of calcium, classified as a calcium soap.

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Calendering (textiles)

Calendering of textiles is a finishing process used to smooth, coat, or thin a material.

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Canvas

Canvas is an extremely durable plain-woven fabric used for making sails, tents, marquees, backpacks, and other items for which sturdiness is required.

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Cast iron

Cast iron is a group of iron-carbon alloys with a carbon content greater than 2%.

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Chloride

The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−.

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Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride

Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) is a thermoplastic produced by chlorination of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin, which is significantly more flexible and can withstand higher temperatures than standard PVC.

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Clapboard (architecture)

Clapboard or clabbard, also called bevel siding, lap siding, and weatherboard, with regional variation in the definition of these terms, is wooden siding of a building in the form of horizontal boards, often overlapping.

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Closed-cell PVC foamboard

Closed-cell PVC foamboard is a lightweight rigid material used primarily in the manufacture of signs and displays.

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Clothing fetish

Clothing fetishism or garment fetishism is a sexual fetish that revolves around a fixation upon a particular article or type of clothing, a collection of garments that appear as part of a fashion or uniform, or a person dressed in such a garment.

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Compressive strength

Compressive strength or compression strength is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to reduce size, as opposed to tensile strength, which withstands loads tending to elongate.

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Computer

A computer is a device that can be instructed to carry out sequences of arithmetic or logical operations automatically via computer programming.

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Construction

Construction is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure.

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Contrabass flute

The contrabass flute is one of the rarer members of the flute family.

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Dehydrohalogenation

Dehydrohalogenation is a chemical reaction that involves removal of (elimination of) a hydrogen halide from a substrate.

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Density

The density, or more precisely, the volumetric mass density, of a substance is its mass per unit volume.

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Dignity Health

Dignity Health is a California-based not-for-profit public-benefit corporation that operates hospitals and ancillary care facilities in 3 states.

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Disposable product

A disposable (also called disposable product) is a product designed for a single use after which it is recycled or is disposed as solid waste.

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Downspout

A downspout, waterspout, downpipe, drain spout, roof drain pipe, leader, or rone (Scotland) is a pipe for carrying rainwater from a rain gutter.

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Drainage

Drainage is the natural or artificial removal of a surface's water and sub-surface water from an area.

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Ecological footprint

The ecological footprint measures human demand on nature, i.e., the quantity of nature it takes to support people or an economy.

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Elastic modulus

An elastic modulus (also known as modulus of elasticity) is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a stress is applied to it.

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Electrical cable

An electrical cable is an assembly of one or more wires running side by side or bundled, which is used to carry electric current.

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Electrical resistivity and conductivity

Electrical resistivity (also known as resistivity, specific electrical resistance, or volume resistivity) is a fundamental property that quantifies how strongly a given material opposes the flow of electric current.

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Emulsion polymerization

Emulsion polymerization is a type of radical polymerization that usually starts with an emulsion incorporating water, monomer, and surfactant.

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Environmental impact statement

An environmental impact statement (EIS), under United States environmental law, is a document required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) for certain actions "significantly affecting the quality of the human environment".

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Eugen Baumann

Eugen Baumann (12 December 1846 – 3 November 1896) was a German chemist.

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Exothermic process

In thermodynamics, the term exothermic process (exo-: "outside") describes a process or reaction that releases energy from the system to its surroundings, usually in the form of heat, but also in a form of light (e.g. a spark, flame, or flash), electricity (e.g. a battery), or sound (e.g. explosion heard when burning hydrogen).

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Extrusion coating

Extrusion coating is the coating of a molten web of synthetic resin onto a substrate material.

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Fascia (architecture)

Fascia is an architectural term for a vertical frieze or band under a roof edge, or which forms the outer surface of a cornice, visible to an observer.

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Fatty acid

In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with a long aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated.

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Fire retardant

A fire retardant is a substance that is used to slow or stop the spread of fire or reduce its intensity.

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Flexural strength

Flexural strength, also known as modulus of rupture, or bend strength, or transverse rupture strength is a material property, defined as the stress in a material just before it yields in a flexure test.

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Flooring

Flooring is the general term for a permanent covering of a floor, or for the work of installing such a floor covering.

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Flue gas

Flue gas is the gas exiting to the atmosphere via a flue, which is a pipe or channel for conveying exhaust gases from a fireplace, oven, furnace, boiler or steam generator.

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Fritz Klatte

Fritz Klatte (28 March 1880, Diepholz – 11 February 1934) was a German chemist and the discoverer of polyvinyl acetate, with German patent (GP 281687 1912) for its preparation from acetylene gas.

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Glass transition

The glass–liquid transition, or glass transition, is the gradual and reversible transition in amorphous materials (or in amorphous regions within semicrystalline materials), from a hard and relatively brittle "glassy" state into a viscous or rubbery state as the temperature is increased.

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Goodrich Corporation

The Goodrich Corporation, formerly the B.F. Goodrich Company, was an American aerospace manufacturing company based in Charlotte, North Carolina.

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Goth subculture

The goth subculture is a music subculture that began in England during the early 1980s, where it developed from the audience of gothic rock, an offshoot of the post-punk genre.

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Hazard

A hazard is an agent which has the potential to cause harm to a vulnerable target.

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Healthy Building Network

The Healthy Building Network is an organization founded in 2000 which publishes and researches information on the sustainability of building materials and advocates for the use of environmentally friendly building materials and building policies.

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Heat capacity

Heat capacity or thermal capacity is a measurable physical quantity equal to the ratio of the heat added to (or removed from) an object to the resulting temperature change.

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Heavy metals

Heavy metals are generally defined as metals with relatively high densities, atomic weights, or atomic numbers.

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Hemangiosarcoma

Hemangiosarcoma is a rapidly growing, highly invasive variety of cancer that occurs almost exclusively in dogs, and only rarely in cats, horses, mice, or humans.

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High-density polyethylene

High-density polyethylene (HDPE) or polyethylene high-density (PEHD) is a polyethylene thermoplastic made from petroleum.

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Honda

is a Japanese public multinational conglomerate corporation primarily known as a manufacturer of automobiles, aircraft, motorcycles, and power equipment.

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Hydrogen chloride

The compound hydrogen chloride has the chemical formula and as such is a hydrogen halide.

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Incineration

Incineration is a waste treatment process that involves the combustion of organic substances contained in waste materials.

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Insulated glazing

Insulating glass (IG), more commonly known as double glazing (or double-pane, and increasingly triple glazing/pane), consists of two or three glass window panes separated by a vacuum or gas filled space to reduce heat transfer across a part of the building envelope.

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Insulator (electricity)

An electrical insulator is a material whose internal electric charges do not flow freely; very little electric current will flow through it under the influence of an electric field.

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Ivan Ostromislensky

Ivan Ivanovich Ostromislensky (Иван Иванович Остромысленский, also Iwan Ostromislensky) (9 September 1880 – 16 January 1939) was a Russian organic chemist.

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Jacket

A jacket is a mid-stomach–length garment for the upper body.

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Joule

The joule (symbol: J) is a derived unit of energy in the International System of Units.

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Kaiser Permanente

Kaiser Permanente (KP) is an American integrated managed care consortium, based in Oakland, California, United States, founded in 1945 by industrialist Henry J. Kaiser and physician Sidney Garfield.

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Kelvin

The Kelvin scale is an absolute thermodynamic temperature scale using as its null point absolute zero, the temperature at which all thermal motion ceases in the classical description of thermodynamics.

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Landfill Directive

The Landfill Directive, more formally Council Directive 1999/31/EC of 26 April 1999 is a European Union directive that regulates waste management of landfills in the European Union.

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Landfill fire

A landfill fire occurs when waste disposed of in a landfill ignites and spreads.

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Latex

Latex is a stable dispersion (emulsion) of polymer microparticles in an aqueous medium.

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Lead

Lead is a chemical element with symbol Pb (from the Latin plumbum) and atomic number 82.

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Leather

Leather is a durable and flexible material created by tanning animal rawhides, mostly cattle hide.

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Lentinus tigrinus

Lentinus tigrinus is a mushroom in the Polyporaceae family.

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Limiting oxygen index

The limiting oxygen index (LOI) is the minimum concentration of oxygen, expressed as a percentage, that will support combustion of a polymer.

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London Stadium

London Stadium (originally known as the Olympic Stadium) is a stadium within the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park at Stratford, London, England, at Marshgate Lane in the Lower Lea Valley.

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Louisville, Kentucky

Louisville is the largest city in the Commonwealth of Kentucky and the 29th most-populous city in the United States.

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Low smoke zero halogen

Low smoke zero halogen or low smoke free of halogen (LSZH or LSOH or LS0H or LSFH or OHLS) is a material classification typically used for cable jacketing in the wire and cable industry.

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Medical glove

Medical gloves are disposable gloves used during medical examinations and procedures to help prevent cross-contamination between caregivers and patients.

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Melting point

The melting point (or, rarely, liquefaction point) of a substance is the temperature at which it changes state from solid to liquid at atmospheric pressure.

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Microplastics

Microplastics are small pieces of plastic that pollute the environment.

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Molar mass distribution

In linear polymers the individual polymer chains rarely have exactly the same degree of polymerization and molar mass, and there is always a distribution around an average value.

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Monomer

A monomer (mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that "can undergo polymerization thereby contributing constitutional units to the essential structure of a macromolecule".

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Natural rubber

Natural rubber, also called India rubber or caoutchouc, as initially produced, consists of polymers of the organic compound isoprene, with minor impurities of other organic compounds, plus water.

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Nissan

, usually shortened to Nissan (or; Japanese), is a Japanese multinational automobile manufacturer headquartered in Nishi-ku, Yokohama.

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Nitrile rubber

Nitrile rubber, also known as NBR, Buna-N, and acrylonitrile butadiene rubber, is a synthetic rubber copolymer of acrylonitrile (ACN) and butadiene.

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Olympic Delivery Authority

The Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) was a non-departmental public body of the Department for Culture, Media and Sport, responsible for ensuring the delivery of venues, infrastructure and legacy for the 2012 Summer Olympic and Paralympic Games in London.

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Outgassing

Outgassing (sometimes called offgassing, particularly when in reference to indoor air quality) is the release of a gas that was dissolved, trapped, frozen or absorbed in some material.

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Parts-per notation

In science and engineering, the parts-per notation is a set of pseudo-units to describe small values of miscellaneous dimensionless quantities, e.g. mole fraction or mass fraction.

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Peroxide

Peroxide is a compound with the structure R-O-O-R. The O−O group in a peroxide is called the peroxide group or peroxo group.

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Persistent organic pollutant

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) are organic compounds that are resistant to environmental degradation through chemical, biological, and photolytic processes.

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Phanerochaete

Phanerochaete is a genus of crust fungi in the family Phanerochaetaceae.

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Phonograph record

A phonograph record (also known as a gramophone record, especially in British English, or record) is an analog sound storage medium in the form of a flat disc with an inscribed, modulated spiral groove.

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Phthalate

Phthalates, or phthalate esters, are esters of phthalic acid.

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Plastic

Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects.

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Plastic pipework

Plastic pipe is a tubular section, or hollow cylinder, made of plastic.

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Plastic pollution

Plastic pollution is the accumulation of plastic products in the environment that adversely affects wildlife, wildlife habitat and humans.

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Plastic recycling

Plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastic and reprocessing the material into useful products.

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Plasticity (physics)

In physics and materials science, plasticity describes the deformation of a (solid) material undergoing non-reversible changes of shape in response to applied forces.

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Plasticizer

Plasticizers (UK: plasticisers) or dispersants are additives that increase the plasticity or decrease the viscosity of a material.

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Plotter

The plotter is a computer printer for printing vector graphics.

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Plumbing

Plumbing is any system that conveys fluids for a wide range of applications.

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Polyethylene

Polyethylene or polythene (abbreviated PE; IUPAC name polyethene or poly(ethylene)) is the most common plastic.

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Polymer

A polymer (Greek poly-, "many" + -mer, "part") is a large molecule, or macromolecule, composed of many repeated subunits.

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Polymer clay

Polymer clay is a type of hardenable modeling clay based on the polymer polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

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Polymerization

In polymer chemistry, polymerization is a process of reacting monomer molecules together in a chemical reaction to form polymer chains or three-dimensional networks.

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Polypropylene

Polypropylene (PP), also known as polypropene, is a thermoplastic polymer used in a wide variety of applications.

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Polyvinyl fluoride

Polyvinyl fluoride (PVF) or –(CH2CHF)n– is a polymer material mainly used in the flammability-lowering coatings of airplane interiors and photovoltaic module backsheets.

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Polyvinylidene chloride

Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) is a homopolymer of vinylidene chloride.

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Polyvinylidene fluoride

Polyvinylidene fluoride or polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) is a highly non-reactive thermoplastic fluoropolymer produced by the polymerization of vinylidene difluoride.

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Punk rock

Punk rock (or "punk") is a rock music genre that developed in the mid-1970s in the United States, United Kingdom, and Australia.

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PVC clothing

PVC clothing, commonly known as vinyl clothing, is shiny clothing made of the plastic polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

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PVC decking

PVC decking is composed entirely of Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) and contains no wood.

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Racing stripe

Racing stripes, also called Le Mans stripes, were applied to racecars to help identify them in the field during races.

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Radical (chemistry)

In chemistry, a radical (more precisely, a free radical) is an atom, molecule, or ion that has an unpaired valence electron.

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Radical polymerization

Free-radical polymerization (FRP) is a method of polymerization by which a polymer forms by the successive addition of free-radical building blocks.

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Rain gutter

A rain gutter or surface water collection channel is a component of water discharge system for a building.

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Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals

Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals (REACH) is a European Union regulation dating from 18 December 2006.

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Republic of Ireland

Ireland (Éire), also known as the Republic of Ireland (Poblacht na hÉireann), is a sovereign state in north-western Europe occupying 26 of 32 counties of the island of Ireland.

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Royal Artillery Barracks

The Royal Artillery Barracks at Woolwich in the Royal Borough of Greenwich, London, was the home of the Royal Artillery from 1776 until 2007.

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Rubber and PVC fetishism

Rubber fetishism, or latex fetishism, is the fetishistic attraction to people wearing latex clothing or, in certain cases, to the garments themselves.

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Sheet resistance

Sheet resistance is a measure of resistance of thin films that are nominally uniform in thickness.

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Siding

Siding or wall cladding is the protective material attached to the exterior side of a wall of a house or other building.

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Signage

Signage is the design or use of signs and symbols to communicate a message to a specific group, usually for the purpose of marketing or a kind of advocacy.

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Sill plate

A sill plate or sole plate in construction and architecture is the bottom horizontal member of a wall or building to which vertical members are attached.

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Stabilizer (chemistry)

In industrial chemistry, a stabilizer is a chemical that is used to prevent degradation.

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Sticker

A sticker is a type of label: a piece of printed paper, plastic, vinyl, or other material with pressure sensitive adhesive on one side.

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Suspension polymerization

Suspension polymerization is a heterogeneous radical polymerization process that uses mechanical agitation to mix a monomer or mixture of monomers in a liquid phase, such as water, while the monomers polymerize, forming spheres of polymer.

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Tacticity

Tacticity (from Greek τακτικός taktikos "of or relating to arrangement or order") is the relative stereochemistry of adjacent chiral centers within a macromolecule.

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Tarpaulin

A tarpaulin, or tarp, is a large sheet of strong, flexible, water-resistant or waterproof material, often cloth such as canvas or polyester coated with polyurethane, or made of plastics such as polyethylene.

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Teck cable

Teck cable is a type of low voltage armoured cable named for the location where it was first developed and used, Teck Township, now known as Kirkland Lake, Ontario.

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Tetrahydrofuran

Tetrahydrofuran (THF) is an organic compound with the formula (CH2)4O.

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Thermal conductivity

Thermal conductivity (often denoted k, λ, or κ) is the property of a material to conduct heat.

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Thermal expansion

Thermal expansion is the tendency of matter to change in shape, area, and volume in response to a change in temperature.

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Thermoplastic

A thermoplastic, or thermosoftening plastic, is a plastic material, a polymer, that becomes pliable or moldable above a specific temperature and solidifies upon cooling.

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Thermostability

Thermostability is the quality of a substance to resist irreversible change in its chemical or physical structure, often by resisting decomposition or polymerization, at a high relative temperature.

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Three-dimensional space

Three-dimensional space (also: 3-space or, rarely, tri-dimensional space) is a geometric setting in which three values (called parameters) are required to determine the position of an element (i.e., point).

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Toyota

, usually shortened to Toyota, is a Japanese multinational automotive manufacturer headquartered in Toyota, Aichi, Japan.

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U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission

The United States Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC or Commission) is an independent agency of the United States government.

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Ultraviolet

Ultraviolet (UV) is electromagnetic radiation with a wavelength from 10 nm to 400 nm, shorter than that of visible light but longer than X-rays.

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Vicat softening point

Vicat softening temperature or Vicat hardness is the determination of the softening point for materials that have no definite melting point, such as plastics.

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Vinyl chloride

Vinyl chloride is an organochloride with the formula H2C.

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Vinyl cutter

A vinyl cutter is a type of computer-controlled machine.

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Vinyl polymer

Vinyl polymers are a group of polymers derived from vinyl monomers.

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Vinyl roof membrane

A vinyl roof membrane is a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) roofing membrane used in commercial construction.

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Vinyl siding

Vinyl siding is plastic exterior siding for a house, used for decoration and weatherproofing, imitating wood clapboard, board and batten or shakes, and used instead of other materials such as aluminum or fiber cement siding.

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Vinyloop

Vinyloop® is a physical plastic recycling process for polyvinyl chloride (PVC).

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Waldo Semon

Waldo Lonsbury Semon (September 10, 1898 – May 26, 1999) was an American inventor born in Demopolis, Alabama.

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Water Polo Arena

The Water Polo Arena was a venue of the 2012 Summer Olympics held in London from 27 July to 12 August 2012.

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Water supply

Water supply is the provision of water by public utilities commercial organisations, community endeavors or by individuals, usually via a system of pumps and pipes.

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Waterproofing

Waterproofing is the process of making an object or structure waterproof or water-resistant so that it remains relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions.

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Wide-format printer

Wide format printers (large format printers) are generally accepted to be any computer-controlled printing machines (printers) that support a maximum print roll width of between 18" and 100".

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Wire rope

Steel wire rope (right hand langs lay) Wire rope is several strands of metal wire twisted into a helix forming a composite "rope", in a pattern known as "laid rope".

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Yield (engineering)

The yield point is the point on a stress–strain curve that indicates the limit of elastic behavior and the beginning of plastic behavior.

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Young's modulus

Young's modulus, also known as the elastic modulus, is a measure of the stiffness of a solid material.

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2012 Summer Olympics

The 2012 Summer Olympics, formally the Games of the XXX Olympiad and commonly known as London 2012, was an international multi-sport event that was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012 in London, United Kingdom.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polyvinyl_chloride

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