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Great Lakes refugee crisis

Index Great Lakes refugee crisis

The Great Lakes refugee crisis is the common name for the situation beginning with the exodus in April 1994 of over two million Rwandans to neighboring countries of the Great Lakes region of Africa in the aftermath of the Rwandan genocide. [1]

109 relations: African Great Lakes, Alison Des Forges, Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo, Amnesty International, Arusha Accords (Rwanda), Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira, Banyamulenge, Bill Clinton, Boutros Boutros-Ghali, Bukavu, Burundi, Burundian Civil War, Butare, Byumba, CARE (relief agency), Cholera, Civilian, CNN, Colonialism, Crisis, Cycle of poverty, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Development aid, Diarrhea, Entebbe International Airport, Ethnic group, First Congo War, Forced displacement, France, Gacaca court, Gérard Prunier, Genocide, Gisenyi, Goma, Hutu, Interahamwe, Internally displaced person, International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, International Rescue Committee, Ireland, Israel, Juvénal Habyarimana, Kibungo, Kigali, Kigali-Rural Province, Kingdom of Rwanda, Kinshasa, Kivu conflict, Lake Kivu, Laurent-Désiré Kabila, ..., List of African countries by population density, List of heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, List of Presidents of Burundi, Médecins Sans Frontières, Medic, Medical Emergency Relief International, Melchior Ndadaye, Meningitis, Military, Military intelligence, Mobutu Sese Seko, Mountain gorilla, National Resistance Army, Netherlands, Ngara, North Kivu, Nursing, Opération Turquoise, Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa, Oxfam, Oxford, Oxford University Press, Paul Kagame, President of the United States, President of Uganda, Refugee, Refugee law, Refugee Studies Centre, Ruhengeri, Rusumo Bridge, Rusumo Falls, Rwandan Defence Forces, Rwandan genocide, Rwandan Patriotic Front, Sadako Ogata, Sake, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Save the Children, Second Congo War, Secretary-General of the United Nations, Shahryar Khan, Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, South Kivu, Surgeon, Tanzania, Tutsi, Uganda, Umutara Province, United Nations, United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees, United States Geological Survey, University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign, University of Oxford, Uvira, Virunga National Park, World Bank, World War II, Yoweri Museveni, Yugoslav Wars, Zaire. Expand index (59 more) »

African Great Lakes

The African Great Lakes (Maziwa Makuu) are a series of lakes constituting the part of the Rift Valley lakes in and around the East African Rift.

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Alison Des Forges

Alison Des Forges (née Liebhafsky) (August 20, 1942 – February 12, 2009) was an American historian and human rights activist who specialized in the African Great Lakes region, particularly the 1994 Rwandan Genocide.

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Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo

The Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo-Zaire (AFDL or ADFLC) was a coalition of Rwandan, Ugandan, Burundian, and selected Congolese dissidents, disgruntled minority groups, and nations that toppled Mobutu Sese Seko and brought Laurent-Désiré Kabila to power in the First Congo War.

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Amnesty International

Amnesty International (commonly known as Amnesty or AI) is a London-based non-governmental organization focused on human rights.

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Arusha Accords (Rwanda)

The Arusha Accords, officially the Peace Agreement between the Government of the Republic of Rwanda and the Rwandan Patriotic Front an also known as the Arusha Peace Agreement or Arusha negotiations, were a set of five accords (or protocols) signed in Arusha, Tanzania on August 4, 1993, by the government of Rwanda and the rebel Rwandan Patriotic Front (RPF), under mediation, to end a three-year Rwandan Civil War.

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Assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira

The assassination of Juvénal Habyarimana and Cyprien Ntaryamira on the evening of 6 April 1994 was the catalyst for the Rwandan Genocide.

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Banyamulenge

Banyamulenge, sometimes called "Tutsi Congolese", is a term historically referring to the ethnic Tutsi concentrated on the High Plateau of South Kivu, in the eastern region of the Democratic Republic of the Congo, close to the Burundi-Congo-Rwanda border.

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Bill Clinton

William Jefferson Clinton (born August 19, 1946) is an American politician who served as the 42nd President of the United States from 1993 to 2001.

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Boutros Boutros-Ghali

Boutros Boutros-Ghali (بطرس بطرس غالي,; 14 November 1922 – 16 February 2016) was an Egyptian politician and diplomat who was the sixth Secretary-General of the United Nations (UN) from January 1992 to December 1996.

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Bukavu

Bukavu (former official names: Costermansville (French) and Costermansstad (Dutch)) is a city in eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC), lying at the extreme south-western edge of Lake Kivu, west of Cyangugu in Rwanda, and separated from it by the outlet of the Ruzizi River.

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Burundi

Burundi, officially the Republic of Burundi (Republika y'Uburundi,; République du Burundi, or), is a landlocked country in the African Great Lakes region of East Africa, bordered by Rwanda to the north, Tanzania to the east and south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west.

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Burundian Civil War

The Burundian Civil War was an armed conflict lasting from 1993 to 2005.

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Butare

Butare is a city (population: 77,000 as of August 2002) in the Southern Province of Rwanda and capital of Huye district.

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Byumba

Byumba is a city in northern Rwanda, and is the capital of Gicumbi District.

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CARE (relief agency)

CARE (Cooperative for Assistance and Relief Everywhere, formerly Cooperative for American Remittances to Europe) is a major international humanitarian agency delivering emergency relief and long-term international development projects.

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Cholera

Cholera is an infection of the small intestine by some strains of the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.

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Civilian

A civilian is "a person who is not a member of the military or of a police or firefighting force".

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CNN

Cable News Network (CNN) is an American basic cable and satellite television news channel and an independent subsidiary of AT&T's WarnerMedia.

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Colonialism

Colonialism is the policy of a polity seeking to extend or retain its authority over other people or territories, generally with the aim of developing or exploiting them to the benefit of the colonizing country and of helping the colonies modernize in terms defined by the colonizers, especially in economics, religion and health.

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Crisis

A crisis (from the Greek κρίσις - krisis; plural: "crises"; adjectival form: "critical") is any event that is going (or is expected) to lead to an unstable and dangerous situation affecting an individual, group, community, or whole society.

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Cycle of poverty

In economics, the cycle of poverty is the "set of factors or events by which poverty, once started, is likely to continue unless there is outside intervention".

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Democratic Republic of the Congo

The Democratic Republic of the Congo (République démocratique du Congo), also known as DR Congo, the DRC, Congo-Kinshasa or simply the Congo, is a country located in Central Africa.

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Development aid

Development aid or development cooperation (also development assistance, technical assistance, international aid, overseas aid, official development assistance (ODA), or foreign aid) is financial aid given by governments and other agencies to support the economic, environmental, social, and political development of developing countries.

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Diarrhea

Diarrhea, also spelled diarrhoea, is the condition of having at least three loose or liquid bowel movements each day.

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Entebbe International Airport

Entebbe International Airport is the principal international airport of Uganda.

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Ethnic group

An ethnic group, or an ethnicity, is a category of people who identify with each other based on similarities such as common ancestry, language, history, society, culture or nation.

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First Congo War

The First Congo War (1996–1997) was a foreign invasion of Zaire led by Rwanda that replaced President Mobutu Sésé Seko with the rebel leader Laurent-Désiré Kabila.

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Forced displacement

Forced displacement or forced immigration is the coerced movement of a person or people away from their home or home region and it often connotes violent coercion.

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France

France, officially the French Republic (République française), is a sovereign state whose territory consists of metropolitan France in Western Europe, as well as several overseas regions and territories.

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Gacaca court

The Gacaca court is a system of community justice inspired by Rwandan tradition where gacaca can be loosely translated to "justice amongst the grass".

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Gérard Prunier

Gérard Prunier is a French academic and historian specializing in the Horn of Africa and the more southerly African Great Lakes region.

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Genocide

Genocide is intentional action to destroy a people (usually defined as an ethnic, national, racial, or religious group) in whole or in part.

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Gisenyi

Gisenyi is a city in Rubavu district in Rwanda's Western Province.

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Goma

Goma is the capital city of North Kivu province in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Hutu

The Hutu, also known as the Abahutu, are a Bantu ethnic group native to African Great Lakes region of Africa, primarily area now under Burundi and Rwanda.

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Interahamwe

The Interahamwe is a Hutu paramilitary organization.

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Internally displaced person

An internally displaced person (IDP) is someone who is forced to flee his or her home but who remains within his or her country's borders.

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International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda

The International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda (ICTR; Tribunal pénal international pour le Rwanda; Urukiko Mpanabyaha Mpuzamahanga Rwashyiriweho u Rwanda) was an international court established in November 1994 by the United Nations Security Council in Resolution 955 in order to judge people responsible for the Rwandan genocide and other serious violations of international law in Rwanda, or by Rwandan citizens in nearby states, between 1 January and 31 December 1994.

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International Rescue Committee

The International Rescue Committee (IRC) is a global humanitarian aid, relief, and development nongovernmental organization.

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Ireland

Ireland (Éire; Ulster-Scots: Airlann) is an island in the North Atlantic.

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Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

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Juvénal Habyarimana

Juvénal Habyarimana (March 8, 1937 – April 6, 1994) was the 2nd President of the Republic of Rwanda, serving longer than any other president to date, from 1973 until 1994.

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Kibungo

Kibungo is a town in the Republic of Rwanda.

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Kigali

Kigali is the capital and largest city of Rwanda.

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Kigali-Rural Province

Kigali-Rural Province, known in Kinyarwanda as Kigali-Ngali, was a province that surrounds the city of Kigali, Rwanda.

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Kingdom of Rwanda

The Kingdom of Rwanda was a pre-colonial kingdom in East Africa beginning in c. 1081, which survived with some of its autonomy intact under German and Belgian colonial rule until its monarchy was abolished in the Rwandan Revolution.

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Kinshasa

Kinshasa (formerly Léopoldville (Léopoldville or Dutch)) is the capital and the largest city of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Kivu conflict

The Kivu conflict began in 2004 in the eastern Congo as an armed conflict between the military of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (FARDC) and the Hutu Power group Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Rwanda (FDLR) in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Lake Kivu

Lake Kivu is one of the African Great Lakes.

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Laurent-Désiré Kabila

Laurent-Désiré Kabila (November 27, 1939 – January 16, 2001), or simply Laurent Kabila (US), was a Congolese revolutionary and politician who served as the third President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo from May 17, 1997, when he overthrew Mobutu Sese Seko, until his assassination by one of his bodyguards on January 16, 2001.

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List of African countries by population density

This is a list of African countries and dependencies by population density in inhabitants/km².

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List of heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

This article lists the heads of state of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (formerly Zaire) since the country's independence in 1960.

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List of Presidents of Burundi

This article lists the Presidents of Burundi since the formation of the post of President of Burundi in 1966 (following the November coup d'état), to the present day.

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Médecins Sans Frontières

Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF; pronounced), also known in English as Doctors Without Borders, is an international humanitarian medical non-governmental organisation (NGO) of French origin best known for its projects in conflict zones and in countries affected by endemic diseases.

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Medic

A medic is an umbrella term for a person involved in medicine.

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Medical Emergency Relief International

Medical Emergency Relief International (Merlin) is a former British international non-governmental health charity which sends medical experts to global emergencies.

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Melchior Ndadaye

Melchior Ndadaye (March 28, 1953 – October 21, 1993) was a Burundian intellectual and politician.

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Meningitis

Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges.

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Military

A military or armed force is a professional organization formally authorized by a sovereign state to use lethal or deadly force and weapons to support the interests of the state.

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Military intelligence

Military intelligence is a military discipline that uses information collection and analysis approaches to provide guidance and direction to assist commanders in their decisions.

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Mobutu Sese Seko

Marshal Mobutu Sese Seko Kuku Ngbendu Wa Za Banga (born Joseph-Désiré Mobutu; 14 October 1930 – 7 September 1997) was the military dictator and President of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (which Mobutu renamed Zaire in 1971) from 1965 to 1997.

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Mountain gorilla

The mountain gorilla (Gorilla beringei beringei) is one of the two subspecies of the eastern gorilla.

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National Resistance Army

The National Resistance Army (NRA), the military wing of the National Resistance Movement (NRM), was a rebel army that waged a guerrilla war, commonly referred to as the Ugandan Bush War or Luwero War, against the government of Milton Obote, and later that of Tito Okello.

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Netherlands

The Netherlands (Nederland), often referred to as Holland, is a country located mostly in Western Europe with a population of seventeen million.

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Ngara

Ngara is a small town in Ngara District, Kagera Region, in Tanzania, East Africa.

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North Kivu

North Kivu (Nord-Kivu) is a province bordering Lake Kivu in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Nursing

Nursing is a profession within the health care sector focused on the care of individuals, families, and communities so they may attain, maintain, or recover optimal health and quality of life.

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Opération Turquoise

Opération Turquoise was a French-led military operation in Rwanda in 1994 under the mandate of the United Nations.

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Origins of Hutu, Tutsi and Twa

The origins of the Tutsi and Hutu people is a major issue in the histories of Rwanda and Burundi, as well as the Great Lakes region of Africa.

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Oxfam

Oxfam is a confederation of 20 independent charitable organizations focusing on the alleviation of global poverty, founded in 1942 and led by Oxfam International.

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Oxford

Oxford is a city in the South East region of England and the county town of Oxfordshire.

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Oxford University Press

Oxford University Press (OUP) is the largest university press in the world, and the second oldest after Cambridge University Press.

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Paul Kagame

Paul Kagame (born 23 October 1957) is a Rwandan politician and former military leader.

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President of the United States

The President of the United States (POTUS) is the head of state and head of government of the United States of America.

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President of Uganda

The President of the Republic of Uganda is the head of state and head of government of Uganda.

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Refugee

A refugee, generally speaking, is a displaced person who has been forced to cross national boundaries and who cannot return home safely (for more detail see legal definition).

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Refugee law

Refugee law is the branch of international law which deals with the rights and protection of refugees.

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Refugee Studies Centre

The Refugee Studies Centre (RSC) was established in 1982, as part of the University of Oxford's Department of International Development (Queen Elizabeth House), in order to promote the understanding of the causes and consequences of forced migration and to improve the lives of some of the world’s most marginalised people.

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Ruhengeri

Ruhengeri is a city and capital of Musanze District in the Northern Province of Rwanda.

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Rusumo Bridge

Rusumo Bridge is an international bridge across the Kagera River linking Rwanda and Tanzania.

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Rusumo Falls

Rusumo Falls is a waterfall located on the Kagera river on the border between Rwanda and Tanzania, part of the most distant headwaters of the river Nile.

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Rwandan Defence Forces

The Rwanda Defence Force (RDF, Kinyarwanda: Ingabo z'u Rwanda; French: Forces rwandaises de défense) is the national army of Rwanda.

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Rwandan genocide

The Rwandan genocide, also known as the genocide against the Tutsi, was a genocidal mass slaughter of Tutsi in Rwanda by members of the Hutu majority government.

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Rwandan Patriotic Front

The Rwandan Patriotic Front (Front patriotique rwandais, FPR) is the ruling political party in Rwanda.

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Sadako Ogata

is a Japanese academic, diplomat, author, administrator, and professor emeritus at Sophia University.

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Sake, Democratic Republic of the Congo

Sake is a town in the Democratic Republic of the Congo in the eastern province of North Kivu.

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Save the Children

The Save the Children Fund, commonly known as Save the Children, is an international non-governmental organisation that promotes children's rights, provides relief and helps support children in developing countries.

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Second Congo War

The Second Congo War (also known as the Great War of Africa or the Great African War, and sometimes referred to as the African World War) began in August 1998 in the Democratic Republic of the Congo, little more than a year after the First Congo War, and involved some of the same issues.

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Secretary-General of the United Nations

The Secretary-General of the United Nations (UNSG or just SG) is the head of the United Nations Secretariat, one of the six principal organs of the United Nations.

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Shahryar Khan

Shahryar Mohammad Khan (شہریار محمد خان; born 12 March 1934) is a former career Pakistan diplomat who became Foreign Secretary of Pakistan in 1990, and remained so until his retirement from service in 1994.

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Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia (SFR Yugoslavia or SFRY) was a socialist state led by the League of Communists of Yugoslavia, that existed from its foundation in the aftermath of World War II until its dissolution in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars.

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South Kivu

South Kivu (Sud-Kivu) is one of 26 provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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Surgeon

In medicine, a surgeon is a physician who performs surgical operations.

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Tanzania

Tanzania, officially the United Republic of Tanzania (Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania), is a sovereign state in eastern Africa within the African Great Lakes region.

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Tutsi

The Tutsi, or Abatutsi, are a social class or ethnic group of the African Great Lakes region.

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Uganda

Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda (Jamhuri ya Uganda), is a landlocked country in East Africa.

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Umutara Province

Until January 2006, Umutara Province was one of the 12 provinces (intara) of Rwanda.

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United Nations

The United Nations (UN) is an intergovernmental organization tasked to promote international cooperation and to create and maintain international order.

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United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees

UNHCR, the UN Refugee Agency, is a United Nations programme with the mandate to protect refugees, forcibly displaced communities and stateless people, and assist in their voluntary repatriation, local integration or resettlement to a third country.

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United States Geological Survey

The United States Geological Survey (USGS, formerly simply Geological Survey) is a scientific agency of the United States government.

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University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign

The University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign (also known as U of I, Illinois, or colloquially as the University of Illinois or UIUC) is a public research university in the U.S. state of Illinois and the flagship institution of the University of Illinois System.

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University of Oxford

The University of Oxford (formally The Chancellor Masters and Scholars of the University of Oxford) is a collegiate research university located in Oxford, England.

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Uvira

Uvira is a city in the South Kivu Province of the Democratic Republic of Congo, located at the extreme north end of Lake Tanganyika.

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Virunga National Park

The Virunga National Park (Parc National des Virunga), formerly named Albert National Park, is a National Park that stretches from the Virunga Mountains in the south to the Rwenzori Mountains in the north, in the eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo, bordering Volcanoes National Park in Rwanda and Rwenzori Mountains National Park and Queen Elizabeth National Park in Uganda.

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World Bank

The World Bank (Banque mondiale) is an international financial institution that provides loans to countries of the world for capital projects.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Yoweri Museveni

Yoweri Museveni (born 15 September 1944) is a Ugandan politician who has been the President of Uganda since 1986.

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Yugoslav Wars

The Yugoslav Wars were a series of ethnic conflicts, wars of independence and insurgencies fought from 1991 to 1999/2001 in the former Yugoslavia.

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Zaire

Zaire, officially the Republic of Zaire (République du Zaïre), was the name for the Democratic Republic of the Congo that existed between 1971 and 1997 in Central Africa.

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Redirects here:

Great Lakes Refugee Crisis, Post-Rwandan Genocide refugee crisis, Rwanda Exodus.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Great_Lakes_refugee_crisis

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