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Sail

Index Sail

A sail is a tensile structure—made from fabric or other membrane materials—that uses wind power to propel sailing craft, including sailing ships, sailboats, windsurfers, ice boats, and even sail-powered land vehicles. [1]

120 relations: Acoustics, Adlard Coles Nautical, Airfoil, Ancient Egypt, Angle of attack, Apparent wind, Aramid, Austronesian languages, Baggywrinkle, Bermuda rig, Bolt rope, Boom vang, Brace (sailing), Brail, Canvas, Catamaran, Clewlines and buntlines, Cotton, Crab claw sail, Creep (deformation), Cringle, Cruising (maritime), Crusades, Cucuteni–Trypillia culture, Cunningham (sailing), Dhow, Downhaul, Draft (sail), Drag (physics), Elastic modulus, Fatigue (material), Fiber, Flax, Fore-and-aft rig, Forestay, Formula 16, Gaff rig, Genoa (sail), Greeks, Grommet, Guy (sailing), Halyard, Henry Holt and Company, High-performance sailing, Ice boat, Indus River, International C-class catamaran, International DN, Jib, Junk rig, ..., Keel, Kevlar, Kite, Kite rig, Land sailing, Lateen, Lift (force), Linear density, Liquid-crystal polymer, List of sail emblems, Lugger, Mainsail, Marine canvas, Mast (sailing), Materials science, Mesopotamia, Moth (dinghy), Naval architecture, Nile, Normal (geometry), North Sea, Nylon, Outhaul, Peak halyard, Phoenicia, Plastic, Plastic film, Point of sail, Polyethylene terephthalate, Preventer, Reed boat, Reefing, Roller furling, Running rigging, Sail batten, Sail plan, Sail twist, Sailboat, Sailing hydrofoil, Sailing ship, Sheet (sailing), Simon & Schuster, Spar (sailing), Spinnaker, Spritsail, Square rig, Staysail, Sumer, Tack (square sail), Taffeta, Tell-tale (sailing), The New York Times International Edition, Thread (yarn), Throat halyard, Ubaid period, Ultimate tensile strength, Ultrasonic welding, Ultrasound, USA 17, Vectran, Vibration, We, the Navigators, Welding, Windsurfing, Wingsail, Yale University, Yard (sailing), Yawl, 1988 America's Cup, 2010 America's Cup. Expand index (70 more) »

Acoustics

Acoustics is the branch of physics that deals with the study of all mechanical waves in gases, liquids, and solids including topics such as vibration, sound, ultrasound and infrasound.

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Adlard Coles Nautical

Adlard Coles Nautical is the largest nautical publisher in the world, with over 300 books in print and publishing 60 new titles every year.

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Airfoil

An airfoil (American English) or aerofoil (British English) is the shape of a wing, blade (of a propeller, rotor, or turbine), or sail (as seen in cross-section).

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Ancient Egypt

Ancient Egypt was a civilization of ancient Northeastern Africa, concentrated along the lower reaches of the Nile River - geographically Lower Egypt and Upper Egypt, in the place that is now occupied by the countries of Egypt and Sudan.

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Angle of attack

In fluid dynamics, angle of attack (AOA, or \alpha (Greek letter alpha)) is the angle between a reference line on a body (often the chord line of an airfoil) and the vector representing the relative motion between the body and the fluid through which it is moving.

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Apparent wind

Apparent wind is the wind experienced by a moving object.

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Aramid

Aramid fibers are a class of heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibers.

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Austronesian languages

The Austronesian languages are a language family that is widely dispersed throughout Maritime Southeast Asia, Madagascar and the islands of the Pacific Ocean, with a few members in continental Asia.

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Baggywrinkle

Baggywrinkle is a soft covering for cables (or any other obstructions) to reduce sail chafe.

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Bermuda rig

A Bermuda rig, Bermudian rig, or Marconi rig is a configuration of mast and rigging for a type of sailboat and is the typical configuration for most modern sailboats.

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Bolt rope

A bolt rope (Variants: "bolt-rope" and "boltrope", French: ralingue, Spanish: relinga, Old Norse: *rár-línk, comprising rár genitive of rá "rope" and línk "edge of a sail "), is the rope that is sewn at the edges of the sail to reinforce them, or to fix the sail into a groove in the boom or in the mast.

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Boom vang

A boom vang (US) or kicking strap (UK) is a line or piston system on a sailboat used to exert downward force on the boom and thus control the shape of the sail.

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Brace (sailing)

A brace on a square-rigged ship is a rope (line) used to rotate a yard around the mast, to allow the ship to sail at different angles to the wind.

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Brail

Brails, in a sailing ship, are small lines used to haul in or up the edges (leeches) or corners of sails, before furling.

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Canvas

Canvas is an extremely durable plain-woven fabric used for making sails, tents, marquees, backpacks, and other items for which sturdiness is required.

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Catamaran

A catamaran (informally, a "cat") is a multi-hulled watercraft featuring two parallel hulls of equal size.

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Clewlines and buntlines

Clewlines and buntlines are lines used to handle the sails of a square rigged ship.

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Cotton

Cotton is a soft, fluffy staple fiber that grows in a boll, or protective case, around the seeds of the cotton plants of the genus Gossypium in the mallow family Malvaceae.

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Crab claw sail

The crab claw sail or, as it is sometimes known, Oceanic lateen or Oceanic sprit, is a triangular sail with spars along upper and lower edges.

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Creep (deformation)

In materials science, creep (sometimes called cold flow) is the tendency of a solid material to move slowly or deform permanently under the influence of mechanical stresses.

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Cringle

A cringle is an eye through which to pass a rope.

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Cruising (maritime)

Cruising by boat is a lifestyle that involves living for extended time on a vessel while traveling from place to place for pleasure.

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Crusades

The Crusades were a series of religious wars sanctioned by the Latin Church in the medieval period.

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Cucuteni–Trypillia culture

The Cucuteni–Trypillia culture (and), also known as the Tripolye culture, is a Neolithic–Eneolithic archaeological culture (5200 to 3500 BC) in Eastern Europe.

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Cunningham (sailing)

In sailing, a cunningham or cunningham's eye is a type of downhaul used on a Bermuda rigged sailboat to change the shape of a sail.

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Dhow

Dhow (Arabic داو dāw) is the generic name of a number of traditional sailing vessels with one or more masts with settee or sometimes lateen sails, used in the Red Sea and Indian Ocean region.

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Downhaul

The downhaul is a line which is part of the rigging on a sailboat; it applies downward force on a spar or sail.

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Draft (sail)

In nautical parlance, the draft or draught of a sail is a degree of curvature in a horizontal cross-section.

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Drag (physics)

In fluid dynamics, drag (sometimes called air resistance, a type of friction, or fluid resistance, another type of friction or fluid friction) is a force acting opposite to the relative motion of any object moving with respect to a surrounding fluid.

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Elastic modulus

An elastic modulus (also known as modulus of elasticity) is a quantity that measures an object or substance's resistance to being deformed elastically (i.e., non-permanently) when a stress is applied to it.

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Fatigue (material)

In materials science, fatigue is the weakening of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads.

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Fiber

Fiber or fibre (see spelling differences, from the Latin fibra) is a natural or synthetic substance that is significantly longer than it is wide.

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Flax

Flax (Linum usitatissimum), also known as common flax or linseed, is a member of the genus Linum in the family Linaceae.

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Fore-and-aft rig

A fore-and-aft rig is a sailing rig consisting mainly of sails that are set along the line of the keel rather than perpendicular to it.

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Forestay

On a sailing vessel, a forestay, sometimes just called a stay, is a piece of standing rigging which keeps a mast from falling backwards.

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Formula 16

The Formula 16 (F16) sport catamaran is an ISAF recognised 5 m long beach catamaran with an asymmetric spinnaker setup.

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Gaff rig

Gaff rig is a sailing rig (configuration of sails, mast and stays) in which the sail is four-cornered, fore-and-aft rigged, controlled at its peak and, usually, its entire head by a spar (pole) called the gaff.

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Genoa (sail)

A genoa sail is a type of large jib or staysail that extends past the mast and so overlaps the main sail when viewed from the side, sometimes eliminating it.

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Greeks

The Greeks or Hellenes (Έλληνες, Éllines) are an ethnic group native to Greece, Cyprus, southern Albania, Italy, Turkey, Egypt and, to a lesser extent, other countries surrounding the Mediterranean Sea. They also form a significant diaspora, with Greek communities established around the world.. Greek colonies and communities have been historically established on the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and Black Sea, but the Greek people have always been centered on the Aegean and Ionian seas, where the Greek language has been spoken since the Bronze Age.. Until the early 20th century, Greeks were distributed between the Greek peninsula, the western coast of Asia Minor, the Black Sea coast, Cappadocia in central Anatolia, Egypt, the Balkans, Cyprus, and Constantinople. Many of these regions coincided to a large extent with the borders of the Byzantine Empire of the late 11th century and the Eastern Mediterranean areas of ancient Greek colonization. The cultural centers of the Greeks have included Athens, Thessalonica, Alexandria, Smyrna, and Constantinople at various periods. Most ethnic Greeks live nowadays within the borders of the modern Greek state and Cyprus. The Greek genocide and population exchange between Greece and Turkey nearly ended the three millennia-old Greek presence in Asia Minor. Other longstanding Greek populations can be found from southern Italy to the Caucasus and southern Russia and Ukraine and in the Greek diaspora communities in a number of other countries. Today, most Greeks are officially registered as members of the Greek Orthodox Church.CIA World Factbook on Greece: Greek Orthodox 98%, Greek Muslim 1.3%, other 0.7%. Greeks have greatly influenced and contributed to culture, arts, exploration, literature, philosophy, politics, architecture, music, mathematics, science and technology, business, cuisine, and sports, both historically and contemporarily.

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Grommet

Curtain grommets, used among others in shower curtains. A grommet is a ring or edge strip inserted into a hole through thin material, typically a sheet of textile fabric, sheet metal or composite of carbon fiber, wood or honeycomb.

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Guy (sailing)

A guy (probably from Dutch gei, "brail") is a line (rope) attached to and intended to control the end of a spar on a sailboat.

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Halyard

In sailing, a halyard or halliard is a line (rope) that is used to hoist a ladder, sail, flag or yard.

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Henry Holt and Company

Henry Holt and Company is an American book publishing company based in New York City.

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High-performance sailing

High-performance sailing is achieved with low forward surface resistance—encountered by catamarans, sailing hydrofoils, iceboats or land sailing craft—as the sailing craft obtains motive power with its sails or aerofoils at speeds that are often faster than the wind.

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Ice boat

An ice boat (often spelled as "iceboat") is a boat or purpose-built framework similar in functional design to a sail boat but fitted with skis or runners (skates) and designed to run over ice instead of through (liquid) water.

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Indus River

The Indus River (also called the Sindhū) is one of the longest rivers in Asia.

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International C-class catamaran

The C-Class Catamaran is a high-performance developmental class sailing catamaran.

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International DN

The International DN is a class of ice boat.

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Jib

A jib is a triangular sail that sets ahead of the foremast of a sailing vessel.

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Junk rig

The junk rig, also known as the Chinese lugsail or sampan rig, is a type of sail rig in which rigid members, called battens, span the full width of the sail and extend the sail forward of the mast.

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Keel

On boats and ships, the keel is either of two parts: a structural element that sometimes resembles a fin and protrudes below a boat along the central line, or a hydrodynamic element.

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Kevlar

Kevlar is a heat-resistant and strong synthetic fiber, related to other aramids such as Nomex and Technora.

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Kite

A kite is a tethered heavier-than-air craft with wing surfaces that react against the air to create lift and drag.

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Kite rig

Kite rigs are wind-assisted propulsion systems for propelling a vehicle.

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Land sailing

Land sailing, also known as 'sand yachting' or 'land yachting', is the act of moving across land in a wheeled vehicle powered by wind through the use of a sail.

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Lateen

A lateen (from French latine, meaning "Latin") or latin-rig is a triangular sail set on a long yard mounted at an angle on the mast, and running in a fore-and-aft direction.

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Lift (force)

A fluid flowing past the surface of a body exerts a force on it.

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Linear density

Linear density is the measure of a quantity of any characteristic value per unit of length.

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Liquid-crystal polymer

Liquid-crystal polymers (LCPs) are a class of aromatic polymers.

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List of sail emblems

The list of sail emblems consists sail emblems and their description.

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Lugger

A lugger is a class of boat, widely used as traditional fishing boats, particularly off the coasts of France, England and Scotland.

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Mainsail

A mainsail is a sail located behind the main mast of a sailing vessel.

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Marine canvas

Marine canvas refers to a varied array of materials and substrates used in the fabrication and production of awnings, covers, tarps, sunshades, signs and banners for the advertising, boating, trucking, tenting, structural and medical industries.

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Mast (sailing)

The mast of a sailing vessel is a tall spar, or arrangement of spars, erected more or less vertically on the centre-line of a ship or boat.

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Materials science

The interdisciplinary field of materials science, also commonly termed materials science and engineering is the design and discovery of new materials, particularly solids.

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Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.

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Moth (dinghy)

The Moth Class is the name for a small development class of sailing dinghy.

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Naval architecture

Naval architecture, or naval engineering, along with automotive engineering and aerospace engineering, is an engineering discipline branch of vehicle engineering, incorporating elements of mechanical, electrical, electronic, software and safety engineering as applied to the engineering design process, shipbuilding, maintenance, and operation of marine vessels and structures.

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Nile

The Nile River (النيل, Egyptian Arabic en-Nīl, Standard Arabic an-Nīl; ⲫⲓⲁⲣⲱ, P(h)iaro; Ancient Egyptian: Ḥ'pī and Jtrw; Biblical Hebrew:, Ha-Ye'or or, Ha-Shiḥor) is a major north-flowing river in northeastern Africa, and is commonly regarded as the longest river in the world, though some sources cite the Amazon River as the longest.

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Normal (geometry)

In geometry, a normal is an object such as a line or vector that is perpendicular to a given object.

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North Sea

The North Sea (Mare Germanicum) is a marginal sea of the Atlantic Ocean located between Great Britain, Scandinavia, Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, and France.

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Nylon

Nylon is a generic designation for a family of synthetic polymers, based on aliphatic or semi-aromatic polyamides.

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Outhaul

An outhaul is a line which is part of the running rigging of a sailboat, used to extend a sail and control the shape of the curve of the foot of the sail.

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Peak halyard

In sailing, the peak halyard (or peak for short) is a line that raises the end of a gaff further from the mast, as opposed to the throat halyard which raises the end nearer to the mast.

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Phoenicia

Phoenicia (or; from the Φοινίκη, meaning "purple country") was a thalassocratic ancient Semitic civilization that originated in the Eastern Mediterranean and in the west of the Fertile Crescent.

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Plastic

Plastic is material consisting of any of a wide range of synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are malleable and so can be molded into solid objects.

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Plastic film

Plastic film is a thin continuous polymeric material.

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Point of sail

A point of sail is a sailing craft's direction of travel under sail in relation to the true wind direction over the surface.

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Polyethylene terephthalate

Polyethylene terephthalate (sometimes written poly(ethylene terephthalate)), commonly abbreviated PET, PETE, or the obsolete PETP or PET-P, is the most common thermoplastic polymer resin of the polyester family and is used in fibres for clothing, containers for liquids and foods, thermoforming for manufacturing, and in combination with glass fibre for engineering resins.

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Preventer

A preventer, or jibe-guard, is a mechanical device on a sailing vessel which limits the boom's ability to swing unexpectedly across the boat due to an unplanned accidental jibe.

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Reed boat

Reed boats and rafts, along with dugout canoes and other rafts, are among the oldest known types of boats.

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Reefing

Reefing is the means of reducing the area of a sail, usually by folding or rolling one edge of the canvas in on itself.

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Roller furling

Roller furling is a method of furling or reefing a sail by rolling it around a stay or rotating spar.

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Running rigging

Running rigging is the rigging of a sailing vessel that is used for raising, lowering, shaping and controlling the sails on a sailing vessel—as opposed to the standing rigging, which supports the mast and bowsprit.

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Sail batten

A sail batten is a flexible insert in a sail, parallel to the direction of wind flow, that helps shape its qualities as an airfoil.

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Sail plan

A sail plan is a set of drawings, usually prepared by a naval architect which shows the various combinations of sail proposed for a sailing ship.

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Sail twist

Sail twist is a phenomenon in sailing where the head of the sail is at a different angle of incidence from the foot of the sail in order to change the lift distribution with height.

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Sailboat

A sailboat or sailing boat is a boat propelled partly or entirely by sails smaller than a sailing ship.

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Sailing hydrofoil

A sailing hydrofoil, hydrofoil sailboat, or hydrosail is a sailboat with wing-like foils mounted under the hull.

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Sailing ship

The term "sailing ship" is most often used to describe any large vessel that uses sails to harness the power of wind.

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Sheet (sailing)

In sailing, a sheet is a line (rope, cable or chain) used to control the movable corner(s) (clews) of a sail.

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Simon & Schuster

Simon & Schuster, Inc., a subsidiary of CBS Corporation, is an American publishing company founded in New York City in 1924 by Richard Simon and Max Schuster.

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Spar (sailing)

A spar is a pole of wood, metal or lightweight materials such as carbon fibre used in the rigging of a sailing vessel to carry or support its sail.

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Spinnaker

A spinnaker is a sail designed specifically for sailing off the wind from a reaching course to a downwind, i.e. with the wind 90°–180° off bow.

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Spritsail

The spritsail is a four-sided, fore-and-aft sail that is supported at its highest points by the mast and a diagonally running spar known as the sprit.

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Square rig

Square rig is a generic type of sail and rigging arrangement in which the primary driving sails are carried on horizontal spars which are perpendicular, or square, to the keel of the vessel and to the masts.

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Staysail

A staysail is a fore-and-aft rigged sail whose luff can be affixed to a stay running forward (and most often but not always downwards) from a mast to the deck, the bowsprit, or to another mast (the mast is item 13 in the illustration right).

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Sumer

SumerThe name is from Akkadian Šumeru; Sumerian en-ĝir15, approximately "land of the civilized kings" or "native land".

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Tack (square sail)

The tack of a square-rigged sail is a line attached to its lower corner.

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Taffeta

Taffeta (archaically spelled taffety) is a crisp, smooth, plain woven fabric made from silk or cuprammonium rayons.

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Tell-tale (sailing)

A tell-tale, also known as a tell-tail, in a nautical or sailing context, is a piece of yarn or fabric attached to a stay, any of several wires which hold a mast in place on a sailboat.

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The New York Times International Edition

The New York Times International Edition is an English-language newspaper printed at 38 sites throughout the world and sold in more than 160 countries and territories.

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Thread (yarn)

Thread is a type of yarn used for sewing.

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Throat halyard

In sailing, the throat halyard (or throat for short) is a line that raises the end of a gaff nearer to the mast, as opposed to the peak halyard which raises the end further from the mast.

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Ubaid period

The Ubaid period (c. 6500 to 3800 BC) is a prehistoric period of Mesopotamia.

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Ultimate tensile strength

Ultimate tensile strength (UTS), often shortened to tensile strength (TS), ultimate strength, or Ftu within equations, is the capacity of a material or structure to withstand loads tending to elongate, as opposed to compressive strength, which withstands loads tending to reduce size.

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Ultrasonic welding

Ultrasonic welding is an industrial technique whereby high-frequency ultrasonic acoustic vibrations are locally applied to workpieces being held together under pressure to create a solid-state weld.

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Ultrasound

Ultrasound is sound waves with frequencies higher than the upper audible limit of human hearing.

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USA 17

USA-17 (formerly known as BMW Oracle Racing 90 or BOR90) is a sloop rigged racing trimaran built by the American sailing team BMW Oracle Racing to challenge for the 2010 America's Cup.

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Vectran

Vectran is a manufactured fiber, spun from a liquid-crystal polymer (LCP) created by Celanese Corporation and now manufactured by Kuraray.

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Vibration

Vibration is a mechanical phenomenon whereby oscillations occur about an equilibrium point.

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We, the Navigators

We, the Navigators, The Ancient Art of Landfinding in the Pacific is a 1972 book by the British-born New Zealand doctor David Lewis, which explains the principles of Micronesian and Polynesian navigation through his experience of placing his boat under control of several traditional navigators on long ocean voyages.

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Welding

Welding is a fabrication or sculptural process that joins materials, usually metals or thermoplastics, by causing fusion, which is distinct from lower temperature metal-joining techniques such as brazing and soldering, which do not melt the base metal.

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Windsurfing

Windsurfing is a surface water sport that combines elements of surfing and sailing.

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Wingsail

A wingsail is a variable-camber aerodynamic structure that is fitted to a marine vessel in place of conventional sails.

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Yale University

Yale University is an American private Ivy League research university in New Haven, Connecticut.

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Yard (sailing)

A yard is a spar on a mast from which sails are set.

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Yawl

A yawl is a two-masted sailing craft whose mainmast is taller than the mizzen mast (or aft-mast).

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1988 America's Cup

The 1988 America's Cup was the 27th America's Cup regatta, and was contested between the defender, San Diego Yacht Club represented by ''Stars & Stripes H3'', and the challenger, the Mercury Bay Boating Club represented by New Zealand Challenge's KZ-1.

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2010 America's Cup

The 33rd America's Cup between Société Nautique de Genève defending with team Alinghi against Golden Gate Yacht Club, and their racing team BMW Oracle Racing was the subject of extensive court action and litigation, surpassing in acrimony even the controversial 1988 America's Cup.

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References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sail

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