99 relations: Acid phosphatase, Aerodramus, Aldehyde dehydrogenase, Amylase, Animal, Antibiotic, Antimicrobial, Antiseptic, Antisialagogue, Bad breath, Bicarbonate, Blood cell, Blood plasma, Bolus (digestion), Bradykinin, British Dental Association, Buffering agent, Calcium, Camel, Carbonic anhydrase, Caterpillar, China, Chloride, Desiccation, Disinfectant, DNA, Dysgeusia, Edible bird's nest, Electrolyte, Enzyme, Epidermal growth factor, Epithelium, Fang, Fasting spittle, Food, Gainesville, Florida, Gingivitis, Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase, Glutathione S-transferase, Glycoprotein, Glycosaminoglycan, Haptocorrin, Hydrogen peroxide, Immunoglobulin A, Intrinsic factor, Iodine, Kallikrein, Lactoferrin, Lactoperoxidase, Lingual lipase, ..., Lingual papillae, Lipase, Lysozyme, Magnesium, Mouse, Mouth, Mucus, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor, Myoepithelial cell, N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase, NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone), Nerve growth factor, Opiorphin, Oral mucosa, Parasympathetic nervous system, Parotid gland, Periodontal disease, Peroxidase, Person, PH, Phosphate, Potassium, Proline, Protein, Salivary gland, Sialogogue, Silk, Singapore, Sodium, Species, Spitting, Spittoon, Starch, Submandibular gland, Superoxide dismutase, Swallowing, Swift, Sympathetic nervous system, Taboo, Taste, Thiocyanate, Tooth decay, Tooth enamel, Toxicofera, University of Florida, Vitamin B12, Water, Wound licking, Xerostomia. Expand index (49 more) »
Acid phosphatase
Acid phosphatase (acid phosphomonoesterase, phosphomonoesterase, glycerophosphatase, acid monophosphatase, acid phosphohydrolase, acid phosphomonoester hydrolase, uteroferrin, acid nucleoside diphosphate phosphatase, orthophosphoric-monoester phosphohydrolase (acid optimum)) is a phosphatase, a type of enzyme, used to free attached phosphoryl groups from other molecules during digestion.
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Aerodramus
Aerodramus is a genus of small, dark, cave-nesting birds in the Collocaliini tribe of the swift family.
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Aldehyde dehydrogenase
Aldehyde dehydrogenases are a group of enzymes that catalyse the oxidation of aldehydes.
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Amylase
An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars.
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Animal
Animals are multicellular eukaryotic organisms that form the biological kingdom Animalia.
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Antibiotic
An antibiotic (from ancient Greek αντιβιοτικά, antibiotiká), also called an antibacterial, is a type of antimicrobial drug used in the treatment and prevention of bacterial infections.
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Antimicrobial
An antimicrobial is an agent that kills microorganisms or stops their growth.
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Antiseptic
Antiseptics (from Greek ἀντί anti, "against" and σηπτικός sēptikos, "putrefactive") are antimicrobial substances that are applied to living tissue/skin to reduce the possibility of infection, sepsis, or putrefaction.
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Antisialagogue
Antisialagogues are substances that decrease the production of saliva and their effect is opposite to that of sialagogues.
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Bad breath
Bad breath, also known as halitosis, is a symptom in which a noticeably unpleasant odor is present on the breath.
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Bicarbonate
In inorganic chemistry, bicarbonate (IUPAC-recommended nomenclature: hydrogencarbonate) is an intermediate form in the deprotonation of carbonic acid.
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Blood cell
A blood cell, also called a haematopoietic cell, hemocyte, or hematocyte, is a cell produced through hematopoiesis and found mainly in the blood.
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Blood plasma
Blood plasma is a yellowish coloured liquid component of blood that normally holds the blood cells in whole blood in suspension; this makes plasma the extracellular matrix of blood cells.
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Bolus (digestion)
In digestion, a bolus (from Latin bolus, "ball") is a ball-like mixture of food and saliva that forms in the mouth during the process of chewing (which is largely an adaptation for plant-eating mammals).
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Bradykinin
Bradykinin is an inflammatory mediator.
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British Dental Association
The British Dental Association (BDA) is the professional association and registered trade union organisation for dentists in the United Kingdom.
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Buffering agent
A buffering agent is a weak acid or base used to maintain the acidity (pH) of a solution near a chosen value after the addition of another acid or base.
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Calcium
Calcium is a chemical element with symbol Ca and atomic number 20.
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Camel
A camel is an even-toed ungulate in the genus Camelus that bears distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back.
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Carbonic anhydrase
The carbonic anhydrases (or carbonate dehydratases) form a family of enzymes that catalyze the interconversion between carbon dioxide and water and the dissociated ions of carbonic acid (i.e. bicarbonate and protons).
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Caterpillar
Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
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China
China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a unitary one-party sovereign state in East Asia and the world's most populous country, with a population of around /1e9 round 3 billion.
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Chloride
The chloride ion is the anion (negatively charged ion) Cl−.
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Desiccation
Desiccation is the state of extreme dryness, or the process of extreme drying.
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Disinfectant
Disinfectants are antimicrobial agents that are applied to the surface of non-living objects to destroy microorganisms that are living on the objects.
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DNA
Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a thread-like chain of nucleotides carrying the genetic instructions used in the growth, development, functioning and reproduction of all known living organisms and many viruses.
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Dysgeusia
Dysgeusia, also known as parageusia, is a distortion of the sense of taste.
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Edible bird's nest
Edible bird's nests are bird nests created by edible-nest swiftlets using solidified saliva, which are harvested for human consumption.
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Electrolyte
An electrolyte is a substance that produces an electrically conducting solution when dissolved in a polar solvent, such as water.
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Enzyme
Enzymes are macromolecular biological catalysts.
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Epidermal growth factor
Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates cell growth and differentiation by binding to its receptor, EGFR.
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Epithelium
Epithelium is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue.
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Fang
A fang is a long, pointed tooth.
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Fasting spittle
Fasting spittle – saliva produced first thing in the morning, before breakfast – has been used to treat a wide variety of diseases for many hundreds of years.
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Food
Food is any substance consumed to provide nutritional support for an organism.
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Gainesville, Florida
Gainesville is the county seat and largest city in Alachua County, Florida, United States, and the principal city of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area (MSA).
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Gingivitis
Gingivitis is a non-destructive disease that occurs around the teeth.
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Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase
Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase (GPI), alternatively known as phosphoglucose isomerase (PGI) or phosphohexose isomerase (PHI), is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the GPI gene on chromosome 19.
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Glutathione S-transferase
Glutathione S-transferases (GSTs), previously known as ligandins, comprise a family of eukaryotic and prokaryotic phase II metabolic isozymes best known for their ability to catalyze the conjugation of the reduced form of glutathione (GSH) to xenobiotic substrates for the purpose of detoxification.
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Glycoprotein
Glycoproteins are proteins that contain oligosaccharide chains (glycans) covalently attached to amino acid side-chains.
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Glycosaminoglycan
Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) or mucopolysaccharides are long unbranched polysaccharides consisting of a repeating disaccharide unit.
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Haptocorrin
Haptocorrin also known as transcobalamin-1 (TC-1) or cobalophilin is a transcobalamin protein that in humans is encoded by the TCN1 gene.
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Hydrogen peroxide
Hydrogen peroxide is a chemical compound with the formula.
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Immunoglobulin A
Immunoglobulin A (IgA, also referred to as sIgA in its secretory form) is an antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune function of mucous membranes.
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Intrinsic factor
Intrinsic factor (IF), also known as gastric intrinsic factor (GIF), is a glycoprotein produced by the parietal cells of the stomach.
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Iodine
Iodine is a chemical element with symbol I and atomic number 53.
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Kallikrein
Kallikreins are a subgroup of serine proteases, enzymes capable of cleaving peptide bonds in proteins.
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Lactoferrin
Lactoferrin (LF), also known as lactotransferrin (LTF), is a multifunctional protein of the transferrin family.
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Lactoperoxidase
Lactoperoxidase is a peroxidase enzyme secreted from mammary, salivary, and other mucosal glands that functions as a natural antibacterial agent.
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Lingual lipase
Lingual lipase is a member of a family of digestive enzymes called triacylglycerol lipases, EC 3.1.1.3, that use the catalytic triad of aspartate, histidine, and serine to hydrolyze medium and long-chain triglycerides into partial glycerides and free fatty acids.
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Lingual papillae
Lingual papillae (singular papilla) are the small, nipple-like structures on the upper surface of the tongue that give it its characteristic rough texture.
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Lipase
A lipase is any enzyme that catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats (lipids).
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Lysozyme
Lysozyme, also known as muramidase or N-acetylmuramide glycanhydrolase is an antimicrobial enzyme produced by animals that forms part of the innate immune system.
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Magnesium
Magnesium is a chemical element with symbol Mg and atomic number 12.
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Mouse
A mouse (Mus), plural mice, is a small rodent characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail and a high breeding rate.
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Mouth
In animal anatomy, the mouth, also known as the oral cavity, buccal cavity, or in Latin cavum oris, is the opening through which many animals take in food and issue vocal sounds.
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Mucus
Mucus is a slippery aqueous secretion produced by, and covering, mucous membranes.
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Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors, or mAChRs, are acetylcholine receptors that form G protein-coupled receptor complexes in the cell membranes of certain neurons and other cells.
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Myoepithelial cell
Myoepithelial cells (sometimes referred to as myoepithelium) are cells usually found in glandular epithelium as a thin layer above the basement membrane but generally beneath the luminal cells.
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N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase
In enzymology, a N-acetylmuramoyl-L-alanine amidase is an enzyme that catalyzes a chemical reaction that cleaves the link between N-acetylmuramoyl residues and L-amino acid residues in certain cell-wall glycopeptides.
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NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone)
In enzymology, a NAD(P)H dehydrogenase (quinone) is an enzyme that catalyzes the chemical reaction The 4 substrates of this enzyme are NADH, NADPH, H+, and quinone, whereas its 3 products are NAD+, NADP+, and hydroquinone.
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Nerve growth factor
Nerve growth factor (NGF) is a neurotrophic factor and neuropeptide primarily involved in the regulation of growth, maintenance, proliferation, and survival of certain target neurons.
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Opiorphin
Opiorphin is an endogenous chemical compound first isolated from human saliva.
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Oral mucosa
The oral mucosa is the mucous membrane lining the inside of the mouth and consists of stratified squamous epithelium termed oral epithelium and an underlying connective tissue termed lamina propria.
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Parasympathetic nervous system
The parasympathetic nervous system (PSNS) is one of the two divisions of the autonomic nervous system (a division of the peripheral nervous system (PNS)), the other being the sympathetic nervous system.
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Parotid gland
The parotid gland is a major salivary gland in many animals.
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Periodontal disease
Periodontal disease, also known as gum disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth.
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Peroxidase
Peroxidases (EC number) are a large family of enzymes that typically catalyze a reaction of the form: For many of these enzymes the optimal substrate is hydrogen peroxide, but others are more active with organic hydroperoxides such as lipid peroxides.
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Person
A person is a being that has certain capacities or attributes such as reason, morality, consciousness or self-consciousness, and being a part of a culturally established form of social relations such as kinship, ownership of property, or legal responsibility.
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PH
In chemistry, pH is a logarithmic scale used to specify the acidity or basicity of an aqueous solution.
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Phosphate
A phosphate is chemical derivative of phosphoric acid.
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Potassium
Potassium is a chemical element with symbol K (from Neo-Latin kalium) and atomic number 19.
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Proline
Proline (symbol Pro or P) is a proteinogenic amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins.
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Protein
Proteins are large biomolecules, or macromolecules, consisting of one or more long chains of amino acid residues.
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Salivary gland
The salivary glands in mammals are exocrine glands that produce saliva through a system of ducts.
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Sialogogue
A sialogogue, sialagogue, ptysmagogue or ptyalagogue is a drug or substance that increases the flow rate of saliva.
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Silk
Silk is a natural protein fiber, some forms of which can be woven into textiles.
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Singapore
Singapore, officially the Republic of Singapore, is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia.
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Sodium
Sodium is a chemical element with symbol Na (from Latin natrium) and atomic number 11.
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Species
In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank, as well as a unit of biodiversity, but it has proven difficult to find a satisfactory definition.
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Spitting
Spitting is the act of forcibly ejecting saliva or other substances from the mouth.
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Spittoon
A spittoon (or spitoon) is a receptacle made for spitting into, especially by users of chewing and dipping tobacco.
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Starch
Starch or amylum is a polymeric carbohydrate consisting of a large number of glucose units joined by glycosidic bonds.
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Submandibular gland
The paired submandibular glands (historically known as submaxillary glands) are major salivary glands located beneath the floor of the mouth.
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Superoxide dismutase
Superoxide dismutase (SOD) is an enzyme that alternately catalyzes the dismutation (or partitioning) of the superoxide (O2&minus) radical into either ordinary molecular oxygen (O2) or hydrogen peroxide (H2O2).
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Swallowing
Swallowing, sometimes called deglutition in scientific contexts, is the process in the human or animal body that allows for a substance to pass from the mouth, to the pharynx, and into the esophagus, while shutting the epiglottis.
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Swift
The swifts are a family, Apodidae, of highly aerial birds.
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Sympathetic nervous system
The sympathetic nervous system (SNS) is one of the two main divisions of the autonomic nervous system, the other being the parasympathetic nervous system.
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Taboo
In any given society, a taboo is an implicit prohibition or strong discouragement against something (usually against an utterance or behavior) based on a cultural feeling that it is either too repulsive or dangerous, or, perhaps, too sacred for ordinary people.
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Taste
Taste, gustatory perception, or gustation is one of the five traditional senses that belongs to the gustatory system.
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Thiocyanate
Thiocyanate (also known as rhodanide) is the anion −. It is the conjugate base of thiocyanic acid.
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Tooth decay
Tooth decay, also known as dental caries or cavities, is a breakdown of teeth due to acids made by bacteria.
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Tooth enamel
Tooth enamel is one of the four major tissues that make up the tooth in humans and many other animals, including some species of fish.
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Toxicofera
Toxicofera (Greek for "those who bear toxins") is a proposed clade of scaled reptiles (squamates) that includes the Serpentes (snakes), Anguimorpha (monitor lizards, gila monster, and alligator lizards) and Iguania (iguanas, agamas, and chameleons).
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University of Florida
The University of Florida (commonly referred to as Florida or UF) is an American public land-grant, sea-grant, and space-grant research university on a campus in Gainesville, Florida.
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Vitamin B12
Vitamin B12, also called cobalamin, is a water-soluble vitamin that is involved in the metabolism of every cell of the human body: it is a cofactor in DNA synthesis, and in both fatty acid and amino acid metabolism.
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Water
Water is a transparent, tasteless, odorless, and nearly colorless chemical substance that is the main constituent of Earth's streams, lakes, and oceans, and the fluids of most living organisms.
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Wound licking
Wound licking is an instinctive response in humans and many other animals to lick an injury.
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Xerostomia
Xerostomia, also known as dry mouth and dry mouth syndrome, is dryness in the mouth, which may be associated with a change in the composition of saliva, or reduced salivary flow, or have no identifiable cause.
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References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saliva