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Semantic Web

Index Semantic Web

The Semantic Web is an extension of the World Wide Web through standards by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C). [1]

140 relations: AGRIS, Allan M. Collins, AltaVista, Amazon (company), Amazon Mechanical Turk, Annotation, Apress, Artificial intelligence, Business semantics management, Calais (Reuters product), Cascading Style Sheets, Centralisation, Computational semantics, Conceptual interoperability, Cory Doctorow, Credibility, Cryptography, Data, Data model, Database, DBpedia, Dean Allemang, Deductive reasoning, Defeasible reasoning, Description logic, Distributed computing, Document, Domain knowledge, Educational technology, Elizabeth Loftus, Embedded RDF, Entity–attribute–value model, EU Open Data Portal, Extensibility, File system, FOAF (ontology), Frank van Harmelen, Free University of Berlin, French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation, Fuzzy logic, Giant Global Graph, GoPubMed, GRDDL, HarperCollins, HTML, HTML element, Hyperdata, Hyperlink, Hypertext, Hypertext Transfer Protocol, ..., Inference, Information retrieval, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Intelligent agent, International Semantic Web Conference, Internet censorship, Internet of things, Italic type, James Hendler, JSON-LD, Jussi Karlgren, Knowledge management, Knowledge Navigator, Linked data, List of emerging technologies, Machine-readable data, Meaning (linguistics), Metacrap, Metadata, Microdata (HTML), Microformat, MIT Press, N-Triples, Nextbio, Notation3, OmniScriptum, Ontology (information science), Ontology learning, Ora Lassila, Paraconsistent logic, Peter Gärdenfors, Principle of explosion, Privacy, Probabilistic logic, RDF Schema, RDFa, Reasoning system, Relational database, Resource Description Framework, Rule Interchange Format, Scalability, Scalable Vector Graphics, Schema.org, Scientific American, Semantic computing, Semantic Geospatial Web, Semantic HTML, Semantic MediaWiki, Semantic network, Semantic Sensor Web, Semantic social network, Semantic triple, Semantic Web Rule Language, Semantic web service, Semantic Web Stack, Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities, Simple Knowledge Organization System, Smart-M3, SNOMED CT, Social Semantic Web, Spamming, SPARQL, System resource, Tacit knowledge, Text mining, Tim Berners-Lee, Tim O'Reilly, Timo Honkela, Trust service provider, Turtle (syntax), Unicode, Uniform Resource Identifier, Usability, User agent, Web 2.0, Web application, Web browser, Web crawler, Web engineering, Web Ontology Language, Web page, Web resource, Web science, Web search engine, Wikidata, World Wide Web, World Wide Web Consortium, XHTML, XML, XML Schema (W3C). Expand index (90 more) »

AGRIS

AGRIS (International System for Agricultural Science and Technology) is a global public domain database with more than 8 million structured bibliographical records on agricultural science and technology.

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Allan M. Collins

Allan M. Collins is an American cognitive scientist, Professor Emeritus of Learning Sciences at Northwestern University's School of Education and Social Policy.

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AltaVista

AltaVista was a Web search engine established in 1996.

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Amazon (company)

Amazon.com, Inc., doing business as Amazon, is an American electronic commerce and cloud computing company based in Seattle, Washington that was founded by Jeff Bezos on July 5, 1994.

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Amazon Mechanical Turk

Amazon Mechanical Turk (MTurk) is a crowdsourcing Internet marketplace enabling individuals and businesses (known as Requesters) to coordinate the use of human intelligence to perform tasks that computers are currently unable to do.

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Annotation

An annotation is a metadatum (e.g. a post, explanation, markup) attached to location or other data.

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Apress

Apress Media LLC is a publisher of information technology books, based in New York City.

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Artificial intelligence

Artificial intelligence (AI, also machine intelligence, MI) is intelligence demonstrated by machines, in contrast to the natural intelligence (NI) displayed by humans and other animals.

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Business semantics management

Business Semantics Management (BSM) encompasses the technology, methodology, organization, and culture that brings business stakeholders together to collaboratively realize the reconciliation of their heterogeneous metadata; and consequently the application of the derived business semantics patterns to establish semantic alignment between the underlying data structures.

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Calais (Reuters product)

Calais is a service by Thomson Reuters that automatically extracts semantic information from web pages in a format that can be used on the semantic web.

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Cascading Style Sheets

Cascading Style Sheets (CSS) is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language like HTML.

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Centralisation

Centralisation (British), or centralization (both British and American), is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those regarding planning and decision-making, become concentrated within a particular location or group, keeping all of the important decision-making powers within the head office or the centre of the organisation.

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Computational semantics

Computational semantics is the study of how to automate the process of constructing and reasoning with meaning representations of natural language expressions.

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Conceptual interoperability

Conceptual interoperability is a concept in simulation theory.

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Cory Doctorow

Cory Efram Doctorow (born July 17, 1971) is a Canadian-British on his wife, Alice Taylor's Twitter stream, 12 August 2011 blogger, journalist, and science fiction author who serves as co-editor of the blog Boing Boing.

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Credibility

Credibility comprises the objective and subjective components of the believability of a source or message.

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Cryptography

Cryptography or cryptology (from κρυπτός|translit.

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Data

Data is a set of values of qualitative or quantitative variables.

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Data model

A data model (or datamodel) is a set of tables, linked by relationships and is an abstract model that organizes elements of data and standardizes how they relate to one another and to properties of the real world entities.

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Database

A database is an organized collection of data, stored and accessed electronically.

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DBpedia

DBpedia (from "DB" for "database") is a project aiming to extract structured content from the information created in the Wikipedia project.

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Dean Allemang

Dean Allemang is a computer scientist known for his work on the semantic web.

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Deductive reasoning

Deductive reasoning, also deductive logic, logical deduction is the process of reasoning from one or more statements (premises) to reach a logically certain conclusion.

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Defeasible reasoning

In logic, defeasible reasoning is a kind of reasoning that is rationally compelling, though not deductively valid.

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Description logic

Description logics (DL) are a family of formal knowledge representation languages.

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Distributed computing

Distributed computing is a field of computer science that studies distributed systems.

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Document

A document is a written, drawn, presented, or memorialized representation of thought.

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Domain knowledge

Domain knowledge is knowledge of a specific, specialized discipline or field, in contrast to general knowledge, or domain-independent knowledge.

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Educational technology

Educational technology is "the study and ethical practice of facilitating learning and improving performance by creating, using, and managing appropriate technological processes and resources".

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Elizabeth Loftus

Elizabeth F. Loftus (born Elizabeth Fishman, October 16, 1944)Bower, G. H., (2007).

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Embedded RDF

Embedded RDF (eRDF) is a syntax for writing HTML in such a way that the information in the HTML document can be extracted (with an eRDF parser or XSLT style sheet) into Resource Description Framework (RDF).

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Entity–attribute–value model

Entity–attribute–value model (EAV) is a data model to encode, in a space-efficient manner, entities where the number of attributes (properties, parameters) that can be used to describe them is potentially vast, but the number that will actually apply to a given entity is relatively modest.

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EU Open Data Portal

The gives access to open data published by EU institutions, agencies and other bodies.

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Extensibility

Extensibility is a software engineering and systems design principle where the implementation takes future growth into consideration.

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File system

In computing, a file system or filesystem controls how data is stored and retrieved.

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FOAF (ontology)

FOAF (an acronym of friend of a friend) is a machine-readable ontology describing persons, their activities and their relations to other people and objects.

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Frank van Harmelen

Frank van Harmelen (born 1960) is a Dutch computer scientist and professor in Knowledge Representation & Reasoning in the AI department at the Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam.

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Free University of Berlin

The Free University of Berlin (Freie Universität Berlin, often abbreviated as FU Berlin or simply FU) is a research university located in Berlin, Germany.

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French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation

The French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation (Institut national de recherche en informatique et en automatique) is a French national research institution focusing on computer science and applied mathematics.

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Fuzzy logic

Fuzzy logic is a form of many-valued logic in which the truth values of variables may be any real number between 0 and 1.

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Giant Global Graph

Giant Global Graph (GGG) is a name coined in 2007 by Tim Berners-Lee to help distinguish between the nature and significance of the content on the existing World Wide Web and that of a promulgated next-generation web, presumptively named Web 3.0.

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GoPubMed

GoPubMed was a knowledge-based search engine for biomedical texts.

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GRDDL

GRDDL (pronounced "griddle") is a markup format for Gleaning Resource Descriptions from Dialects of Languages.

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HarperCollins

HarperCollins Publishers L.L.C. is one of the world's largest publishing companies and is one of the Big Five English-language publishing companies, alongside Hachette, Macmillan, Penguin Random House, and Simon & Schuster.

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HTML

Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) is the standard markup language for creating web pages and web applications.

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HTML element

An HTML element is an individual component of an HTML document or web page, once this has been parsed into the Document Object Model.

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Hyperdata

Hyperdata are data objects linked to other data objects in other places, as hypertext indicates text linked to other text in other places.

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Hyperlink

In computing, a hyperlink, or simply a link, is a reference to data that the reader can directly follow either by clicking, tapping, or hovering.

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Hypertext

Hypertext is text displayed on a computer display or other electronic devices with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access, or where text can be revealed progressively at multiple levels of detail (also called StretchText).

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Hypertext Transfer Protocol

The Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, and hypermedia information systems.

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Inference

Inferences are steps in reasoning, moving from premises to logical consequences.

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Information retrieval

Information retrieval (IR) is the activity of obtaining information system resources relevant to an information need from a collection of information resources.

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Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers

The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) is a professional association with its corporate office in New York City and its operations center in Piscataway, New Jersey.

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Intelligent agent

In artificial intelligence, an intelligent agent (IA) is an autonomous entity which observes through sensors and acts upon an environment using actuators (i.e. it is an agent) and directs its activity towards achieving goals (i.e. it is "rational", as defined in economics).

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International Semantic Web Conference

The International Semantic Web Conference (ISWC) is a series of academic conferences and the premier international forum, for the Semantic Web / Linked Data Community.

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Internet censorship

Internet censorship is the control or suppression of what can be accessed, published, or viewed on the Internet enacted by regulators, or on their own initiative.

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Internet of things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is the network of physical devices, vehicles, home appliances, and other items embedded with electronics, software, sensors, actuators, and connectivity which enables these things to connect and exchange data, creating opportunities for more direct integration of the physical world into computer-based systems, resulting in efficiency improvements, economic benefits, and reduced human exertions.

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Italic type

In typography, italic type is a cursive font based on a stylized form of calligraphic handwriting.

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James Hendler

James Alexander Hendler (born April 2, 1957) is an artificial intelligence researcher at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, United States, and one of the originators of the Semantic Web.

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JSON-LD

JSON-LD (JavaScript Object Notation for Linked Data), is a method of encoding Linked Data using JSON.

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Jussi Karlgren

Jussi Karlgren is a Swedish computational linguist, adjunct professor at KTH, and co-founder of text analytics company Gavagai AB.

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Knowledge management

Knowledge management (KM) is the process of creating, sharing, using and managing the knowledge and information of an organisation.

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Knowledge Navigator

The Knowledge Navigator is a concept described by former Apple Computer CEO John Sculley in his 1987 book, ''Odyssey''.

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Linked data

In computing, linked data (often capitalized as Linked Data) is a method of publishing structured data so that it can be interlinked and become more useful through semantic queries.

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List of emerging technologies

Emerging technologies are those technical innovations which represent progressive developments within a field for competitive advantage.

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Machine-readable data

Machine-readable data is data (or metadata) in a format that can be easily processed by a computer.

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Meaning (linguistics)

In linguistics, meaning is the information or concepts that a sender intends to convey, or does convey, in communication with a receiver.

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Metacrap

Metacrap is a derogatory term for metadata, likening it to "crap".

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Metadata

Metadata is "data that provides information about other data".

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Microdata (HTML)

Microdata is a WHATWG HTML specification used to nest metadata within existing content on web pages.

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Microformat

A microformat (sometimes abbreviated μF) is a World Wide Web-based approach to semantic markup which uses HTML/XHTML tags supported for other purposes to convey additional metadata and other attributes in web pages and other contexts that support (X)HTML, such as RSS.

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MIT Press

The MIT Press is a university press affiliated with the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge, Massachusetts (United States).

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N-Triples

N-Triples is a format for storing and transmitting data.

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Nextbio

NextBio is a privately owned software company that provides a platform for drug companies and life science researchers to search, discover, and share knowledge across public and proprietary data.

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Notation3

Notation3, or N3 as it is more commonly known, is a shorthand non-XML serialization of Resource Description Framework models, designed with human-readability in mind: N3 is much more compact and readable than XML RDF notation.

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OmniScriptum

Omniscriptum Publishing Group, formerly known as VDM Verlag Dr.

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Ontology (information science)

In computer science and information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming, and definition of the categories, properties, and relations of the concepts, data, and entities that substantiate one, many, or all domains.

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Ontology learning

Ontology learning (ontology extraction, ontology generation, or ontology acquisition) is the automatic or semi-automatic creation of ontologies, including extracting the corresponding domain's terms and the relationships between the concepts that these terms represent from a corpus of natural language text, and encoding them with an ontology language for easy retrieval.

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Ora Lassila

Ora Lassila is a Finnish computer scientist who lives and works as a Technology Architect at Pegasystems, in Cambridge, Massachusetts, U.S..

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Paraconsistent logic

A paraconsistent logic is a logical system that attempts to deal with contradictions in a discriminating way.

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Peter Gärdenfors

Björn Peter Gärdenfors (born 21 September 1949) is a professor of cognitive science at the University of Lund, Sweden.

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Principle of explosion

The principle of explosion (Latin: ex falso (sequitur) quodlibet (EFQ), "from falsehood, anything (follows)", or ex contradictione (sequitur) quodlibet (ECQ), "from contradiction, anything (follows)"), or the principle of Pseudo-Scotus, is the law of classical logic, intuitionistic logic and similar logical systems, according to which any statement can be proven from a contradiction.

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Privacy

Privacy is the ability of an individual or group to seclude themselves, or information about themselves, and thereby express themselves selectively.

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Probabilistic logic

The aim of a probabilistic logic (also probability logic and probabilistic reasoning) is to combine the capacity of probability theory to handle uncertainty with the capacity of deductive logic to exploit structure of formal argument.

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RDF Schema

RDF Schema (Resource Description Framework Schema, variously abbreviated as RDFS, RDF(S), RDF-S, or RDF/S) is a set of classes with certain properties using the RDF extensible knowledge representation data model, providing basic elements for the description of ontologies, otherwise called RDF vocabularies, intended to structure RDF resources.

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RDFa

RDFa (or Resource Description Framework in Attributes) is a W3C Recommendation that adds a set of attribute-level extensions to HTML, XHTML and various XML-based document types for embedding rich metadata within Web documents.

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Reasoning system

In information technology a reasoning system is a software system that generates conclusions from available knowledge using logical techniques such as deduction and induction.

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Relational database

A relational database is a digital database based on the relational model of data, as proposed by E. F. Codd in 1970.

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Resource Description Framework

The Resource Description Framework (RDF) is a family of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specifications originally designed as a metadata data model.

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Rule Interchange Format

The Rule Interchange Format (RIF) is a W3C Recommendation.

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Scalability

Scalability is the capability of a system, network, or process to handle a growing amount of work, or its potential to be enlarged to accommodate that growth.

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Scalable Vector Graphics

Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG) is an XML-based vector image format for two-dimensional graphics with support for interactivity and animation.

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Schema.org

Schema.org is a collaborative, community activity with a mission to create, maintain, and promote schemas for structured data on the Internet, on web pages, in email messages, and beyond.

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Scientific American

Scientific American (informally abbreviated SciAm) is an American popular science magazine.

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Semantic computing

Semantic computing is a field of computing that combines elements of semantic analysis, natural language processing, data mining and related fields.

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Semantic Geospatial Web

The Semantic Geospatial Web or Geospatial Semantic Web is a vision to include geospatial information at the core of the Semantic Web to facilitate information retrieval and information integration.

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Semantic HTML

Semantic HTML is the use of HTML markup to reinforce the semantics, or meaning, of the information in webpages and web applications rather than merely to define its presentation or look.

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Semantic MediaWiki

Semantic MediaWiki (SMW) is an extension to MediaWiki that allows for annotating semantic data within wiki pages, thus turning a wiki that incorporates the extension into a semantic wiki.

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Semantic network

A semantic network, or frame network is a knowledge base that represents semantic relations between concepts in a network.

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Semantic Sensor Web

The Semantic Sensor Web (SSW) is a marriage of sensor and Semantic Web technologies.

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Semantic social network

A semantic social network is the result of the application of Semantic Web technologies to social networks and online social media.

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Semantic triple

A semantic triple, or simply triple, is the atomic data entity in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model.

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Semantic Web Rule Language

The Semantic Web Rule Language (SWRL) is a proposed language for the Semantic Web that can be used to express rules as well as logic, combining OWL DL or OWL Lite with a subset of the Rule Markup Language (itself a subset of Datalog).

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Semantic web service

A semantic web service, like conventional web services, is the server end of a client–server system for machine-to-machine interaction via the World Wide Web.

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Semantic Web Stack

The Semantic Web Stack, also known as Semantic Web Cake or Semantic Web Layer Cake, illustrates the architecture of the Semantic Web.

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Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities

Semantically-Interlinked Online Communities Project (SIOC - pronounced "shock") is a Semantic Web technology.

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Simple Knowledge Organization System

Simple Knowledge Organization System (SKOS) is a W3C recommendation designed for representation of thesauri, classification schemes, taxonomies, subject-heading systems, or any other type of structured controlled vocabulary.

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Smart-M3

Smart-M3 is a name of an open-source software project that aims to provide a Semantic Web information sharing infrastructure between software entities and devices.

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SNOMED CT

SNOMED CT or SNOMED Clinical Terms is a systematically organized computer processable collection of medical terms providing codes, terms, synonyms and definitions used in clinical documentation and reporting.

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Social Semantic Web

The concept of the Social Semantic Web subsumes developments in which social interactions on the Web lead to the creation of explicit and semantically rich knowledge representations.

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Spamming

Electronic spamming is the use of electronic messaging systems to send an unsolicited message (spam), especially advertising, as well as sending messages repeatedly on the same site.

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SPARQL

SPARQL (pronounced "sparkle", a recursive acronym for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language) is an RDF query language, that is, a semantic query language for databases, able to retrieve and manipulate data stored in Resource Description Framework (RDF) format.

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System resource

In computing, a system resource, or simply resource, is any physical or virtual component of limited availability within a computer system.

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Tacit knowledge

Tacit knowledge (as opposed to formal, codified or explicit knowledge) is the kind of knowledge that is difficult to transfer to another person by means of writing it down or verbalizing it.

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Text mining

Text mining, also referred to as text data mining, roughly equivalent to text analytics, is the process of deriving high-quality information from text.

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Tim Berners-Lee

Sir Timothy John Berners-Lee (born 8 June 1955), also known as TimBL, is an English engineer and computer scientist, best known as the inventor of the World Wide Web.

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Tim O'Reilly

Tim O'Reilly (born 6 June 1954) is the founder of O'Reilly Media (formerly O'Reilly & Associates).

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Timo Honkela

Timo Honkela, PhD (born August 4, 1962), is a computer scientist and a professor at the University of Helsinki.

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Trust service provider

A trust service provider is a person or legal entity providing and preserving digital certificates to create and validate electronic signatures and to authenticate their signatories as well as websites in general.

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Turtle (syntax)

Terse RDF Triple Language (Turtle) is a syntax and file format for expressing data in the Resource Description Framework (RDF) data model.

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Unicode

Unicode is a computing industry standard for the consistent encoding, representation, and handling of text expressed in most of the world's writing systems.

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Uniform Resource Identifier

A Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) is a string of characters designed for unambiguous identification of resources and extensibility via the URI scheme.

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Usability

Usability is the ease of use and learnability of a human-made object such as a tool or device.

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User agent

In computing, a user agent is software (a software agent) that is acting on behalf of a user.

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Web 2.0

Web 2.0 refers to World Wide Web websites that emphasize user-generated content, usability (ease of use, even by non-experts), and interoperability (this means that a website can work well with other products, systems, and devices) for end users.

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Web application

In computing, a web application or web app is a client–server computer program which the client (including the user interface and client-side logic) runs in a web browser.

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Web browser

A web browser (commonly referred to as a browser) is a software application for accessing information on the World Wide Web.

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Web crawler

A Web crawler, sometimes called a spider, is an Internet bot that systematically browses the World Wide Web, typically for the purpose of Web indexing (web spidering).

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Web engineering

The World Wide Web has become a major delivery platform for a variety of complex and sophisticated enterprise applications in several domains.

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Web Ontology Language

The Web Ontology Language (OWL) is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies.

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Web page

A web page (also written as webpage) is a document that is suitable for the World Wide Web and web browsers.

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Web resource

The concept of a web resource is primitive in the web architecture, and is used in the definition of its fundamental elements.

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Web science

Web science is an emerging interdisciplinary field concerned with the study of large-scale socio-technical systems, such as the World Wide Web.

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Web search engine

A web search engine is a software system that is designed to search for information on the World Wide Web.

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Wikidata

Wikidata is a collaboratively edited knowledge base hosted by the Wikimedia Foundation.

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World Wide Web

The World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or the Web) is an information space where documents and other web resources are identified by Uniform Resource Locators (URLs), interlinked by hypertext links, and accessible via the Internet.

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World Wide Web Consortium

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3).

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XHTML

Extensible Hypertext Markup Language (XHTML) is part of the family of XML markup languages.

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XML

In computing, Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable.

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XML Schema (W3C)

XSD (XML Schema Definition), a recommendation of the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C), specifies how to formally describe the elements in an Extensible Markup Language (XML) document.

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Applications of Semantic Web technologies, Corporate Semantic Web, Criticism of the Semantic Web, Data Web, SemWeb, Semantic Internet, Semantic integrity, Semantic internet, Semantic web, Semantic-web, Semweb, Syntactic Web, Syntactic web, The semantic web, Web 3, Web 3.0.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Web

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