Logo
Unionpedia
Communication
Get it on Google Play
New! Download Unionpedia on your Android™ device!
Download
Faster access than browser!
 

Semitic languages

Index Semitic languages

The Semitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family originating in the Middle East. [1]

360 relations: Abjad, Abugida, Accusative case, Achaemenid Empire, Affricate consonant, Afroasiatic languages, Akkad (city), Akkadian Empire, Akkadian language, Al-Andalus, Aleph, Alexander Militarev, Algeria, Alphabet, Alveolar consonant, Amharas, Amharic, Ammon, Ammonite language, Ammonoidea, Amorite language, Amorites, Anatolia, Ancient Carthage, Ancient Church of the East, Ancient North Arabian, Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples, Ancient South Arabian script, Approximant consonant, Arabian Peninsula, Arabic, Arabic alphabet, Arabic languages, Arabization, Arabs, Aramaic alphabet, Aramaic language, Arameans, Argobba people, Assyria, Assyrian Church of the East, Assyrian Evangelical Church, Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, Assyrian Pentecostal Church, Assyrian people, August Ludwig von Schlözer, Ayin, Ḍād, Ḏāl, Ḫāʾ, ..., Ṯāʾ, Ẓāʾ, Babylonia, Bahrain, Banu Hilal, Bedouin, Begadkefat, Beni Ḥassān, Berber languages, Bet (letter), Biblical Aramaic, Biblical Hebrew, Biblical studies, Book of Genesis, Broken plural, Bronze Age, Cambridge University Press, Canaanite languages, Canaanite shift, Carthage, Caucasus, Central Asia, Central consonant, Central Semitic languages, Chaldea, Chaldean Catholic Church, Chaldean Neo-Aramaic, Chinese language, Christian, Christianity, Christianity in Eritrea, Christianity in Ethiopia, Classical Arabic, Comparative linguistics, Comparative method, Consonant, Coptic language, Cuneiform script, Cushitic languages, Dahalik language, Dalet, Democratic Federation of Northern Syria, Dental consonant, Diacritic, Digraph (orthography), Dilmun, Dongola, Dual (grammatical number), Early Muslim conquests, East Semitic languages, Eastern Aramaic languages, Ebla, Eblaite language, Edom, Edward Lipiński (orientalist), Edward Ullendorff, Egypt, Egyptian language, Ekron, Elamite language, Emphatic consonant, Encyclopædia Britannica, English language, Ergative–absolutive language, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Ethiopian Semitic languages, Europe, European Union, Expatriate, ʾIʿrab, Far East, Fertile Crescent, First language, Fricative consonant, Functional load, Gafat language, Göttingen School of History, Ge'ez, Ge'ez script, Gemination, Generations of Noah, Genitive case, Ghayn, Gibraltar, Gimel, Glottal consonant, Glottal stop, Gotthelf Bergsträsser, Grammatical number, Grammatical tense, Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem, Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa, Guillaume Postel, Gurage languages, Gurage people, Hamites, Harar, Harari language, Harari people, He (letter), Hebrew alphabet, Hebrew language, Hebrews, Heth, Hieroglyph, Himyaritic language, Hiob Ludolf, History of ancient Israel and Judah, History of the Jews in Kurdistan, Horn of Africa, Iberian Peninsula, Indo-European languages, Infix, Interdental consonant, Iram of the Pillars, Iran, Iranian Kurdistan, Iranian peoples, Iraq, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iron Age, Islam, Israel, James Cowles Prichard, Jerome, Jewish Babylonian Aramaic, Jews, Johann Gottfried Eichhorn, Jordan, Judaism, Jussive mood, K-T-B, Kabyle language, Kaph, Kingdom of Aksum, Kingdom of Israel (Samaria), Kingdom of Judah, Koine Greek, Kurdistan, Labial consonant, Lamedh, Language isolate, Lateral consonant, Latin script, Lebanon, Lenition, Levant, Lexical aspect, Libya, Lingua franca, Lullubi, Magan (civilization), Maghreb, Maghrebi Arabic, Malta, Maltese alphabet, Maltese language, Maltese people, Mandaeans, Mandaic language, Maronites, Mauritania, Mehri language, Mehri people, Melkite, Meluhha, Mem, Mesopotamia, Mhallami, Middle East, Midrash, Moab, Moabite language, Modern Hebrew, Modern South Arabian languages, Modern Standard Arabic, Morocco, Muslim, Muslim world, Nabataeans, Nasal consonant, Near East, Neo-Aramaic languages, Neo-Assyrian Empire, Neo-Babylonian Empire, Nominative case, Nonconcatenative morphology, North Africa, North America, Northwest Semitic languages, Nubia, Nun (letter), Nunation, Old Aramaic language, Old South Arabian, Oman, Orient, Oriental Orthodoxy, Palatal consonant, Palestinian territories, Pausa, Pe (letter), Peter T. Daniels, Pharyngeal consonant, Phoenicia, Phoenician alphabet, Phoenician language, Pictogram, Plural, Portugal, Proto-Berber language, Proto-Semitic language, Proto-Sinaitic script, Punics, Qatar, Qimant language, Qoph, Quran, Razihi language, Realis mood, Resh, Revival of the Hebrew language, Robert Hetzron, Roger Blench, Sabaean language, Sabaeans, Sacred language, Samaritan Hebrew, Samaritans, Samekh, Sanskrit, Saudi Arabia, Sebastian Brock, Semitic root, Septuagint, Sheba, Shehri language, Shem, Shin (letter), Sicily, Siculo-Arabic, Sidon, Silt'e people, Sinai Peninsula, Socotra, Sofer, Solomonic dynasty, Soqotri language, South Arabian, South Semitic languages, Spain, Stop consonant, Study of the Hebrew language, Sudan, Sumer, Sumerian language, Sutean language, Suteans, Syllabogram, Syria, Syriac alphabet, Syriac Catholic Church, Syriac Christianity, Syriac language, Syriac Orthodox Church, Taw, Teth, Thamud, Tiberian Hebrew, Tiglath-Pileser III, Tigrayans, Tigre language, Tigre people, Tigrinya language, Tigrinyas, Torah, Transfix, Trill consonant, Tsade, Tunisia, Turkey, Turkic peoples, Turkish Kurdistan, Turoyo language, Tyre, Lebanon, Ugarit, Ugaritic, Ugaritic alphabet, Uvular consonant, Varieties of Arabic, Velar consonant, Verb–subject–object, Vladislav Illich-Svitych, Voice (phonetics), Voicelessness, Vowel, Waw (letter), Waw-consecutive, West Semitic languages, Western Aramaic languages, Western Asia, Western Neo-Aramaic, Weyto language, William Clowes Ltd., Yemen, Yodh, Zay people, Zayin. Expand index (310 more) »

Abjad

An abjad (pronounced or) is a type of writing system where each symbol or glyph stands for a consonant, leaving the reader to supply the appropriate vowel.

New!!: Semitic languages and Abjad · See more »

Abugida

An abugida (from Ge'ez: አቡጊዳ ’abugida), or alphasyllabary, is a segmental writing system in which consonant–vowel sequences are written as a unit: each unit is based on a consonant letter, and vowel notation is secondary.

New!!: Semitic languages and Abugida · See more »

Accusative case

The accusative case (abbreviated) of a noun is the grammatical case used to mark the direct object of a transitive verb.

New!!: Semitic languages and Accusative case · See more »

Achaemenid Empire

The Achaemenid Empire, also called the First Persian Empire, was an empire based in Western Asia, founded by Cyrus the Great.

New!!: Semitic languages and Achaemenid Empire · See more »

Affricate consonant

An affricate is a consonant that begins as a stop and releases as a fricative, generally with the same place of articulation (most often coronal).

New!!: Semitic languages and Affricate consonant · See more »

Afroasiatic languages

Afroasiatic (Afro-Asiatic), also known as Afrasian and traditionally as Hamito-Semitic (Chamito-Semitic) or Semito-Hamitic, is a large language family of about 300 languages and dialects.

New!!: Semitic languages and Afroasiatic languages · See more »

Akkad (city)

Akkad (also Accad, Akkade, Agade; cuneiform URIKI) was the capital of the Akkadian Empire, which was the dominant political force in Mesopotamia during a period of about 150 years in the last third of the 3rd millennium BC.

New!!: Semitic languages and Akkad (city) · See more »

Akkadian Empire

The Akkadian Empire was the first ancient Semitic-speaking empire of Mesopotamia, centered in the city of Akkad and its surrounding region, also called Akkad in ancient Mesopotamia in the Bible.

New!!: Semitic languages and Akkadian Empire · See more »

Akkadian language

Akkadian (akkadû, ak-ka-du-u2; logogram: URIKI)John Huehnergard & Christopher Woods, "Akkadian and Eblaite", The Cambridge Encyclopedia of the World's Ancient Languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Akkadian language · See more »

Al-Andalus

Al-Andalus (الأنْدَلُس, trans.; al-Ándalus; al-Ândalus; al-Àndalus; Berber: Andalus), also known as Muslim Spain, Muslim Iberia, or Islamic Iberia, was a medieval Muslim territory and cultural domain occupying at its peak most of what are today Spain and Portugal.

New!!: Semitic languages and Al-Andalus · See more »

Aleph

Aleph (or alef or alif) is the first letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician 'Ālep 𐤀, Hebrew 'Ālef א, Aramaic Ālap 𐡀, Syriac ʾĀlap̄ ܐ, Arabic ا, Urdu ا, and Persian.

New!!: Semitic languages and Aleph · See more »

Alexander Militarev

Alexander Militarev (Алекса́ндр Ю́рьевич Милитарёв; born January 14, 1943) is a Russian scholar of Semitic, Berber, Canarian and Afroasiatic (Afrasian, Semito-Hamitic) languages, comparative-historical linguistics, Jewish and Bible studies.

New!!: Semitic languages and Alexander Militarev · See more »

Algeria

Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.

New!!: Semitic languages and Algeria · See more »

Alphabet

An alphabet is a standard set of letters (basic written symbols or graphemes) that is used to write one or more languages based upon the general principle that the letters represent phonemes (basic significant sounds) of the spoken language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Alphabet · See more »

Alveolar consonant

Alveolar consonants are articulated with the tongue against or close to the superior alveolar ridge, which is called that because it contains the alveoli (the sockets) of the superior teeth.

New!!: Semitic languages and Alveolar consonant · See more »

Amharas

Amharas (አማራ, Āmara; አምሐራ, ʾÄməḥära), also known as Abyssinians, are an ethnic group traditionally inhabiting the northern and central highlands of Ethiopia, particularly the Amhara Region.

New!!: Semitic languages and Amharas · See more »

Amharic

Amharic (or; Amharic: አማርኛ) is one of the Ethiopian Semitic languages, which are a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Amharic · See more »

Ammon

Ammon (ʻAmmūn) was an ancient Semitic-speaking nation occupying the east of the Jordan River, between the torrent valleys of Arnon and Jabbok, in present-day Jordan.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ammon · See more »

Ammonite language

Ammonite is the extinct Canaanite language of the Ammonite people mentioned in the Bible, who used to live in modern-day Jordan, and after whom its capital Amman is named.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ammonite language · See more »

Ammonoidea

Ammonoids are an extinct group of marine mollusc animals in the subclass Ammonoidea of the class Cephalopoda.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ammonoidea · See more »

Amorite language

Amorite is an extinct early Northwest Semitic language, formerly spoken by the Amorite tribes prominent in ancient Near Eastern history.

New!!: Semitic languages and Amorite language · See more »

Amorites

The Amorites (Sumerian 𒈥𒌅 MAR.TU; Akkadian Tidnum or Amurrūm; Egyptian Amar; Hebrew אמורי ʼĔmōrī; Ἀμορραῖοι) were an ancient Semitic-speaking people from Syria who also occupied large parts of southern Mesopotamia from the 21st century BC to the end of the 17th century BC, where they established several prominent city states in existing locations, notably Babylon, which was raised from a small town to an independent state and a major city.

New!!: Semitic languages and Amorites · See more »

Anatolia

Anatolia (Modern Greek: Ανατολία Anatolía, from Ἀνατολή Anatolḗ,; "east" or "rise"), also known as Asia Minor (Medieval and Modern Greek: Μικρά Ἀσία Mikrá Asía, "small Asia"), Asian Turkey, the Anatolian peninsula, or the Anatolian plateau, is the westernmost protrusion of Asia, which makes up the majority of modern-day Turkey.

New!!: Semitic languages and Anatolia · See more »

Ancient Carthage

Carthage (from Carthago; Punic:, Qart-ḥadašt, "New City") was the Phoenician state, including, during the 7th–3rd centuries BC, its wider sphere of influence, known as the Carthaginian Empire.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ancient Carthage · See more »

Ancient Church of the East

The Ancient Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܥܬܝܩܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ʿĒdtā ʿAttīqtā d'Maḏnəḥā, كنيسة المشرق القديمة, Kanīsa al-Mašriq al-Qadīma), officially the Ancient Holy Apostolic Catholic Church of the East, is an Eastern Christian denomination founded by Thoma Darmo in 1968.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ancient Church of the East · See more »

Ancient North Arabian

Ancient North Arabian (ANA)http://e-learning.tsu.ge/pluginfile.php/5868/mod_resource/content/0/dzveli_armosavluri_enebi_-ugarituli_punikuri_arameuli_ebrauli_arabuli.pdf refers to all South Semitic scripts excluding Ancient South Arabian (ASA) used in central and northern Arabia from the 8th century BCE to the 4th century CE.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ancient North Arabian · See more »

Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples

Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples were West Asian people who lived throughout the Ancient Near East, including the Levant, Mesopotamia, Arabian peninsula, and Horn of Africa from the third millennium BC until the end of antiquity.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ancient Semitic-speaking peoples · See more »

Ancient South Arabian script

The Ancient South Arabian script (Old South Arabian 𐩣𐩯𐩬𐩳 ms3nd; modern المُسنَد musnad) branched from the Proto-Sinaitic script in about the 9th century BC.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ancient South Arabian script · See more »

Approximant consonant

Approximants are speech sounds that involve the articulators approaching each other but not narrowly enough nor with enough articulatory precision to create turbulent airflow.

New!!: Semitic languages and Approximant consonant · See more »

Arabian Peninsula

The Arabian Peninsula, simplified Arabia (شِبْهُ الْجَزِيرَةِ الْعَرَبِيَّة, ‘Arabian island’ or جَزِيرَةُ الْعَرَب, ‘Island of the Arabs’), is a peninsula of Western Asia situated northeast of Africa on the Arabian plate.

New!!: Semitic languages and Arabian Peninsula · See more »

Arabic

Arabic (العَرَبِيَّة) or (عَرَبِيّ) or) is a Central Semitic language that first emerged in Iron Age northwestern Arabia and is now the lingua franca of the Arab world. It is named after the Arabs, a term initially used to describe peoples living from Mesopotamia in the east to the Anti-Lebanon mountains in the west, in northwestern Arabia, and in the Sinai peninsula. Arabic is classified as a macrolanguage comprising 30 modern varieties, including its standard form, Modern Standard Arabic, which is derived from Classical Arabic. As the modern written language, Modern Standard Arabic is widely taught in schools and universities, and is used to varying degrees in workplaces, government, and the media. The two formal varieties are grouped together as Literary Arabic (fuṣḥā), which is the official language of 26 states and the liturgical language of Islam. Modern Standard Arabic largely follows the grammatical standards of Classical Arabic and uses much of the same vocabulary. However, it has discarded some grammatical constructions and vocabulary that no longer have any counterpart in the spoken varieties, and has adopted certain new constructions and vocabulary from the spoken varieties. Much of the new vocabulary is used to denote concepts that have arisen in the post-classical era, especially in modern times. During the Middle Ages, Literary Arabic was a major vehicle of culture in Europe, especially in science, mathematics and philosophy. As a result, many European languages have also borrowed many words from it. Arabic influence, mainly in vocabulary, is seen in European languages, mainly Spanish and to a lesser extent Portuguese, Valencian and Catalan, owing to both the proximity of Christian European and Muslim Arab civilizations and 800 years of Arabic culture and language in the Iberian Peninsula, referred to in Arabic as al-Andalus. Sicilian has about 500 Arabic words as result of Sicily being progressively conquered by Arabs from North Africa, from the mid 9th to mid 10th centuries. Many of these words relate to agriculture and related activities (Hull and Ruffino). Balkan languages, including Greek and Bulgarian, have also acquired a significant number of Arabic words through contact with Ottoman Turkish. Arabic has influenced many languages around the globe throughout its history. Some of the most influenced languages are Persian, Turkish, Spanish, Urdu, Kashmiri, Kurdish, Bosnian, Kazakh, Bengali, Hindi, Malay, Maldivian, Indonesian, Pashto, Punjabi, Tagalog, Sindhi, and Hausa, and some languages in parts of Africa. Conversely, Arabic has borrowed words from other languages, including Greek and Persian in medieval times, and contemporary European languages such as English and French in modern times. Classical Arabic is the liturgical language of 1.8 billion Muslims and Modern Standard Arabic is one of six official languages of the United Nations. All varieties of Arabic combined are spoken by perhaps as many as 422 million speakers (native and non-native) in the Arab world, making it the fifth most spoken language in the world. Arabic is written with the Arabic alphabet, which is an abjad script and is written from right to left, although the spoken varieties are sometimes written in ASCII Latin from left to right with no standardized orthography.

New!!: Semitic languages and Arabic · See more »

Arabic alphabet

The Arabic alphabet (الأَبْجَدِيَّة العَرَبِيَّة, or الحُرُوف العَرَبِيَّة) or Arabic abjad is the Arabic script as it is codified for writing Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Arabic alphabet · See more »

Arabic languages

The Arabic language family consists of all of the descendants of Proto-Arabic, including.

New!!: Semitic languages and Arabic languages · See more »

Arabization

Arabization or Arabisation (تعريب) describes either the conquest and/or colonization of a non-Arab area and growing Arab influence on non-Arab populations, causing a language shift by their gradual adoption of the Arabic language and/or their incorporation of Arab culture, Arab identity.

New!!: Semitic languages and Arabization · See more »

Arabs

Arabs (عَرَب ISO 233, Arabic pronunciation) are a population inhabiting the Arab world.

New!!: Semitic languages and Arabs · See more »

Aramaic alphabet

The ancient Aramaic alphabet is adapted from the Phoenician alphabet and became distinct from it by the 8th century BCE.

New!!: Semitic languages and Aramaic alphabet · See more »

Aramaic language

Aramaic (אַרָמָיָא Arāmāyā, ܐܪܡܝܐ, آرامية) is a language or group of languages belonging to the Semitic subfamily of the Afroasiatic language family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Aramaic language · See more »

Arameans

The Arameans, or Aramaeans (ܐܪ̈ܡܝܐ), were an ancient Northwest Semitic Aramaic-speaking tribal confederation who emerged from the region known as Aram (in present-day Syria) in the Late Bronze Age (11th to 8th centuries BC).

New!!: Semitic languages and Arameans · See more »

Argobba people

The Argobba are an ethnic group inhabiting Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Argobba people · See more »

Assyria

Assyria, also called the Assyrian Empire, was a major Semitic speaking Mesopotamian kingdom and empire of the ancient Near East and the Levant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Assyria · See more »

Assyrian Church of the East

The Assyrian Church of the East (ܥܕܬܐ ܕܡܕܢܚܐ ܕܐܬܘܖ̈ܝܐ ʻĒdtā d-Madenḥā d-Ātorāyē), officially the Holy Apostolic Catholic Assyrian Church of the East (ʻEdtā Qaddīštā wa-Šlīḥāitā Qātolīqī d-Madenḥā d-Ātorāyē), is an Eastern Christian Church that follows the traditional christology and ecclesiology of the historical Church of the East.

New!!: Semitic languages and Assyrian Church of the East · See more »

Assyrian Evangelical Church

The Assyrian Evangelical Church is a Presbyterian church in the Middle East that attained a status of ecclesiastical independence from the Presbyterian mission in Iran in 1870.

New!!: Semitic languages and Assyrian Evangelical Church · See more »

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic (ܣܘܪܝܬ, sūrët), or just simply Assyrian, is a Neo-Aramaic language within the Semitic branch of the Afro-Asiatic language family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Assyrian Neo-Aramaic · See more »

Assyrian Pentecostal Church

No description.

New!!: Semitic languages and Assyrian Pentecostal Church · See more »

Assyrian people

Assyrian people (ܐܫܘܪܝܐ), or Syriacs (see terms for Syriac Christians), are an ethnic group indigenous to the Middle East.

New!!: Semitic languages and Assyrian people · See more »

August Ludwig von Schlözer

August Ludwig von Schlözer (5 July 1735, Gaggstatt9 September 1809, Göttingen) was a German historian who laid foundations for the critical study of Russian history.

New!!: Semitic languages and August Ludwig von Schlözer · See more »

Ayin

Ayin (also ayn, ain; transliterated) is the sixteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician, Hebrew, Aramaic, Syriac ܥ, and Arabic rtl (where it is sixteenth in abjadi order only).

New!!: Semitic languages and Ayin · See more »

Ḍād

(ض), is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being). In name and shape, it is a variant of.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ḍād · See more »

Ḏāl

(ذ, also be transcribed as) is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being). In Modern Standard Arabic it represents.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ḏāl · See more »

Ḫāʾ

(خ, transliterated as (DIN-31635), (Hans Wehr), (ALA-LC) or (ISO 233)), is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being). It is based on the ح. It represents the sound or in Modern Standard Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ḫāʾ · See more »

Ṯāʾ

() is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being). In Modern Standard Arabic it represents the voiceless dental fricative, also found in English as the "th" in words such as "think" and "thin".

New!!: Semitic languages and Ṯāʾ · See more »

Ẓāʾ

, or (ظ), is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being). In Classical Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic it represents a pharyngealized or velarized voiced dental fricative or.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ẓāʾ · See more »

Babylonia

Babylonia was an ancient Akkadian-speaking state and cultural area based in central-southern Mesopotamia (present-day Iraq).

New!!: Semitic languages and Babylonia · See more »

Bahrain

Bahrain (البحرين), officially the Kingdom of Bahrain (مملكة البحرين), is an Arab constitutional monarchy in the Persian Gulf.

New!!: Semitic languages and Bahrain · See more »

Banu Hilal

The Banu Hilal (Arabic: بنو هلال or الهلاليين) was a confederation of tribes of Arabia from the Hejaz and Najd regions of the Arabian Peninsula that emigrated to North Africa in the 11th century.

New!!: Semitic languages and Banu Hilal · See more »

Bedouin

The Bedouin (badawī) are a grouping of nomadic Arab peoples who have historically inhabited the desert regions in North Africa, the Arabian Peninsula, Iraq and the Levant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Bedouin · See more »

Begadkefat

Begadkefat (also begadkephat, begedkefet) is the name given to a phenomenon of lenition affecting the non-emphatic stop consonants of Biblical Hebrew and Aramaic when they are preceded by a vowel and not geminated.

New!!: Semitic languages and Begadkefat · See more »

Beni Ḥassān

Beni Ḥassan (Arabic: بني حسان "Children of Ḥassān") is a nomadic group of Arabian origin, one of the four sub-tribes of the Maqil Arab tribes who emigrated in the 11th century to the Maghreb with the Bani Hilal and Banu Sulaym tribes.

New!!: Semitic languages and Beni Ḥassān · See more »

Berber languages

The Berber languages, also known as Berber or the Amazigh languages (Berber name: Tamaziɣt, Tamazight; Neo-Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ, Tuareg Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵗⵜ, ⵝⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵗⵝ), are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Berber languages · See more »

Bet (letter)

Bet, Beth, Beh, or Vet is the second letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Bēt, Hebrew Bēt, Aramaic Bēth, Syriac Bēṯ ܒ, and Arabic ب Its sound value is a voiced bilabial stop ⟨b⟩ or a voiced labiodental fricative ⟨v.

New!!: Semitic languages and Bet (letter) · See more »

Biblical Aramaic

Biblical Aramaic is the form of Aramaic that is used in the books of Daniel, Ezra and a few other places in the Hebrew Bible.

New!!: Semitic languages and Biblical Aramaic · See more »

Biblical Hebrew

Biblical Hebrew (rtl Ivrit Miqra'it or rtl Leshon ha-Miqra), also called Classical Hebrew, is an archaic form of Hebrew, a Canaanite Semitic language spoken by the Israelites in the area known as Israel, roughly west of the Jordan River and east of the Mediterranean Sea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Biblical Hebrew · See more »

Biblical studies

Biblical studies is the academic application of a set of diverse disciplines to the study of the Bible (the Tanakh and the New Testament).

New!!: Semitic languages and Biblical studies · See more »

Book of Genesis

The Book of Genesis (from the Latin Vulgate, in turn borrowed or transliterated from Greek "", meaning "Origin"; בְּרֵאשִׁית, "Bərēšīṯ", "In beginning") is the first book of the Hebrew Bible (the Tanakh) and the Old Testament.

New!!: Semitic languages and Book of Genesis · See more »

Broken plural

In linguistics, a broken plural (or internal plural) is an irregular plural form of a noun or adjective found in the Semitic languages and other Afroasiatic languages such as Berber.

New!!: Semitic languages and Broken plural · See more »

Bronze Age

The Bronze Age is a historical period characterized by the use of bronze, and in some areas proto-writing, and other early features of urban civilization.

New!!: Semitic languages and Bronze Age · See more »

Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.

New!!: Semitic languages and Cambridge University Press · See more »

Canaanite languages

The Canaanite languages, or Canaanite dialects, are one of the three subgroups of the Northwest Semitic languages, the others being Aramaic and Amorite.

New!!: Semitic languages and Canaanite languages · See more »

Canaanite shift

In historical linguistics, the Canaanite shift is a sound change that took place in the Canaanite dialects, which belong to the Northwest Semitic branch of the Semitic languages family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Canaanite shift · See more »

Carthage

Carthage (from Carthago; Punic:, Qart-ḥadašt, "New City") was the center or capital city of the ancient Carthaginian civilization, on the eastern side of the Lake of Tunis in what is now the Tunis Governorate in Tunisia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Carthage · See more »

Caucasus

The Caucasus or Caucasia is a region located at the border of Europe and Asia, situated between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea and occupied by Russia, Georgia, Azerbaijan, and Armenia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Caucasus · See more »

Central Asia

Central Asia stretches from the Caspian Sea in the west to China in the east and from Afghanistan in the south to Russia in the north.

New!!: Semitic languages and Central Asia · See more »

Central consonant

A central consonant, also known as a median consonant, is a consonant sound that is produced when air flows across the center of the mouth over the tongue.

New!!: Semitic languages and Central consonant · See more »

Central Semitic languages

The Central Semitic languages are a proposed intermediate group of Semitic languages, comprising the Late Iron Age, modern dialect of Arabic (prior to which Arabic was a Southern Semitic language), and older Bronze Age Northwest Semitic languages (which include Aramaic, Ugaritic, and the Canaanite languages of Hebrew and Phoenician).

New!!: Semitic languages and Central Semitic languages · See more »

Chaldea

Chaldea or Chaldaea was a Semitic-speaking nation that existed between the late 10th or early 9th and mid-6th centuries BC, after which it and its people were absorbed and assimilated into Babylonia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Chaldea · See more »

Chaldean Catholic Church

The Chaldean Catholic Church (ܥܕܬܐ ܟܠܕܝܬܐ ܩܬܘܠܝܩܝܬܐ, ʿīdtha kaldetha qāthuliqetha; Arabic: الكنيسة الكلدانية al-Kanīsa al-kaldāniyya; translation) is an Eastern Catholic particular church (sui juris) in full communion with the Holy See and the rest of the Catholic Church, with the Chaldean Patriarchate having been originally formed out of the Church of the East in 1552.

New!!: Semitic languages and Chaldean Catholic Church · See more »

Chaldean Neo-Aramaic

No description.

New!!: Semitic languages and Chaldean Neo-Aramaic · See more »

Chinese language

Chinese is a group of related, but in many cases mutually unintelligible, language varieties, forming a branch of the Sino-Tibetan language family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Chinese language · See more »

Christian

A Christian is a person who follows or adheres to Christianity, an Abrahamic, monotheistic religion based on the life and teachings of Jesus Christ.

New!!: Semitic languages and Christian · See more »

Christianity

ChristianityFrom Ancient Greek Χριστός Khristós (Latinized as Christus), translating Hebrew מָשִׁיחַ, Māšîăḥ, meaning "the anointed one", with the Latin suffixes -ian and -itas.

New!!: Semitic languages and Christianity · See more »

Christianity in Eritrea

Eritrea is a multi-religious country; Eritrea has two dominant religions Islam and Christianity.According to the United States Department of State (USDoS) estimated that 50% of the population was Christian, around 48% was Muslim.

New!!: Semitic languages and Christianity in Eritrea · See more »

Christianity in Ethiopia

Christianity in Ethiopia dates to the ancient Kingdom of Aksum, when the King Ezana first adopted the faith.

New!!: Semitic languages and Christianity in Ethiopia · See more »

Classical Arabic

Classical Arabic is the form of the Arabic language used in Umayyad and Abbasid literary texts from the 7th century AD to the 9th century AD.

New!!: Semitic languages and Classical Arabic · See more »

Comparative linguistics

Comparative linguistics (originally comparative philology) is a branch of historical linguistics that is concerned with comparing languages to establish their historical relatedness.

New!!: Semitic languages and Comparative linguistics · See more »

Comparative method

In linguistics, the comparative method is a technique for studying the development of languages by performing a feature-by-feature comparison of two or more languages with common descent from a shared ancestor, in order to extrapolate back to infer the properties of that ancestor.

New!!: Semitic languages and Comparative method · See more »

Consonant

In articulatory phonetics, a consonant is a speech sound that is articulated with complete or partial closure of the vocal tract.

New!!: Semitic languages and Consonant · See more »

Coptic language

Coptic or Coptic Egyptian (Bohairic: ti.met.rem.ən.khēmi and Sahidic: t.mənt.rəm.ən.kēme) is the latest stage of the Egyptian language, a northern Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Egypt until at least the 17th century.

New!!: Semitic languages and Coptic language · See more »

Cuneiform script

Cuneiform script, one of the earliest systems of writing, was invented by the Sumerians.

New!!: Semitic languages and Cuneiform script · See more »

Cushitic languages

The Cushitic languages are a branch of the Afroasiatic language family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Cushitic languages · See more »

Dahalik language

Dahalik (ዳሃሊክ dahālík, " the people of Dahlak"; also Dahaalik, Dahlik, Dahlak) is an Afroasiatic language spoken exclusively in the Dahlak Archipelago in Eritrea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Dahalik language · See more »

Dalet

Dalet (also spelled Daleth or Daled) is the fourth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Dālet, Hebrew 'Dālet ד, Aramaic Dālath, Syriac Dālaṯ ܕ, and Arabic د (in abjadi order; 8th in modern order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Dalet · See more »

Democratic Federation of Northern Syria

The Democratic Federation of Northern Syria (DFNS), commonly known as Rojava, is a de facto autonomous region in northern Syria.

New!!: Semitic languages and Democratic Federation of Northern Syria · See more »

Dental consonant

A dental consonant is a consonant articulated with the tongue against the upper teeth, such as,,, and in some languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Dental consonant · See more »

Diacritic

A diacritic – also diacritical mark, diacritical point, diacritical sign, or an accent – is a glyph added to a letter, or basic glyph.

New!!: Semitic languages and Diacritic · See more »

Digraph (orthography)

A digraph or digram (from the δίς dís, "double" and γράφω gráphō, "to write") is a pair of characters used in the orthography of a language to write either a single phoneme (distinct sound), or a sequence of phonemes that does not correspond to the normal values of the two characters combined.

New!!: Semitic languages and Digraph (orthography) · See more »

Dilmun

Dilmun, or Telmun, (Arabic: دلمون, Sumerian: 𒆠, ni.tukki.

New!!: Semitic languages and Dilmun · See more »

Dongola

Dongola (دنقلا), also spelled Dunqulah, and formerly known as Al 'Urdi, is the capital of the state of Northern in Sudan, on the banks of the Nile, and a former Latin Catholic bishopric (14th century).

New!!: Semitic languages and Dongola · See more »

Dual (grammatical number)

Dual (abbreviated) is a grammatical number that some languages use in addition to singular and plural.

New!!: Semitic languages and Dual (grammatical number) · See more »

Early Muslim conquests

The early Muslim conquests (الفتوحات الإسلامية, al-Futūḥāt al-Islāmiyya) also referred to as the Arab conquests and early Islamic conquests began with the Islamic prophet Muhammad in the 7th century.

New!!: Semitic languages and Early Muslim conquests · See more »

East Semitic languages

The East Semitic languages are one of six current divisions of the Semitic languages, the others being Northwest Semitic, Arabian, Old South Arabian (also known as Sayhadic), Modern South Arabian, and Ethio-Semitic.

New!!: Semitic languages and East Semitic languages · See more »

Eastern Aramaic languages

Eastern Aramaic languages have developed from the varieties of Aramaic that developed in and around Mesopotamia (Iraq, southeast Turkey, northeast Syria and northwest and southwest Iran), as opposed to western varieties of the Levant (modern Levantine Syria and Lebanon).

New!!: Semitic languages and Eastern Aramaic languages · See more »

Ebla

Ebla (إبلا., modern: تل مرديخ, Tell Mardikh) was one of the earliest kingdoms in Syria.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ebla · See more »

Eblaite language

Eblaite (also known as Eblan ISO 639-3), or Paleo Syrian, is an extinct Semitic language which was used during the third millennium BCE by the populations of Northern Syria.

New!!: Semitic languages and Eblaite language · See more »

Edom

Edom (Assyrian: 𒌑𒁺𒈠𒀀𒀀 Uduma; Syriac: ܐܕܘܡ) was an ancient kingdom in Transjordan located between Moab to the northeast, the Arabah to the west and the Arabian Desert to the south and east.

New!!: Semitic languages and Edom · See more »

Edward Lipiński (orientalist)

Edward Lipiński, or Edouard Lipiński (born 18 June 1930 in Łódź, Poland), is a Belgian Biblical scholar and Orientalist.

New!!: Semitic languages and Edward Lipiński (orientalist) · See more »

Edward Ullendorff

Edward Ullendorff FBA (25 January 1920 – 6 March 2011) was a British scholar and historian.

New!!: Semitic languages and Edward Ullendorff · See more »

Egypt

Egypt (مِصر, مَصر, Khēmi), officially the Arab Republic of Egypt, is a transcontinental country spanning the northeast corner of Africa and southwest corner of Asia by a land bridge formed by the Sinai Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Egypt · See more »

Egyptian language

The Egyptian language was spoken in ancient Egypt and was a branch of the Afro-Asiatic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Egyptian language · See more »

Ekron

The city of Ekron (עֶקְרוֹן ʿeqrōn), in the Hellenistic period known as Accaron, was one of the five cities of the famed Philistine pentapolis, located in southwestern Canaan.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ekron · See more »

Elamite language

Elamite is an extinct language that was spoken by the ancient Elamites.

New!!: Semitic languages and Elamite language · See more »

Emphatic consonant

In Semitic linguistics, an emphatic consonant is an obstruent consonant which originally contrasted with series of both voiced and voiceless obstruents.

New!!: Semitic languages and Emphatic consonant · See more »

Encyclopædia Britannica

The Encyclopædia Britannica (Latin for "British Encyclopaedia"), published by Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc., is a general knowledge English-language encyclopaedia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Encyclopædia Britannica · See more »

English language

English is a West Germanic language that was first spoken in early medieval England and is now a global lingua franca.

New!!: Semitic languages and English language · See more »

Ergative–absolutive language

Ergative–absolutive languages, or ergative languages are languages that share a certain distinctive pattern relating to the subjects (technically, arguments) of verbs.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ergative–absolutive language · See more »

Eritrea

Eritrea (ኤርትራ), officially the State of Eritrea, is a country in the Horn of Africa, with its capital at Asmara.

New!!: Semitic languages and Eritrea · See more »

Ethiopia

Ethiopia (ኢትዮጵያ), officially the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (የኢትዮጵያ ፌዴራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ, yeʾĪtiyoṗṗya Fēdēralawī Dēmokirasīyawī Rīpebilīk), is a country located in the Horn of Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ethiopia · See more »

Ethiopian Semitic languages

Ethiopian Semitic (also known as Ethiosemitic or Ethiopic, or in the past by a few linguists as Abyssinian due to geographyIgor Mikhailovich Diakonov: Nauka, Central Department of Oriental Literature, (1965) pp 12) is a language group which forms the Western branch of the South Semitic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ethiopian Semitic languages · See more »

Europe

Europe is a continent located entirely in the Northern Hemisphere and mostly in the Eastern Hemisphere.

New!!: Semitic languages and Europe · See more »

European Union

The European Union (EU) is a political and economic union of EUnum member states that are located primarily in Europe.

New!!: Semitic languages and European Union · See more »

Expatriate

An expatriate (often shortened to expat) is a person temporarily or permanently residing in a country other than their native country.

New!!: Semitic languages and Expatriate · See more »

ʾIʿrab

(إِﻋْﺮَاب) is an Arabic term for the system of nominal, adjectival, or verbal suffixes of Classical Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and ʾIʿrab · See more »

Far East

The Far East is a geographical term in English that usually refers to East Asia (including Northeast Asia), the Russian Far East (part of North Asia), and Southeast Asia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Far East · See more »

Fertile Crescent

The Fertile Crescent (also known as the "cradle of civilization") is a crescent-shaped region where agriculture and early human civilizations like the Sumer and Ancient Egypt flourished due to inundations from the surrounding Nile, Euphrates, and Tigris rivers.

New!!: Semitic languages and Fertile Crescent · See more »

First language

A first language, native language or mother/father/parent tongue (also known as arterial language or L1) is a language that a person has been exposed to from birth or within the critical period.

New!!: Semitic languages and First language · See more »

Fricative consonant

Fricatives are consonants produced by forcing air through a narrow channel made by placing two articulators close together.

New!!: Semitic languages and Fricative consonant · See more »

Functional load

In linguistics and especially phonology, functional load (also referred to as phonemic load) refers to the importance of certain features in making distinctions in a language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Functional load · See more »

Gafat language

The Gafat language is an extinct South Ethiopian Semitic language that was once spoken along the Abbay River (Blue Nile) in Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Gafat language · See more »

Göttingen School of History

The Göttingen school of history was a group of historians associated with a particular style of historiography located at the University of Göttingen in the late 18th century.

New!!: Semitic languages and Göttingen School of History · See more »

Ge'ez

Ge'ez (ግዕዝ,; also transliterated Giʻiz) is an ancient South Semitic language and a member of the Ethiopian Semitic group.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ge'ez · See more »

Ge'ez script

Ge'ez (Ge'ez: ግዕዝ), also known as Ethiopic, is a script used as an abugida (alphasyllabary) for several languages of Ethiopia and Eritrea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ge'ez script · See more »

Gemination

Gemination, or consonant elongation, is the pronouncing in phonetics of a spoken consonant for an audibly longer period of time than that of a short consonant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Gemination · See more »

Generations of Noah

The Generations of Noah or Table of Nations (of the Hebrew Bible) is a genealogy of the sons of Noah and their dispersion into many lands after the Flood, focusing on the major known societies.

New!!: Semitic languages and Generations of Noah · See more »

Genitive case

In grammar, the genitive (abbreviated); also called the second case, is the grammatical case that marks a word, usually a noun, as modifying another word, also usually a noun.

New!!: Semitic languages and Genitive case · See more »

Ghayn

The Arabic letter غ (غين or) is the nineteenth letter of the Arabic alphabet, one of the six letters not in the twenty-two akin to the Phoenician alphabet (the others being). It is the twenty-second letter in the new Persian alphabet.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ghayn · See more »

Gibraltar

Gibraltar is a British Overseas Territory located at the southern tip of the Iberian Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Gibraltar · See more »

Gimel

Gimel is the third letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Gīml, Hebrew ˈGimel ג, Aramaic Gāmal, Syriac Gāmal ܓ, and Arabic ج (in alphabetical order; fifth in spelling order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Gimel · See more »

Glottal consonant

Glottal consonants are consonants using the glottis as their primary articulation.

New!!: Semitic languages and Glottal consonant · See more »

Glottal stop

The glottal stop is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis.

New!!: Semitic languages and Glottal stop · See more »

Gotthelf Bergsträsser

Gotthelf Bergsträsser (5 April 1886, Oberlosa, Plauen – 16 August 1933, near Berchtesgaden) was a German linguist specializing in Semitic studies, usually considered to be one of the greatest of the twentieth century.

New!!: Semitic languages and Gotthelf Bergsträsser · See more »

Grammatical number

In linguistics, grammatical number is a grammatical category of nouns, pronouns, and adjective and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two", or "three or more").

New!!: Semitic languages and Grammatical number · See more »

Grammatical tense

In grammar, tense is a category that expresses time reference with reference to the moment of speaking.

New!!: Semitic languages and Grammatical tense · See more »

Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch

The Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch, also known as the Antiochian Orthodox Church (Πατριαρχεῖον Ἀντιοχείας, Patriarcheîon Antiocheías; بطريركية أنطاكية وسائر المشرق للروم الأرثوذكس, Baṭriyarkiyya Anṭākiya wa-Sāʾir al-Mashriq li'l-Rūm al-Urthūdhuks), is an autocephalous Greek Orthodox Church within the wider communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity.

New!!: Semitic languages and Greek Orthodox Church of Antioch · See more »

Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem

The Eastern Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem (Πατριαρχεῖον Ἱεροσολύμων, Patriarcheîon Hierosolýmōn) or Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Jerusalem (كنيسة الروم الأرثوذكس في القدس Kanisatt Ar-rum al-Urtudoks fi al-Quds, literally Rûm/Roman Orthodox Church of Jerusalem), and officially called simply the Patriarchate of Jerusalem, is an autocephalous Church within the wider communion of Eastern Orthodox Christianity.

New!!: Semitic languages and Greek Orthodox Church of Jerusalem · See more »

Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa

The Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa (Greek: Πατριαρχεῖον Ἀλεξανδρείας καὶ πάσης Ἀφρικῆς, Patriarcheîon Alexandreías kaì pásēs Aphrikês) is an autocephalous Byzantine Rite jurisdiction of the Eastern Orthodox Church, having the African continent as its canonical territory.

New!!: Semitic languages and Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria and all Africa · See more »

Guillaume Postel

Guillaume Postel (25 March 1510 – 6 September 1581) was a French linguist, astronomer, Cabbalist, diplomat, professor, and religious universalist.

New!!: Semitic languages and Guillaume Postel · See more »

Gurage languages

The Gurage languages (ጉራጌ Guragē, also known as Guragie) are a group of South Ethiopic languages, which belong to the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Gurage languages · See more »

Gurage people

The Guraghe people are an Ethiopian Semitic-speaking ethnic group inhabiting Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Gurage people · See more »

Hamites

Hamites (from the biblical Ham) is a historical term in ethnology and linguistics for a division of the Caucasian race and the group of related languages these populations spoke.

New!!: Semitic languages and Hamites · See more »

Harar

Harar (Harari: ሐረር), and known to its inhabitants as Gēy (Harari: ጌይ), is a walled city in eastern Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Harar · See more »

Harari language

Harari is the language of the Harari people of Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Harari language · See more »

Harari people

The Harari people (هراري, Harari: ሐረሪ), also called Geyusu (Harari: ጌይኡሱእ) ("People of the City"), are an ethnic group inhabiting the Horn of Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Harari people · See more »

He (letter)

He is the fifth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Hē, Hebrew Hē, Aramaic Hē, Syriac Hē ܗ, and Arabic ﻫ. Its sound value is a voiceless glottal fricative.

New!!: Semitic languages and He (letter) · See more »

Hebrew alphabet

The Hebrew alphabet (אָלֶף־בֵּית עִבְרִי), known variously by scholars as the Jewish script, square script and block script, is an abjad script used in the writing of the Hebrew language, also adapted as an alphabet script in the writing of other Jewish languages, most notably in Yiddish (lit. "Jewish" for Judeo-German), Djudío (lit. "Jewish" for Judeo-Spanish), and Judeo-Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Hebrew alphabet · See more »

Hebrew language

No description.

New!!: Semitic languages and Hebrew language · See more »

Hebrews

Hebrews (Hebrew: עברים or עבריים, Tiberian ʿIḇrîm, ʿIḇriyyîm; Modern Hebrew ʿIvrim, ʿIvriyyim; ISO 259-3 ʕibrim, ʕibriyim) is a term appearing 34 times within 32 verses of the Hebrew Bible.

New!!: Semitic languages and Hebrews · See more »

Heth

or H̱et (also spelled Khet, Kheth, Chet, Cheth, Het, or Heth) is the eighth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Ḥēt, Hebrew Ḥēt, Aramaic Ḥēth, Syriac Ḥēṯ ܚ, and Arabic Ḥā'.

New!!: Semitic languages and Heth · See more »

Hieroglyph

A hieroglyph (Greek for "sacred writing") was a character of the ancient Egyptian writing system.

New!!: Semitic languages and Hieroglyph · See more »

Himyaritic language

Himyaritic or Al-Himyariah (لغة حمير luġat Ḥimyar, Language of Himyar) is a Semitic language that was spoken in Yemen, according to some by the Himyarites.

New!!: Semitic languages and Himyaritic language · See more »

Hiob Ludolf

Hiob Ludolf (or Job Leutholf) (15 June 1624 – 8 April 1704) was a German orientalist, born at Erfurt.

New!!: Semitic languages and Hiob Ludolf · See more »

History of ancient Israel and Judah

The Kingdom of Israel and the Kingdom of Judah were related kingdoms from the Iron Age period of the ancient Levant.

New!!: Semitic languages and History of ancient Israel and Judah · See more »

History of the Jews in Kurdistan

Jews of Kurdistan (יהודי כורדיסטן, Yehudei Kurdistan, lit. Jews of Kurdistan; אנשא דידן,, lit. our people; Kurdên cihû) are the ancient Eastern Jewish communities, inhabiting the region known as Kurdistan in northern Mesopotamia, roughly covering parts of northwestern Iran, northern Iraq, northeastern Syria and southeastern Turkey.

New!!: Semitic languages and History of the Jews in Kurdistan · See more »

Horn of Africa

The Horn of Africa is a peninsula in East Africa that juts into the Guardafui Channel, lying along the southern side of the Gulf of Aden and the southwest Red Sea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Horn of Africa · See more »

Iberian Peninsula

The Iberian Peninsula, also known as Iberia, is located in the southwest corner of Europe.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iberian Peninsula · See more »

Indo-European languages

The Indo-European languages are a language family of several hundred related languages and dialects.

New!!: Semitic languages and Indo-European languages · See more »

Infix

An infix is an affix inserted inside a word stem (an existing word).

New!!: Semitic languages and Infix · See more »

Interdental consonant

Interdental consonants are produced by placing the tip of the tongue between the upper and lower front teeth.

New!!: Semitic languages and Interdental consonant · See more »

Iram of the Pillars

Iram of the Pillars (إرَم ذات العماد), also called "Aram", "Irum", "Irem", "Erum", or the "City of the tent poles," is a lost city, region or tribe mentioned in the Qur'an.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iram of the Pillars · See more »

Iran

Iran (ایران), also known as Persia, officially the Islamic Republic of Iran (جمهوری اسلامی ایران), is a sovereign state in Western Asia. With over 81 million inhabitants, Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country. Comprising a land area of, it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17th-largest in the world. Iran is bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan, to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it geostrategic importance. Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic and cultural center. Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations, beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. It was first unified by the Iranian Medes in the seventh century BCE, reaching its greatest territorial size in the sixth century BCE, when Cyrus the Great founded the Achaemenid Empire, which stretched from Eastern Europe to the Indus Valley, becoming one of the largest empires in history. The Iranian realm fell to Alexander the Great in the fourth century BCE and was divided into several Hellenistic states. An Iranian rebellion culminated in the establishment of the Parthian Empire, which was succeeded in the third century CE by the Sasanian Empire, a leading world power for the next four centuries. Arab Muslims conquered the empire in the seventh century CE, displacing the indigenous faiths of Zoroastrianism and Manichaeism with Islam. Iran made major contributions to the Islamic Golden Age that followed, producing many influential figures in art and science. After two centuries, a period of various native Muslim dynasties began, which were later conquered by the Turks and the Mongols. The rise of the Safavids in the 15th century led to the reestablishment of a unified Iranian state and national identity, with the country's conversion to Shia Islam marking a turning point in Iranian and Muslim history. Under Nader Shah, Iran was one of the most powerful states in the 18th century, though by the 19th century, a series of conflicts with the Russian Empire led to significant territorial losses. Popular unrest led to the establishment of a constitutional monarchy and the country's first legislature. A 1953 coup instigated by the United Kingdom and the United States resulted in greater autocracy and growing anti-Western resentment. Subsequent unrest against foreign influence and political repression led to the 1979 Revolution and the establishment of an Islamic republic, a political system that includes elements of a parliamentary democracy vetted and supervised by a theocracy governed by an autocratic "Supreme Leader". During the 1980s, the country was engaged in a war with Iraq, which lasted for almost nine years and resulted in a high number of casualties and economic losses for both sides. According to international reports, Iran's human rights record is exceptionally poor. The regime in Iran is undemocratic, and has frequently persecuted and arrested critics of the government and its Supreme Leader. Women's rights in Iran are described as seriously inadequate, and children's rights have been severely violated, with more child offenders being executed in Iran than in any other country in the world. Since the 2000s, Iran's controversial nuclear program has raised concerns, which is part of the basis of the international sanctions against the country. The Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action, an agreement reached between Iran and the P5+1, was created on 14 July 2015, aimed to loosen the nuclear sanctions in exchange for Iran's restriction in producing enriched uranium. Iran is a founding member of the UN, ECO, NAM, OIC, and OPEC. It is a major regional and middle power, and its large reserves of fossil fuels – which include the world's largest natural gas supply and the fourth-largest proven oil reserves – exert considerable influence in international energy security and the world economy. The country's rich cultural legacy is reflected in part by its 22 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, the third-largest number in Asia and eleventh-largest in the world. Iran is a multicultural country comprising numerous ethnic and linguistic groups, the largest being Persians (61%), Azeris (16%), Kurds (10%), and Lurs (6%).

New!!: Semitic languages and Iran · See more »

Iranian Kurdistan

Iranian Kurdistan, or Eastern Kurdistan (Kurdish: Rojhilatê Kurdistanê), is an unofficial name for the parts of northwestern Iran inhabited by Kurds which borders Iraq and Turkey.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iranian Kurdistan · See more »

Iranian peoples

The Iranian peoples, or Iranic peoples, are a diverse Indo-European ethno-linguistic group that comprise the speakers of the Iranian languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iranian peoples · See more »

Iraq

Iraq (or; العراق; عێراق), officially known as the Republic of Iraq (جُمُهورية العِراق; کۆماری عێراق), is a country in Western Asia, bordered by Turkey to the north, Iran to the east, Kuwait to the southeast, Saudi Arabia to the south, Jordan to the southwest and Syria to the west.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iraq · See more »

Iraqi Kurdistan

Iraqi Kurdistan, officially called the Kurdistan Region of Iraq (Herêmî Kurdistan) by the Iraqi constitution, is an autonomous region located in northern Iraq.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iraqi Kurdistan · See more »

Iron Age

The Iron Age is the final epoch of the three-age system, preceded by the Stone Age (Neolithic) and the Bronze Age.

New!!: Semitic languages and Iron Age · See more »

Islam

IslamThere are ten pronunciations of Islam in English, differing in whether the first or second syllable has the stress, whether the s is or, and whether the a is pronounced, or (when the stress is on the first syllable) (Merriam Webster).

New!!: Semitic languages and Islam · See more »

Israel

Israel, officially the State of Israel, is a country in the Middle East, on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Israel · See more »

James Cowles Prichard

James Cowles Prichard, MD FRS (11 February 1786 – 23 December 1848) was a British physician and ethnologist with broad interests in physical anthropology and psychiatry.

New!!: Semitic languages and James Cowles Prichard · See more »

Jerome

Jerome (Eusebius Sophronius Hieronymus; Εὐσέβιος Σωφρόνιος Ἱερώνυμος; c. 27 March 347 – 30 September 420) was a priest, confessor, theologian, and historian.

New!!: Semitic languages and Jerome · See more »

Jewish Babylonian Aramaic

Babylonian Aramaic was the form of Middle Aramaic employed by writers in Babylonia between the 4th century and the 11th century CE.

New!!: Semitic languages and Jewish Babylonian Aramaic · See more »

Jews

Jews (יְהוּדִים ISO 259-3, Israeli pronunciation) or Jewish people are an ethnoreligious group and a nation, originating from the Israelites Israelite origins and kingdom: "The first act in the long drama of Jewish history is the age of the Israelites""The people of the Kingdom of Israel and the ethnic and religious group known as the Jewish people that descended from them have been subjected to a number of forced migrations in their history" and Hebrews of the Ancient Near East.

New!!: Semitic languages and Jews · See more »

Johann Gottfried Eichhorn

Johann Gottfried Eichhorn (October 16, 1752, Dörrenzimmern – June 27, 1827, Göttingen) was a German Protestant theologian of the Enlightenment and an early orientalist.

New!!: Semitic languages and Johann Gottfried Eichhorn · See more »

Jordan

Jordan (الْأُرْدُنّ), officially the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan (المملكة الأردنية الهاشمية), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia, on the East Bank of the Jordan River.

New!!: Semitic languages and Jordan · See more »

Judaism

Judaism (originally from Hebrew, Yehudah, "Judah"; via Latin and Greek) is the religion of the Jewish people.

New!!: Semitic languages and Judaism · See more »

Jussive mood

The jussive (abbreviated) is a grammatical mood of verbs for issuing orders, commanding, or exhorting (within a subjunctive framework).

New!!: Semitic languages and Jussive mood · See more »

K-T-B

K-T-B is a triconsonantal root of a number of Semitic words, typically those having to do with writing.

New!!: Semitic languages and K-T-B · See more »

Kabyle language

Kabyle, or Kabylian (native name: Taqbaylit), is a Berber language spoken by the Kabyle people in the north and northeast of Algeria.

New!!: Semitic languages and Kabyle language · See more »

Kaph

Kaf (also spelled kaph) is the eleventh letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Kāp, Hebrew Kāf, Aramaic Kāp, Syriac Kāp̄, and Arabic Kāf / (in Abjadi order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Kaph · See more »

Kingdom of Aksum

The Kingdom of Aksum (also known as the Kingdom of Axum, or the Aksumite Empire) was an ancient kingdom in what is now northern Ethiopia and Eritrea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Kingdom of Aksum · See more »

Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)

According to the Hebrew Bible, the Kingdom of Israel was one of two successor states to the former United Kingdom of Israel and Judah.

New!!: Semitic languages and Kingdom of Israel (Samaria) · See more »

Kingdom of Judah

The Kingdom of Judah (מַמְלֶכֶת יְהוּדָה, Mamlekhet Yehudāh) was an Iron Age kingdom of the Southern Levant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Kingdom of Judah · See more »

Koine Greek

Koine Greek,.

New!!: Semitic languages and Koine Greek · See more »

Kurdistan

Kurdistan (کوردستان; lit. "homeland of the Kurds") or Greater Kurdistan is a roughly defined geo-cultural historical region wherein the Kurdish people form a prominent majority population and Kurdish culture, languages and national identity have historically been based.

New!!: Semitic languages and Kurdistan · See more »

Labial consonant

Labial consonants are consonants in which one or both lips are the active articulator.

New!!: Semitic languages and Labial consonant · See more »

Lamedh

Lamed or Lamedh is the twelfth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Lāmed, Hebrew 'Lāmed, Aramaic Lāmadh, Syriac Lāmaḏ ܠ, and Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lamedh · See more »

Language isolate

A language isolate, in the absolute sense, is a natural language with no demonstrable genealogical (or "genetic") relationship with other languages, one that has not been demonstrated to descend from an ancestor common with any other language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Language isolate · See more »

Lateral consonant

A lateral is an l-like consonant in which the airstream proceeds along the sides of the tongue, but it is blocked by the tongue from going through the middle of the mouth.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lateral consonant · See more »

Latin script

Latin or Roman script is a set of graphic signs (script) based on the letters of the classical Latin alphabet, which is derived from a form of the Cumaean Greek version of the Greek alphabet, used by the Etruscans.

New!!: Semitic languages and Latin script · See more »

Lebanon

Lebanon (لبنان; Lebanese pronunciation:; Liban), officially known as the Lebanese RepublicRepublic of Lebanon is the most common phrase used by Lebanese government agencies.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lebanon · See more »

Lenition

In linguistics, lenition is a kind of sound change that alters consonants, making them more sonorous.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lenition · See more »

Levant

The Levant is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean.

New!!: Semitic languages and Levant · See more »

Lexical aspect

The lexical aspect or aktionsart (plural aktionsarten) of a verb is a part of the way in which that verb is structured in relation to time.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lexical aspect · See more »

Libya

Libya (ليبيا), officially the State of Libya (دولة ليبيا), is a sovereign state in the Maghreb region of North Africa, bordered by the Mediterranean Sea to the north, Egypt to the east, Sudan to the southeast, Chad and Niger to the south and Algeria and Tunisia to the west.

New!!: Semitic languages and Libya · See more »

Lingua franca

A lingua franca, also known as a bridge language, common language, trade language, auxiliary language, vernacular language, or link language is a language or dialect systematically used to make communication possible between people who do not share a native language or dialect, particularly when it is a third language that is distinct from both native languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lingua franca · See more »

Lullubi

The Lullubi or Lulubi were a group of Pre-Iranian tribes during the 3rd millennium BC, from a region known as Lulubum, now the Sharazor plain of the Zagros Mountains of modern Iraqi Kurdistan.

New!!: Semitic languages and Lullubi · See more »

Magan (civilization)

Magan (also Makkan) was an ancient region which was referred to in Sumerian cuneiform texts of around 2300 BC and existed to 550 BC as a source of copper and diorite for Mesopotamia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Magan (civilization) · See more »

Maghreb

The Maghreb (al-Maɣréb lit.), also known as the Berber world, Barbary, Berbery, and Northwest Africa, is a major region of North Africa that consists primarily of the countries Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia, Libya and Mauritania.

New!!: Semitic languages and Maghreb · See more »

Maghrebi Arabic

Maghrebi Arabic (Western Arabic; as opposed to Eastern Arabic or Mashriqi Arabic) is an Arabic dialect continuum spoken in the Maghreb region, in Morocco, Algeria, Tunisia, Libya, Western Sahara, and Mauritania.

New!!: Semitic languages and Maghrebi Arabic · See more »

Malta

Malta, officially known as the Republic of Malta (Repubblika ta' Malta), is a Southern European island country consisting of an archipelago in the Mediterranean Sea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Malta · See more »

Maltese alphabet

The Maltese alphabet is based on the Latin alphabet with the addition of some letters with diacritic marks and digraphs.

New!!: Semitic languages and Maltese alphabet · See more »

Maltese language

Maltese (Malti) is the national language of Malta and a co-official language of the country alongside English, while also serving as an official language of the European Union, the only Semitic language so distinguished.

New!!: Semitic languages and Maltese language · See more »

Maltese people

The Maltese (Maltin) are an ethnic group indigenous to Malta, and identified with the Maltese language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Maltese people · See more »

Mandaeans

Mandaeans (aṣ-Ṣābi'a al-Mandā'iyūn) are an ethnoreligious group indigenous to the alluvial plain of southern Mesopotamia and are followers of Mandaeism, a Gnostic religion.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mandaeans · See more »

Mandaic language

Mandaic is the language of the Mandaean religion and community.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mandaic language · See more »

Maronites

The Maronites are a Christian group who adhere to the Syriac Maronite Church with the largest population around Mount Lebanon in Lebanon.

New!!: Semitic languages and Maronites · See more »

Mauritania

Mauritania (موريتانيا; Gànnaar; Soninke: Murutaane; Pulaar: Moritani; Mauritanie), officially the Islamic Republic of Mauritania, is a country in the Maghreb region of Northwestern Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mauritania · See more »

Mehri language

Mehri or Mahri is a member of the Modern South Arabian languages, a subgroup of the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic family.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mehri language · See more »

Mehri people

Mehri (var. al-Mahrah, al-Meheri, al-Mahri or al-Mahra (المهرة), also known as al-Mahrah tribe (قبيلة المهرة), are an ethnic group primarily inhabiting South Arabia and the island of Socotra.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mehri people · See more »

Melkite

The term "Melkite", also written "Melchite", refers to various Byzantine Rite Christian churches and their members originating in the Middle East.

New!!: Semitic languages and Melkite · See more »

Meluhha

Meluḫḫa or Melukhkha is the Sumerian name of a prominent trading partner of Sumer during the Middle Bronze Age.

New!!: Semitic languages and Meluhha · See more »

Mem

Mem (also spelled Meem, Meme, or Mim) is the thirteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Mēm, Hebrew Mēm, Aramaic Mem, Syriac Mīm ܡܡ, and Arabic Mīm.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mem · See more »

Mesopotamia

Mesopotamia is a historical region in West Asia situated within the Tigris–Euphrates river system, in modern days roughly corresponding to most of Iraq, Kuwait, parts of Northern Saudi Arabia, the eastern parts of Syria, Southeastern Turkey, and regions along the Turkish–Syrian and Iran–Iraq borders.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mesopotamia · See more »

Mhallami

The Mhallami also Mhalmites, (محلّمي,; ܡܚܠܡܝ̈ܐ,; Turkish: Mıhellemi) is an Arab tribe, most of whom are living in and around the city of Mardin, Turkey.

New!!: Semitic languages and Mhallami · See more »

Middle East

The Middle Easttranslit-std; translit; Orta Şərq; Central Kurdish: ڕۆژھەڵاتی ناوین, Rojhelatî Nawîn; Moyen-Orient; translit; translit; translit; Rojhilata Navîn; translit; Bariga Dhexe; Orta Doğu; translit is a transcontinental region centered on Western Asia, Turkey (both Asian and European), and Egypt (which is mostly in North Africa).

New!!: Semitic languages and Middle East · See more »

Midrash

In Judaism, the midrash (. Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary. מִדְרָשׁ; pl. מִדְרָשִׁים midrashim) is the genre of rabbinic literature which contains early interpretations and commentaries on the Written Torah and Oral Torah (spoken law and sermons), as well as non-legalistic rabbinic literature (aggadah) and occasionally the Jewish religious laws (halakha), which usually form a running commentary on specific passages in the Hebrew Scripture (Tanakh).

New!!: Semitic languages and Midrash · See more »

Moab

Moab (Moabite: Māʾab;; Μωάβ Mōáb; Assyrian: 𒈬𒀪𒁀𒀀𒀀 Mu'aba, 𒈠𒀪𒁀𒀀𒀀 Ma'ba, 𒈠𒀪𒀊 Ma'ab; Egyptian 𓈗𓇋𓃀𓅱𓈉 Mu'ibu) is the historical name for a mountainous tract of land in Jordan.

New!!: Semitic languages and Moab · See more »

Moabite language

Moabite is an extinct Canaanite language formerly spoken in Moab (modern day central-western Jordan) in the early 1st millennium BC.

New!!: Semitic languages and Moabite language · See more »

Modern Hebrew

No description.

New!!: Semitic languages and Modern Hebrew · See more »

Modern South Arabian languages

The Modern South Arabian languages (Eastern South Semitic or Eastern South Arabian) are spoken mainly by small populations inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula, in Yemen and Oman.

New!!: Semitic languages and Modern South Arabian languages · See more »

Modern Standard Arabic

Modern Standard Arabic (MSA; اللغة العربية الفصحى 'the most eloquent Arabic language'), Standard Arabic, or Literary Arabic is the standardized and literary variety of Arabic used in writing and in most formal speech throughout the Arab world to facilitate communication.

New!!: Semitic languages and Modern Standard Arabic · See more »

Morocco

Morocco (officially known as the Kingdom of Morocco, is a unitary sovereign state located in the Maghreb region of North Africa. It is one of the native homelands of the indigenous Berber people. Geographically, Morocco is characterised by a rugged mountainous interior, large tracts of desert and a lengthy coastline along the Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea. Morocco has a population of over 33.8 million and an area of. Its capital is Rabat, and the largest city is Casablanca. Other major cities include Marrakesh, Tangier, Salé, Fes, Meknes and Oujda. A historically prominent regional power, Morocco has a history of independence not shared by its neighbours. Since the foundation of the first Moroccan state by Idris I in 788 AD, the country has been ruled by a series of independent dynasties, reaching its zenith under the Almoravid dynasty and Almohad dynasty, spanning parts of Iberia and northwestern Africa. The Marinid and Saadi dynasties continued the struggle against foreign domination, and Morocco remained the only North African country to avoid Ottoman occupation. The Alaouite dynasty, the current ruling dynasty, seized power in 1631. In 1912, Morocco was divided into French and Spanish protectorates, with an international zone in Tangier, and regained its independence in 1956. Moroccan culture is a blend of Berber, Arab, West African and European influences. Morocco claims the non-self-governing territory of Western Sahara, formerly Spanish Sahara, as its Southern Provinces. After Spain agreed to decolonise the territory to Morocco and Mauritania in 1975, a guerrilla war arose with local forces. Mauritania relinquished its claim in 1979, and the war lasted until a cease-fire in 1991. Morocco currently occupies two thirds of the territory, and peace processes have thus far failed to break the political deadlock. Morocco is a constitutional monarchy with an elected parliament. The King of Morocco holds vast executive and legislative powers, especially over the military, foreign policy and religious affairs. Executive power is exercised by the government, while legislative power is vested in both the government and the two chambers of parliament, the Assembly of Representatives and the Assembly of Councillors. The king can issue decrees called dahirs, which have the force of law. He can also dissolve the parliament after consulting the Prime Minister and the president of the constitutional court. Morocco's predominant religion is Islam, and the official languages are Arabic and Berber, with Berber being the native language of Morocco before the Arab conquest in the 600s AD. The Moroccan dialect of Arabic, referred to as Darija, and French are also widely spoken. Morocco is a member of the Arab League, the Union for the Mediterranean and the African Union. It has the fifth largest economy of Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Morocco · See more »

Muslim

A Muslim (مُسلِم) is someone who follows or practices Islam, a monotheistic Abrahamic religion.

New!!: Semitic languages and Muslim · See more »

Muslim world

The terms Muslim world and Islamic world commonly refer to the unified Islamic community (Ummah), consisting of all those who adhere to the religion of Islam, or to societies where Islam is practiced.

New!!: Semitic languages and Muslim world · See more »

Nabataeans

The Nabataeans, also Nabateans (الأنباط  , compare Ναβαταῖος, Nabataeus), were an Arab people who inhabited northern Arabia and the Southern Levant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Nabataeans · See more »

Nasal consonant

In phonetics, a nasal, also called a nasal occlusive, nasal stop in contrast with a nasal fricative, or nasal continuant, is an occlusive consonant produced with a lowered velum, allowing air to escape freely through the nose.

New!!: Semitic languages and Nasal consonant · See more »

Near East

The Near East is a geographical term that roughly encompasses Western Asia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Near East · See more »

Neo-Aramaic languages

The Neo-Aramaic or Modern Aramaic languages are varieties of the Semitic Aramaic, that are spoken vernaculars from the medieval to modern era that evolved out of Imperial Aramaic via Middle Aramaic dialects, around AD 1200 (conventional date).

New!!: Semitic languages and Neo-Aramaic languages · See more »

Neo-Assyrian Empire

The Neo-Assyrian Empire was an Iron Age Mesopotamian empire, in existence between 911 and 609 BC, and became the largest empire of the world up till that time.

New!!: Semitic languages and Neo-Assyrian Empire · See more »

Neo-Babylonian Empire

The Neo-Babylonian Empire (also Second Babylonian Empire) was a period of Mesopotamian history which began in 626 BC and ended in 539 BC.

New!!: Semitic languages and Neo-Babylonian Empire · See more »

Nominative case

The nominative case (abbreviated), subjective case, straight case or upright case is one of the grammatical cases of a noun or other part of speech, which generally marks the subject of a verb or the predicate noun or predicate adjective, as opposed to its object or other verb arguments.

New!!: Semitic languages and Nominative case · See more »

Nonconcatenative morphology

Nonconcatenative morphology, also called discontinuous morphology and introflection, is a form of word formation in which the root is modified and which does not involve stringing morphemes together sequentially.

New!!: Semitic languages and Nonconcatenative morphology · See more »

North Africa

North Africa is a collective term for a group of Mediterranean countries and territories situated in the northern-most region of the African continent.

New!!: Semitic languages and North Africa · See more »

North America

North America is a continent entirely within the Northern Hemisphere and almost all within the Western Hemisphere; it is also considered by some to be a northern subcontinent of the Americas.

New!!: Semitic languages and North America · See more »

Northwest Semitic languages

Northwest Semitic is a division of the Semitic language family comprising the indigenous languages of the Levant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Northwest Semitic languages · See more »

Nubia

Nubia is a region along the Nile river encompassing the area between Aswan in southern Egypt and Khartoum in central Sudan.

New!!: Semitic languages and Nubia · See more »

Nun (letter)

Nun is the fourteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Nūn, Hebrew Nun, Aramaic Nun, Syriac Nūn ܢܢ, and Arabic Nūn (in abjadi order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Nun (letter) · See more »

Nunation

In some Semitic languages, such as Arabic, nunation (تَنوِين) is the addition of one of three vowel diacritics (حَرَكَات) to a noun or adjective to indicate that the word ends in an alveolar nasal without the addition of the letter nūn.

New!!: Semitic languages and Nunation · See more »

Old Aramaic language

Old Aramaic (code: oar) refers to the earliest stage of the Aramaic language, considered to give way to Middle Aramaic by the 3rd century (a conventional date is the rise of the Sasanian Empire in 224 CE).

New!!: Semitic languages and Old Aramaic language · See more »

Old South Arabian

Old South Arabianhttp://e-learning.tsu.ge/pluginfile.php/5868/mod_resource/content/0/dzveli_armosavluri_enebi_-ugarituli_punikuri_arameuli_ebrauli_arabuli.pdf (or Epigraphic South Arabian, or Ṣayhadic) is a group of four closely related extinct languages spoken in the far southern portion of the Arabian Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Old South Arabian · See more »

Oman

Oman (عمان), officially the Sultanate of Oman (سلطنة عُمان), is an Arab country on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula in Western Asia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Oman · See more »

Orient

The Orient is the East, traditionally comprising anything that belongs to the Eastern world, in relation to Europe.

New!!: Semitic languages and Orient · See more »

Oriental Orthodoxy

Oriental Orthodoxy is the fourth largest communion of Christian churches, with about 76 million members worldwide.

New!!: Semitic languages and Oriental Orthodoxy · See more »

Palatal consonant

Palatal consonants are consonants articulated with the body of the tongue raised against the hard palate (the middle part of the roof of the mouth).

New!!: Semitic languages and Palatal consonant · See more »

Palestinian territories

Palestinian territories and occupied Palestinian territories (OPT or oPt) are terms often used to describe the West Bank (including East Jerusalem) and the Gaza Strip, which are occupied or otherwise under the control of Israel.

New!!: Semitic languages and Palestinian territories · See more »

Pausa

In linguistics, pausa (Latin for "break", from Greek "παῦσις" pausis "stopping, ceasing") is the hiatus between prosodic units.

New!!: Semitic languages and Pausa · See more »

Pe (letter)

Pe is the seventeenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Pē, Hebrew Pē פ, Aramaic Pē, Syriac Pē ܦ, and Arabic ف (in abjadi order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Pe (letter) · See more »

Peter T. Daniels

Peter T. Daniels (born December 11, 1951, currently living in New Jersey) is a scholar of writing systems, specializing in typology.

New!!: Semitic languages and Peter T. Daniels · See more »

Pharyngeal consonant

A pharyngeal consonant is a consonant that is articulated primarily in the pharynx.

New!!: Semitic languages and Pharyngeal consonant · See more »

Phoenicia

Phoenicia (or; from the Φοινίκη, meaning "purple country") was a thalassocratic ancient Semitic civilization that originated in the Eastern Mediterranean and in the west of the Fertile Crescent.

New!!: Semitic languages and Phoenicia · See more »

Phoenician alphabet

The Phoenician alphabet, called by convention the Proto-Canaanite alphabet for inscriptions older than around 1050 BC, is the oldest verified alphabet.

New!!: Semitic languages and Phoenician alphabet · See more »

Phoenician language

Phoenician was a language originally spoken in the coastal (Mediterranean) region then called "Canaan" in Phoenician, Hebrew, Old Arabic, and Aramaic, "Phoenicia" in Greek and Latin, and "Pūt" in the Egyptian language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Phoenician language · See more »

Pictogram

A pictogram, also called a pictogramme, pictograph, or simply picto, and in computer usage an icon, is an ideogram that conveys its meaning through its pictorial resemblance to a physical object.

New!!: Semitic languages and Pictogram · See more »

Plural

The plural (sometimes abbreviated), in many languages, is one of the values of the grammatical category of number.

New!!: Semitic languages and Plural · See more »

Portugal

Portugal, officially the Portuguese Republic (República Portuguesa),In recognized minority languages of Portugal: Portugal is the oldest state in the Iberian Peninsula and one of the oldest in Europe, its territory having been continuously settled, invaded and fought over since prehistoric times.

New!!: Semitic languages and Portugal · See more »

Proto-Berber language

Proto-Berber is the reconstructed proto-language from which the modern Berber languages stem.

New!!: Semitic languages and Proto-Berber language · See more »

Proto-Semitic language

Proto-Semitic is a hypothetical reconstructed language ancestral to the historical Semitic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Proto-Semitic language · See more »

Proto-Sinaitic script

Proto-Sinaitic, also referred to as Sinaitic, Proto-Canaanite, Old Canaanite, or Canaanite, is a term for both a Middle Bronze Age (Middle Kingdom) script attested in a small corpus of inscriptions found at Serabit el-Khadim in the Sinai Peninsula, Egypt, and the reconstructed common ancestor of the Paleo-Hebrew, Phoenician and South Arabian scripts (and, by extension, of most historical and modern alphabets).

New!!: Semitic languages and Proto-Sinaitic script · See more »

Punics

The Punics (from Latin punicus, pl. punici), also known as Carthaginians, were a people from Ancient Carthage (now in Tunisia, North Africa) who traced their origins to the Phoenicians.

New!!: Semitic languages and Punics · See more »

Qatar

Qatar (or; قطر; local vernacular pronunciation), officially the State of Qatar (دولة قطر), is a sovereign country located in Western Asia, occupying the small Qatar Peninsula on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Qatar · See more »

Qimant language

The Qimant language is a highly endangered language spoken by a small and elderly fraction of the Qemant people in northern Ethiopia, mainly in the Chilga woreda in Semien Gondar Zone between Gondar and Metemma.

New!!: Semitic languages and Qimant language · See more »

Qoph

Qoph or Qop (Phoenician Qōp) is the nineteenth letter of the Semitic abjads.

New!!: Semitic languages and Qoph · See more »

Quran

The Quran (القرآن, literally meaning "the recitation"; also romanized Qur'an or Koran) is the central religious text of Islam, which Muslims believe to be a revelation from God (Allah).

New!!: Semitic languages and Quran · See more »

Razihi language

Razihi (Rāziḥī) is a South Semitic language spoken by at least 62,900 people in the vicinity of Mount Razih (Jabal Razih) in the far northwestern corner of Yemen.

New!!: Semitic languages and Razihi language · See more »

Realis mood

A realis mood (abbreviated) is a grammatical mood which is used principally to indicate that something is a statement of fact; in other words, to express what the speaker considers to be a known state of affairs, as in declarative sentences.

New!!: Semitic languages and Realis mood · See more »

Resh

Resh is the twentieth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Rēsh, Hebrew Rēsh, Aramaic Rēsh, Syriac Rēsh ܪ, and Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Resh · See more »

Revival of the Hebrew language

The revival of the Hebrew language took place in Europe and Israel toward the end of the 19th century and into the 20th century, through which the language's usage changed from the sacred language of Judaism to a spoken and written language used for daily life in Israel.

New!!: Semitic languages and Revival of the Hebrew language · See more »

Robert Hetzron

Robert Hetzron, born Herzog (31 December 1937, Budapest – 12 August 1997, Santa Barbara, California), was a Hungarian-born linguist known for his work on the comparative study of Afro-Asiatic languages, as well as for his study of Cushitic and Ethiopian Semitic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Robert Hetzron · See more »

Roger Blench

Roger Marsh Blench (born 1953) is a British linguist, ethnomusicologist and development anthropologist.

New!!: Semitic languages and Roger Blench · See more »

Sabaean language

Sabaean (Sabaic), also sometimes incorrectly known as Ḥimyarite (Himyaritic), was an Old South Arabian language spoken in Yemen between c. 1000 BC and the 6th century AD, by the Sabaeans.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sabaean language · See more »

Sabaeans

The Sabaeans or Sabeans (اَلـسَّـبَـئِـيُّـون,; שבא; Musnad: 𐩪𐩨𐩱) were an ancient people speaking an Old South Arabian language who lived in the southern Arabian Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sabaeans · See more »

Sacred language

A sacred language, "holy language" (in religious context) or liturgical language is any language that is cultivated and used primarily in religious service or for other religious reasons by people who speak another, primary language in their daily life.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sacred language · See more »

Samaritan Hebrew

Samaritan Hebrew is a reading tradition used liturgically by the Samaritans for reading the Ancient Hebrew language of the Samaritan Pentateuch, in contrast to Biblical Hebrew (the language of the Masoretic Jewish Pentateuch).

New!!: Semitic languages and Samaritan Hebrew · See more »

Samaritans

The Samaritans (Samaritan Hebrew: ࠔࠠࠌࠝࠓࠩࠉࠌ,, "Guardians/Keepers/Watchers (of the Torah)") are an ethnoreligious group of the Levant originating from the Israelites (or Hebrews) of the Ancient Near East.

New!!: Semitic languages and Samaritans · See more »

Samekh

Samekh or Simketh is the fifteenth letter of many Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Samek, Hebrew ˈSamekh, Aramaic Semkath, Syriac Semkaṯ ܣ, representing.

New!!: Semitic languages and Samekh · See more »

Sanskrit

Sanskrit is the primary liturgical language of Hinduism; a philosophical language of Hinduism, Sikhism, Buddhism and Jainism; and a former literary language and lingua franca for the educated of ancient and medieval India.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sanskrit · See more »

Saudi Arabia

Saudi Arabia, officially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), is a sovereign Arab state in Western Asia constituting the bulk of the Arabian Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Saudi Arabia · See more »

Sebastian Brock

Sebastian Paul Brock, FBA (born 1938, London) is generally acknowledged as the foremost academic in the field of Syriac language today.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sebastian Brock · See more »

Semitic root

The roots of verbs and most nouns in the Semitic languages are characterized as a sequence of consonants or "radicals" (hence the term consonantal root).

New!!: Semitic languages and Semitic root · See more »

Septuagint

The Septuagint or LXX (from the septuāgintā literally "seventy"; sometimes called the Greek Old Testament) is the earliest extant Greek translation of the Old Testament from the original Hebrew.

New!!: Semitic languages and Septuagint · See more »

Sheba

Sheba (Ge'ez: ሳባ, Saba, سبأ, Sabaʾ, South Arabian S-b-ʾ, שבא, Šəḇā) was a South Arabian speaking kingdom believed to be in modern day Yemen mentioned in the Hebrew Bible (Old Testament) and the Quran.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sheba · See more »

Shehri language

Shehri, also known as Jibbali ("mountain" language in Omani Arabic), is a Modern South Arabian language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Shehri language · See more »

Shem

Shem (שֵׁם Šēm; Σήμ Sēm; Ge'ez: ሴም, Sēm; "renown; prosperity; name"; Arabic: سام Sām) was one of the sons of Noah in the Hebrew Bible as well as in Islamic literature.

New!!: Semitic languages and Shem · See more »

Shin (letter)

Shin (also spelled Šin or Sheen) is the name of the twenty-first letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Shin, Hebrew Shin, Aramaic Shin, Syriac Shin ܫ, and Arabic Shin (in abjadi order, 13th in modern order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Shin (letter) · See more »

Sicily

Sicily (Sicilia; Sicìlia) is the largest island in the Mediterranean Sea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sicily · See more »

Siculo-Arabic

Siculo-Arabic (or Sicilian Arabic) is the term used for the variety (or varieties) of Arabic that were spoken in the Emirate of Sicily (that included Malta) from the 9th century, persisting under the subsequent Norman rule till the 13th century.

New!!: Semitic languages and Siculo-Arabic · See more »

Sidon

Sidon (صيدا, صيدون,; French: Saida; Phoenician: 𐤑𐤃𐤍, Ṣīdūn; Biblical Hebrew:, Ṣīḏōn; Σιδών), translated to 'fishery' or 'fishing-town', is the third-largest city in Lebanon.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sidon · See more »

Silt'e people

The Silt'e people also Silte people (Silt'e: ስልጤ; simplified form: Silte) are an ethnic group in southern Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Silt'e people · See more »

Sinai Peninsula

The Sinai Peninsula or simply Sinai (now usually) is a peninsula in Egypt, and the only part of the country located in Asia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sinai Peninsula · See more »

Socotra

Socotra سُقُطْرَى Suqadara, also called Soqotra, located between the Guardafui Channel and the Arabian Sea, is the largest of four islands of the Socotra archipelago.

New!!: Semitic languages and Socotra · See more »

Sofer

A Sofer, Sopher, Sofer SeTaM, or Sofer ST"M (Heb: "scribe", סופר סת״ם) (female: soferet) is a Jewish scribe who can transcribe sifrei Torah, tefillin, and mezuzot, and other religious writings.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sofer · See more »

Solomonic dynasty

The Solomonic dynasty, also known as the House of Solomon, is the former ruling Imperial House of the Ethiopian Empire.

New!!: Semitic languages and Solomonic dynasty · See more »

Soqotri language

Soqotri (also spelt Socotri, Sokotri, or Suqutri; autonym: méthel d-saqátri) is a South Semitic language spoken by the Soqotri people on the island of Socotra and the two nearby islands of Abd al Kuri and Samhah, in the Socotra archipelago, off the southern coast of Yemen.

New!!: Semitic languages and Soqotri language · See more »

South Arabian

The term South Arabian covers South Semitic languages spoken on the southern Arabian peninsula, i.e. or those originating or those which evolved from languages in South Arabia.

New!!: Semitic languages and South Arabian · See more »

South Semitic languages

South Semitic is a putative branch of the Semitic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and South Semitic languages · See more »

Spain

Spain (España), officially the Kingdom of Spain (Reino de España), is a sovereign state mostly located on the Iberian Peninsula in Europe.

New!!: Semitic languages and Spain · See more »

Stop consonant

In phonetics, a stop, also known as a plosive or oral occlusive, is a consonant in which the vocal tract is blocked so that all airflow ceases.

New!!: Semitic languages and Stop consonant · See more »

Study of the Hebrew language

Study of the Hebrew language has an ancient history.

New!!: Semitic languages and Study of the Hebrew language · See more »

Sudan

The Sudan or Sudan (السودان as-Sūdān) also known as North Sudan since South Sudan's independence and officially the Republic of the Sudan (جمهورية السودان Jumhūriyyat as-Sūdān), is a country in Northeast Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sudan · See more »

Sumer

SumerThe name is from Akkadian Šumeru; Sumerian en-ĝir15, approximately "land of the civilized kings" or "native land".

New!!: Semitic languages and Sumer · See more »

Sumerian language

Sumerian (𒅴𒂠 "native tongue") is the language of ancient Sumer and a language isolate that was spoken in southern Mesopotamia (modern-day Iraq).

New!!: Semitic languages and Sumerian language · See more »

Sutean language

The Sutean language (Sutû) is mentioned by a clay tablet from the Middle Assyrian Empire, presumably originating from the city of Emar in what is now northeast Syria, among a list of languages spoken in the region.

New!!: Semitic languages and Sutean language · See more »

Suteans

The Suteans were a Semitic people who lived throughout the Levant and Canaan c. 1350 BC, and later also lived in Babylonia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Suteans · See more »

Syllabogram

Syllabograms are signs used to write the syllables (or morae) of words.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syllabogram · See more »

Syria

Syria (سوريا), officially known as the Syrian Arab Republic (الجمهورية العربية السورية), is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syria · See more »

Syriac alphabet

The Syriac alphabet is a writing system primarily used to write the Syriac language since the 1st century AD.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syriac alphabet · See more »

Syriac Catholic Church

The Syriac Catholic Church (or Syrian Catholic Church) (ʿĪṯo Suryoyṯo Qaṯolīqayṯo), (also known as Syriac Catholic Patriarchate of Antioch or Aramean Catholic Church), is an Eastern Catholic Christian Church in the Levant that uses the West Syriac Rite liturgy and has many practices and rites in common with the Syriac Orthodox Church.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syriac Catholic Church · See more »

Syriac Christianity

Syriac Christianity (ܡܫܝܚܝܘܬܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܬܐ / mšiḥāiūṯā suryāiṯā) refers to Eastern Christian traditions that employs Syriac language in their liturgical rites.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syriac Christianity · See more »

Syriac language

Syriac (ܠܫܢܐ ܣܘܪܝܝܐ), also known as Syriac Aramaic or Classical Syriac, is a dialect of Middle Aramaic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syriac language · See more »

Syriac Orthodox Church

The Syriac Orthodox Church of Antioch (ʿĪṯo Suryoyṯo Trišaṯ Šubḥo; الكنيسة السريانية الأرثوذكسية), or Syriac Orthodox Patriarchate of Antioch and All the East, is an Oriental Orthodox Church with autocephalous patriarchate established in Antioch in 518, tracing its founding to St. Peter and St. Paul in the 1st century, according to its tradition.

New!!: Semitic languages and Syriac Orthodox Church · See more »

Taw

Taw, tav, or taf is the twenty-second and last letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Tāw, Hebrew Tav, Aramaic Taw, Syriac Taw ܬ, and Arabic Tāʼ ت (in abjadi order, 3rd in modern order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Taw · See more »

Teth

Teth, also written as or Tet, is the ninth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Ṭēt, Hebrew Ṭēt, Aramaic Ṭēth, Syriac Ṭēṯ ܛ, and Arabic ط. It is 16th in modern Arabic order.

New!!: Semitic languages and Teth · See more »

Thamud

The Thamūd (ثـمـود) is the name of an ancient civilization in the Hejaz known from the 8th century BCE to near the time of Muhammad.

New!!: Semitic languages and Thamud · See more »

Tiberian Hebrew

Tiberian Hebrew is the canonical pronunciation of the Hebrew Bible or Tanakh committed to writing by Masoretic scholars living in the Jewish community of Tiberias in ancient Judea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tiberian Hebrew · See more »

Tiglath-Pileser III

Tiglath-Pileser III (cuneiform: TUKUL.TI.A.É.ŠÁR.RA; Akkadian: Tukultī-apil-Ešarra, "my trust is in the son of the Ešarra") was a prominent king of Assyria in the eighth century BCE (ruled 745–727 BCE) who introduced advanced civil, military, and political systems into the Neo-Assyrian Empire.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tiglath-Pileser III · See more »

Tigrayans

Tigrayans (ተጋሩ) also called Agazian, are an ethnolinguistic group primarily inhabiting the Eritrean highlands and the northern Tigray region of Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tigrayans · See more »

Tigre language

Tigre (ትግረ tigre or ትግሬ tigrē), better known in Eritrea by its autonym Tigrayit (ትግራይት), and also known by speakers in Sudan as Xasa (الخاصية ḫāṣiyah), is an Afroasiatic language spoken in Northeast Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tigre language · See more »

Tigre people

The Tigre people are an ethnic group inhabiting Eritrea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tigre people · See more »

Tigrinya language

Tigrinya (often written as Tigrigna) is an Afroasiatic language of the Semitic branch.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tigrinya language · See more »

Tigrinyas

The Tigrinyas (also referred to as Biher Tigrinya, Kebessa, and Bihere-Tigrinya) are an ethnic group inhabiting central Eritrea.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tigrinyas · See more »

Torah

Torah (תּוֹרָה, "Instruction", "Teaching" or "Law") has a range of meanings.

New!!: Semitic languages and Torah · See more »

Transfix

In linguistic morphology, a transfix is a discontinuous affix which is inserted into a word root, as in root-and-pattern systems of morphology, like those of many Semitic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and Transfix · See more »

Trill consonant

In phonetics, a trill is a consonantal sound produced by vibrations between the active articulator and passive articulator.

New!!: Semitic languages and Trill consonant · See more »

Tsade

Ṣade (also spelled Ṣādē, Tsade, Ṣaddi,, Tzadi, Sadhe, Tzaddik) is the eighteenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Çādē, Hebrew Ṣādi, Aramaic Ṣāḏē, Syriac Ṣāḏē ܨ, Ge'ez Ṣädäy ጸ, and Arabic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tsade · See more »

Tunisia

Tunisia (تونس; Berber: Tunes, ⵜⵓⵏⴻⵙ; Tunisie), officially the Republic of Tunisia, (الجمهورية التونسية) is a sovereign state in Northwest Africa, covering. Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11.93 million in 2016. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on its northeast coast. Geographically, Tunisia contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains, and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its of coastline include the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, feature the African mainland's second and third nearest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. It is considered to be the only full democracy in the Arab World. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the United States. In addition, Tunisia is also a member state of the United Nations and a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Close relations with Europe in particular with France and with Italy have been forged through economic cooperation, privatisation and industrial modernization. In ancient times, Tunisia was primarily inhabited by Berbers. Phoenician immigration began in the 12th century BC; these immigrants founded Carthage. A major mercantile power and a military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans, who would occupy Tunisia for most of the next eight hundred years, introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the El Djem amphitheater. After several attempts starting in 647, the Muslims conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697, followed by the Ottoman Empire between 1534 and 1574. The Ottomans held sway for over three hundred years. The French colonization of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tunisia · See more »

Turkey

Turkey (Türkiye), officially the Republic of Turkey (Türkiye Cumhuriyeti), is a transcontinental country in Eurasia, mainly in Anatolia in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan peninsula in Southeast Europe.

New!!: Semitic languages and Turkey · See more »

Turkic peoples

The Turkic peoples are a collection of ethno-linguistic groups of Central, Eastern, Northern and Western Asia as well as parts of Europe and North Africa.

New!!: Semitic languages and Turkic peoples · See more »

Turkish Kurdistan

Turkish Kurdistan, or Northern Kurdistan (Bakurê Kurdistanê), refers to portions of Turkey's Eastern Anatolia Region and Southeastern Anatolia Region where Kurds form the predominant ethnic group.

New!!: Semitic languages and Turkish Kurdistan · See more »

Turoyo language

No description.

New!!: Semitic languages and Turoyo language · See more »

Tyre, Lebanon

Tyre (صور, Ṣūr; Phoenician:, Ṣūr; צוֹר, Ṣōr; Tiberian Hebrew, Ṣōr; Akkadian:, Ṣurru; Greek: Τύρος, Týros; Sur; Tyrus, Տիր, Tir), sometimes romanized as Sour, is a district capital in the South Governorate of Lebanon.

New!!: Semitic languages and Tyre, Lebanon · See more »

Ugarit

Ugarit (𐎜𐎂𐎗𐎚, ʼUgart; أُوغَارِيت Ūġārīt, alternatively أُوجَارِيت Ūǧārīt) was an ancient port city in northern Syria.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ugarit · See more »

Ugaritic

Ugaritic is an extinct Northwest Semitic language discovered by French archaeologists in 1929.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ugaritic · See more »

Ugaritic alphabet

The Ugaritic script is a cuneiform abjad used from around either the fifteenth century BCE or 1300 BCE for Ugaritic, an extinct Northwest Semitic language, and discovered in Ugarit (modern Ras Shamra), Syria, in 1928.

New!!: Semitic languages and Ugaritic alphabet · See more »

Uvular consonant

Uvulars are consonants articulated with the back of the tongue against or near the uvula, that is, further back in the mouth than velar consonants.

New!!: Semitic languages and Uvular consonant · See more »

Varieties of Arabic

There are many varieties of Arabic (dialects or otherwise) in existence.

New!!: Semitic languages and Varieties of Arabic · See more »

Velar consonant

Velars are consonants articulated with the back part of the tongue (the dorsum) against the soft palate, the back part of the roof of the mouth (known also as the velum).

New!!: Semitic languages and Velar consonant · See more »

Verb–subject–object

In linguistic typology, a verb–subject–object (VSO) language is one in which the most typical sentences arrange their elements in that order, as in Ate Sam oranges (Sam ate oranges).

New!!: Semitic languages and Verb–subject–object · See more »

Vladislav Illich-Svitych

Vladislav Markovich Illich-Svitych (Владисла́в Ма́ркович И́ллич-Сви́тыч, also transliterated as Illič-Svityč; September 12, 1934 – August 22, 1966) was a linguist and accentologist, also a founding father of comparative Nostratic linguistics.

New!!: Semitic languages and Vladislav Illich-Svitych · See more »

Voice (phonetics)

Voice is a term used in phonetics and phonology to characterize speech sounds (usually consonants).

New!!: Semitic languages and Voice (phonetics) · See more »

Voicelessness

In linguistics, voicelessness is the property of sounds being pronounced without the larynx vibrating.

New!!: Semitic languages and Voicelessness · See more »

Vowel

A vowel is one of the two principal classes of speech sound, the other being a consonant.

New!!: Semitic languages and Vowel · See more »

Waw (letter)

Waw/Vav ("hook") is the sixth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician wāw, Aramaic waw, Hebrew vav, Syriac waw ܘ and Arabic wāw و (sixth in abjadi order; 27th in modern Arabic order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Waw (letter) · See more »

Waw-consecutive

The waw-consecutive or vav-consecutive is a grammatical construction in Classical Hebrew.

New!!: Semitic languages and Waw-consecutive · See more »

West Semitic languages

The West Semitic languages are a proposed major sub-grouping of ancient Semitic languages.

New!!: Semitic languages and West Semitic languages · See more »

Western Aramaic languages

Western Aramaic languages is a group of several Aramaic languages developed and once widely spoken throughout the ancient Levant, as opposed to those from in and around Mesopotamia, which make up what is known as the Eastern Aramaic languages, which are still spoken as mother tongues by the Assyrians and Mandaeans of Iraq, north eastern Syria, south eastern Turkey and north western Iran.

New!!: Semitic languages and Western Aramaic languages · See more »

Western Asia

Western Asia, West Asia, Southwestern Asia or Southwest Asia is the westernmost subregion of Asia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Western Asia · See more »

Western Neo-Aramaic

Western Neo-Aramaic is a modern Aramaic language.

New!!: Semitic languages and Western Neo-Aramaic · See more »

Weyto language

Weyto is a speculative extinct language thought to have been spoken in the Lake Tana region of Ethiopia by the Weyto, a small group of hippopotamus hunters who now speak Amharic.

New!!: Semitic languages and Weyto language · See more »

William Clowes Ltd.

William Clowes Ltd. is a British printing company founded in London in 1803 by William Clowes.

New!!: Semitic languages and William Clowes Ltd. · See more »

Yemen

Yemen (al-Yaman), officially known as the Republic of Yemen (al-Jumhūriyyah al-Yamaniyyah), is an Arab sovereign state in Western Asia at the southern end of the Arabian Peninsula.

New!!: Semitic languages and Yemen · See more »

Yodh

Yodh (also spelled yud, yod, jod, or jodh) is the tenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Yōd, Hebrew Yōd, Aramaic Yodh, Syriac Yōḏ ܚ, and Arabic ي (in abjadi order, 28th in modern order).

New!!: Semitic languages and Yodh · See more »

Zay people

The Zay are a small ethnic group of about 15,000 people in Ethiopia.

New!!: Semitic languages and Zay people · See more »

Zayin

Zayin (also spelled zain or zayn or simply zay) is the seventh letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician Zayin, Hebrew 'Zayin, Yiddish Zoyen, Aramaic Zain, Syriac Zayn ܙ, and Arabic Zayn or Zāy ز. It represents the sound.

New!!: Semitic languages and Zayin · See more »

Redirects here:

Arabian language, Arabian languages, ISO 639:sem, List of Semitic peoples, Semetic Languages, Semetic language, Semetic languages, Semite language, Semite languages, Semitic (language), Semitic Languages, Semitic language, Semitic numerals, Semitic scholar, Semitic-speaking.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semitic_languages

OutgoingIncoming
Hey! We are on Facebook now! »