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Slide rule

Index Slide rule

The slide rule, also known colloquially in the United States as a slipstick, is a mechanical analog computer. [1]

98 relations: Abacus, Acryloyl group, Actinograph, Airspeed, Amédée Mannheim, Analog computer, Apollo 11, Apollo 13, Apollo program, Aspect ratio, Bowditch's American Practical Navigator, Breitling SA, Buzz Aldrin, Bygrave slide rule, Celluloid, Closed-form expression, Coggeshall slide rule, Common logarithm, CORDIC, Dead reckoning, Declination, Division (mathematics), E6B, Edmund Gunter, Electrical grid, Emerson Electric, Engineering, Exponential function, Exponentiation, Exposure (photography), Faber-Castell, False precision, Flight computer, Floating-point arithmetic, Fortran, Function (mathematics), Global Positioning System, Gravity Pipe, Gun laying, Hans Peter Luhn, Hewlett-Packard, Hewlett-Packard 9100A, Hidden Markov model, History of computing hardware (1960s–present), HP-35, Hurter and Driffield, Hyperbolic function, Imperial units, Isaac Newton, John Napier, ..., Keuffel and Esser, Little, Brown and Company, Logarithm, Logarithmic number system, Logarithmic scale, Metric system, Multiplication, NASA, Nathaniel Bowditch, National Air and Space Museum, Natural logarithm, Nautical mile, Nomogram, Nth root, Numerical integration, Order of magnitude, Otis King, Peter Mark Roget, Pi, Polycarbonate, Polytetrafluoroethylene, Product (mathematics), Prosthaphaeresis, Pythagoras, Quotient, Radian, Rate of climb, Resin, Richard Delamaine, Right ascension, Scientific notation, Scientific priority, Significant figures, Sine, Slide chart, Springer Science+Business Media, Square root, ThinkGeek, TI-30, Timeline of computing, Trigonometric functions, Trigonometry, United States dollar, Vernier scale, Volvelle, Wang Laboratories, Wernher von Braun, William Oughtred. Expand index (48 more) »

Abacus

The abacus (plural abaci or abacuses), also called a counting frame, is a calculating tool that was in use in Europe, China and Russia, centuries before the adoption of the written Hindu–Arabic numeral system.

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Acryloyl group

In organic chemistry, the acryloyl group is form of enone with structure H2C.

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Actinograph

An actinograph is an instrument for measuring or estimating the amount of light available, in terms of its ability to expose photographic film.

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Airspeed

Airspeed is the speed of an aircraft relative to the air.

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Amédée Mannheim

Victor Mayer Amédée Mannheim (17 July 1831 in Paris, France – 11 December 1906 in Paris, France) was the inventor of the modern slide rule.

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Analog computer

An analog computer or analogue computer is a form of computer that uses the continuously changeable aspects of physical phenomena such as electrical, mechanical, or hydraulic quantities to model the problem being solved.

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Apollo 11

Apollo 11 was the spaceflight that landed the first two humans on the Moon.

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Apollo 13

Apollo 13 was the seventh manned mission in the Apollo space program and the third intended to land on the Moon.

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Apollo program

The Apollo program, also known as Project Apollo, was the third United States human spaceflight program carried out by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), which accomplished landing the first humans on the Moon from 1969 to 1972.

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Aspect ratio

The aspect ratio of a geometric shape is the ratio of its sizes in different dimensions.

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Bowditch's American Practical Navigator

The American Practical Navigator (colloquially often referred to as Bowditch), originally written by Nathaniel Bowditch, is an encyclopedia of navigation.

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Breitling SA

Breitling SA is a Swiss luxury watchmaker based in Grenchen, Switzerland.

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Buzz Aldrin

Buzz Aldrin (born Edwin Eugene Aldrin Jr.; January 20, 1930) is an American engineer, former astronaut, and Command Pilot in the United States Air Force.

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Bygrave slide rule

The Bygrave slide rule is a slide rule named for its inventor, Captain L. G. Bygrave of the RAF.

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Celluloid

Celluloids are a class of compounds created from nitrocellulose and camphor, with added dyes and other agents.

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Closed-form expression

In mathematics, a closed-form expression is a mathematical expression that can be evaluated in a finite number of operations.

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Coggeshall slide rule

In measurement, the Coggeshall slide rule, also called a carpenter's slide rule, was a slide rule designed by Henry Coggeshall in 1677 to help in measuring the dimensions, surface area, and volume of timber.

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Common logarithm

In mathematics, the common logarithm is the logarithm with base 10.

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CORDIC

CORDIC (for COordinate Rotation DIgital Computer), also known as Volder's algorithm, is a simple and efficient algorithm to calculate hyperbolic and trigonometric functions, typically converging with one digit (or bit) per iteration.

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Dead reckoning

In navigation, dead reckoning is the process of calculating one's current position by using a previously determined position, or fix, and advancing that position based upon known or estimated speeds over elapsed time and course.

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Declination

In astronomy, declination (abbreviated dec; symbol δ) is one of the two angles that locate a point on the celestial sphere in the equatorial coordinate system, the other being hour angle.

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Division (mathematics)

Division is one of the four basic operations of arithmetic, the others being addition, subtraction, and multiplication.

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E6B

The E6B flight computer, nicknamed the "whiz wheel" or "prayer wheel", is a form of circular slide rule used in aviation and one of the very few analog calculating devices in widespread use in the 21st century.

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Edmund Gunter

Edmund Gunter (1581 – 10 December 1626), was an English clergyman, mathematician, geometer and astronomer of Welsh descent.

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Electrical grid

An electrical grid is an interconnected network for delivering electricity from producers to consumers.

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Emerson Electric

The Emerson Electric Company is an American multinational corporation headquartered in Ferguson, Missouri, United States.

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Engineering

Engineering is the creative application of science, mathematical methods, and empirical evidence to the innovation, design, construction, operation and maintenance of structures, machines, materials, devices, systems, processes, and organizations.

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Exponential function

In mathematics, an exponential function is a function of the form in which the argument occurs as an exponent.

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Exponentiation

Exponentiation is a mathematical operation, written as, involving two numbers, the base and the exponent.

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Exposure (photography)

In photography, exposure is the amount of light per unit area (the image plane illuminance times the exposure time) reaching a photographic film or electronic image sensor, as determined by shutter speed, lens aperture and scene luminance.

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Faber-Castell

Faber-Castell is one of the world's largest and oldest manufacturers of pens, pencils, other office supplies (e.g., staplers, slide rules, erasers, rulers)Faber-Castell International.

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False precision

False precision (also called overprecision, fake precision, misplaced precision and spurious precision) occurs when numerical data are presented in a manner that implies better precision than is justified; since precision is a limit to accuracy, this often leads to overconfidence in the accuracy, named precision bias.

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Flight computer

Flight computer, or simply the "whiz wheel", is a form of circular slide rule used in aviation and one of a very few analog computers in widespread use in the 21st century.

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Floating-point arithmetic

In computing, floating-point arithmetic is arithmetic using formulaic representation of real numbers as an approximation so as to support a trade-off between range and precision.

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Fortran

Fortran (formerly FORTRAN, derived from Formula Translation) is a general-purpose, compiled imperative programming language that is especially suited to numeric computation and scientific computing.

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Function (mathematics)

In mathematics, a function was originally the idealization of how a varying quantity depends on another quantity.

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Global Positioning System

The Global Positioning System (GPS), originally Navstar GPS, is a satellite-based radionavigation system owned by the United States government and operated by the United States Air Force.

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Gravity Pipe

Gravity Pipe (abbreviated GRAPE) is a project which uses hardware acceleration to perform gravitational computations.

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Gun laying

Gun laying is the process of aiming an artillery piece, such as a gun, howitzer or mortar, on land or at sea, against surface or air targets.

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Hans Peter Luhn

Hans Peter Luhn (July 1, 1896 – August 19, 1964) was a researcher in the field of computer science, and, Library & Information Science for IBM, and creator of the Luhn algorithm, KWIC (Key Words In Context) indexing, and Selective dissemination of information ("SDI").

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Hewlett-Packard

The Hewlett-Packard Company (commonly referred to as HP) or shortened to Hewlett-Packard was an American multinational information technology company headquartered in Palo Alto, California.

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Hewlett-Packard 9100A

The Hewlett-Packard 9100A (hp 9100A) is an early computer (or programmable calculator), first appearing in 1968.

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Hidden Markov model

Hidden Markov Model (HMM) is a statistical Markov model in which the system being modeled is assumed to be a Markov process with unobserved (i.e. hidden) states.

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History of computing hardware (1960s–present)

The history of computing hardware starting at 1960 is marked by the conversion from vacuum tube to solid-state devices such as the transistor and later the integrated circuit.

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HP-35

The HP-35 was Hewlett-Packard's first pocket calculator and the world's first scientific pocket calculator – a calculator with trigonometric and exponential functions.

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Hurter and Driffield

Ferdinand Hurter (1844–1898) and Vero Charles Driffield (1848–1915) were nineteenth-century photographic scientists who brought quantitative scientific practice to photography through the methods of sensitometry and densitometry.

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Hyperbolic function

In mathematics, hyperbolic functions are analogs of the ordinary trigonometric, or circular, functions.

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Imperial units

The system of imperial units or the imperial system (also known as British Imperial or Exchequer Standards of 1825) is the system of units first defined in the British Weights and Measures Act of 1824, which was later refined and reduced.

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Isaac Newton

Sir Isaac Newton (25 December 1642 – 20 March 1726/27) was an English mathematician, astronomer, theologian, author and physicist (described in his own day as a "natural philosopher") who is widely recognised as one of the most influential scientists of all time, and a key figure in the scientific revolution.

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John Napier

John Napier of Merchiston (1550 – 4 April 1617); also signed as Neper, Nepair; nicknamed Marvellous Merchiston) was a Scottish landowner known as a mathematician, physicist, and astronomer. He was the 8th Laird of Merchiston. His Latinized name was Ioannes Neper. John Napier is best known as the discoverer of logarithms. He also invented the so-called "Napier's bones" and made common the use of the decimal point in arithmetic and mathematics. Napier's birthplace, Merchiston Tower in Edinburgh, is now part of the facilities of Edinburgh Napier University. Napier died from the effects of gout at home at Merchiston Castle and his remains were buried in the kirkyard of St Giles. Following the loss of the kirkyard there to build Parliament House, he was memorialised at St Cuthbert's at the west side of Edinburgh.

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Keuffel and Esser

The Keuffel and Esser Co., also known as K & E, was a drafting instrument and supplies company founded in 1867 by two German immigrants, William J. D. Keuffel and Herman Esser.

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Little, Brown and Company

Little, Brown and Company is an American publisher founded in 1837 by Charles Coffin Little and his partner, James Brown, and for close to two centuries has published fiction and nonfiction by American authors.

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Logarithm

In mathematics, the logarithm is the inverse function to exponentiation.

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Logarithmic number system

A logarithmic number system (LNS) is an arithmetic system used for representing real numbers in computer and digital hardware, especially for digital signal processing.

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Logarithmic scale

A logarithmic scale is a nonlinear scale used when there is a large range of quantities.

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Metric system

The metric system is an internationally adopted decimal system of measurement.

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Multiplication

Multiplication (often denoted by the cross symbol "×", by a point "⋅", by juxtaposition, or, on computers, by an asterisk "∗") is one of the four elementary mathematical operations of arithmetic; with the others being addition, subtraction and division.

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NASA

The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is an independent agency of the executive branch of the United States federal government responsible for the civilian space program, as well as aeronautics and aerospace research.

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Nathaniel Bowditch

Nathaniel Bowditch (March 26, 1773 – March 16, 1838) was an early American mathematician remembered for his work on ocean navigation.

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National Air and Space Museum

The National Air and Space Museum of the Smithsonian Institution, also called the NASM, is a museum in Washington, D.C..

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Natural logarithm

The natural logarithm of a number is its logarithm to the base of the mathematical constant ''e'', where e is an irrational and transcendental number approximately equal to.

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Nautical mile

A nautical mile is a unit of measurement defined as exactly.

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Nomogram

A nomogram (from Greek νόμος nomos, "law" and γραμμή grammē, "line"), also called a nomograph, alignment chart or abaque, is a graphical calculating device, a two-dimensional diagram designed to allow the approximate graphical computation of a mathematical function.

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Nth root

In mathematics, an nth root of a number x, where n is usually assumed to be a positive integer, is a number r which, when raised to the power n yields x: where n is the degree of the root.

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Numerical integration

In numerical analysis, numerical integration constitutes a broad family of algorithms for calculating the numerical value of a definite integral, and by extension, the term is also sometimes used to describe the numerical solution of differential equations.

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Order of magnitude

An order of magnitude is an approximate measure of the number of digits that a number has in the commonly-used base-ten number system.

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Otis King

Otis Carter Formby King (1876–1944) was a grocer and engineer in London who invented and produced a cylindrical slide rule with helical scales, primarily for business uses initially.

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Peter Mark Roget

Peter Mark Roget FRS (18 January 1779 – 12 September 1869) was a British physician, natural theologian and lexicographer.

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Pi

The number is a mathematical constant.

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Polycarbonate

Polycarbonates (PC) are a group of thermoplastic polymers containing carbonate groups in their chemical structures.

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Polytetrafluoroethylene

Polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is a synthetic fluoropolymer of tetrafluoroethylene that has numerous applications.

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Product (mathematics)

In mathematics, a product is the result of multiplying, or an expression that identifies factors to be multiplied.

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Prosthaphaeresis

Prosthaphaeresis (from the Greek προσθαφαίρεσις) was an algorithm used in the late 16th century and early 17th century for approximate multiplication and division using formulas from trigonometry.

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Pythagoras

Pythagoras of Samos was an Ionian Greek philosopher and the eponymous founder of the Pythagoreanism movement.

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Quotient

In arithmetic, a quotient (from quotiens "how many times", pronounced) is the quantity produced by the division of two numbers.

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Radian

The radian (SI symbol rad) is the SI unit for measuring angles, and is the standard unit of angular measure used in many areas of mathematics.

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Rate of climb

In aeronautics, the rate of climb (RoC) is an aircraft's vertical speed – the rate of positive altitude change with respect to time or distance.

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Resin

In polymer chemistry and materials science, resin is a "solid or highly viscous substance" of plant or synthetic origin that is typically convertible into polymers.

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Richard Delamaine

Richard Delamaine or Delamain, known as the elder (before 1629- before 1645), was an English mathematician, known for works on the circular slide rule and sundials.

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Right ascension

Right ascension (abbreviated RA; symbol) is the angular distance measured only eastward along the celestial equator from the Sun at the March equinox to the (hour circle of the) point above the earth in question.

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Scientific notation

Scientific notation (also referred to as scientific form or standard index form, or standard form in the UK) is a way of expressing numbers that are too big or too small to be conveniently written in decimal form.

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Scientific priority

In science, priority is the credit given to the individual or group of individuals who first made the discovery or propose the theory.

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Significant figures

The significant figures (also known as the significant digits) of a number are digits that carry meaning contributing to its measurement resolution.

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Sine

In mathematics, the sine is a trigonometric function of an angle.

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Slide chart

A slide chart is a hand-held device, usually of paper, cardboard, or plastic, for conducting simple calculations or looking up information.

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Springer Science+Business Media

Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.

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Square root

In mathematics, a square root of a number a is a number y such that; in other words, a number y whose square (the result of multiplying the number by itself, or) is a. For example, 4 and −4 are square roots of 16 because.

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ThinkGeek

ThinkGeek is an American retailer that caters to computer enthusiasts and "geek culture".

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TI-30

The TI-30 was a scientific calculator manufactured by Texas Instruments, the first model of which was introduced in 1976.

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Timeline of computing

Timeline of computing presents events in the history of computing organized by year and grouped into six topic areas: predictions and concepts, first use and inventions, hardware systems and processors, operating systems, programming languages, and new application areas.

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Trigonometric functions

In mathematics, the trigonometric functions (also called circular functions, angle functions or goniometric functions) are functions of an angle.

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Trigonometry

Trigonometry (from Greek trigōnon, "triangle" and metron, "measure") is a branch of mathematics that studies relationships involving lengths and angles of triangles.

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United States dollar

The United States dollar (sign: $; code: USD; also abbreviated US$ and referred to as the dollar, U.S. dollar, or American dollar) is the official currency of the United States and its insular territories per the United States Constitution since 1792.

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Vernier scale

A vernier scale is a visual aid that allows the user to measure more precisely than could be done unaided when reading a uniformly divided straight or circular measurement scale.

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Volvelle

A volvelle or wheel chart is a type of slide chart, a paper construction with rotating parts.

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Wang Laboratories

Wang Laboratories was a computer company founded in 1951, by An Wang and G. Y. Chu.

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Wernher von Braun

Wernher Magnus Maximilian Freiherr von Braun (March 23, 1912 – June 16, 1977) was a German (and, later, American) aerospace engineer and space architect.

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William Oughtred

William Oughtred (5 March 1574 – 30 June 1660) was an English mathematician and Anglican clergyman.

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Redirects here:

Addition Slide Rule, Circular calculator, Circular slide rule, Cursor (slide rule), Cursor (slide rules), Slide Rule, Slide rule calculator, Slide ruler, Slide rules, Slide-rule, Sliderule, Sliderules, Slipstick, Slipsticks, Wheel (slide rule).

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slide_rule

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