Social Democratic Party of Germany

The Social Democratic Party of Germany (Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, SPD) is a social-democratic political party in Germany. ^[1]

Adolf Hitler

Adolf Hitler (20 April 1889 – 30 April 1945) was a German politician, demagogue, and revolutionary, who was the leader of the Nazi Party (Nationalsozialistische Deutsche Arbeiterpartei; NSDAP), Chancellor of Germany from 1933 to 1945 and Führer ("Leader") of Nazi Germany from 1934 to 1945.

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Agenda 2010

The Agenda 2010 is a series of reforms planned and executed by the German government, a Social-Democrats/Greens coalition at that time, which aimed to reform the German welfare system and labour relations.

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Andrea Nahles

Andrea Maria Nahles (born 20 June 1970) is a German politician who has served as Leader of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) since April 2018 and the leader of the SPD in the Bundestag since September 2017.

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Andreas Bausewein

Andreas Bausewein (born 5 May 1973 in Erfurt) is a German politician (Social Democratic Party) and mayor of Erfurt.

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Angela Merkel

Angela Dorothea Merkel (Kasner, born 17 July 1954) is a German politician serving as Chancellor of Germany since 2005 and leader of the centre-right Christian Democratic Union (CDU) since 2000.

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Anti-Catholicism

Anti-Catholicism is hostility towards Catholics or opposition to the Catholic Church, its clergy and its adherents.

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Anti-Socialist Laws

The Anti-Socialist Laws or Socialist Laws (Sozialistengesetze; officially Gesetz gegen die gemeingefährlichen Bestrebungen der Sozialdemokratie, approximately "Law against the public danger of Social Democratic endeavours") were a series of acts, the first of which was passed on October 19, 1878 by the German Reichstag lasting until March 31, 1881, and extended four times (May 1880, May 1884, April 1886 and February 1888).

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Baden-Württemberg

Baden-Württemberg is a state in southwest Germany, east of the Rhine, which forms the border with France.

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Bavaria

Bavaria (Bavarian and Bayern), officially the Free State of Bavaria (Freistaat Bayern), is a landlocked federal state of Germany, occupying its southeastern corner.

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BBC News Online

BBC News Online is the website of BBC News, the division of the BBC responsible for newsgathering and production.

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Berlin

Berlin is the capital and the largest city of Germany, as well as one of its 16 constituent states.

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Brandenburg

Brandenburg (Brannenborg, Lower Sorbian: Bramborska, Braniborsko) is one of the sixteen federated states of Germany.

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Bremen

The City Municipality of Bremen (Stadtgemeinde Bremen) is a Hanseatic city in northwestern Germany, which belongs to the Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (also called just "Bremen" for short), a federal state of Germany.

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Bremen (state)

The Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (Freie Hansestadt Bremen) is the smallest and least populous of Germany's 16 states.

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Brigitte Zypries

Brigitte Zypries (born 16 November 1953) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).

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Bundesrat of Germany

The German Bundesrat (literally "Federal Council") is a legislative body that represents the sixteen Länder (federated states) of Germany at the national level.

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Bundestag

The Bundestag ("Federal Diet") is the German federal parliament.

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Burkhard Lischka

Burkhard Lischka (born 1 February 1965) is a German politician and lawyer.

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Calvinism

Calvinism (also called the Reformed tradition, Reformed Christianity, Reformed Protestantism, or the Reformed faith) is a major branch of Protestantism that follows the theological tradition and forms of Christian practice of John Calvin and other Reformation-era theologians.

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Carl Emil Schorske

Carl Emil Schorske (March 15, 1915 – September 13, 2015), known professionally as Charles E. Schorske, was an American cultural historian and professor emeritus at Princeton University.

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Catholic Church

The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with more than 1.299 billion members worldwide.

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Centre-left politics

Centre-left politics or center-left politics (American English), also referred to as moderate-left politics, is an adherence to views leaning to the left-wing, but closer to the centre on the left–right political spectrum than other left-wing variants.

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Chancellor of Germany (1949–present)

The Federal Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (in German called Bundeskanzler(in), meaning "Federal Chancellor", or in) for short) is, under the German 1949 Constitution, the head of government of Germany.

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Christian Democratic Union of Germany

The Christian Democratic Union of Germany (Christlich Demokratische Union Deutschlands, CDU) is a Christian democratic and liberal-conservative political party in Germany.

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Christian Social Union in Bavaria

The Christian Social Union in Bavaria is a Christian-democratic and conservative political party in Germany.

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Civil and political rights

Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals' freedom from infringement by governments, social organizations, and private individuals.

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Coal mining

Coal mining is the process of extracting coal from the ground.

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Communist Party of Germany

The Communist Party of Germany (Kommunistische Partei Deutschlands, KPD) was a major political party in Germany between 1918 and 1933, and a minor party in West Germany in the postwar period until it was banned in 1956.

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Composition of the German state parliaments

Germany's federal system comprises 16 state parliaments (the German terms are: Landtag in large states, Bürgerschaft in Bremen and Hamburg, Abgeordnetenhaus in Berlin), each including directly elected representatives.

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Dietmar Woidke

Dietmar Woidke (born 22 October 1961) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

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East Frisia

East Frisia or Eastern Friesland (Ostfriesland; East Frisian Low Saxon: Oostfreesland; Oost-Friesland) is a coastal region in the northwest of the German federal state of Lower Saxony.

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Economic liberalism

Economic liberalism is an economic system organized on individual lines, which means the greatest possible number of economic decisions are made by individuals or households rather than by collective institutions or organizations.

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Elections in the Free State of Prussia

The Free State of Prussia held elections to its Landtag between 1918 and 1933.

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Emsland

Landkreis Emsland is a district in Lower Saxony, Germany named after the river Ems.

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Enabling Act of 1933

The Enabling Act (German: Ermächtigungsgesetz) was a 1933 Weimar Constitution amendment that gave the German Cabinet—in effect, Chancellor Adolf Hitler—the power to enact laws without the involvement of the Reichstag.

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European integration

European integration is the process of industrial, political, legal, economic, social and cultural integration of states wholly or partially in Europe.

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European Parliament election, 1979 (West Germany)

The European Parliament election of 1979 in West Germany was the election of the delegation from West Germany to the European Parliament in 1979.

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European Parliament election, 1984 (West Germany)

The European Parliament election of 1984 in West Germany was the election of the delegation from West Germany to the European Parliament in 1984.

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European Parliament election, 1989 (West Germany)

The European Parliament election of 1989 in West Germany was the election of the delegation from West Germany to the European Parliament in 1989.

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European Parliament election, 1994 (Germany)

The European Parliament election of 1994 in Germany was the election of the delegation from Germany to the European Parliament in 1994.

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European Parliament election, 1999 (Germany)

The European Parliament election of 1999 in Germany was the election of MEP representing Germany constituency for the 1999-2004 term of the European Parliament.

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European Parliament election, 2004 (Germany)

The European Parliament election of 2004 in Germany was the election of MEP representing Germany constituency for the 2004-2009 term of the European Parliament.

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European Parliament election, 2009 (Germany)

The European Parliament election of 2009 in Germany was the German part of the European Parliament election, 2009.

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European Parliament election, 2014 (Germany)

The European Parliament election, 2014 was held on 25 May 2014 in Germany.

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Far-left politics

Far-left politics are political views located further on the left of the left-right spectrum than the standard political left.

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Ferdinand Lassalle

Ferdinand Lassalle (11 April 1825 – 31 August 1864), born as Ferdinand Johann Gottlieb Lassal and also known as Ferdinand Lassalle-Wolfson, was a German-Jewish jurist, philosopher, socialist, and political activist.

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Fiscal policy

In economics and political science, fiscal policy is the use of government revenue collection (mainly taxes) and expenditure (spending) to influence the economy.

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Foreign policy

A country's foreign policy, also called foreign relations or foreign affairs policy, consists of self-interest strategies chosen by the state to safeguard its national interests and to achieve goals within its international relations milieu.

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Free Democratic Party (Germany)

The Free Democratic Party (Freie Demokratische Partei, FDP) is a liberal and classical liberal political party in Germany.

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General German Workers' Association

The General German Workers' Association (Allgemeiner Deutscher Arbeiter-Verein, ADAV) was a German political party initiated on 23 May 1863 in Leipzig, Kingdom of Saxony by Ferdinand Lassalle.

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Gerhard Schröder

Gerhard Fritz Kurt Schröder (born 7 April 1944) is a German politician, and served as Chancellor of Germany from 1998 to 2005, during which his most important political project was the Agenda 2010.

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German federal election, 1877

Federal elections were held in Germany on 10 January 1877.

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German federal election, 1878

Federal elections were held in Germany on 30 July 1878.

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German federal election, 1881

Federal elections were held in Germany on 27 October 1881.

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German federal election, 1884

Federal elections were held in Germany on 28 October 1884.

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German federal election, 1887

Federal elections were held in Germany on 21 February 1887.

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German federal election, 1890

Federal elections were held in Germany on 20 February 1890.

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German federal election, 1893

Federal elections were held in Germany on 15 June 1893.

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German federal election, 1898

Federal elections were held in Germany on 16 June 1898.

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German federal election, 1903

Federal elections were held in Germany on 16 June 1903.

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German federal election, 1907

Federal elections were held in Germany on 25 January 1907.

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German federal election, 1912

Federal elections were held in Germany on 12 January 1912.

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German federal election, 1919

Federal elections were held in Germany on 19 January 1919,Dieter Nohlen & Philip Stöver (2010) Elections in Europe: A data handbook, p762 although members of the standing army in the east voted for their representatives only on 2 February.

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German federal election, 1920

Federal elections were held in Germany on 6 June 1920.

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German federal election, 1928

Federal elections were held in Germany on 20 May 1928.

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German federal election, 1930

The German federal election occurred on 14 September 1930.

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German federal election, 1990

Federal elections were held in Germany on 2 December 1990 to elect the members of the 12th Bundestag.

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German federal election, 1994

Federal elections were held in Germany on 16 October 1994 to elect the members of the 13th Bundestag.

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German federal election, 1998

Federal elections were held in Germany on 27 September 1998 to elect the members of the 14th Bundestag.

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German federal election, 2002

Federal elections were held in Germany on 22 September 2002 to elect the members of the 15th Bundestag.

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German federal election, 2005

Federal elections were held in Germany on 18 September 2005 to elect the members of the 16th Bundestag.

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German federal election, 2009

Federal elections took place on 27 September 2009 to elect the members of the 17th Bundestag (parliament) of Germany.

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German federal election, 2013

Federal elections were held on 22 September to elect the members of the 18th Bundestag of Germany.

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German federal election, 2017

Federal elections were held in Germany on 24 September 2017 to elect the members of the 19th Bundestag.

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German federal election, December 1924

Federal elections were held in Germany on 7 December 1924, the second that year.

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German federal election, July 1932

Federal elections were held in Germany on 31 July 1932, following the premature dissolution of the Reichstag.

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German federal election, March 1933

Federal elections were held in Germany on 5 March 1933, after the Nazi seizure of power and just six days after the Reichstag fire.

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German federal election, May 1924

Federal elections were held in Germany on 4 May 1924.

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German federal election, November 1932

Federal elections were held in Germany on 6 November 1932.

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Godesberg Program

The Godesberg Program (Godesberger Programm) was the party program outline of the political course of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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Grand coalition (Germany)

In modern Germany with its parliamentary system of government on federal and on state level, grand coalition (Große Koalition) describes a governing coalition of the two biggest parties in one parliament.

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Hajo Holborn

Hajo Holborn (18 May 1902, Berlin – 20 June 1969, Bonn) was a German-American historian and specialist in modern German history.

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Hamburg

Hamburg (locally), Hamborg, officially the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg (Freie und Hansestadt Hamburg, Friee un Hansestadt Hamborg),Constitution of Hamburg), is the second-largest city of Germany as well as one of the country's 16 constituent states, with a population of roughly 1.8 million people. The city lies at the core of the Hamburg Metropolitan Region which spreads across four German federal states and is home to more than five million people. The official name reflects Hamburg's history as a member of the medieval Hanseatic League, a free imperial city of the Holy Roman Empire, a city-state and one of the 16 states of Germany. Before the 1871 Unification of Germany, it was a fully sovereign state. Prior to the constitutional changes in 1919 it formed a civic republic headed constitutionally by a class of hereditary grand burghers or Hanseaten. The city has repeatedly been beset by disasters such as the Great Fire of Hamburg, exceptional coastal flooding and military conflicts including World War II bombing raids. Historians remark that the city has managed to recover and emerge wealthier after each catastrophe. Situated on the river Elbe, Hamburg is home to Europe's second-largest port and a broad corporate base. In media, the major regional broadcasting firm NDR, the printing and publishing firm italic and the newspapers italic and italic are based in the city. Hamburg remains an important financial center, the seat of Germany's oldest stock exchange and the world's oldest merchant bank, Berenberg Bank. Media, commercial, logistical, and industrial firms with significant locations in the city include multinationals Airbus, italic, italic, italic, and Unilever. The city is a forum for and has specialists in world economics and international law with such consular and diplomatic missions as the International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, the EU-LAC Foundation, and the UNESCO Institute for Lifelong Learning. In recent years, the city has played host to multipartite international political conferences and summits such as Europe and China and the G20. Former German Chancellor italic, who governed Germany for eight years, and Angela Merkel, German chancellor since 2005, come from Hamburg. The city is a major international and domestic tourist destination. It ranked 18th in the world for livability in 2016. The Speicherstadt and Kontorhausviertel were declared World Heritage Sites by UNESCO in 2015. Hamburg is a major European science, research, and education hub, with several universities and institutions. Among its most notable cultural venues are the italic and italic concert halls. It gave birth to movements like Hamburger Schule and paved the way for bands including The Beatles. Hamburg is also known for several theatres and a variety of musical shows. St. Pauli's italic is among the best-known European entertainment districts.

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Hans Eichel

Hans Eichel is a German politician (SPD) and the co-founder of the G20, or "Group of Twenty", an international forum for the governments and central bank governors of twenty developed and developing nations to discuss policy issues pertaining to the promotion of international financial stability.

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Hartz concept

The Hartz concept, also known as Hartz reforms or the Hartz plan, is a set of recommendations submitted by a committee on reforms to the German labour market in 2002.

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Heiko Maas

Heiko Josef Maas (born 19 September 1966) is a German politician serving as Minister of Foreign Affairs in the fourth cabinet of Angela Merkel since 14 March 2018.

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Hesse

Hesse or Hessia (Hessen, Hessian dialect: Hesse), officially the State of Hesse (German: Land Hessen) is a federal state (''Land'') of the Federal Republic of Germany, with just over six million inhabitants.

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Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany

The Independent Social Democratic Party of Germany (Unabhängige Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, USPD) was a short-lived political party in Germany during the German Empire and the Weimar Republic.

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Juso-Hochschulgruppen

The Juso-Hochschulgruppen are a part of the Young Socialists in the SPD and represent the student wing of the Social Democratic Party of Germany.

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Justice

Justice is the legal or philosophical theory by which fairness is administered.

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Karl Kautsky

Karl Johann Kautsky (16 October 1854 – 17 October 1938) was a Czech-Austrian philosopher, journalist, and Marxist theoretician.

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Kassel

Kassel (spelled Cassel until 1928) is a city located at the Fulda River in northern Hesse, Germany.

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Keynesian economics

Keynesian economics (sometimes called Keynesianism) are the various macroeconomic theories about how in the short run – and especially during recessions – economic output is strongly influenced by aggregate demand (total demand in the economy).

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Konrad Adenauer

Konrad Hermann Joseph Adenauer (5 January 1876 – 19 April 1967) was a German statesman who served as the first Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1949 to 1963.

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Kurt Beck

Kurt Beck (born 5 February 1949) is a German politician (SPD), who served as the 7th Minister President of Rhineland-Palatinate from 1994 to 2013 and as the 55th President of the Bundesrat in 2000/01.

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Kurt Schumacher

Kurt Ernst Carl Schumacher (13 October 1895 – 20 August 1952) was a German social democratic politician, who served as chairman of the Social Democratic Party of Germany from 1946 and was the first Leader of the Opposition in the West German Bundestag from 1949 until his death in 1952.

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Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative

Labour and Social Justice – The Electoral Alternative (Arbeit und soziale Gerechtigkeit – Die Wahlalternative, WASG) was a left-wing German political party founded in 2005 by activists disenchanted with the ruling Red-Green coalition government.

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Landtag

A Landtag (State Diet) is a representative assembly (parliament) in German-speaking countries with legislative authority and competence over a federated state (Land).

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Lars Klingbeil

Lars Klingbeil (born 23 February 1978 in Soltau) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party, who has been the General Secretary of the Social Democratic Party since 8 December 2017.

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Left-wing politics

Left-wing politics supports social equality and egalitarianism, often in opposition to social hierarchy.

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List of political parties in Germany

This is a list of political parties in Germany.

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Lower Saxony

Lower Saxony (Niedersachsen, Neddersassen) is a German state (Land) situated in northwestern Germany.

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Major party

A major party is a political party that holds substantial influence in a country's politics, standing in contrast to a minor party.

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Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany

The Majority Social Democratic Party of Germany (Mehrheitssozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, MSPD) was the name officially used by the Social Democratic Party of Germany during the period 1917-1922.

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Malu Dreyer

Maria Luise Anna "Malu" Dreyer (born 6 February 1961) is a German politician (SPD).

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Manuela Schwesig

Manuela Schwesig (born 23 May 1974) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party serving as the fifth Minister‐President of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern since 4 July 2017.

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Marxism

Marxism is a method of socioeconomic analysis that views class relations and social conflict using a materialist interpretation of historical development and takes a dialectical view of social transformation.

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Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

Mecklenburg-Vorpommern (often Mecklenburg-West Pomerania in English and commonly shortened to "Meck-Pomm" or even "McPom" or "M-V" in German) is a federal state in northern Germany.

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Michael Müller (politician)

Michael Müller (born 9 December 1964) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party of Germany serving as the Governing Mayor of Berlin since 11 December 2014.

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Mierscheid law

The Mierscheid law is hypothesis, published in the German magazine Vorwärts on 14 July 1983 and attributed to the fictitious politician Jakob Maria Mierscheid.

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Minister-president

A minister-president or minister president is the head of government in a number of European countries or subnational governments with a parliamentary or semi-presidential system of government where he or she presides over the council of ministers.

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Munich

Munich (München; Minga) is the capital and the most populated city in the German state of Bavaria, on the banks of the River Isar north of the Bavarian Alps.

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Natascha Kohnen

Natascha Kohnen (born 27 October 1967) is a German politician of the SPD.

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North Rhine-Westphalia

North Rhine-Westphalia (Nordrhein-Westfalen,, commonly shortened to NRW) is the most populous state of Germany, with a population of approximately 18 million, and the fourth largest by area.

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October Revolution

The October Revolution (p), officially known in Soviet literature as the Great October Socialist Revolution (Вели́кая Октя́брьская социалисти́ческая револю́ция), and commonly referred to as Red October, the October Uprising, the Bolshevik Revolution, or the Bolshevik Coup, was a revolution in Russia led by the Bolsheviks and Vladimir Lenin that was instrumental in the larger Russian Revolution of 1917.

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Olaf Scholz

Olaf Scholz (born) is a German politician, serving as Federal Minister of Finance and Vice Chancellor alongside Chancellor Angela Merkel from the CDU since 14 March 2018.

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Open society

The open society was conceived in 1932 by French philosopher Henri Bergson.

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Oskar Lafontaine

Oskar Lafontaine (born 16 September 1943) is a German politician who served in the government of Germany as Minister of Finance from 1998 to 1999.

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Palatinate (region)

The Palatinate (die Pfalz, Pfälzer dialect: Palz), historically also Rhenish Palatinate (Rheinpfalz), is a region in southwestern Germany.

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Party finance in Germany

Party finance in Germany is the subject of statutory reports, which up to 35 parties file annually with the administration of the German parliament.

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Party of European Socialists

The Party of European Socialists (PES) is a social-democratic European political party.

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Party platform

A political party platform or program is a formal set of principle goals which are supported by a political party or individual candidate, in order to appeal to the general public, for the ultimate purpose of garnering the general public's support and votes about complicated topics or issues.

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Political freedom

Political freedom (also known as political autonomy or political agency) is a central concept in history and political thought and one of the most important features of democratic societies.

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Politics of Germany

Germany is a democratic, federal parliamentary republic, and federal legislative power is vested in the Bundestag (the parliament of Germany) and the Bundesrat (the representative body of the Länder, Germany's regional states).

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Pro-Europeanism

Pro-Europeanism is a political position that favours European integration and membership of the European Union (EU).

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Progressive Alliance

The Progressive Alliance (PA) is a political international of social-democratic and progressive political parties and organisations founded on 22 May 2013 in Leipzig, Germany.

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Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats

The Progressive Alliance of Socialists and Democrats (S&D) is the political group in the European Parliament of the Party of European Socialists (PES).

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Progressivism

Progressivism is the support for or advocacy of improvement of society by reform.

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Protestantism

Protestantism is the second largest form of Christianity with collectively more than 900 million adherents worldwide or nearly 40% of all Christians.

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Ralf Stegner

Ralf Stegner (born 2 October 1959 in Bad Dürkheim) is a German politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD).

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Red

Red is the color at the end of the visible spectrum of light, next to orange and opposite violet.

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Rhineland-Palatinate

Rhineland-Palatinate (Rheinland-Pfalz) is one of the 16 states (Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany.

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Ruhr

The Ruhr (Ruhrgebiet), or the Ruhr district, Ruhr region, Ruhr area or Ruhr valley, is a polycentric urban area in North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.

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Saarland

Saarland (das Saarland,; la Sarre) is one of the sixteen states (Bundesländer) of the Federal Republic of Germany.

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Saxony

The Free State of Saxony (Freistaat Sachsen; Swobodny stat Sakska) is a landlocked federal state of Germany, bordering the federal states of Brandenburg, Saxony Anhalt, Thuringia, and Bavaria, as well as the countries of Poland (Lower Silesian and Lubusz Voivodeships) and the Czech Republic (Karlovy Vary, Liberec, and Ústí nad Labem Regions).

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Saxony-Anhalt

Saxony-Anhalt (Sachsen-Anhalt,, official: Land Sachsen-Anhalt) is a landlocked federal state of Germany surrounded by the federal states of Lower Saxony, Brandenburg, Saxony and Thuringia.

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Schleswig-Holstein

Schleswig-Holstein is the northernmost of the 16 states of Germany, comprising most of the historical duchy of Holstein and the southern part of the former Duchy of Schleswig.

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Second International

The Second International (1889–1916), the original Socialist International, was an organization of socialist and labour parties formed in Paris on July 14, 1889.

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Seeheimer Kreis

The Seeheimer Kreis (English: "Seeheim Circle") is an official internal grouping in the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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Social democracy

Social democracy is a political, social and economic ideology that supports economic and social interventions to promote social justice within the framework of a liberal democratic polity and capitalist economy.

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Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany

The Social Democratic Workers' Party of Germany (Sozialdemokratische Arbeiterpartei Deutschlands, abbreviated as SDAP) was a Marxist socialist political party in the North German Confederation during the period of unification.

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Social justice

Social justice is a concept of fair and just relations between the individual and society.

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Social market economy

The social market economy (SOME; soziale Marktwirtschaft), also called Rhine capitalism, is a socioeconomic model combining a free market capitalist economic system alongside social policies which establish both fair competition within the market and a welfare state.

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Social policy

Social policy is a term which is applied to various areas of policy, usually within a governmental or political setting (such as the welfare state and study of social services).

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Socialist International

The Socialist International (SI) is a worldwide association of political parties, which seek to establish democratic socialism.

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Socialist Unity Party of Germany

The Socialist Unity Party of Germany (Sozialistische Einheitspartei Deutschlands, SED), established in April 1946, was the governing Marxist–Leninist political party of the German Democratic Republic from the country's foundation in October 1949 until it was dissolved after the Peaceful Revolution in 1989.

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Solidarity

Solidarity is unity (as of a group or class) which produces or is based on unities of interests, objectives, standards, and sympathies.

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Sopade

Sopade (also called SoPaDe) was the name of the exile organization of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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Soviet occupation zone

The Soviet Occupation Zone (Sovetskaya okkupatsionnaya zona Germanii, "Soviet Occupation Zone of Germany") was the area of central Germany occupied by the Soviet Union from 1945 on, at the end of World War II.

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Sozialistischer Deutscher Studentenbund

The Sozialistische Deutsche Studentenbund — the Socialist German Student Union or Socialist German Student League — was founded in 1946 in Hamburg, Germany, as the collegiate branch of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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Spartacus League

The Spartacus League (Spartakusbund) was a Marxist revolutionary movement organized in Germany during World War I. The League was named after Spartacus, leader of the largest slave rebellion of the Roman Republic.

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States of Germany

Germany is a federal republic consisting of sixteen states (Land, plural Länder; informally and very commonly Bundesland, plural Bundesländer).

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Steel

Steel is an alloy of iron and carbon and other elements.

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Stephan Weil

Stephan Weil (born 15 December 1958) is a German politician and the leader of the Social Democratic Party in Lower Saxony.

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The Left (Germany)

The Left (Die Linke), also commonly referred to as the Left Party (die Linkspartei), is a democratic socialist political party in Germany.

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Third Way

The Third Way is a position akin to centrism that tries to reconcile right-wing and left-wing politics by advocating a varying synthesis of centre-right economic and centre-left social policies.

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Thorsten Schäfer-Gümbel

Thorsten Schäfer-Gümbel (né Schäfer, born 1 October 1969) is a German politician of the SPD.

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Thuringia

The Free State of Thuringia (Freistaat Thüringen) is a federal state in central Germany.

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Trade union

A trade union or trades union, also called a labour union (Canada) or labor union (US), is an organization of workers who have come together to achieve many common goals; such as protecting the integrity of its trade, improving safety standards, and attaining better wages, benefits (such as vacation, health care, and retirement), and working conditions through the increased bargaining power wielded by the creation of a monopoly of the workers.

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Vorwärts

Vorwärts ("Forward") is a newspaper published by the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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Weimar Republic

The Weimar Republic (Weimarer Republik) is an unofficial, historical designation for the German state during the years 1919 to 1933.

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Welfare state

The welfare state is a concept of government in which the state plays a key role in the protection and promotion of the social and economic well-being of its citizens.

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West German federal election, 1949

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 14 August 1949 to elect the first Bundestag, with a further eight seats elected in West Berlin between 1949 and January 1952 and another eleven between February 1952 and 1953.

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West German federal election, 1953

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 6 September 1953 to elect the second Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1957

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 15 September 1957 to elect the third Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1961

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 17 September 1961 to elect the members of the fourth Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1965

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 19 September 1965 to elect the members of the 5th Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1969

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 28 September 1969 to elect the members of the 6th Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1972

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 19 November 1972 to elect the members of the 7th Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1976

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 3 October 1976 to elect the members of the eighth Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1980

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 5 October 1980 to elect the members of the ninth Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1983

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 6 March 1983 to elect the members of the 10th Bundestag.

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West German federal election, 1987

Federal elections were held in West Germany on 25 January 1987 to elect the members of the 11th Bundestag.

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Western Pomerania

Western Pomerania, also called Cispomerania or Hither Pomerania (Vorpommern), is the western extremity of the historic region of the duchy, later Province of Pomerania, nowadays divided between the German state of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Poland.

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Willy Brandt

Willy Brandt (born Herbert Ernst Karl Frahm; 18 December 1913 – 8 October 1992) was a German statesman who was leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 1964 to 1987 and served as Chancellor of the Federal Republic of Germany (West Germany) from 1969 to 1974.

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Working class

The working class (also labouring class) are the people employed for wages, especially in manual-labour occupations and industrial work.

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World War I

World War I (often abbreviated as WWI or WW1), also known as the First World War, the Great War, or the War to End All Wars, was a global war originating in Europe that lasted from 28 July 1914 to 11 November 1918.

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World War II

World War II (often abbreviated to WWII or WW2), also known as the Second World War, was a global war that lasted from 1939 to 1945, although conflicts reflecting the ideological clash between what would become the Allied and Axis blocs began earlier.

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Young Socialists in the SPD

Working Group of Young Socialists in the SPD (Arbeitsgemeinschaft der Jungsozialistinnen und Jungsozialisten in der SPD, Jusos) is the youth organisation of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD).

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Redirects here:

German Social Democratic Party, German Social Democrats, German Social-Democratic Party, SPD, Social Democratic Party (Germany), Social Democrats (Germany), Social-Democratic Party of Germany, Socialist Party of Germany, Sozi, Sozialdemokratische Partei, Sozialdemokratische Partei Deutschlands, Sozialdemokratischen Partei Deutschlands, Sozis, Spd, West German Social Democratic Party.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany

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