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266 relations: Academic Press, Adapidae, Adapiformes, Adapis, Adapoides, Adaptive radiation, Alarm signal, Algeria, Altanius, Altiatlasius, Ambrosius Hubrecht, Amygdala, Anchomomys, Ancient Greek, Angwantibo, Arboreal locomotion, Arthropod, Ascending pharyngeal artery, Aye-aye, Azibiidae, Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, Baculum, Bamboo lemur, Basal (phylogenetics), Basal metabolic rate, Bicornuate uterus, Biology, Biosynthesis, Breeding pair, Bushmeat, Canine tooth, Cantius, Carl Linnaeus, Cartilage, Cathemerality, Cellulose, Cercamoniinae, Cercamonius, Cheirogaleidae, Chorion, CITES, Clade, Clitoris, Colugo, Comparative anatomy, Crown group, Cusp (anatomy), Darwinius, David Tab Rasmussen, Deforestation, ..., Diastema, Diurnality, Djebelemur, Djebelemuridae, Donrussellia, Duct (anatomy), Dwarf lemur, Eardrum, Ecological niche, Ectotympanic, Elwyn L. Simons, Endangered species, Endemism, Eocene, Eocene–Oligocene extinction event, Epidermis, Equatorial Africa, Euarchonta, Europolemur, Eutheria, Evolution of mammals, Evolutionary grade, Evolutionary radiation, Exotic pet, Extinction event, Fady (taboo), Faiyum Oasis, Family (biology), Fauna of Africa, Fauna of India, Fauna of Madagascar, Feces, Fibula, Flexor hallucis longus muscle, Folivore, Fork-marked lemur, Fossil, Fovea centralis, Frontal bone, Frugivore, Galago, Genetic divergence, Genetics, Genus, Georges Cuvier, Global warming, Godinotia, Greater galago, Grooming claw, Habitat destruction, Haplorhini, Hard palate, Hemicellulose, Home range, Hypothalamus, Hyrax, Illegal logging in Madagascar, Incisive foramen, Incisor, Indri, Indriidae, Inner ear, Insectivore, Internal carotid artery, International Union for Conservation of Nature, Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger, Karanisia, Kenya, Land bridge, Laurasia, Lemur, Lemuridae, Lemuriformes, Leptadapis, List of fossil primates, List of mammalian gestation durations, Living fossil, Loris, Lorisidae, Lorisoidea, Madagascar spiny forests, Mammary gland, Mandibular symphysis, Megaladapis, Merkel cell, Middle ear, Miocene, Molecular clock, Monkey lemur, Monogamy in animals, Monophyly, Morphology (biology), Mouse lemur, Mucous membrane, Multi-male group, Nasal cavity, Nasal concha, Natural history, Natural selection, Needle-clawed bushbaby, Neontology, New World monkey, Night vision, Nocturnality, Northern Hemisphere, Notharctidae, Notharctus, Oceanic dispersal, Old World monkey, Olfaction, Olfactory bulb, Olfactory receptor, Olfactory system, Oligocene, Omnivore, Omomyidae, Orbit (anatomy), Order (biology), Pachydermata, Palaeolemur, Paleocene, Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum, Paleontology, Paraphyly, Pelycodus, Personal grooming, Pheromone, Philip D. Gingerich, Philtrum, Phylogenetics, Pieter Boddaert, Placenta, Placentation, Plesiadapiformes, Plesiopithecus, Postcrania, Postorbital bar, Potto, Precocial, Predation, Premolar, Primate, Primatology, Primatomorpha, Pronycticebus, Pseudo-penis, Quadrupedalism, R. I. Pocock, Retina, Rhinarium, Riboflavin, Ring-tailed lemur, Rodent, Ruffed lemur, Sagittal crest, Sexual dimorphism, Sifaka, Simian, Sister group, Sivaladapidae, Slender loris, Sloth lemur, Slow loris, Smilodectes, Snout, Social grooming, Sociality, Southeast Asia, Species description, Sportive lemur, St. George Jackson Mivart, Stereopsis, Sub-Saharan Africa, Subfossil lemur, Sublingua, Sympatry, Symplesiomorphy, Synapomorphy and apomorphy, Talus bone, Tapetum lucidum, Tarsier, Tarsus (skeleton), Taxonomic rank, Taxonomy (biology), Teilhardina, Territory (animal), Toe, Tool use by animals, Toothcomb, Traditional medicine, Transitional fossil, Treeshrew, Tropical rainforest, True lemur, Tunisia, Tympanic cavity, Tympanic part of the temporal bone, Uganda, Ungulate, Urination, Urine, Uterus, Vertical clinging and leaping, Vitamin C, Volatility (chemistry), Vomeronasal organ, Wastebasket taxon, Whiskers, William Charles Osman Hill, William Henry Flower, Woolly lemur, Year, Zoology, Zygomatic bone, 10th edition of Systema Naturae, 2009 Malagasy political crisis. Expand index (216 more) »
Academic Press
Academic Press is an academic book publisher.
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Adapidae
Adapidae is a family of extinct primates that primarily radiated during the Eocene epoch between about 55 and 34 million years ago.
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Adapiformes
Adapiformes is an extinct group of early primates.
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Adapis
Adapis is an extinct genus of Adapidae primate belonging to the subfamily Adapinae The genus was named by Cuvier in 1821 and contains up to three species.
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Adapoides
Adapoides is a genus of adapiform primate dating to the Middle Eocene in Asia.
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Adaptive radiation
In evolutionary biology, adaptive radiation is a process in which organisms diversify rapidly from an ancestral species into a multitude of new forms, particularly when a change in the environment makes new resources available, creates new challenges, or opens new environmental niches.
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Alarm signal
In animal communication, an alarm signal is an antipredator adaptation in the form of signals emitted by social animals in response to danger.
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Algeria
Algeria (الجزائر, familary Algerian Arabic الدزاير; ⴷⵣⴰⵢⴻⵔ; Dzayer; Algérie), officially the People's Democratic Republic of Algeria, is a sovereign state in North Africa on the Mediterranean coast.
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Altanius
Altanius is a genus of extinct primates found in the early Eocene of Mongolia.
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Altiatlasius
Altiatlasius is potentially the oldest known "euprimate" (primate of modern aspect), dating to the Late Paleocene from Morocco.
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Ambrosius Hubrecht
Ambrosius Arnold Willem Hubrecht (2 March 1853, Rotterdam – 21 March 1915, Utrecht) was a Dutch zoologist.
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Amygdala
The amygdala (plural: amygdalae; also corpus amygdaloideum; Latin from Greek, ἀμυγδαλή, amygdalē, 'Almond', 'tonsil') is one of two almond-shaped groups of nuclei located deep and medially within the temporal lobes of the brain in complex vertebrates, including humans.
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Anchomomys
Anchomomys is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in Europe and Africa during the middle Eocene.
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Ancient Greek
The Ancient Greek language includes the forms of Greek used in ancient Greece and the ancient world from around the 9th century BC to the 6th century AD.
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Angwantibo
Angwantibos are two species of strepsirrhine primates classified in the genus Arctocebus of the family Lorisidae.
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Arboreal locomotion
Arboreal locomotion is the locomotion of animals in trees.
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Arthropod
An arthropod (from Greek ἄρθρον arthron, "joint" and πούς pous, "foot") is an invertebrate animal having an exoskeleton (external skeleton), a segmented body, and paired jointed appendages.
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Ascending pharyngeal artery
The ascending pharyngeal artery is an artery in the neck that supplies the pharynx.
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Aye-aye
The aye-aye (Daubentonia madagascariensis) is a lemur, a strepsirrhine primate native to Madagascar that combines rodent-like teeth that perpetually grow and a special thin middle finger.
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Azibiidae
Azibiidae is an extinct family of fossil primate from the late early or early middle Eocene from the Glib Zegdou Formation in the Gour Lazib area of Algeria.
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Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire
Étienne Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire (15 April 1772 – 19 June 1844) was a French naturalist who established the principle of "unity of composition".
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Baculum
The baculum (also penis bone, penile bone, or os penis, or os priapi) is a bone found in the penis of many placental mammals.
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Bamboo lemur
The bamboo or gentle lemurs are the lemurs in genus Hapalemur.
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Basal (phylogenetics)
In phylogenetics, basal is the direction of the base (or root) of a rooted phylogenetic tree or cladogram.
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Basal metabolic rate
Basal metabolic rate (BMR) is the rate of energy expenditure per unit time by endothermic animals at rest.
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Bicornuate uterus
A bicornuate uterus or bicornate uterus (from the Latin cornū, meaning "horn"), commonly referred to as a "heart-shaped" uterus, is a uterus composed of two "horns" separated by a septum.
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Biology
Biology is the natural science that studies life and living organisms, including their physical structure, chemical composition, function, development and evolution.
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Biosynthesis
Biosynthesis (also called anabolism) is a multi-step, enzyme-catalyzed process where substrates are converted into more complex products in living organisms.
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Breeding pair
Breeding pair is a pair of animals which cooperate over time to produce offspring with some form of a bond between the individuals.
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Bushmeat
Bushmeat, wildmeat, or game meat is meat from non-domesticated mammals, reptiles, amphibians and birds hunted for food in tropical forests.
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Canine tooth
In mammalian oral anatomy, the canine teeth, also called cuspids, dog teeth, fangs, or (in the case of those of the upper jaw) eye teeth, are relatively long, pointed teeth.
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Cantius
Cantius is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in North America and Europe during the early Eocene.
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Carl Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement as Carl von LinnéBlunt (2004), p. 171.
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Cartilage
Cartilage is a resilient and smooth elastic tissue, a rubber-like padding that covers and protects the ends of long bones at the joints, and is a structural component of the rib cage, the ear, the nose, the bronchial tubes, the intervertebral discs, and many other body components.
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Cathemerality
Cathemerality, sometimes called metaturnality, is the behaviour in which an organism has sporadic and random intervals of activity during the day or night in which food is acquired, socializing with other organisms occurs, and any other activities necessary for livelihood are performed.
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Cellulose
Cellulose is an organic compound with the formula, a polysaccharide consisting of a linear chain of several hundred to many thousands of β(1→4) linked D-glucose units.
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Cercamoniinae
Cercamoniinae is a subfamily within the extinct primate family Notharctidae primarily found in Europe, although a few genera have been found in North America and Africa.
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Cercamonius
Cercamonius is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in Europe during the late Eocene.
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Cheirogaleidae
The Cheirogaleidae are the family of strepsirrhine primates containing the various dwarf and mouse lemurs.
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Chorion
The chorion is the outermost fetal membrane around the embryo in mammals, birds and reptiles.
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CITES
CITES (the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora, also known as the Washington Convention) is a multilateral treaty to protect endangered plants and animals.
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Clade
A clade (from κλάδος, klados, "branch"), also known as monophyletic group, is a group of organisms that consists of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants, and represents a single "branch" on the "tree of life".
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Clitoris
The clitoris is a female sex organ present in mammals, ostriches and a limited number of other animals.
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Colugo
Colugos are arboreal gliding mammals found in Southeast Asia.
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Comparative anatomy
Comparative anatomy is the study of similarities and differences in the anatomy of different species.
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Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group of a collection of species consists of the living representatives of the collection together with their ancestors back to their most recent common ancestor as well as all of that ancestor's descendants.
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Cusp (anatomy)
A cusp is a pointed, projecting, or elevated feature.
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Darwinius
Darwinius is a genus within the infraorder Adapiformes, a group of basal strepsirrhine primates from the middle Eocene epoch.
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David Tab Rasmussen
David Tab Rasmussen (June 17, 1958 – August 7, 2014), also known as D. Tab Rasmussen, was an American biological anthropologist.
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Deforestation
Deforestation, clearance, or clearing is the removal of a forest or stand of trees where the land is thereafter converted to a non-forest use.
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Diastema
A diastema (plural diastemata) is a space or gap between two teeth.
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Diurnality
Diurnality is a form of plant or animal behavior characterized by activity during the day, with a period of sleeping, or other inactivity, at night.
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Djebelemur
Djebelemur is an extinct genus of early strepsirrhine primate from the late early or early middle Eocene period from the Chambi locality in Tunisia.
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Djebelemuridae
Djebelemuridae is an extinct family of early strepsirrhine primates from Africa.
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Donrussellia
Donrussellia is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in Europe during the early Eocene.
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Duct (anatomy)
In anatomy and physiology, a duct is a circumscribed channel leading from an exocrine gland or organ.
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Dwarf lemur
The dwarf lemurs are the lemurs of the genus Cheirogaleus.
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Eardrum
In the anatomy of humans and various other tetrapods, the eardrum, also called the tympanic membrane or myringa, is a thin, cone-shaped membrane that separates the external ear from the middle ear.
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Ecological niche
In ecology, a niche (CanE, or) is the fit of a species living under specific environmental conditions.
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Ectotympanic
The ectotympanic, or tympanicum, is a bony ring in the tympanic part of the temporal bone that holds the eardrum, or tympanic membrane.
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Elwyn L. Simons
Elwyn LaVerne Simons (July 14, 1930 – March 6, 2016) was an American paleontologist, paleozoologist, and a wildlife conservationist for primates.
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Endangered species
An endangered species is a species which has been categorized as very likely to become extinct.
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Endemism
Endemism is the ecological state of a species being unique to a defined geographic location, such as an island, nation, country or other defined zone, or habitat type; organisms that are indigenous to a place are not endemic to it if they are also found elsewhere.
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Eocene
The Eocene Epoch, lasting from, is a major division of the geologic timescale and the second epoch of the Paleogene Period in the Cenozoic Era.
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Eocene–Oligocene extinction event
The transition between the end of the Eocene and the beginning of the Oligocene is marked by large-scale extinction and floral and faunal turnover (although minor in comparison to the largest mass extinctions).
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Epidermis
The epidermis is the outer layer of the three layers that make up the skin, the inner layers being the dermis and hypodermis.
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Equatorial Africa
Equatorial Africa is an ambiguous term that sometimes is used to refer to tropical Africa, or the equatorial region of Sub-Saharan Africa traversed by the equator.
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Euarchonta
The Euarchonta are a proposed grandorder of mammals containing four orders: the Scandentia or treeshrews, the Dermoptera or colugos, the extinct Plesiadapiformes, and the Primates.
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Europolemur
Europolemur is a genus of adapiformes primates that lived in Europe during the middle Eocene.
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Eutheria
Eutheria (from Greek εὐ-, eu- "good" or "right" and θηρίον, thēríon "beast" hence "true beasts") is one of two mammalian clades with extant members that diverged in the Early Cretaceous or perhaps the Late Jurassic.
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Evolution of mammals
The evolution of mammals has passed through many stages since the first appearance of their synapsid ancestors in the late Carboniferous period.
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Evolutionary grade
In alpha taxonomy, a grade is a taxon united by a level of morphological or physiological complexity.
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Evolutionary radiation
An evolutionary radiation is an increase in taxonomic diversity or morphological disparity, due to adaptive change or the opening of ecospace.
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Exotic pet
An exotic pet is a rare or unusual animal pet, or an animal kept within human households which is generally thought of as a wild species not typically kept as a pet.
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Extinction event
An extinction event (also known as a mass extinction or biotic crisis) is a widespread and rapid decrease in the biodiversity on Earth.
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Fady (taboo)
Fady, in Malagasy culture, refers to a wide range of cultural prohibitions or taboos.
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Faiyum Oasis
The Faiyum Oasis (واحة الفيوم Waḥet El Fayyum) is a depression or basin in the desert immediately to the west of the Nile south of Cairo.
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Family (biology)
In biological classification, family (familia, plural familiae) is one of the eight major taxonomic ranks; it is classified between order and genus.
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Fauna of Africa
The fauna of Africa, in its broader sense, is all the animals living in Africa and its surrounding seas and islands.
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Fauna of India
India has some of the world's most biodiverse regions.
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Fauna of Madagascar
The fauna of Madagascar is a part of the wildlife of Madagascar.
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Feces
Feces (or faeces) are the solid or semisolid remains of the food that could not be digested in the small intestine.
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Fibula
The fibula or calf bone is a leg bone located on the lateral side of the tibia, with which it is connected above and below.
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Flexor hallucis longus muscle
The flexor hallucis longus muscle (FHL) is one of the three deep muscles of the posterior compartment of the leg that attaches to the plantar surface of the distal phalanx of the great toe.
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Folivore
In zoology, a folivore is a herbivore that specializes in eating leaves.
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Fork-marked lemur
Fork-marked lemurs or fork-crowned lemurs are strepsirrhine primates; the four species comprise the genus Phaner.
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Fossil
A fossil (from Classical Latin fossilis; literally, "obtained by digging") is any preserved remains, impression, or trace of any once-living thing from a past geological age.
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Fovea centralis
The fovea centralis is a small, central pit composed of closely packed cones in the eye.
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Frontal bone
The frontal bone is a bone in the human skull.
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Frugivore
A frugivore is a fruit eater.
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Galago
Galagos, also known as bushbabies, bush babies, or nagapies (meaning "little night monkeys" in Afrikaans), are small nocturnal primates native to continental Africa, and make up the family Galagidae (also sometimes called Galagonidae).
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Genetic divergence
Genetic divergence is the process in which two or more populations of an ancestral species accumulate independent genetic changes (mutations) through time, often after the populations have become reproductively isolated for some period of time.
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Genetics
Genetics is the study of genes, genetic variation, and heredity in living organisms.
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Genus
A genus (genera) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, as well as viruses, in biology.
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Georges Cuvier
Jean Léopold Nicolas Frédéric, Baron Cuvier (23 August 1769 – 13 May 1832), known as Georges Cuvier, was a French naturalist and zoologist, sometimes referred to as the "founding father of paleontology".
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Global warming
Global warming, also referred to as climate change, is the observed century-scale rise in the average temperature of the Earth's climate system and its related effects.
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Godinotia
Godinotia is an extinct genus of strepsirrhine primate belonging to the Adapidae family.
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Greater galago
The greater galagos or thick-tailed bushbabies are everyday names for three species of strepsirrhine primates.
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Grooming claw
A grooming claw (or toilet claw) is the specialized claw or nail on the foot of certain primates, used for personal grooming.
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Habitat destruction
Habitat destruction is the process in which natural habitat is rendered unable to support the species present.
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Haplorhini
Haplorhini (the haplorhines or the "dry-nosed" primates, the Greek name means "simple-nosed") is a suborder of primates containing the tarsiers and the simians (Simiiformes or anthropoids), as sister of the Strepsirrhini.
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Hard palate
The hard palate is a thin horizontal bony plate of the skull, located in the roof of the mouth.
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Hemicellulose
A hemicellulose (also known as polyose) is any of several heteropolymers (matrix polysaccharides), such as arabinoxylans, present along with cellulose in almost all plant cell walls.
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Home range
A home range is the area in which an animal lives and moves on a periodic basis.
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Hypothalamus
The hypothalamus(from Greek ὑπό, "under" and θάλαμος, thalamus) is a portion of the brain that contains a number of small nuclei with a variety of functions.
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Hyrax
Hyraxes (from the Greek ὕραξ, hýrax, "shrewmouse"), also called dassies, are small, thickset, herbivorous mammals in the order Hyracoidea.
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Illegal logging in Madagascar
Illegal logging has been a problem in Madagascar for decades and is perpetuated by extreme poverty and government corruption.
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Incisive foramen
In the human mouth, the incisive foramen, also called anterior palatine foramen, or nasopalatine foramen is a funnel-shaped opening in the bone of the oral hard palate immediately behind the incisor teeth where blood vessels and nerves pass.
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Incisor
Incisors (from Latin incidere, "to cut") are the front teeth present in most mammals.
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Indri
The indri (Indri indri), also called the babakoto, is one of the largest living lemurs, with a head-and-body length of about and a weight of between.
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Indriidae
The Indriidae (sometimes incorrectly spelled Indridae) are a family of strepsirrhine primates.
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Inner ear
The inner ear (internal ear, auris interna) is the innermost part of the vertebrate ear.
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Insectivore
robber fly eating a hoverfly An insectivore is a carnivorous plant or animal that eats insects.
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Internal carotid artery
The internal carotid artery is a major paired artery, one on each side of the head and neck, in human anatomy.
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International Union for Conservation of Nature
The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN; officially International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources) is an international organization working in the field of nature conservation and sustainable use of natural resources.
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Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger
Johann Karl Wilhelm Illiger (19 November 1775 – 10 May 1813) was a German entomologist and zoologist.
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Karanisia
Karanisia is an extinct genus of strepsirrhine primate and is represented by two species, K. clarki and K. arenula.
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Kenya
Kenya, officially the Republic of Kenya, is a country in Africa with its capital and largest city in Nairobi.
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Land bridge
A land bridge, in biogeography, is an isthmus or wider land connection between otherwise separate areas, over which animals and plants are able to cross and colonise new lands.
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Laurasia
Laurasia was the more northern of two supercontinents (the other being Gondwana) that formed part of the Pangaea supercontinent around (Mya).
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Lemur
Lemurs are a clade of strepsirrhine primates endemic to the island of Madagascar.
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Lemuridae
Lemuridae is a family of strepsirrhine primates native to Madagascar, and the Comoros Islands.
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Lemuriformes
Lemuriformes is an infraorder of primate that falls under the suborder Strepsirrhini.
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Leptadapis
Leptadapis is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in Europe during the middle Eocene.
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List of fossil primates
This is a list of fossil primates—extinct primates for which a fossil record exists.
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List of mammalian gestation durations
No description.
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Living fossil
A living fossil is an extant taxon that closely resembles organisms otherwise known only from the fossil record.
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Loris
Loris is the common name for the strepsirrhine primates of the subfamily Lorinae (sometimes spelled Lorisinae) in the family Lorisidae.
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Lorisidae
Lorisidae (or sometimes Loridae) is a family of strepsirrhine primates.
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Lorisoidea
Lorisoidea is a superfamily of nocturnal primates found throughout Africa and Asia.
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Madagascar spiny forests
The Madagascar spiny forests (also known as the Madagascar spiny thickets) is an ecoregion in the southwest of Madagascar.
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Mammary gland
A mammary gland is an exocrine gland in mammals that produces milk to feed young offspring.
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Mandibular symphysis
In the facial skeleton of the skull the external surface of the mandible is marked in the median line by a faint ridge, indicating the mandibular symphysis, or symphysis menti, or line of junction where the two lateral halves of the mandible fused at an early period of life.
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Megaladapis
Megaladapis, informally known as koala lemur, is an extinct genus belonging to the family Megaladapidae, consisting of three extinct species of lemurs that once inhabited the island of Madagascar.
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Merkel cell
Merkel cells, also known as Merkel-Ranvier cells or tactile epithelial cells, are oval-shaped mechanoreceptors essential for light touch sensation and found in the skin of vertebrates.
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Middle ear
The middle ear is the portion of the ear internal to the eardrum, and external to the oval window of the inner ear.
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Miocene
The Miocene is the first geological epoch of the Neogene Period and extends from about (Ma).
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Molecular clock
The molecular clock is a technique that uses the mutation rate of biomolecules to deduce the time in prehistory when two or more life forms diverged.
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Monkey lemur
The monkey lemurs or baboon lemurs (Archaeolemuridae) are a recently extinct family of lemurs known from skeletal remains from sites on Madagascar dated to 1000 to 3000 years ago.
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Monogamy in animals
Monogamous pairing in animals refers to the natural history of mating systems in which species pair bond to raise offspring.
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Monophyly
In cladistics, a monophyletic group, or clade, is a group of organisms that consists of all the descendants of a common ancestor.
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Morphology (biology)
Morphology is a branch of biology dealing with the study of the form and structure of organisms and their specific structural features.
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Mouse lemur
The mouse lemurs are nocturnal lemurs of the genus Microcebus.
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Mucous membrane
A mucous membrane or mucosa is a membrane that lines various cavities in the body and covers the surface of internal organs.
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Multi-male group
Multi-male groups, also known as multi-male/multi-female, are a type of social organization where the group contains more than one adult male, more than one adult female, and offspring.
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Nasal cavity
The nasal cavity (nasal fossa, or nasal passage) is a large air filled space above and behind the nose in the middle of the face.
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Nasal concha
In anatomy, a nasal concha, plural conchae, also called a turbinate or turbinal, is a long, narrow, curled shelf of bone that protrudes into the breathing passage of the nose in humans and various animals.
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Natural history
Natural history is a domain of inquiry involving organisms including animals, fungi and plants in their environment; leaning more towards observational than experimental methods of study.
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Natural selection
Natural selection is the differential survival and reproduction of individuals due to differences in phenotype.
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Needle-clawed bushbaby
The needle-clawed bushbabies are the two species in the genus Euoticus, which is in the family Galagidae.
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Neontology
Neontology is a part of biology that, in contrast to paleontology, deals with living (or, more generally, recent) organisms.
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New World monkey
New World monkeys are the five families of primates that are found in the tropical regions of Central and South America and Mexico: Callitrichidae, Cebidae, Aotidae, Pitheciidae, and Atelidae.
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Night vision
Night vision is the ability to see in low-light conditions.
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Nocturnality
Nocturnality is an animal behavior characterized by being active during the night and sleeping during the day.
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Northern Hemisphere
The Northern Hemisphere is the half of Earth that is north of the Equator.
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Notharctidae
Notharctidae is an extinct family of adapiform primates found primarily in North America and Europe.
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Notharctus
Notharctus is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in North America and Europe during the late to middle Eocene.
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Oceanic dispersal
Oceanic dispersal is a type of biological dispersal that occurs when terrestrial organisms transfer from one land mass to another by way of a sea crossing.
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Old World monkey
The Old World monkeys or Cercopithecidae are a family of catarrhines, the only family in the superfamily Cercopithecoidea in the clade (or parvorder) of Catarrhini.
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Olfaction
Olfaction is a chemoreception that forms the sense of smell.
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Olfactory bulb
The olfactory bulb (bulbus olfactorius) is a neural structure of the vertebrate forebrain involved in olfaction, the sense of smell.
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Olfactory receptor
Olfactory receptors (ORs), also known as odorant receptors, are expressed in the cell membranes of olfactory receptor neurons and are responsible for the detection of odorants (i.e., compounds that have an odor) which give rise to the sense of smell.
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Olfactory system
The olfactory system, or sense of smell, is the part of the sensory system used for smelling (olfaction).
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Oligocene
The Oligocene is a geologic epoch of the Paleogene Period and extends from about 33.9 million to 23 million years before the present (to). As with other older geologic periods, the rock beds that define the epoch are well identified but the exact dates of the start and end of the epoch are slightly uncertain.
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Omnivore
Omnivore is a consumption classification for animals that have the capability to obtain chemical energy and nutrients from materials originating from plant and animal origin.
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Omomyidae
Omomyidae is a family of early primates that radiated during the Eocene epoch between about (mya).
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Orbit (anatomy)
In anatomy, the orbit is the cavity or socket of the skull in which the eye and its appendages are situated.
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Order (biology)
In biological classification, the order (ordo) is.
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Pachydermata
Pachydermata (from two Greek words παχύς pachys, "thick" and δερμα derma, "skin", meaning 'thick skin') is an obsolete order of mammals described by Gottlieb Storr, Georges Cuvier and others, at one time recognized by many systematists.
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Palaeolemur
Palaeolemur is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in Europe during the late Eocene.
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Paleocene
The Paleocene or Palaeocene, the "old recent", is a geological epoch that lasted from about.
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Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum
The Paleocene–Eocene Thermal Maximum (PETM), alternatively (ETM1), and formerly known as the "Initial Eocene" or "" was a time period with more than 8 °C warmer global average temperature than today.
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Paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the scientific study of life that existed prior to, and sometimes including, the start of the Holocene Epoch (roughly 11,700 years before present).
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Paraphyly
In taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's last common ancestor and all descendants of that ancestor excluding a few—typically only one or two—monophyletic subgroups.
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Pelycodus
Pelycodus is an extinct genus of adapiform primate that lived during the early Eocene (Wasatchian) period in Europe and North America, particularly Wyoming and New Mexico.
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Personal grooming
Personal grooming (also called preening) is the art of cleaning, grooming, and maintaining parts of the body.
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Pheromone
A pheromone (from Ancient Greek φέρω phero "to bear" and hormone, from Ancient Greek ὁρμή "impetus") is a secreted or excreted chemical factor that triggers a social response in members of the same species.
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Philip D. Gingerich
Philip Dean Gingerich (born March 23, 1946) is a paleontologist and educator.
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Philtrum
The philtrum (philtrum, φίλτρον philtron, lit. "love charm"), or medial cleft, is a vertical indentation in the middle area of the upper lip, common to many mammals, extending in humans from the nasal septum to the tubercle of the upper lip.
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Phylogenetics
In biology, phylogenetics (Greek: φυλή, φῦλον – phylé, phylon.
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Pieter Boddaert
Pieter Boddaert (1730 – 6 May 1795) was a Dutch physician and naturalist.
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Placenta
The placenta is an organ that connects the developing fetus to the uterine wall to allow nutrient uptake, thermo-regulation, waste elimination, and gas exchange via the mother's blood supply; to fight against internal infection; and to produce hormones which support pregnancy.
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Placentation
In biology, placentation refers to the formation, type and structure, or arrangement of the placenta.
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Plesiadapiformes
Plesiadapiformes ("Adapid-like" or "near Adapiformes") is an extinct (and possibly paraphyletic or polyphyletic) order of mammals.
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Plesiopithecus
Plesiopithecus is an extinct genus of early strepsirrhine primate from the late Eocene.
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Postcrania
Postcrania (postcranium, adjective: postcranial) in zoology and vertebrate paleontology refers to all or part of the skeleton apart from the skull.
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Postorbital bar
The postorbital bar (or postorbital bone) is a bony arched structure that connects the frontal bone of the skull to the zygomatic arch, which runs laterally around the eye socket.
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Potto
The potto (Perodicticus potto) is a strepsirrhine primate of the family Lorisidae.
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Precocial
In biology, precocial species are those in which the young are relatively mature and mobile from the moment of birth or hatching.
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Predation
Predation is a biological interaction where a predator (a hunting animal) kills and eats its prey (the organism that is attacked).
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Premolar
The premolar teeth, or bicuspids, are transitional teeth located between the canine and molar teeth.
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Primate
A primate is a mammal of the order Primates (Latin: "prime, first rank").
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Primatology
Primatology is the scientific study of primates.
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Primatomorpha
The Primatomorpha are a mirorder of mammals containing two orders: the Dermoptera or colugos and the Primates (Plesiadapiformes, Tarsiiformes, Simiiformes).
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Pronycticebus
Pronycticebus was a genus of adapiformes primates that lived during the middle to middle late Eocene.
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Pseudo-penis
A pseudo-penis is any structure found on an animal that, while superficially appearing to be a penis, is derived from a different developmental path.
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Quadrupedalism
Quadrupedalism or pronograde posture is a form of terrestrial locomotion in animals using four limbs or legs.
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R. I. Pocock
Reginald Innes Pocock F.R.S. (4 March 1863 – 9 August 1947) was a British zoologist.
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Retina
The retina is the innermost, light-sensitive "coat", or layer, of shell tissue of the eye of most vertebrates and some molluscs.
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Rhinarium
The rhinarium (New Latin, "belonging to the nose"; plural: rhinaria) is the naked skin surface surrounding the external openings of the nostrils in most mammals.
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Riboflavin
Riboflavin, also known as vitamin B2, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.
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Ring-tailed lemur
The ring-tailed lemur (Lemur catta) is a large strepsirrhine primate and the most recognized lemur due to its long, black and white ringed tail.
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Rodent
Rodents (from Latin rodere, "to gnaw") are mammals of the order Rodentia, which are characterized by a single pair of continuously growing incisors in each of the upper and lower jaws.
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Ruffed lemur
The ruffed lemurs of the genus Varecia are strepsirrhine primates and the largest extant lemurs within the family Lemuridae.
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Sagittal crest
A sagittal crest is a ridge of bone running lengthwise along the midline of the top of the skull (at the sagittal suture) of many mammalian and reptilian skulls, among others.
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Sexual dimorphism
Sexual dimorphism is the condition where the two sexes of the same species exhibit different characteristics beyond the differences in their sexual organs.
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Sifaka
Sifakas (singular "sifaka") are a genus (Propithecus) of lemur from the family Indriidae within the order Primates.
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Simian
The simians (infraorder Simiiformes) are monkeys and apes, cladistically including: the New World monkeys or platyrrhines, and the catarrhine clade consisting of the Old World monkeys and apes (including humans).
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Sister group
A sister group or sister taxon is a phylogenetic term denoting the closest relatives of another given unit in an evolutionary tree.
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Sivaladapidae
Sivaladapidae is an extinct family of adapiform primates from Asia.
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Slender loris
Slender lorises (Loris) are a genus of loris native to India and Sri Lanka.
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Sloth lemur
The sloth lemurs (Palaeopropithecidae) comprise an extinct clade of lemurs that includes four genera.
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Slow loris
Slow lorises are a group of several species of nocturnal strepsirrhine primates that make up the genus Nycticebus.
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Smilodectes
Smilodectes is a genus of adapiform primate that lived in North America during the middle Eocene.
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Snout
A snout is the protruding portion of an animal's face, consisting of its nose, mouth, and jaw.
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Social grooming
Social grooming is a behaviour in which social animals, including humans, clean or maintain one another's body or appearance.
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Sociality
Sociality is the degree to which individuals in an animal population tend to associate in social groups (Gregariousness) and form cooperative societies.
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Southeast Asia
Southeast Asia or Southeastern Asia is a subregion of Asia, consisting of the countries that are geographically south of China, east of India, west of New Guinea and north of Australia.
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Species description
A species description is a formal description of a newly discovered species, usually in the form of a scientific paper.
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Sportive lemur
The sportive lemurs are the medium-sized primates that make up the family Lepilemuridae.
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St. George Jackson Mivart
St.
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Stereopsis
Stereopsis (from the Greek στερεο- stereo- meaning "solid", and ὄψις opsis, "appearance, sight") is a term that is most often used to refer to the perception of depth and 3-dimensional structure obtained on the basis of visual information deriving from two eyes by individuals with normally developed binocular vision.
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Sub-Saharan Africa
Sub-Saharan Africa is, geographically, the area of the continent of Africa that lies south of the Sahara.
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Subfossil lemur
Subfossil lemurs are lemurs from Madagascar that are represented by recent (subfossil) remains dating from nearly 26,000 years ago to approximately 560 years ago (from the late Pleistocene until the Holocene).
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Sublingua
The sublingua ("under-tongue") is a muscular secondary tongue found below the primary tongue in tarsiers and living strepsirrhine primates, which includes lemurs and lorisoids (collectively called "lemuriforms").
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Sympatry
In biology, two species or populations are considered sympatric when they exist in the same geographic area and thus frequently encounter one another.
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Symplesiomorphy
In phylogenetics, a plesiomorphy, symplesiomorphy or symplesiomorphic character is an ancestral character or trait state shared by two or more taxa.
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Synapomorphy and apomorphy
In phylogenetics, apomorphy and synapomorphy refer to derived characters of a clade – characters or traits that are derived from ancestral characters over evolutionary history.
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Talus bone
The talus (Latin for ankle), talus bone, astragalus, or ankle bone is one of the group of foot bones known as the tarsus.
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Tapetum lucidum
The tapetum lucidum (Latin: "bright tapestry; coverlet", plural tapeta lucida) is a layer of tissue in the eye of many vertebrates.
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Tarsier
Tarsiers are any haplorrhine primates of the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes.
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Tarsus (skeleton)
The tarsus is a cluster of seven articulating bones in each foot situated between the lower end of tibia and fibula of the lower leg and the metatarsus.
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Taxonomic rank
In biological classification, taxonomic rank is the relative level of a group of organisms (a taxon) in a taxonomic hierarchy.
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Taxonomy (biology)
Taxonomy is the science of defining and naming groups of biological organisms on the basis of shared characteristics.
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Teilhardina
Teilhardina was an early marmoset-like primate that lived in Europe, North America and Asia during in the Early Eocene epoch, about 56-47 million years ago.
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Territory (animal)
In ethology, territory is the sociographical area that an animal of a particular species consistently defends against conspecifics (or, occasionally, animals of other species).
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Toe
Toes are the digits of the foot of a tetrapod.
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Tool use by animals
Tool use by animals is a phenomenon in which an animal uses any kind of tool in order to achieve a goal such as acquiring food and water, grooming, defense, recreation or construction.
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Toothcomb
A toothcomb (also tooth comb or dental comb) is a dental structure found in some mammals, comprising a group of front teeth arranged in a manner that facilitates grooming, similar to a hair comb.
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Traditional medicine
Traditional medicine (also known as indigenous or folk medicine) comprises medical aspects of traditional knowledge that developed over generations within various societies before the era of modern medicine.
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Transitional fossil
A transitional fossil is any fossilized remains of a life form that exhibits traits common to both an ancestral group and its derived descendant group.
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Treeshrew
The treeshrews (or tree shrews or banxrings) are small Euarchontoglire mammals native to the tropical forests of Southeast Asia.
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Tropical rainforest
Tropical rainforests are rainforests that occur in areas of tropical rainforest climate in which there is no dry season – all months have an average precipitation of at least 60 mm – and may also be referred to as lowland equatorial evergreen rainforest.
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True lemur
True lemurs, also known as brown lemurs, are the lemurs in genus Eulemur.
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Tunisia
Tunisia (تونس; Berber: Tunes, ⵜⵓⵏⴻⵙ; Tunisie), officially the Republic of Tunisia, (الجمهورية التونسية) is a sovereign state in Northwest Africa, covering. Its northernmost point, Cape Angela, is the northernmost point on the African continent. It is bordered by Algeria to the west and southwest, Libya to the southeast, and the Mediterranean Sea to the north and east. Tunisia's population was estimated to be just under 11.93 million in 2016. Tunisia's name is derived from its capital city, Tunis, which is located on its northeast coast. Geographically, Tunisia contains the eastern end of the Atlas Mountains, and the northern reaches of the Sahara desert. Much of the rest of the country's land is fertile soil. Its of coastline include the African conjunction of the western and eastern parts of the Mediterranean Basin and, by means of the Sicilian Strait and Sardinian Channel, feature the African mainland's second and third nearest points to Europe after Gibraltar. Tunisia is a unitary semi-presidential representative democratic republic. It is considered to be the only full democracy in the Arab World. It has a high human development index. It has an association agreement with the European Union; is a member of La Francophonie, the Union for the Mediterranean, the Arab Maghreb Union, the Arab League, the OIC, the Greater Arab Free Trade Area, the Community of Sahel-Saharan States, the African Union, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Group of 77; and has obtained the status of major non-NATO ally of the United States. In addition, Tunisia is also a member state of the United Nations and a state party to the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court. Close relations with Europe in particular with France and with Italy have been forged through economic cooperation, privatisation and industrial modernization. In ancient times, Tunisia was primarily inhabited by Berbers. Phoenician immigration began in the 12th century BC; these immigrants founded Carthage. A major mercantile power and a military rival of the Roman Republic, Carthage was defeated by the Romans in 146 BC. The Romans, who would occupy Tunisia for most of the next eight hundred years, introduced Christianity and left architectural legacies like the El Djem amphitheater. After several attempts starting in 647, the Muslims conquered the whole of Tunisia by 697, followed by the Ottoman Empire between 1534 and 1574. The Ottomans held sway for over three hundred years. The French colonization of Tunisia occurred in 1881. Tunisia gained independence with Habib Bourguiba and declared the Tunisian Republic in 1957. In 2011, the Tunisian Revolution resulted in the overthrow of President Zine El Abidine Ben Ali, followed by parliamentary elections. The country voted for parliament again on 26 October 2014, and for President on 23 November 2014.
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Tympanic cavity
The tympanic cavity is a small cavity surrounding the bones of the middle ear.
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Tympanic part of the temporal bone
The tympanic part of the temporal bone is a curved plate of bone lying below the squamous part of the temporal bone, in front of the mastoid process, and surrounding the external part of the ear canal.
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Uganda
Uganda, officially the Republic of Uganda (Jamhuri ya Uganda), is a landlocked country in East Africa.
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Ungulate
Ungulates (pronounced) are any members of a diverse group of primarily large mammals that includes odd-toed ungulates such as horses and rhinoceroses, and even-toed ungulates such as cattle, pigs, giraffes, camels, deer, and hippopotami.
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Urination
Urination is the release of urine from the urinary bladder through the urethra to the outside of the body.
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Urine
Urine is a liquid by-product of metabolism in humans and in many animals.
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Uterus
The uterus (from Latin "uterus", plural uteri) or womb is a major female hormone-responsive secondary sex organ of the reproductive system in humans and most other mammals.
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Vertical clinging and leaping
Vertical clinging and leaping is a type of arboreal locomotion seen most commonly among the strepsirrhine primates, and particularly the members of the family Indriidae.
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Vitamin C
Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid and L-ascorbic acid, is a vitamin found in food and used as a dietary supplement.
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Volatility (chemistry)
In chemistry and physics, volatility is quantified by the tendency of a substance to vaporize.
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Vomeronasal organ
The vomeronasal organ (VNO), or the Jacobson's organ, is an auxiliary olfactory sense organ that is found in many animals.
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Wastebasket taxon
Wastebasket taxon (also called a wastebin taxon, dustbin taxon or catch-all taxon) is a term used by some taxonomists to refer to a taxon that has the sole purpose of classifying organisms that do not fit anywhere else.
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Whiskers
Whiskers or vibrissae (singular: vibrissa) are a type of mammalian hair that are typically characterised, anatomically, by their large length, large and well-innervated hair follicle, and by having an identifiable representation in the somatosensory cortex of the brain.
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William Charles Osman Hill
Dr William Charles Osman Hill FRSE FZS FLS FRAI (13 July 1901 – 25 January 1975) was a British anatomist, primatologist, and a leading authority on primate anatomy during the 20th century.
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William Henry Flower
Sir William Henry Flower KCB FRCS FRS (30 November 1831 – 1 July 1899) was an English surgeon, museum curator and comparative anatomist, who became a leading authority on mammals and especially on the primate brain.
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Woolly lemur
The woolly lemurs, also known as avahis or woolly indris, are nine species of strepsirrhine primates in the genus Avahi.
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Year
A year is the orbital period of the Earth moving in its orbit around the Sun.
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Zoology
Zoology or animal biology is the branch of biology that studies the animal kingdom, including the structure, embryology, evolution, classification, habits, and distribution of all animals, both living and extinct, and how they interact with their ecosystems.
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Zygomatic bone
In the human skull, the zygomatic bone (cheekbone or malar bone) is a paired bone which articulates with the maxilla, the temporal bone, the sphenoid bone and the frontal bone.
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10th edition of Systema Naturae
The 10th edition of Systema Naturae is a book written by Carl Linnaeus and published in two volumes in 1758 and 1759, which marks the starting point of zoological nomenclature.
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2009 Malagasy political crisis
The 2009 Malagasy political crisis began on 26 January 2009 with the political opposition movement led by Antananarivo mayor Andry Rajoelina, which sought to oust President Marc Ravalomanana from the presidency.
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Redirects here:
Strepsirhine, Strepsirhini, Strepsirine, Strepsirrhine, Strepsirrhines, Wet-nosed primate.
References
[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strepsirrhini
