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Topological vector space

Index Topological vector space

In mathematics, a topological vector space (also called a linear topological space) is one of the basic structures investigated in functional analysis. [1]

92 relations: Abelian group, Absorbing set, Academic Press, Algebra, Balanced set, Banach space, Banach–Alaoglu theorem, Barrelled space, Bornological space, Bounded operator, Bounded set (topological vector space), Cambridge University Press, Cartesian product, Category (mathematics), Cauchy sequence, Closed graph theorem, Closed set, Compact space, Complete metric space, Complex number, Continuous function, Continuous linear operator, Convex set, Countable set, Dense set, Dimension (vector space), Distribution (mathematics), Dual space, Equivalence of metrics, Euclidean space, F-space, Field extension, Fréchet space, Function (mathematics), Functional analysis, Graduate Texts in Mathematics, Hahn–Banach theorem, Hausdorff space, Hilbert space, Holomorphic function, Hyperplane, Inner product space, Inverse limit, Kernel (algebra), LF-space, Limit (category theory), Limit of a sequence, Linear form, Linear map, Linear subspace, ..., Locally compact space, Locally convex topological vector space, Lp space, Mathematics, Metric (mathematics), Metric space, Metrization theorem, Minkowski functional, Montel space, Morphism, Neighbourhood system, Norm (mathematics), Normed vector space, Nuclear operator, Nuclear space, Open mapping theorem (functional analysis), Pointwise convergence, Product topology, Quotient space (topology), Real number, Reflexive space, S&P Global, Schwartz space, Smoothness, Springer Science+Business Media, Stereotype space, Subspace topology, T1 space, Topological group, Topological ring, Topological space, Topology, Totally bounded space, Triangle inequality, Tychonoff space, Uniform boundedness principle, Uniform continuity, Uniform convergence, Uniform space, Vector space, Walter Rudin, Weak topology. Expand index (42 more) »

Abelian group

In abstract algebra, an abelian group, also called a commutative group, is a group in which the result of applying the group operation to two group elements does not depend on the order in which they are written.

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Absorbing set

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics an absorbing set in a vector space is a set S which can be inflated to include any element of the vector space.

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Academic Press

Academic Press is an academic book publisher.

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Algebra

Algebra (from Arabic "al-jabr", literally meaning "reunion of broken parts") is one of the broad parts of mathematics, together with number theory, geometry and analysis.

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Balanced set

In linear algebra and related areas of mathematics a balanced set, circled set or disk in a vector space (over a field K with an absolute value function |\cdot |) is a set S such that for all scalars \alpha with |\alpha| \leqslant 1 where The balanced hull or balanced envelope for a set S is the smallest balanced set containing S. It can be constructed as the intersection of all balanced sets containing S.

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Banach space

In mathematics, more specifically in functional analysis, a Banach space (pronounced) is a complete normed vector space.

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Banach–Alaoglu theorem

In functional analysis and related branches of mathematics, the Banach–Alaoglu theorem (also known as Alaoglu's theorem) states that the closed unit ball of the dual space of a normed vector space is compact in the weak* topology.

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Barrelled space

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, barrelled spaces are Hausdorff topological vector spaces for which every barrelled set in the space is a neighbourhood for the zero vector.

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Bornological space

In mathematics, particularly in functional analysis, a bornological space is a type of space which, in some sense, possesses the minimum amount of structure needed to address questions of boundedness of sets and functions, in the same way that a topological space possesses the minimum amount of structure needed to address questions of continuity.

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Bounded operator

In functional analysis, a bounded linear operator is a linear transformation L between normed vector spaces X and Y for which the ratio of the norm of L(v) to that of v is bounded above by the same number, over all non-zero vectors v in X. In other words, there exists some M\ge 0 such that for all v in X The smallest such M is called the operator norm \|L\|_ \, of L. A bounded linear operator is generally not a bounded function; the latter would require that the norm of L(v) be bounded for all v, which is not possible unless L(v).

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Bounded set (topological vector space)

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a set in a topological vector space is called bounded or von Neumann bounded, if every neighborhood of the zero vector can be inflated to include the set.

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Cambridge University Press

Cambridge University Press (CUP) is the publishing business of the University of Cambridge.

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Cartesian product

In set theory (and, usually, in other parts of mathematics), a Cartesian product is a mathematical operation that returns a set (or product set or simply product) from multiple sets.

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Category (mathematics)

In mathematics, a category (sometimes called an abstract category to distinguish it from a concrete category) is an algebraic structure similar to a group but without requiring inverse or closure properties.

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Cauchy sequence

In mathematics, a Cauchy sequence, named after Augustin-Louis Cauchy, is a sequence whose elements become arbitrarily close to each other as the sequence progresses.

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Closed graph theorem

In mathematics, the closed graph theorem is a basic result which characterizes continuous functions in terms of their graphs.

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Closed set

In geometry, topology, and related branches of mathematics, a closed set is a set whose complement is an open set.

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Compact space

In mathematics, and more specifically in general topology, compactness is a property that generalizes the notion of a subset of Euclidean space being closed (that is, containing all its limit points) and bounded (that is, having all its points lie within some fixed distance of each other).

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Complete metric space

In mathematical analysis, a metric space M is called complete (or a Cauchy space) if every Cauchy sequence of points in M has a limit that is also in M or, alternatively, if every Cauchy sequence in M converges in M. Intuitively, a space is complete if there are no "points missing" from it (inside or at the boundary).

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Complex number

A complex number is a number that can be expressed in the form, where and are real numbers, and is a solution of the equation.

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Continuous function

In mathematics, a continuous function is a function for which sufficiently small changes in the input result in arbitrarily small changes in the output.

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Continuous linear operator

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a continuous linear operator or continuous linear mapping is a continuous linear transformation between topological vector spaces.

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Convex set

In convex geometry, a convex set is a subset of an affine space that is closed under convex combinations.

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Countable set

In mathematics, a countable set is a set with the same cardinality (number of elements) as some subset of the set of natural numbers.

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Dense set

In topology and related areas of mathematics, a subset A of a topological space X is called dense (in X) if every point x in X either belongs to A or is a limit point of A, that is the closure of A is constituting the whole set X. Informally, for every point in X, the point is either in A or arbitrarily "close" to a member of A — for instance, every real number either is a rational number or has a rational number arbitrarily close to it (see Diophantine approximation).

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Dimension (vector space)

In mathematics, the dimension of a vector space V is the cardinality (i.e. the number of vectors) of a basis of V over its base field.

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Distribution (mathematics)

Distributions (or generalized functions) are objects that generalize the classical notion of functions in mathematical analysis.

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Dual space

In mathematics, any vector space V has a corresponding dual vector space (or just dual space for short) consisting of all linear functionals on V, together with the vector space structure of pointwise addition and scalar multiplication by constants.

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Equivalence of metrics

In the study of metric spaces in mathematics, there are various notions of two metrics on the same underlying space being "the same", or equivalent.

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Euclidean space

In geometry, Euclidean space encompasses the two-dimensional Euclidean plane, the three-dimensional space of Euclidean geometry, and certain other spaces.

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F-space

In functional analysis, an F-space is a vector space V over the real or complex numbers together with a metric d: V × V → R so that.

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Field extension

In mathematics, and in particular, algebra, a field E is an extension field of a field F if E contains F and the operations of F are those of E restricted to F. Equivalently, F is a subfield of E. For example, under the usual notions of addition and multiplication, the complex numbers are an extension field of the real numbers; the real numbers are a subfield of the complex numbers.

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Fréchet space

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, Fréchet spaces, named after Maurice Fréchet, are special topological vector spaces.

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Function (mathematics)

In mathematics, a function was originally the idealization of how a varying quantity depends on another quantity.

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Functional analysis

Functional analysis is a branch of mathematical analysis, the core of which is formed by the study of vector spaces endowed with some kind of limit-related structure (e.g. inner product, norm, topology, etc.) and the linear functions defined on these spaces and respecting these structures in a suitable sense.

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Graduate Texts in Mathematics

Graduate Texts in Mathematics (GTM) (ISSN 0072-5285) is a series of graduate-level textbooks in mathematics published by Springer-Verlag.

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Hahn–Banach theorem

In mathematics, the Hahn–Banach theorem is a central tool in functional analysis.

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Hausdorff space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, a Hausdorff space, separated space or T2 space is a topological space in which distinct points have disjoint neighbourhoods.

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Hilbert space

The mathematical concept of a Hilbert space, named after David Hilbert, generalizes the notion of Euclidean space.

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Holomorphic function

In mathematics, a holomorphic function is a complex-valued function of one or more complex variables that is complex differentiable in a neighborhood of every point in its domain.

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Hyperplane

In geometry, a hyperplane is a subspace whose dimension is one less than that of its ambient space.

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Inner product space

In linear algebra, an inner product space is a vector space with an additional structure called an inner product.

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Inverse limit

In mathematics, the inverse limit (also called the projective limit or limit) is a construction that allows one to "glue together" several related objects, the precise manner of the gluing process being specified by morphisms between the objects.

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Kernel (algebra)

In the various branches of mathematics that fall under the heading of abstract algebra, the kernel of a homomorphism measures the degree to which the homomorphism fails to be injective.

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LF-space

In mathematics, an LF-space is a topological vector space V that is a locally convex inductive limit of a countable inductive system (V_n, i_) of Fréchet spaces.

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Limit (category theory)

In category theory, a branch of mathematics, the abstract notion of a limit captures the essential properties of universal constructions such as products, pullbacks and inverse limits.

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Limit of a sequence

As the positive integer n becomes larger and larger, the value n\cdot \sin\bigg(\frac1\bigg) becomes arbitrarily close to 1.

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Linear form

In linear algebra, a linear functional or linear form (also called a one-form or covector) is a linear map from a vector space to its field of scalars.

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Linear map

In mathematics, a linear map (also called a linear mapping, linear transformation or, in some contexts, linear function) is a mapping between two modules (including vector spaces) that preserves (in the sense defined below) the operations of addition and scalar multiplication.

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Linear subspace

In linear algebra and related fields of mathematics, a linear subspace, also known as a vector subspace, or, in the older literature, a linear manifold, is a vector space that is a subset of some other (higher-dimension) vector space.

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Locally compact space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, a topological space is called locally compact if, roughly speaking, each small portion of the space looks like a small portion of a compact space.

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Locally convex topological vector space

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, locally convex topological vector spaces or locally convex spaces are examples of topological vector spaces (TVS) that generalize normed spaces.

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Lp space

In mathematics, the Lp spaces are function spaces defined using a natural generalization of the ''p''-norm for finite-dimensional vector spaces.

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Mathematics

Mathematics (from Greek μάθημα máthēma, "knowledge, study, learning") is the study of such topics as quantity, structure, space, and change.

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Metric (mathematics)

In mathematics, a metric or distance function is a function that defines a distance between each pair of elements of a set.

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Metric space

In mathematics, a metric space is a set for which distances between all members of the set are defined.

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Metrization theorem

In topology and related areas of mathematics, a metrizable space is a topological space that is homeomorphic to a metric space.

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Minkowski functional

In mathematics, in the field of functional analysis, a Minkowski functional is a function that recovers a notion of distance on a linear space.

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Montel space

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a Montel space, named after Paul Montel, is any topological vector space in which an analog of Montel's theorem holds.

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Morphism

In mathematics, a morphism is a structure-preserving map from one mathematical structure to another one of the same type.

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Neighbourhood system

In topology and related areas of mathematics, the neighbourhood system, complete system of neighbourhoods, or neighbourhood filter \mathcal(x) for a point x is the collection of all neighbourhoods for the point x.

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Norm (mathematics)

In linear algebra, functional analysis, and related areas of mathematics, a norm is a function that assigns a strictly positive length or size to each vector in a vector space—save for the zero vector, which is assigned a length of zero.

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Normed vector space

In mathematics, a normed vector space is a vector space over the real or complex numbers, on which a norm is defined.

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Nuclear operator

In mathematics, a nuclear operator is a compact operator for which a trace may be defined, such that the trace is finite and independent of the choice of basis (at least on well behaved spaces; there are some spaces on which nuclear operators do not have a trace).

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Nuclear space

In mathematics, a nuclear space is a topological vector space with many of the good properties of finite-dimensional vector spaces.

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Open mapping theorem (functional analysis)

In functional analysis, the open mapping theorem, also known as the Banach–Schauder theorem (named after Stefan Banach and Juliusz Schauder), is a fundamental result which states that if a continuous linear operator between Banach spaces is surjective then it is an open map.

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Pointwise convergence

In mathematics, pointwise convergence is one of various senses in which a sequence of functions can converge to a particular function.

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Product topology

In topology and related areas of mathematics, a product space is the cartesian product of a family of topological spaces equipped with a natural topology called the product topology.

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Quotient space (topology)

In topology and related areas of mathematics, a quotient space (also called an identification space) is, intuitively speaking, the result of identifying or "gluing together" certain points of a given topological space.

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Real number

In mathematics, a real number is a value of a continuous quantity that can represent a distance along a line.

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Reflexive space

In the area of mathematics known as functional analysis, a reflexive space is a Banach space (or more generally a locally convex topological vector space) that coincides with the continuous dual of its continuous dual space, both as linear space and as topological space.

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S&P Global

S&P Global Inc. (prior to April 2016 McGraw Hill Financial, Inc., and prior to 2013 McGraw Hill Companies) is an American publicly traded corporation headquartered in New York City.

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Schwartz space

In mathematics, Schwartz space is the function space of all functions whose derivatives are rapidly decreasing (defined rigorously below).

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Smoothness

In mathematical analysis, the smoothness of a function is a property measured by the number of derivatives it has that are continuous.

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Springer Science+Business Media

Springer Science+Business Media or Springer, part of Springer Nature since 2015, is a global publishing company that publishes books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.

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Stereotype space

In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, stereotype spaces are topological vector spaces defined by a special variant of reflexivity condition.

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Subspace topology

In topology and related areas of mathematics, a subspace of a topological space X is a subset S of X which is equipped with a topology induced from that of X called the subspace topology (or the relative topology, or the induced topology, or the trace topology).

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T1 space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, a T1 space is a topological space in which, for every pair of distinct points, each has a neighborhood not containing the other.

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Topological group

In mathematics, a topological group is a group G together with a topology on G such that the group's binary operation and the group's inverse function are continuous functions with respect to the topology.

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Topological ring

In mathematics, a topological ring is a ring R which is also a topological space such that both the addition and the multiplication are continuous as maps where R × R carries the product topology.

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Topological space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, a topological space may be defined as a set of points, along with a set of neighbourhoods for each point, satisfying a set of axioms relating points and neighbourhoods.

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Topology

In mathematics, topology (from the Greek τόπος, place, and λόγος, study) is concerned with the properties of space that are preserved under continuous deformations, such as stretching, crumpling and bending, but not tearing or gluing.

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Totally bounded space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, a totally bounded space is a space that can be covered by finitely many subsets of every fixed "size" (where the meaning of "size" depends on the given context).

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Triangle inequality

In mathematics, the triangle inequality states that for any triangle, the sum of the lengths of any two sides must be greater than or equal to the length of the remaining side.

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Tychonoff space

In topology and related branches of mathematics, Tychonoff spaces and completely regular spaces are kinds of topological spaces.

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Uniform boundedness principle

In mathematics, the uniform boundedness principle or Banach–Steinhaus theorem is one of the fundamental results in functional analysis.

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Uniform continuity

In mathematics, a function f is uniformly continuous if, roughly speaking, it is possible to guarantee that f(x) and f(y) be as close to each other as we please by requiring only that x and y are sufficiently close to each other; unlike ordinary continuity, the maximum distance between f(x) and f(y) cannot depend on x and y themselves.

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Uniform convergence

In the mathematical field of analysis, uniform convergence is a type of convergence of functions stronger than pointwise convergence.

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Uniform space

In the mathematical field of topology, a uniform space is a set with a uniform structure.

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Vector space

A vector space (also called a linear space) is a collection of objects called vectors, which may be added together and multiplied ("scaled") by numbers, called scalars.

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Walter Rudin

Walter Rudin (May 2, 1921 – May 20, 2010) was an Austrian-American mathematician and professor of Mathematics at the University of Wisconsin–Madison.

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Weak topology

In mathematics, weak topology is an alternative term for certain initial topologies, often on topological vector spaces or spaces of linear operators, for instance on a Hilbert space.

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Redirects here:

Linear topological space, Topological Vector Space, Topological linear spaces, Topological vector spaces.

References

[1] https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topological_vector_space

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